Portable hydrology and water resource surveying device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable hydrology and water resource surveying device and a using method thereof, and relates to the technical field of hydrology and water resource surveying.The technical scheme includes that the portable hydrology and water resource surveying device comprises a buoyancy control shell, a surveying sampling mechanism, an anti-overturning mechanism and a contraction fixing mechanism, and the contraction fixing mechanism comprises a contraction shell fixedly connected with the interior of the buoyancy control shell; a first motor is arranged on one side of the telescopic shell, a first threaded rod is arranged at the output end of the first motor, the first threaded rod is rotationally connected with the telescopic shell, the first threaded rod is in threaded connection with a telescopic table, and the telescopic table is fixedly connected with the ballast box. The first threaded rod rotates to drive the telescopic table to move, so that the ballast box is driven to extend out of the buoyancy control shell, the telescopic table synchronously drives the moving blocks to move towards the two sides in the ballast box moving process, the friction heads can be driven to get close to the friction walls through movement of the moving blocks, and the stability of the ballast box in severe weather is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrological and water resources surveying technology, and in particular to a convenient hydrological and water resources surveying device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] The portable hydrological and water resources surveying device is an advanced tool designed for efficient and flexible hydrological and water resources surveying. It integrates modern sensing, data acquisition, and wireless transmission technologies. Compact and portable, it can be quickly deployed in various water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. The device can monitor multiple key indicators such as water level, flow velocity, and water quality in real time, providing accurate and reliable data. Through a wireless communication module, the monitoring data can be instantly transmitted to a management platform or mobile terminal for remote monitoring and data analysis. It is easy to operate, requiring no complex training, and greatly improves the efficiency and flexibility of surveying work. Whether for emergency monitoring, daily inspections, or scientific research, the portable hydrological and water resources surveying device provides strong support and is an indispensable and powerful assistant in the field of hydrological and water resources management.

[0003] However, in actual use, existing floating survey devices often use ballast tanks to control their floating state and adjust their draft. However, to ensure sufficient buoyancy, the ballast tanks are usually large, which makes the entire device extremely inconvenient to carry. When encountering strong winds or other severe weather, the waves constantly hit the ballast tanks, causing the device's stability to decrease, which in turn affects the normal conduct of survey work and the accuracy of data. Therefore, a convenient hydrological and water resources survey device and its usage method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies where floating survey devices often use ballast tanks to control their buoyancy and adjust their draft. However, to ensure sufficient buoyancy, the ballast tanks are usually large, making the entire device extremely inconvenient to carry. Furthermore, in severe weather conditions such as strong winds, waves constantly pound the ballast tanks, causing a decrease in device stability and affecting the normal conduct of survey work and the accuracy of data. Therefore, this invention proposes a convenient hydrological and water resources survey device and its usage method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A portable hydrological and water resources surveying device includes a buoyancy control shell, a surveying and sampling mechanism, an anti-overturning mechanism, and a retraction and fixing mechanism. The retraction and fixing mechanism includes a retraction shell fixedly connected inside the buoyancy control shell. A first motor is mounted on one side of the retraction shell, and a first threaded rod is mounted on the output end of the first motor. The first threaded rod is rotatably connected to the retraction shell. A telescopic platform is threadedly connected to the first threaded rod, and the telescopic platform is fixedly connected to a ballast tank. The ballast tank is slidably connected to the buoyancy control shell. An energy-absorbing plate is fixedly connected to the side of the ballast tank away from the buoyancy control shell. A first gear is rotatably connected to one side of the telescopic platform, and the first gear is rotatably connected to a transmission rack. The transmission rack is fixedly connected to the retraction shell. A second threaded rod is fixedly connected to the first gear, and a moving block is threadedly connected to the second threaded rod. A friction head is fixedly connected to the end of the moving block away from the first gear. A friction wall is fixedly connected inside the buoyancy control shell near the friction head. When the device is not in use, the ballast tank retracts inside the buoyancy control shell. During use, the first motor is started, causing the first threaded rod to rotate. The rotation of the first threaded rod drives the telescopic platform to move, thereby controlling the ballast tank to extend from inside the buoyancy control shell. Simultaneously, the telescopic platform moves the moving block, causing the friction head to continuously approach and press against the friction wall. As the extension length of the ballast tank increases, the friction between the ballast tank and the buoyancy control shell increases, ensuring the stability of the ballast tank in harsh weather conditions. This design achieves dynamic adjustment of stability through mechanical linkage, effectively improving the applicability of the device in complex environments. The friction head is made of ceramic material combined with a metal matrix, which effectively reduces friction loss. The composite ceramic combined with the metal matrix further enhances impact resistance and adapts to harsh working conditions. The friction wall is made of engineering plastic with self-lubricating properties, low water absorption, and fatigue resistance, reducing friction noise and energy consumption. Its corrosion resistance also meets the requirements of freshwater environments. The detection device integrates multi-parameter sensors (such as pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and turbidity sensors) to simultaneously analyze the chemical and physical indicators of the water. Data is transmitted to the terminal in real time via a wireless module or stored in local memory for subsequent download.

