Preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon block

Abstract

This invention discloses a preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks, belonging to the technical field of preheating furnaces. The invention includes a preheating furnace body and a guide cavity formed at the edge of the furnace body. An electric heating tube is installed inside the guide cavity. Two shielding covers are provided on the preheating furnace body, and the locking direction of the one-way bearings on the power modules at both ends of the transmission rod is opposite to that of the furnace body. A first support component and a second support component are installed on the mounting plate. The first and second support components prevent continuous obstruction of the cathode carbon block support area during reciprocating movement. This preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks, by providing a movable limiting structure on the support assembly, achieves a limiting effect while preventing continuous obstruction of the fixed position of the cathode carbon block during preheating, ensuring uniform heating of all parts of the cathode carbon block.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of preheating furnace technology, specifically a preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks. Background Technology

[0002] Cathode carbon blocks are the core lining material of aluminum electrolytic cells, undertaking the triple functions of conductivity, resistance to molten salt corrosion, and support of the electrolytic cell structure. Before casting the phosphorus pig iron, the cathode carbon blocks need to be preheated. In order to improve the preheating efficiency of the cathode carbon blocks, a corresponding preheating furnace is usually used. The most commonly used preheating furnace is to preheat the cathode carbon blocks by resistance heating.

[0003] For example, the patent with announcement number CN221279992U, titled "A Cathode Carbon Block Preheating Device," and announcement date July 5, 2024, includes a heating furnace body, a support assembly, and a heating assembly. One end of the heating furnace body has an opening, and telescopic rods I are provided on both sides. The telescopic rods I drive the heating furnace body to move. The heating furnace body has several through holes II. The heating assembly and the support assembly are located within the through holes II. The support assembly includes support block I and support block II, which are fixedly connected. The heating assembly is located within support block I. A slider is provided inside support block II, and the slider is connected to a motor II. The motor II drives the slider to move, causing the heating assembly to rotate.

[0004] The existing technology has the following technical problems: When heating the cathode carbon block in the existing preheating furnace, the cathode carbon block is placed on the support assembly. However, when it is placed, the lower surface of the cathode carbon block will inevitably come into contact with the support assembly. When it is subsequently pushed into the furnace body for heating, the bottom of the cathode carbon block is blocked by the shielding surface of the support assembly, and the heating effect will be delayed compared to other unblocked surfaces, which will easily lead to uneven heating on the surface of the cathode carbon block.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a preheating furnace for cathode carbon block processing to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art. In existing preheating furnaces on the market, when heating cathode carbon blocks, the cathode carbon blocks are placed on a support assembly. However, during placement, the lower surface of the cathode carbon blocks will inevitably come into contact with the support assembly. When the blocks are subsequently pushed into the furnace body for heating, the bottom of the cathode carbon blocks is blocked by the shielding surface of the support assembly, and the heating effect is delayed compared to other unblocked surfaces. This results in uneven heating on various parts of the cathode carbon block surface.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks, comprising a preheating furnace body and a guide cavity formed at the edge of the preheating furnace body, wherein an electric heating tube is installed inside the guide cavity, and two shielding covers are provided on the preheating furnace body, and the shielding covers are interconnected by a mounting plate, wherein a universal wheel and a locking component are installed at the lower end of the shielding cover located on the outer side of the preheating furnace body, a servo motor is installed on the shielding cover on the outer side of the preheating furnace body, and a transmission rod is connected to the output end of the servo motor, wherein a power module is installed in the middle and at both ends of the transmission rod, and the middle of the transmission rod is connected to the two... The locking directions of the one-way bearings on the end power module are opposite. The mounting plate is equipped with a first support component and a second support component, and the lower ends of the first support component and the second support component are equipped with pressure guide rods. The power module in the middle of the transmission rod is used to control the reciprocating movement of the first support component in a forward rotation, and the power modules at both ends are used to control the reciprocating movement of the second support component in a reverse rotation. When the first support component and the second support component reciprocate, they prevent the cathode carbon block support part from being continuously blocked. At the same time, when moving, they can also blow hot air toward the blocked part of the cathode carbon block to increase the heating rate of the blocked part of the cathode carbon block.

