Order agricultural financing system based on block chain

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of block chains, and provides a block chain-based order agricultural financing system, which comprises a data layer, a network layer, an intelligent contract layer, a consensus layer, an external interface layer and an application layer, according to the method, the order agricultural financing trust system is reconstructed by applying the intelligent contract, the rule system in the order agricultural financing process can be written into the block chain, and the digital protocol is automatically executed according to the rule, so that the credit status and the financing process of the order agricultural financing subject are open, transparent and traceable, the performance risk of order agricultural financing is reduced, and the efficiency of order agricultural financing is improved. The financing dilemma of small and micro agricultural enterprises is improved; through application of a chain structure and a consensus mechanism, whole-course tracking can be performed on order agricultural financing information, operation and intervention of individuals or centralized mechanisms are avoided, and fairness and credibility of financing information are ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of blockchain, in particular to an order agriculture financing system based on blockchain. BACKGROUND

[0002] Order agriculture, also known as contract agriculture or contract agriculture, is a supply and demand contract signed according to income estimation, and farmers produce agricultural products according to the requirements of the contract, and implement the agricultural production and operation mode of "production according to sales". Order agriculture improves the standardization, industrialization and marketization of agricultural production, reduces the risk of market price fluctuations to farmers, is conducive to stabilizing the sales channel of farmers, and promotes the income increase of farmers. In addition, order agriculture can also guide farmers to adjust the variety and scale of agricultural products according to market demand, help to optimize the agricultural structure, promote the organic combination of small farmers and agricultural industry chain, and help the coordinated development of upstream and downstream subjects of rural industry. Blockchain is a distributed database technology that realizes the authenticity of each node record information by integrating encryption algorithm, distributed storage, consensus mechanism and other technologies. It has the characteristics of decentralization, data transparency, non-tamperability, anonymity, traceability and autonomy. Blockchain has changed the operation mode of traditional business and financial field, and gradually penetrated into supply chain finance, commodity traceability, e-government and other real economy industries. Application of blockchain technology provides the possibility for establishing a decentralized trust mechanism, which is conducive to breaking through the limitations such as lack of trust and information silos in the process of order agriculture financing, and promoting the transformation and upgrading of order agriculture. At present, scholars have conducted in-depth research on order agriculture financing. In the research on order agriculture supply chain coordination problem. The application of blockchain in order agriculture is still in the early stage, and most of the research focuses on the exploration of operation decision. Blockchain has been widely applied in agricultural supply chain finance.