[0006] The above technical solution further includes: The retractable shell is fixedly connected to a limiting slide rail, which is slidably connected to the telescopic platform. The design of the limiting slide rail ensures the straightness of the telescopic platform during movement and prevents deviation.

[0007] A linkage housing is fixedly connected to one side of the telescopic platform. A limiting slide groove is fixedly connected inside the linkage housing. The limiting slide groove is slidably connected to the moving block. The combined design of the linkage housing and the limiting slide groove makes the movement of the moving block more stable and improves the reliability of the device.

[0008] The survey and sampling mechanism includes a detection device installed on the upper part of the buoyancy control shell. The bottom of the detection device is equipped with a sampling head. Water samples are collected through the sampling head and sent to the detection device for testing. This design enables the device to acquire and test water samples in real time, providing accurate data support for hydrological and water resource research.

[0009] An electric telescopic rod is provided at the lower part of the buoyancy control shell, and a telescopic tube is provided at the output end of the electric telescopic rod. A sampling head is provided at the bottom of the telescopic tube, and a detection device is provided at the end of the telescopic tube away from the sampling head. The combined design of the electric telescopic rod, the telescopic tube, and the sampling head enables the device to adjust the sampling depth as needed, thereby improving the flexibility and accuracy of sampling.

[0010] The anti-overturning mechanism includes a control housing fixedly connected to the bottom of the ballast tank and a drainage pump installed on the top of the ballast tank. Through the combined design of the ballast tank, control housing, and drainage pump, the device can remain stable in the event of severe weather or water flow impact, preventing overturning. The drainage pump adjusts the overall center of gravity of the device by quickly draining water from the ballast tank. In case of extreme tilting, the drainage pump can lower the center of gravity to restore balance, or increase the weight of specific areas by reverse water injection to achieve active correction. The ballast tank provides basic stability, the gear set and movable baffle achieve fine posture adjustment, and the drainage pump responds to sudden working conditions. The three work together to ensure the device's anti-overturning capability in wind and waves.

[0011] The control housing contains a second motor, and the output end of the second motor is equipped with a second gear. The second gear is rotatably connected to the control housing. The design of the second motor and the second gear provides power support for the anti-tipping mechanism, enabling the device to make rapid adjustments according to the actual situation.

[0012] The second gear is meshed with a fourth gear on one side, and the fourth gear is rotatably connected to the control housing. The second gear is meshed with a third gear on the side away from the fourth gear, and the third gear is meshed with a fifth gear, which is rotatably connected to the control housing. Through the complex meshing design of the second, fourth, third, and fifth gears, the anti-tipping mechanism is precisely controlled, improving the stability and safety of the device.

[0013] The fourth and fifth gears are meshed with a movable baffle, which is slidably connected to the control housing. The design of the movable baffle allows the anti-tipping mechanism to respond more flexibly to various situations during adjustment, further improving the stability and adaptability of the device.