[0008] Preferably, the diameter of the shielding cover is larger than the diameter of the right end opening of the preheating furnace body, and a cleaning scraper ring is fixed on the side of the shielding cover located inside the preheating furnace body, with the outer wall of the cleaning scraper ring and the inner wall of the preheating furnace body fitting together.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of two shielding covers can block the opening of the preheating furnace body when the cathode carbon block inside the preheating furnace body is removed, thereby reducing the heat dissipation inside the preheating furnace body.

[0010] Preferably, the locking component includes a guide screw threaded to the middle of the lower end of the cover, and a pressing block is fixed to the lower end of the guide screw, and the lower surface of the pressing block is evenly distributed with anti-slip texture.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotation of the guide screw can cause the lower pressure block to move downward and make contact with the ground.

[0012] Preferably, the power module includes a positioning plate fixed on the mounting plate, and a movable disc is connected to the positioning plate via a one-way bearing, and the edge of the movable disc is provided with a connecting groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the movable disc is connected to the positioning plate by a one-way bearing, which allows the movable disc to rotate only in one direction and be locked in the other direction of rotation.

[0014] Preferably, multiple connecting grooves are evenly distributed around the circumference of the movable disk, and the end of the pressure-bearing guide rod on the side of the movable disk is spherical, so that the connecting grooves form an uneven structure on the edge of the movable disk.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotating disc can utilize the concave and convex structure of the edge to reciprocate and compress the pressure guide rod.

[0016] Preferably, the first support component includes two side blocks located at the left and right ends of the mounting plate, and the side blocks are connected to the mounting plate by auxiliary springs. A first piston rod fixed on the shielding cover is installed on the side block, and an air outlet is opened on the side of the side block facing the cathode carbon block.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the side stop block can be reset and rebound after the rod is moved on the mounting plate by setting an auxiliary spring.

[0018] Preferably, the side block can slide on the mounting plate, and the interior of the side block is set as a hollow structure, and multiple air vents are evenly distributed on the side block.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the movement of the side baffle on the mounting plate enables the hot airflow inside the side baffle to be squeezed outward toward the cathode carbon block through the air outlet via the first piston rod.

[0020] Preferably, the second support component includes a lifting plate for supporting the cathode carbon block, and the lifting plate is connected to the mounting plate by a built-in spring. A second piston rod is inserted into the middle of the lifting plate and fixed to the mounting plate. An air outlet is fixed to the side of the lifting plate.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the air outlet makes it easy for the airflow inside the support plate to blow air towards the blocked area at the bottom of the cathode carbon block.

[0022] Preferably, the lifting plate is symmetrically arranged about the transverse central axis of the mounting plate, and the lifting plate can also slide on the mounting plate, and the interior of the lifting plate and the air outlet are interconnected.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the reciprocating movement of the lifting plate on the mounting plate avoids the lifting plate from constantly blocking a certain support area of ​​the cathode carbon block during support.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks, by setting a movable limiting structure on the support assembly, when preheating the cathode carbon blocks, the reciprocating movement of the limiting structure achieves the limiting effect while preventing the limiting structure from constantly blocking the fixed position of the cathode carbon blocks, so that all parts of the cathode carbon blocks can be heated evenly.

[0025] 1. Equipped with two cover panels, the cathode carbon blocks on the mounting plate can be easily removed after preheating to replace them. After the mounting plate is removed from the preheating furnace, the cover panels inside the furnace can seal the opening, thereby reducing the heat loss from the furnace when replacing the cathode carbon blocks. At the same time, the movement of the cover panels can drive the cleaning scraper ring to move synchronously, which can clean and scrape off impurities on the inner wall of the preheating furnace.

[0026] 2. A power module is provided. By using the different locking directions of the one-way bearings on the power modules at the middle and both ends of the transmission rod, the power module at the corresponding position is driven to rotate when the transmission rod rotates forward or backward. The rotation of the power modules at different positions on the transmission rod can make the first support component or the second support component reciprocate. This avoids the support component from constantly blocking a certain part of the cathode carbon block when preheating the cathode carbon block, which would cause an excessive temperature difference between the blocked surface and other positions.