[0003] However, the research on the application of blockchain technology in order agriculture financing is still limited. The existing research mainly focuses on operational decision analysis and simple system platform construction, lacking of innovation breakthrough from the perspective of operation mode. The difficulties of order agriculture financing are as follows: 1) Incomplete credit system: Order agriculture financing is based on the credit of core enterprises, which uses the credit advantage of high-quality enterprises to support the upstream agricultural producers in the agricultural supply chain. Traditional credit evaluation usually relies on financial institutions to collect information through their own centralized credit information platform. The credit evaluation indicators of each other are different and relatively independent, which is prone to information island problem, leading to the separation of credit platform and enterprise credit, increasing the risk of financing. In addition, credit information is manually entered and stored in a decentralized manner, which is prone to input errors or human tampering and forgery of data, and financial institutions have difficulty in accurately verifying credit information, which will directly affect the trust relationship between financial institutions and agricultural producers, increasing the difficulty of order agriculture financing. 2) Information barriers and low financing efficiency: Order agriculture financing involves many participants, including farmers, enterprises, financial institutions, futures markets, insurance companies, and government. The information exchange between different participants is low. Farmers and enterprises are difficult to fully understand the financing requirements and risk prevention measures, and financial institutions are also difficult to accurately obtain the credit risk of farmers and enterprises, resulting in low efficiency of financial resource allocation, which prolongs the financing approval cycle and loan time, affecting the financing willingness of farmers and enterprises. Therefore, the information barriers between different order agriculture financing subjects will directly lead to low financing efficiency. On the one hand, order agriculture financing involves multiple supply chain links, including production, procurement, and sales. The data of production orders, sales orders, inventory, and financial status of these links are the focus of financial institutions. It is difficult for financial institutions to accurately obtain and integrate these cross-supply chain link, cross-regional, and cross-subject financing information, leading to complex financing processes and increasing financing costs. On the other hand, order agriculture financing information is easily affected by natural disasters, pests, and fluctuations in agricultural market prices. Traditional methods of collecting data by financial institutions, such as on-site investigation and random sampling, are difficult to obtain potential risks in the order agriculture financing process in a timely manner, which affects the financing efficiency. 3) Difficult information tracing and high transaction costs: Order agriculture financing involves upstream and downstream links of the supply chain, with complex data flow and real-time tracking and accurate evaluation of the credit status and repayment ability of farmers and enterprises, which increases the financing threshold and cost, making it difficult for order agriculture participants, especially farmers, to obtain sufficient financial support and limiting the development of order agriculture. In addition, under the traditional order agriculture model, it is difficult for financial institutions to identify information. Due to the opacity of order agriculture financing information, it is difficult for regulatory authorities to effectively supervise and hold accountable order agriculture financing, which is prone to rent-seeking behavior, adverse selection, moral hazard, and financing constraints. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a blockchain-based order agricultural financing system, which solves the problems of incomplete credit system, information barriers and difficult information tracing in traditional methods.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions: A blockchain-based order agricultural financing system, comprising: A data layer for storing system data using blockchain technology; A network layer for information interaction between nodes in the order agricultural financing consortium chain architecture system; An intelligent contract layer for writing financing rules and logic into a target intelligent contract after consensus is reached among order agricultural financing subjects in the order agricultural financing consortium chain architecture system, and for automatically executing order agricultural financing, credit transactions, risk management and control, settlement and supervision according to the target intelligent contract and set trigger conditions; A consensus layer for using a consensus algorithm to monitor the consistency of data records of nodes in the order agricultural financing consortium chain architecture system; An external interface layer for adjusting the interface permissions of order agricultural financing subjects according to their qualification differences; An application layer for controlling the docking of order agricultural financing subjects and the external interface layer.

[0006] Preferably, the blockchain technology includes a chain structure, digital signature, Merkle tree, hash function and timestamp.

[0007] Preferably, the system data includes order agricultural financing data, credit data, insurance data, production data and transaction data.

[0008] Preferably, the network layer is embedded with a P2P network, a propagation mechanism and a data verification mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the order agricultural financing subjects include government departments, farmers, enterprises, agricultural cooperatives, insurance companies, futures markets and financial institutions; wherein the government departments have the highest interface permission level in the order agricultural financing consortium chain architecture system, and the interface permissions of the enterprises, the agricultural cooperatives, the insurance companies, the futures markets and the financial institutions are financing data on-chain storage and information viewing.

[0010] Preferably, the data layer, the network layer, the intelligent contract layer, the consensus layer, the external interface layer and the application layer are built in the Hyperledger Fabric consortium chain.

[0011] The present application discloses the following technical effects: The present application provides a blockchain-based order agriculture financing system, which solves the problems of incomplete credit system, information barriers and difficult information tracing in traditional methods, and realizes the credit status of order agriculture financing subjects, open, transparent and traceable financing process, and whole-process tracking of order agriculture financing information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0013] Figure 1 The present application provides a blockchain-based order agriculture financing system, which solves the problems of incomplete credit system, information barriers and difficult information tracing in traditional methods, and realizes the credit status of order agriculture financing subjects, open, transparent and traceable financing process, and whole-process tracking of order agriculture financing information. Figure 2 The present application provides a blockchain-based order agriculture financing system, which solves the problems of incomplete credit system, information barriers and difficult information tracing in traditional methods, and realizes the credit status of order agriculture financing subjects, open, transparent and traceable financing process, and whole-process tracking of order agriculture financing information. Figure 3 The present application provides a blockchain-based order agriculture financing system, which solves the problems of incomplete credit system, information barriers and difficult information tracing in traditional methods, and realizes the credit status of order agriculture financing subjects, open, transparent and traceable financing process, and whole-process tracking of order agriculture financing information. Figure 4 The present application provides a blockchain-based order agriculture financing system, which solves the problems of incomplete credit system, information barriers and difficult information tracing in traditional methods, and realizes the credit status of order agriculture financing subjects, open, transparent and traceable financing process, and whole-process tracking of order agriculture financing information. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0015] The present application aims to provide a blockchain-based order agriculture financing system to solve the problems of incomplete credit system, information barriers and difficult information tracing in traditional methods.

