Adsorption separation device for heavy metal polluted water body

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly discloses an adsorption separation device for heavy metal polluted water, which is characterized in that one end of a main shaft is provided with a water inlet mechanism and a driving mechanism for driving the main shaft to rotate, and the other end is provided with an adsorption particle supplementing mechanism; the inner filtering interception layer sleeves the outer side of the main shaft; the scraping mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the inner filtering and intercepting layer and is matched with the main shaft; the outer side of the inner filtering and intercepting layer is sleeved with the outer pervious layer, and an adsorption particle filling layer is formed between the inner filtering and intercepting layer and the outer pervious layer; the collecting mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the external permeable layer; the drainage pipe is communicated with the collecting mechanism; the impurity leaking mechanism is arranged at one end, close to the adsorption particle supplementing mechanism, of the inner filtering interception layer and is used for continuously discharging impurities pushed by the scraping mechanism; the particle leakage piece is arranged at one end, far away from the adsorption particle supplementing mechanism, of the adsorption particle filling layer. According to the invention, on-line separation and discharge of impurities and saturated particles are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically to an adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water. Background Technology

[0002] Engineering treatment of water bodies contaminated with heavy metals typically employs adsorption combined with filtration or solid-liquid separation units for purification. However, existing adsorption devices are mostly fixed-bed, cartridge-type, or box-type structures, which generally suffer from the problem of adsorbed particles gradually becoming saturated during operation, leading to a decline in effluent quality and requiring shutdown for replacement or regeneration, making continuous operation difficult. Simultaneously, actual water bodies often contain silt, suspended solids, or flocs, which easily accumulate at the filtration interface, forming a filter cake layer and causing a continuous increase in pressure drop, reduced flux, or even blockage, resulting in frequent maintenance and increased energy consumption. Furthermore, traditional devices have a single water distribution method, which easily leads to localized scouring, channeling, or short-circuiting, resulting in low adsorption bed utilization and fluctuating heavy metal removal efficiency. In the stages of "filtration and impurity removal—adsorption removal—sludge discharge—feeding—discarding saturated particles," most systems rely on manual or intermittent operation, making it difficult to achieve online separation and discharge of impurities and saturated particles, thus limiting continuous treatment capacity, stability, and engineering adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water, the main purpose of which is to achieve online separation and discharge of impurities and saturated particles.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides an adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water, comprising: The main shaft has a water inlet mechanism and a drive mechanism for driving the main shaft to rotate at one end, and an adsorption particle replenishment mechanism at the other end. An inner filter interception layer fitted on the outside of the main shaft; A scraping mechanism located inside the inner filter interception layer and cooperating with the main shaft; An external permeation layer is sleeved on the outside of the inner filter interception layer, and an adsorbent particle filling layer is formed between the inner filter interception layer and the external permeation layer; A collection mechanism located outside the outer permeable layer and a drain pipe connected to the collection mechanism; An impurity leakage mechanism is provided at one end of the inner filter interception layer near the adsorption particle replenishment mechanism to continuously discharge the impurities pushed by the scraping mechanism. A particle leakage component is provided at the end of the adsorbent particle filling layer away from the adsorbent particle replenishment mechanism. The particle leakage component has a discard particle leakage hole for discharging saturated adsorbent particles. A discard particle collection container is provided below the discard particle leakage hole.

[0005] In one feasible implementation, the water inlet mechanism includes a connector communicating with the end of the main shaft, a rotating seal disposed on the connector, and an external water supply pipe communicating with the rotating seal; the end and inner side of the main shaft are provided with multiple dispersed water injection channels.

[0006] In one feasible implementation, the scraping mechanism includes a plurality of fixing rings sleeved on the main shaft, a support rod disposed on the outside of each fixing ring, and an impurity scraping spiral blade fixed to the outer end of the support rod, wherein the outer end of the impurity scraping spiral blade is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the inner filter interception layer.

[0007] In one feasible implementation, the impurity leakage mechanism includes an inner fixed cylinder connected to the end of the inner filter interception layer, a plurality of hollow outwardly discharging members circumferentially disposed on the inner fixed cylinder, and an outer fixed cylinder sleeved on the outside of the outwardly discharging members. The distal end of the inner fixed cylinder is closed, and the outwardly discharging members communicate with the inner cavity of the inner fixed cylinder.

[0008] In one feasible implementation, a channel for supplementing adsorbed particles into the adsorbed particle filling layer is formed between the outer fixed cylinder, the outward guide member, and the inner fixed cylinder; the end of the outer fixed cylinder is provided with a particle guide cover that gradually tightens towards the adsorbed particle filling layer, and an extrusion feeding channel is formed between the particle guide cover and the inner fixed cylinder.

[0009] In one feasible embodiment, the adsorption particle replenishment mechanism includes a spiral conveying blade disposed on the main shaft and a feed cover plate disposed above the spiral conveying blade, wherein the spiral direction of the spiral conveying blade is opposite to the spiral direction of the impurity scraping spiral blade in the scraping mechanism.

[0010] In one feasible implementation, the effluent hole for discarded particles is a non-circular hole.