[0014] A method for using a convenient hydrological and water resources surveying device includes the following steps: Step 1: When the device is not in use, the ballast tank retracts into the buoyancy control shell. At this time, the overall size of the device is small, and personnel can carry and transport it to the target survey water area. Step 2: Place the device on the surface of the target water area, activate the relevant components of the retraction and fixing mechanism, turn on the first motor, the output end of the first motor drives the first threaded rod to rotate, the rotation of the first threaded rod drives the telescopic platform to move, thereby controlling the ballast box to extend from inside the buoyancy control shell; Step 3: The telescopic platform drives the first gear to rotate, and the first gear meshes with the transmission rack. The transmission rack is fixed on the retractable shell. The rotation of the first gear drives the second threaded rod to rotate, and the second threaded rod causes the moving block to slide in the limiting groove, thereby causing the friction head to continuously approach and press against the friction wall. As the extension length of the ballast box increases, the friction between the ballast box and the buoyancy control shell increases simultaneously, ensuring the stability of the ballast box in the face of severe weather. Step 4: After placement, start the survey and sampling mechanism to survey the water body. When encountering severe weather such as strong winds, if the device is at risk of overturning, the anti-overturning mechanism will ensure the overall stability of the device. After the survey is completed, start the first motor in reverse, so that the first threaded rod rotates in the opposite direction, which drives the telescopic platform to move in the opposite direction, thereby controlling the ballast box to retract into the buoyancy control shell, reducing the size of the device, and carrying it back for recovery.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 10. In this invention, the ballast box is large in volume to ensure buoyancy, which makes it inconvenient to carry. However, the buoyancy control shell has a storage space inside. When not in use, the ballast box retracts inside the buoyancy control shell, thereby effectively reducing the overall volume of the device and making it easier for personnel to carry. When in use, simply start the first motor to drive the first threaded rod to rotate. The rotation of the first threaded rod drives the telescopic platform to move, thereby causing the ballast box to extend out from inside the buoyancy control shell. During the movement of the ballast box, the telescopic platform simultaneously drives the moving block to move to both sides. The movement of the moving block can drive the friction head to move closer to the friction wall. As the ballast box continues to extend, the friction head moves synchronously towards the friction wall to press down, effectively increasing the friction between the ballast box and the buoyancy control shell. This improves the stability of the ballast box in the face of severe weather and avoids the overall stability of the device from decreasing due to the impact of waves on the ballast box.

[0016] 11. In this invention, an anti-tipping mechanism is provided at the bottom of the ballast tank. When the device tilts to one side due to the water in rivers and lakes during severe weather, the second motor can be started to drive the fourth and fifth gears to rotate. The rotation of the fourth and fifth gears can drive the movable baffle to move. The movement of the movable baffle can control the opening and closing of the bottom of the ballast tank, which is convenient for adjusting the water content inside the ballast tank. The drainage pump provided at the top of the ballast tank can drain the water inside the ballast tank. When tilting, the water in the ballast tank on the corresponding side is drained to increase buoyancy and counteract the tilting torque. The bottom of the other side is opened to control the water inflow, forming asymmetrical buoyancy compensation and quickly restoring balance. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a convenient hydrological and water resources surveying device proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the overall structure of the device in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the buoyancy control shell in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the shrinkable shell in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shrinkable shell in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the linkage housing in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first internal structure of the control housing in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second internal structure of the control housing in this invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Buoyancy control shell; 2. Ballast tank; 3. Energy-absorbing plate; 4. Drainage pump; 5. Sampling head; 6. Telescopic pipe; 7. Detection device; 8. Electric telescopic rod; 9. Control shell; 10. Friction wall; 11. Retractable shell; 12. First motor; 13. First threaded rod; 14. Friction head; 15. Moving block; 16. Telescopic platform; 17. Limiting slide rail; 18. Transmission rack; 19. First gear; 20. Linkage shell; 21. Second threaded rod; 22. Limiting slide groove; 23. Second motor; 24. Movable baffle; 25. Second gear; 26. Third gear; 27. Fourth gear; 28. Fifth gear. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 like Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention proposes a convenient hydrological and water resources surveying device, including a buoyancy control shell 1, a surveying and sampling mechanism, an anti-overturning mechanism, and a shrinking and fixing mechanism. The shrinking and fixing mechanism includes a shrinking shell 11 fixedly connected inside the buoyancy control shell 1. A first motor 12 is provided on one side of the shrinking shell 11, and a first threaded rod 13 is provided at the output end of the first motor 12. The first threaded rod 13 is rotatably connected to the shrinking shell 11. A telescopic platform 16 is threadedly connected to the first threaded rod 13. The telescopic platform 16 is fixedly connected to the ballast box 2. The ballast box 2 is slidably connected to the buoyancy control shell 1. An energy-absorbing plate 3 is fixedly connected to the side of the ballast box 2 away from the buoyancy control shell 1. A first gear 19 is rotatably connected to one side of the telescopic platform 16. The first gear 19 is rotatably connected to a transmission rack 18. The transmission rack 18 is fixedly connected to the shrinking shell 11. A second threaded rod 21 is fixedly connected to the first gear 19. Rod 21 is threadedly connected to a moving block 15. A friction head 14 is fixedly connected to the end of the moving block 15 away from the first gear 19. A friction wall 10 is fixedly connected inside the buoyancy control shell 1 near the friction head 14. When the device is not in use, the ballast box 2 retracts inside the buoyancy control shell 1. During use, the first motor 12 is started to drive the first threaded rod 13 to rotate. The rotation of the first threaded rod 13 drives the telescopic platform 16 to move, thereby controlling the ballast box 2 to extend from inside the buoyancy control shell 1. At the same time as the ballast box 2 extends, the telescopic platform 16 simultaneously drives the moving block 15 to move, so that the friction head 14 continuously approaches and presses against the friction wall 10. As the extension length of the ballast box 2 increases, the friction between the ballast box 2 and the buoyancy control shell 1 increases synchronously, ensuring the stability of the ballast box 2 in the face of severe weather. This design achieves dynamic adjustment of stability through mechanical linkage, effectively improving the applicability of the device in complex environments.