[0016] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more apparent and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 The present application provides a blockchain-based order agriculture financing system, which solves the problems of incomplete credit system, information barriers and difficult information tracing in traditional methods, and realizes the credit status of order agriculture financing subjects, open, transparent and traceable financing process, and whole-process tracking of order agriculture financing information. Figure 1 As shown in the drawings, the present application provides a blockchain-based order agriculture financing system, which includes: The data layer is used to store system data using blockchain technology; The network layer is used for information exchange between various nodes in the order agriculture financing alliance chain architecture. The smart contract layer is used to write financing rules and logic into the target smart contract after the various order agriculture financing entities in the order agriculture financing alliance chain architecture reach a consensus, and to automatically execute order agriculture financing, credit transactions, risk management, settlement and supervision according to the target smart contract and the set trigger conditions; The consensus layer is used to monitor the consistency of data records of each node in the order agriculture financing alliance chain architecture using a consensus algorithm. An external interface layer is used to adjust the interface permissions of the contract agriculture financing entities based on their eligibility differences. The application layer is used to control the connection between the order agriculture financing entity and the external interface layer.

[0018] Preferably, the blockchain technology includes: a chain structure, digital signature, Merkle tree, hash function, and timestamp.

[0019] Specifically, the system data includes: contract farming financing data, credit data, insurance data, production data, and transaction data.

[0020] Preferably, the network layer embeds a P2P network, a propagation mechanism, and a data verification mechanism.

[0021] Specifically, the entities involved in order-based agricultural financing include: government departments, farmers, enterprises, agricultural cooperatives, insurance companies, futures markets, and financial institutions; among them, government departments have the highest level of interface permissions in the order-based agricultural financing alliance chain architecture, while the interfaces of enterprises, agricultural cooperatives, insurance companies, futures markets, and financial institutions are limited to storing financing data on the blockchain and viewing information.

[0022] Preferably, the data layer, the network layer, the smart contract layer, the consensus layer, the external interface layer, and the application layer are built on the Hyperledger Fabric consortium blockchain.

[0023] refer to Figure 2This paper presents a blockchain-based financing model for order-based agriculture. Leveraging the technological characteristics of blockchain and its compatibility with order-based agriculture financing, this embodiment introduces blockchain as the underlying technology to reconstruct the financing model. It connects multiple participants, including farmers, enterprises, insurance companies, financial institutions, and government departments, and establishes an autonomous flow channel for various data, such as order transaction information, credit information, and operating status. This aims to enhance the trust, transparency, and traceability of the order-based agriculture financing model.

[0024] Preferably, the blockchain type is determined. Based on application scenarios and user needs, blockchains can be categorized into three types: public blockchains, consortium blockchains, and private blockchains. Public blockchains have no node access restrictions, emphasizing decentralization, openness, and transparency, but also present regulatory challenges. Private blockchains are often used by individual entities, with system permissions controlled by a single organization or private individual, leading to a tendency towards centralization. Consortium blockchains have access principles between public and private blockchains, offering limited openness while retaining a degree of decentralization, resulting in higher efficiency and targeting. Based on the institutional characteristics of the order-based agriculture financing model, this embodiment selects a consortium blockchain as the framework for the order-based agriculture financing model, aiming to balance the interests of farmers, enterprises, and financial institutions, reach consensus, maximize the decentralized and secure characteristics of blockchain, and consider system efficiency and cost issues.

[0025] refer to Figure 3 The construction of nodes in the order-based agriculture financing alliance chain. In the order-based agriculture financing alliance chain, farmers, agricultural cooperatives, enterprises, insurance companies, futures markets, financial institutions, government departments, and other systems participating in data sharing can all register as node users of the alliance chain network. All nodes jointly participate in the consensus process to create a trustless value ecosystem.