[0027] 3. It is equipped with side blocks and lifting plates. Through the reciprocating movement of the side blocks and lifting plates, the airflow inside the side blocks and lifting plates can be sprayed towards the cathode carbon block through the air outlet and air outlet head under the action of the first piston rod and the second piston rod. The airflow sprayed towards the cathode carbon block can accelerate the heating efficiency of the area blocked by the cathode carbon block. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a frontal perspective view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the guide cavity and electric heating tube structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shielding cover and cleaning scraper ring structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shielding cover and universal wheel structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the side stop block and the first piston rod structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate and air outlet structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the mounting plate of the present invention is removed from the preheating furnace body.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Preheating furnace body; 2. Guide cavity; 3. Electric heating tube; 4. Cover; 5. Mounting plate; 6. Casters; 7. Guide screw; 8. Pressing block; 9. Cleaning scraper ring; 10. Servo motor; 11. Transmission rod; 12. Power module; 121. Positioning plate; 122. Movable disc; 123. Connecting groove; 13. First support component; 131. Side stop block; 132. Auxiliary spring; 133. First piston rod; 134. Air outlet; 14. Second support component; 141. Lifting plate; 142. Built-in spring; 143. Second piston rod; 144. Air outlet head; 15. Pressure guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-9In existing preheating furnaces, when heating cathode carbon blocks, the cathode carbon blocks are placed on a support assembly. However, during placement, the lower surface of the cathode carbon blocks inevitably comes into contact with the support assembly. When subsequently pushed into the furnace body for heating, the heating effect of the bottom surface of the cathode carbon block, which is shielded by the support assembly, is delayed compared to the other unshielded surfaces. This results in uneven heating across the surface of the cathode carbon block. To solve this technical problem, this embodiment discloses the following technical content: a preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks, including a preheating furnace body 1 and a guide cavity 2 formed at the edge of the preheating furnace body 1. An electric heating tube 3 is installed inside the guide cavity 2. Two shielding covers 4 are provided on the preheating furnace body 1, and the shielding covers 4 are interconnected by a mounting plate 5. A caster wheel 6 and a locking component are installed at the lower end of the shielding cover 4 on the outside of the preheating furnace body 1. A servo motor 10 is installed on the shielding cover 4 on the outside of the preheating furnace body 1, and a transmission rod 11 is connected to the output end of the servo motor 10. A power module 12 is installed in the middle and at both ends of the transmission rod 11, and the locking direction of the one-way bearing on the middle and both ends of the transmission rod 11 is opposite. A first support component 13 and a second support component 14 are installed on the mounting plate 5, and a pressure guide rod 15 is installed at the lower end of both the first support component 13 and the second support component 14. The power module 12 in the middle of the transmission rod 11 is used to control the reciprocating movement of the first support component 13 in forward rotation, and the power modules 12 at both ends are used to control the reciprocating movement of the second support component 14 in reverse rotation. When the support component 13 and the second support component 14 reciprocate, they prevent continuous obstruction of the cathode carbon block support area. Simultaneously, during movement, they can blow hot air towards the obstructed portion of the cathode carbon block, increasing the heating rate of that area. The power module 12 includes a positioning plate 121 fixed to the mounting plate 5, and a movable disk 122 is connected to the positioning plate 121 via a one-way bearing. The edge of the movable disk 122 has connecting grooves 123, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the movable disk 122. The end of the pressure-bearing guide rod 15 on the side of the movable disk 122 is spherical. The connecting grooves 123 create a concave-convex structure on the edge of the movable disk 122. The first support component 13 includes two side blocks 131 located at the left and right ends of the mounting plate 5. The side block 131 is connected to the mounting plate 5 via an auxiliary spring 132. A first piston rod 133, fixed to the cover 4, is mounted on the side block 131. An air outlet 134 is provided on the side of the side block 131 facing the cathode carbon block. The side block 131 can slide on the mounting plate 5. The interior of the side block 131 is hollow, and multiple air outlets 134 are evenly distributed on it. The second support component 14 includes a lifting plate 141 for supporting the cathode carbon block. The lifting plate 141 is connected to the mounting plate 5 via a built-in spring 142. A second piston rod 143 is inserted into the middle of the lifting plate 141 and fixed to the mounting plate 5. An air outlet 144 is fixed to the side of the lifting plate 141.The lifting plate 141 is symmetrically arranged about the transverse central axis of the mounting plate 5, and the lifting plate 141 can also slide on the mounting plate 5. The interior of the lifting plate 141 is a hollow structure, and the interior of the lifting plate 141 is interconnected with the air outlet 144.