[0021] A limiting slide rail 17 is fixedly connected inside the retractable housing 11. The limiting slide rail 17 is slidably connected to the telescopic platform 16. The design of the limiting slide rail 17 ensures the straightness of the telescopic platform 16 during movement and prevents deviation. A linkage housing 20 is fixedly connected to one side of the telescopic platform 16. A limiting slide groove 22 is fixedly connected inside the linkage housing 20. The limiting slide groove 22 is slidably connected to the moving block 15. The combined design of the linkage housing 20 and the limiting slide groove 22 makes the movement of the moving block 15 more stable and improves the reliability of the device.

[0022] In this embodiment, the ballast box 2 is generally designed to be large in size in order to ensure the buoyancy of the device, which makes it inconvenient to carry. However, the buoyancy control shell 1 has a storage space inside, and the ballast box 2 can be retracted inside the buoyancy control shell 1 when not in use, thereby effectively reducing the overall size of the device and making it easier for personnel to carry. When the device is in use, the first motor 12 is started to drive the first threaded rod 13 to rotate. The rotation of the first threaded rod 13 can drive the threaded telescopic platform 16 to move. During the movement of the telescopic platform 16, the sliding limit rail 17 can ensure its stability during movement. The movement of the telescopic platform 16 can drive the fixedly connected ballast box 2 to extend out from inside the buoyancy control shell 1.

[0023] During the movement of the ballast box 2, the telescopic platform 16 synchronously drives the first gear 19, which is rotatably connected, to drive the transmission rack 18. The first gear 19 rotates during the transmission, which in turn drives the second threaded rod 21, which is fixedly connected, to rotate. The rotation of the second threaded rod 21 drives the threaded moving block 15 to move to both sides. During the movement of the moving block 15, the limiting grooves 22, which are slidably connected on both sides, can ensure the stability of the moving block 15 during movement. The movement of the moving block 15 can drive the friction head 14 to move closer to the friction wall 10. As the ballast box 2 extends, the friction head 14 moves and presses against the friction wall 10 synchronously, which effectively improves the friction between the ballast box 2 and the buoyancy control shell 1. Moreover, as the extension area of ​​the ballast box 2 increases, the friction force increases synchronously, thereby ensuring the stability of the ballast box 2 in the face of severe weather and avoiding the impact of water waves on the ballast box 2, which would cause a decrease in the overall stability of the device.