[0026] refer to Figure 4 Farmers, agricultural cooperatives, and other new agricultural production and management entities, along with core enterprises, are the main initiators of contract farming financing. They need to upload credit information such as production and operating conditions to the consortium blockchain network. Insurance institutions and futures markets connect to the consortium blockchain network to track the production status of farmers and agricultural cooperatives and provide insurance and futures contract services to reduce their market risks. Government agencies review and supervise key processes in contract farming to ensure fairness and impartiality in the financing process. Agricultural financial institutions, with the credit guarantee of core enterprises, extend credit to farmers and agricultural cooperatives based on consensus formed by digital trust. Contract farming financing in the consortium blockchain environment ensures the authenticity and validity of agricultural orders, insurance contracts, and futures contracts, establishes an internal network trust mechanism, facilitates agricultural financing channels, optimizes the allocation of financial resources, and promotes the value transfer of the agricultural industry.

[0027] Specifically, the system architecture is designed. This embodiment selects the Hyperledger Fabric consortium blockchain to build the order agriculture financing system. Hyperledger Fabric is a sub-project of Hyperledger, a global collaborative project sponsored by the Linux Foundation and launched in 2015. It adopts a client-based, pre-executed, modular architecture design and is one of the most representative consortium blockchain systems, having formed a strong and sustainable community and a thriving ecosystem. The order agriculture financing consortium blockchain architecture built in this embodiment consists of six layers: data layer, network layer, smart contract layer, consensus layer, external interface layer, and application layer. 1) The main function of the data layer is to store data such as order agriculture financing data, credit data, insurance data, production data, and transaction data. Here, the Hyperledger Fabric consortium blockchain network encapsulates technical elements such as chain structure, digital signature, Merkle tree, hash function, and timestamp to realize the storage of basic data and business data for order agriculture financing, as well as the implementation and security of order agriculture financing.

[0028] 2) The network layer includes P2P networks, propagation mechanisms, and data verification mechanisms, providing information query and data security verification functions. Nodes on the order agriculture financing alliance chain establish connections through the network layer to achieve information exchange.

[0029] 3) The smart contract layer encapsulates the smart contracts, script code, and algorithm mechanisms in the consortium blockchain system. In the consortium blockchain system architecture for order agriculture financing, after reaching a consensus, the various order agriculture financing entities write the financing rules and logic into the smart contract. By setting trigger conditions, the system automatically executes decision-making behaviors such as order agriculture financing, credit transactions, risk management, settlement, and supervision, reducing trust costs in order agriculture financing, minimizing the risk of human manipulation, and improving financing efficiency.

[0030] 4) The consensus layer encapsulates various consensus algorithms to ensure the consistency of data records among network nodes in the consortium blockchain. Common consensus algorithms include Proof of Stake (PoS), Proof of Work (PoW), and Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS), each with its own advantages and disadvantages in terms of performance efficiency, resource consumption, and decentralization. In the order agriculture consortium blockchain architecture, a suitable consensus algorithm needs to be selected based on the actual application requirements.

[0031] 5) The external interface layer serves as the information collection terminal, providing on-chain services for consortium blockchain nodes. Contract farming financing entities connect to the consortium blockchain network's basic service layer through the application layer. The consortium blockchain network adjusts interface permissions based on the different qualifications of each contract farming financing entity. Government departments have the highest authority in the contract farming financing system, while enterprises, agricultural cooperatives, insurance companies, futures markets, and financial institutions only have the authority to store financing data on the blockchain and view information.

[0032] 6) The application layer is the specific application of the blockchain system in all application scenarios of order agriculture financing. Order agriculture financing users can access comprehensive and convenient financing services through the order agriculture financing system, agricultural insurance information system, user management system, credit rating system, supervision system and mobile APP application.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) Reconstructing the Trust System for Order Agriculture Financing with Smart Contracts. Blockchain systems can provide credit endorsement for financing among unfamiliar stakeholders in order agriculture financing. Smart contract technology can write the rules of the order agriculture financing process into the blockchain and automatically execute digital protocols according to the rules, making the credit status and financing process of order agriculture financing entities public, transparent, and traceable. Stakeholders in order agriculture financing establish a reliable digital trust through computer algorithms, jointly participate in the verification of credit information under a unified network regulation and mechanism, and reach a consensus on the validity of credit information, thereby constructing a trust system that eliminates third parties. In addition, smart contracts can improve the reliability of order agriculture financing information flow. Different order agriculture financing entities can simultaneously upload financing information from multiple points and jointly enjoy the right to share and control data, promoting the seamless flow of trust along the order agriculture financing chain to upstream and downstream users, which can effectively reduce the performance risk of order agriculture financing and improve the financing difficulties of micro and small agricultural enterprises.