[0040] When preheating of the cathode carbon block is required, pull the cover 4 on the outside of the preheating furnace body 1 to remove the mounting plate 5 from the inside of the preheating furnace body 1. Push the side block 131 towards the cover 4, and then place the cathode carbon block between the support plate 141 on the mounting plate 5 and the side block 131. After that, release the side block 131, and the side block 131 will contact the side of the cathode carbon block. Then push the cover 4 back into the preheating furnace body 1 and turn on the electric heating tube 3. After the electric heating tube 3 is turned on, the inside of the preheating furnace body 1 will heat up, thereby heating the cathode carbon block. During the heating process, the servo motor 10 is turned on. The servo motor 10 controls the transmission rod 11 to rotate alternately in forward and reverse directions. When the transmission rod 11 rotates in the forward direction, because the middle of the transmission rod 11 is in contact with the two The locking directions of the one-way bearings on the end power module 12 are opposite. At this time, the forward rotation of the transmission rod 11 can drive the power module 12 in the middle of the transmission rod 11 to rotate, but cannot drive the power modules 12 at both ends to rotate. After the movable disk 122 rotates, it can use the protruding part of the edge to squeeze the spherical end of the pressure guide rod 15. After the pressure guide rod 15 is pressed, it can make the lifting plate 141 move synchronously. When the movable disk 122 rotates, the connecting groove 123 on the edge corresponds to the pressure guide rod 15. The pressure guide rod 15 and the lifting plate 141 are reset and rebound under the action of the built-in spring 142, thus realizing the reciprocating movement of the lifting plate 141. Through the reciprocating movement of the lifting plate 141, it can prevent the bottom fixed area of ​​the cathode carbon block from being penetrated. The continuous obstruction causes uneven heating on the surface of the cathode carbon block. Since the side block 131 does not move when the lifting plate 141 reciprocates, the stability of the cathode carbon block is ensured. The reciprocating movement of the lifting plate 141 on the second piston rod 143 allows the exhaust of hot air from the preheating furnace 1 via the exhaust port 144 on the side of the lifting plate 141. Hot air is blown towards the obstructed area at the bottom of the cathode carbon block through the exhaust port 144, thereby increasing the heating rate of the obstructed area. When the transmission rod 11 rotates in the reverse direction, it drives the power modules 12 at both ends to rotate, but cannot drive the power module 12 in the middle. After the movable disk 122 rotates, the alignment and misalignment between its connecting groove 123 and the pressure guide rod 15 allow the movable disk 122 to reciprocately press the pressure guide rod 15 at the lower end of the first support component 13. At this time, the movement of the pressure guide rod 15 causes the side stop block 131 to move. The reciprocating movement of the side stop block 131 prevents it from continuously blocking the cathode carbon block. Simultaneously, the movement of the side stop block 131 on the first piston rod 133 forces the airflow inside the side stop block 131 to be expelled through the air outlet 134 towards the side of the cathode carbon block. This reciprocating cycle also improves the heating efficiency of the area where the cathode carbon block's side is blocked.Because the first support component 13 and the second support component 14 do not move synchronously, this prevents the supported cathode carbon block from deflecting excessively and falling due to synchronous movement of the first support component 13 and the second support component 14. After the cathode carbon block is preheated, the cover 4 is pulled. After the cover 4 moves, the mounting plate 5 can be moved outward until the cover 4 inside the preheating furnace body 1 seals the opening of the preheating furnace body 1, thereby reducing the dissipation of heat inside the preheating furnace body 1 when changing or removing the cathode carbon block.

[0041] Example 2: The technical content disclosed in this example is a further improvement based on Example 1 described above. The following technical content is disclosed in this example: Figures 1-3 and Figure 9 As shown, the diameter of the shielding cover 4 is larger than the diameter of the opening at the right end of the preheating furnace body 1, and a cleaning scraper ring 9 is fixed on the side of the shielding cover 4 located inside the preheating furnace body 1. The outer wall of the cleaning scraper ring 9 and the inner wall of the preheating furnace body 1 are in close contact with each other. The locking component includes a guide screw 7 threadedly connected to the middle of the lower end of the shielding cover 4, and a pressing block 8 is fixed at the lower end of the guide screw 7. The lower surface of the pressing block 8 is evenly distributed with anti-slip texture.