[0024] Example 2 like Figures 1-8 As shown, the survey and sampling mechanism includes a detection device 7 installed on the upper part of the buoyancy control shell 1. A sampling head 5 is installed at the bottom of the detection device 7. Water samples are collected through the sampling head 5 and sent to the detection device 7 for testing. This design enables the device to acquire and test water samples in real time, providing accurate data support for hydrological and water resource research. An electric telescopic rod 8 is installed at the lower part of the buoyancy control shell 1. A telescopic tube 6 is installed at the output end of the electric telescopic rod 8. The sampling head 5 is installed at the bottom of the telescopic tube 6. The detection device 7 is installed at the end of the telescopic tube 6 away from the sampling head 5. The combined design of the electric telescopic rod 8, the telescopic tube 6 and the sampling head 5 allows the device to adjust the sampling depth as needed, improving the flexibility and accuracy of sampling.

[0025] The anti-overturning mechanism includes a control housing 9 fixedly connected to the bottom of the ballast tank 2 and a drainage pump 4 installed on the upper part of the ballast tank 2. Through the combined design of the ballast tank 2, control housing 9, and drainage pump 4, the device can remain stable in the event of severe weather or water flow impact, preventing overturning. A second motor 23 is installed inside the control housing 9, and a second gear 25 is installed at the output end of the second motor 23. The second gear 25 is rotatably connected to the control housing 9. The design of the second motor 23 and the second gear 25 provides power support for the anti-overturning mechanism, enabling the device to make rapid adjustments according to the actual situation. A fourth gear 27 is meshed on one side of the second gear 25, and the fourth gear 27 is connected to the control housing 9. A rotating connection is made between the second gear 25 and the third gear 26 on the side away from the fourth gear 27. The third gear 26 is connected to the fifth gear 28, which is rotatably connected to the control housing 9. Through the complex meshing design of the second gear 25, the fourth gear 27, the third gear 26, and the fifth gear 28, the anti-tipping mechanism is precisely controlled, improving the stability and safety of the device. The fourth gear 27 and the fifth gear 28 are connected to a movable baffle 24, which is slidably connected to the control housing 9. The design of the movable baffle 24 allows the anti-tipping mechanism to respond more flexibly to various situations during adjustment, further improving the stability and adaptability of the device.

[0026] In this embodiment, the electric telescopic rod 8 can drive the telescopic tube 6 to extend and retract, thereby adjusting the water sampling depth of the sampling head 5. The sampling head 5 can send the extracted water sample into the detection device 7 for detection. When the device tilts to one side due to the water in rivers and lakes in severe weather, the second motor 23 can be started to drive the second gear 25 to rotate. The rotation of the second gear 25 can drive the meshing third gear 26 and fourth gear 27 to rotate. The rotation of the third gear 26 can drive the meshing fifth gear 28 to rotate. The rotation of the fourth gear 27 and fifth gear 28 can drive the movable baffle 24 to move. The movement of the movable baffle 24 can control the opening and closing of the bottom of the ballast tank 2, which is convenient for adjusting the water content inside the ballast tank 2. The drainage pump 4 set on the upper part of the ballast tank 2 can drain the water inside the ballast tank 2. When tilting, the water in the ballast tank 2 on the corresponding side is drained to increase buoyancy and counteract the tilting torque. The bottom of the other side is controlled to open, thereby controlling the water to enter, forming asymmetrical buoyancy compensation and quickly restoring balance.

[0027] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A portable hydrological and water resources surveying device, comprising a buoyancy control shell (1), characterized in that, A survey and sampling mechanism is provided on the upper part of the buoyancy control shell (1). A retractable shell (11) is fixedly connected inside the buoyancy control shell (1). A first motor (12) is provided on one side of the retractable shell (11). A first threaded rod (13) is provided at the output end of the first motor (12). The first threaded rod (13) is rotatably connected to the retractable shell (11). The first threaded rod (13) is threadedly connected to a telescopic platform (16). The telescopic platform (16) is fixedly connected to the ballast tank (2). An anti-overturning mechanism is provided on the upper part of the ballast tank (2). The ballast tank (2) is slidably connected to the buoyancy control shell (1). An energy-absorbing plate (3) is fixedly connected to the side away from the buoyancy control shell (1). A first gear (19) is rotatably connected to one side of the telescopic platform (16). The first gear (19) is rotatably connected to the transmission rack (18). The transmission rack (18) is fixedly connected to the retractable shell (11). A second threaded rod (21) is fixedly connected to the first gear (19). A moving block (15) is threadedly connected to the second threaded rod (21). A friction head (14) is fixedly connected to the end of the moving block (15) away from the first gear (19). A friction wall (10) is fixedly connected inside the buoyancy control shell (1) near the friction head (14).