[0034] (2) Ensuring the openness, transparency, and traceability of contract farming financing through a distributed storage structure. Blockchain uses distributed storage technology to synchronously transmit information in the blockchain network to authorized node users in the network. Node users can freely view and access financing information, ensuring the openness and transparency of the data on the chain. The openness and transparency of blockchain can eliminate information gaps between various contract farming financing entities, promote the flow of financing information, alleviate the problem of low financing efficiency caused by poor access to financing information, and enhance the financing trust mechanism.

[0035] (3) The use of hash functions ensures the immutability of contract farming financing information. In traditional data management systems, senior data managers have broad management rights, which may lead to data tampering or destruction, reducing public trust in the data. Blockchain uses hash algorithms to encrypt and protect financing information. Hash algorithms can map the data of each block in the blockchain into an irreversible random hash. Through hash value calculation and Merkle tree structure, it can be ensured that the financing data cannot be tampered with. The immutability of blockchain guarantees the authenticity of contract farming financing information, which is conducive to improving the privacy and security of financing information and effectively suppressing opportunistic motives for manipulating financing data for profit.

[0036] (4) The application of a chain structure and consensus mechanism ensures the traceability of contract farming financing information. Traceability means that information generated and stored in the blockchain can be retrieved and viewed again when needed, thereby re-verifying the authenticity of the information. The blockchain uses a chain block structure with timestamps to store data, which can track and record the information on the chain throughout the entire process and store it permanently on the blockchain, forming a complete trace. Blockchain network node users can trace the latest data and its changes at will, realizing the traceability of the data on the chain. In addition, the consensus mechanism of the blockchain ensures that only one node can package and upload data to the chain at the same time, solving the blockchain fork problem and ensuring the orderly linking of the blockchain. The traceability of the blockchain can track the contract farming financing information throughout the entire process, avoiding manipulation and interference by individuals or centralized institutions, and ensuring the fairness and credibility of the financing information.

[0037] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the invention; furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the invention, there will be changes in specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based order agriculture financing system, characterized in that, The system comprises: a data layer for storing system data by using blockchain technology; a network layer for information interaction between nodes in the order agricultural financing consortium chain architecture system; an intelligent contract layer for writing financing rules and logic into a target intelligent contract after consensus is reached among order agricultural financing subjects in the order agricultural financing consortium chain architecture system, and for automatically executing order agricultural financing, credit transactions, risk management, settlement and supervision according to the target intelligent contract and a set trigger condition; a consensus layer for using a consensus algorithm to monitor the consistency of data records of nodes in the order agricultural financing consortium chain architecture system; an external interface layer for adjusting the interface permissions of order agricultural financing subjects according to their qualification differences; an application layer for controlling the docking of order agricultural financing subjects and the external interface layer.

2. The blockchain-based order agriculture financing system of claim 1, wherein, The blockchain technology comprises a chain structure, digital signature, Merkle tree, hash function and timestamp.

3. The blockchain-based order agriculture financing system of claim 1, wherein, The system data comprises order agricultural financing data, credit data, insurance data, production data and transaction data.

4. The blockchain-based order agri-finance system according to claim 1, wherein, The network layer is embedded with a P2P network, a propagation mechanism and a data verification mechanism.

5. The blockchain-based order agri-finance system according to claim 1, wherein, The order agricultural financing subjects comprise government departments, farmers, enterprises, agricultural cooperatives, insurance companies, futures markets and financial institutions; among them, the government departments have the highest interface permission level in the order agricultural financing consortium chain architecture system, and the interface permissions of the enterprises, the agricultural cooperatives, the insurance companies, the futures markets and the financial institutions are financing data on-chain storage and information viewing.

6. The blockchain-based order agri-finance system according to claim 1, wherein, The data layer, the network layer, the intelligent contract layer, the consensus layer, the external interface layer and the application layer are built in a Hyperledger Fabric consortium chain.

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