[0042] In this embodiment, to ensure the stability of the shielding cover 4, after the shielding cover 4 is closed with the preheating furnace body 1 and when the cathode carbon block is removed, the guide screw 7 can be rotated. After the guide screw 7 rotates, the pressing block 8 at its lower end contacts the ground. The setting of the pressing block 8 can brake the shielding cover 4 and prevent the universal wheel 6 at the bottom of the shielding cover 4 from moving after being subjected to force. In addition, the anti-slip texture on the surface of the pressing block 8 can increase the contact friction between the pressing block 8 and the ground. At the same time, a cleaning scraper ring 9 is provided on the side of the shielding cover 4. When the shielding cover 4 moves, it can drive the cleaning scraper ring 9 to move synchronously. The cleaning scraper ring 9 can move and clean the iron slag, dust or debris remaining on the inner wall of the preheating furnace body 1, and prevent contaminants from sticking to the surface of the cathode carbon block during preheating, which would affect the bonding strength of the phosphorus pig iron casting.

[0043] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0044] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks, comprising a preheating furnace body (1) and a guide cavity (2) formed at the edge of the preheating furnace body (1), wherein an electric heating tube (3) is installed inside the guide cavity (2), characterized in that: The preheating furnace body (1) is provided with two shielding covers (4), and the shielding covers (4) are connected to each other by a mounting plate (5). The lower end of the shielding cover (4) located on the outside of the preheating furnace body (1) is equipped with a caster wheel (6) and a locking component. A servo motor (10) is installed on the shielding cover (4) on the outside of the preheating furnace body (1), and a transmission rod (11) is connected to the output end of the servo motor (10). A power module (12) is installed in the middle and at both ends of the transmission rod (11), and the locking direction of the one-way bearing on the middle and both ends of the transmission rod (11) is opposite. A first support is installed on the mounting plate (5). The first support component (13) and the second support component (14) are equipped with pressure guide rods (15) at the lower ends of the first support component (13) and the second support component (14). The power module (12) in the middle of the transmission rod (11) is used to control the first support component (13) to move back and forth in a forward direction, and the power modules (12) at both ends are used to control the second support component (14) to move back and forth in a reverse direction. When the first support component (13) and the second support component (14) move back and forth, they prevent the cathode carbon block support part from being blocked. At the same time, when moving, they can blow hot air toward the blocked part of the cathode carbon block to increase the heating rate of the blocked part of the cathode carbon block. The first support component (13) includes two side blocks (131) located at the left and right ends of the mounting plate (5), and the side blocks (131) are connected to the mounting plate (5) by an auxiliary spring (132). A first piston rod (133) fixed on the cover (4) is installed on the side block (131), and an air outlet (134) is opened on the side of the side block (131) facing the cathode carbon block. The second support component (14) includes a support plate (141) for supporting the cathode carbon block, and the support plate (141) is connected to the mounting plate (5) by a built-in spring (142). A second piston rod (143) is inserted into the middle of the support plate (141) and the second piston rod (143) is fixed on the mounting plate (5). An air outlet (144) is fixed on the side of the support plate (141).

2. The preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the shielding cover (4) is larger than the diameter of the right end opening of the preheating furnace body (1), and a cleaning scraper (9) is fixed on the side of the shielding cover (4) located inside the preheating furnace body (1). The outer wall of the cleaning scraper (9) and the inner wall of the preheating furnace body (1) are in contact with each other.

3. The preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking component includes a guide screw (7) threadedly connected to the middle of the lower end of the cover (4), and a pressing block (8) is fixed to the lower end of the guide screw (7), and the lower surface of the pressing block (8) is evenly distributed with anti-slip texture.

4. The preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module (12) includes a positioning plate (121) fixed on the mounting plate (5), and a movable disk (122) is connected to the positioning plate (121) via a one-way bearing, and a connecting groove (123) is provided on the edge of the movable disk (122).

5. A preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting grooves (123) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the movable disk (122), and the end of the pressure guide rod (15) on the side of the movable disk (122) is set to be spherical. The connecting grooves (123) make the edge of the movable disk (122) form a concave-convex structure.

6. A preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side block (131) can slide on the mounting plate (5), and the interior of the side block (131) is set as a hollow structure, and multiple air vents (134) are evenly distributed on the side block (131).

7. A preheating furnace for processing cathode carbon blocks according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting plate (141) is symmetrically arranged about the transverse central axis of the mounting plate (5), and the lifting plate (141) can also slide on the mounting plate (5), and the interior of the lifting plate (141) and the air outlet (144) are interconnected.

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