2. The portable hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shrinkable shell (11) is fixedly connected to a limiting slide rail (17), and the limiting slide rail (17) is slidably connected to the telescopic platform (16).

3. The portable hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic platform (16) is fixedly connected to a linkage housing (20) on one side. A limiting slide groove (22) is fixedly connected inside the linkage housing (20). The limiting slide groove (22) is slidably connected to the moving block (15).

4. The portable hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The survey and sampling mechanism includes a detection device (7) set on the upper part of the buoyancy control shell (1). A sampling head (5) is set at the bottom of the detection device (7). Water samples are collected through the sampling head (5) and sent to the detection device (7) for testing.

5. A portable hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower part of the buoyancy control shell (1) is provided with an electric telescopic rod (8), the output end of the electric telescopic rod (8) is provided with a telescopic tube (6), the bottom of the telescopic tube (6) is provided with a sampling head (5), and the end of the telescopic tube (6) away from the sampling head (5) is provided with a detection device (7).

6. A portable hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-overturning mechanism includes a control housing (9) fixedly connected to the bottom of the ballast tank (2) and a drainage pump (4) installed on the upper part of the ballast tank (2).

7. A portable hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control housing (9) is equipped with a second motor (23), and the output end of the second motor (23) is equipped with a second gear (25). The second gear (25) is rotatably connected to the control housing (9).

8. A portable hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second gear (25) is meshed with a fourth gear (27) on one side, and the fourth gear (27) is rotatably connected to the control housing (9). The second gear (25) is meshed with a third gear (26) on the side away from the fourth gear (27), and the third gear (26) is meshed with a fifth gear (28), and the fifth gear (28) is rotatably connected to the control housing (9).

9. A portable hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fourth gear (27) and the fifth gear (28) are meshed with a movable baffle (24), which is slidably connected to the control housing (9).

10. The method of using a portable hydrological and water resources surveying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: When the device is not in use, the ballast box (2) is retracted inside the buoyancy control shell (1). At this time, the overall volume of the device is small, and personnel can carry and transport it to the target survey water area. Step 2: Place the device on the surface of the target water area, start the relevant components of the retraction and fixing mechanism, turn on the first motor (12), the output end of the first motor (12) drives the first threaded rod (13) to rotate, the rotation of the first threaded rod (13) drives the telescopic platform (16) to move, thereby controlling the ballast box (2) to extend out from the buoyancy control shell (1); Step 3: The telescopic platform (16) drives the first gear (19) to rotate. The first gear (19) meshes with the transmission rack (18) for transmission. The transmission rack (18) is fixed on the shrink shell (11). The rotation of the first gear (19) drives the second threaded rod (21) to rotate. The second threaded rod (21) causes the moving block (15) to slide in the limiting slide groove (22), thereby causing the friction head (14) to continuously approach and press the friction wall (10). As the extension length of the ballast box (2) increases, the friction between the ballast box (2) and the buoyancy control shell (1) increases synchronously, ensuring the stability of the ballast box (2) in the face of severe weather. Step 4: After placement, start the survey and sampling mechanism to survey the water body. When encountering severe weather such as strong winds, the device is at risk of overturning. The anti-overturning mechanism ensures the overall stability of the device. After the survey is completed, start the first motor (12) in reverse, so that the first threaded rod (13) rotates in reverse, driving the telescopic platform (16) to move in reverse, thereby controlling the ballast box (2) to retract into the buoyancy control shell (1), reducing the size of the device, and carrying it back for recovery.

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