[0011] In one feasible implementation, the inner filter interception layer is a wedge-shaped wire mesh, a sintered filter cartridge, or a porous plate structure.

[0012] In one feasible implementation, the outer permeation layer is a composite layer consisting of a support mesh and a permeation membrane or filter cloth.

[0013] In one feasible implementation, the rotating seal is a mechanical seal or a rotary joint.

[0014] This application provides an adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water, which achieves continuous closed-loop operation through structural coordination driven by the rotation of the main shaft, including dispersed water distribution, online scraping and slag removal on the inner wall, continuous replenishment and compaction of the adsorption bed, online elimination and collection of saturated particles, and external infiltration and drainage collection. Firstly, the dispersed water injection channels allow the incoming water to enter the filtration and adsorption areas evenly, reducing channel flow short-circuiting and improving bed utilization. Secondly, the scraping mechanism continuously scrapes and spirally pushes impurities against the inner wall of the inner filter interception layer, and then continuously discharges them through the impurity leakage mechanism, which significantly inhibits blockage and abnormal pressure drop, and stabilizes the device throughput. Third, the adsorption particle replenishment mechanism, in conjunction with the guide extrusion channel, enables non-stop material replenishment and bed compaction, maintaining effective adsorption capacity and reducing efficiency fluctuations caused by bed looseness. Fourth, the particle leakage component allows saturated particles to be discharged online and collected in a concentrated manner, avoiding the need to stop and replace the machine due to particle saturation, thus maintaining a stable heavy metal removal effect during long-term operation. Meanwhile, the reuse of the slag discharge and feeding channels helps to simplify the system, reduce the complexity of sealing and maintenance, and improve reliability, giving the device significant advantages in terms of continuity, anti-clogging, effluent stability, and engineering applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water provided in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 2 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an outward-delivering component provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This paper shows a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner filtration interception layer, the adsorption particle filling layer and the outer permeation layer provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 Enlarged view of section A in the image; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the scraping mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the decentralized water injection channel provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0016] In the diagram: 10. Main shaft; 20. Water inlet mechanism; 30. Scraping mechanism; 40. Inner filter interception layer; 50. Adsorbed particle filling layer; 60. Outer permeation layer; 70. Particle leakage component; 80. Impurity leakage mechanism; 90. Adsorbed particle replenishment mechanism; 100. Collection mechanism; 200. Discarded particle collection container; 300. Drive mechanism; 21. Connector; 22. Dispersed water injection channel; 23. Rotary seal; 24. External water supply pipe; 31. Fixing ring; 32. Support rod; 33. Impurity scraping spiral blade; 71. Discarded particle leakage hole; 81. Inner fixed cylinder; 82. Outward guide component; 83. Outer fixed cylinder; 84. Particle guide cover; 85. Extrusion feeding channel; 91. Spiral conveyor blade; 92. Feed cover. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To better understand the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of this specification and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of this specification. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this specification and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0018] In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The term "two or more" includes two or more cases.

[0019] Please see Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, this application provides an adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water, including: a main shaft 10 with a water inlet mechanism 20 and a drive mechanism 300 for driving the main shaft 10 to rotate at one end, and an adsorption particle replenishment mechanism 90 at the other end; an inner filter interception layer 40 sleeved on the outside of the main shaft 10; a scraping mechanism 30 disposed inside the inner filter interception layer 40 and cooperating with the main shaft 10; and an outer permeation layer 60 sleeved on the outside of the inner filter interception layer 40, with an adsorption particle filling layer 50 formed between the inner filter interception layer 40 and the outer permeation layer 60. The following are provided: a collection mechanism 100 located outside the outer permeation layer 60 and a drain pipe connected to the collection mechanism 100; an impurity leakage mechanism 80 located at the end of the inner filter interception layer 40 near the adsorption particle replenishment mechanism 90, for continuously discharging the impurities pushed by the scraping mechanism 30; a particle leakage component 70 located at the end of the adsorption particle filling layer 50 away from the adsorption particle replenishment mechanism 90, the particle leakage component 70 having a discarded particle leakage hole 71 for discharging saturated adsorption particles, and a discarded particle collection container 200 located below the discarded particle leakage hole 71.

[0020] This embodiment provides a continuous adsorption separation device for water bodies contaminated with heavy metals. The device uses a main shaft 10 as its core component. One end of the main shaft 10 receives the water to be treated through an inlet mechanism 20 and is driven to rotate by a drive mechanism 300. The other end of the main shaft 10 is equipped with an adsorption particle replenishment mechanism 90, which continuously replenishes new adsorption particles during device operation, thereby maintaining the adsorption capacity without decaying over time. An inner filtration interception layer 40 and an outer permeation layer 60 are sequentially fitted around the outside of the main shaft 10, forming an adsorption particle filling layer 50 between them. This allows the water to first have suspended impurities removed by the inner filtration interception layer 40, then enter the particle filling layer to fully contact the adsorption particles and remove heavy metals, and finally permeate through the outer permeation layer 60 to the outer collection mechanism 100 and be discharged as purified water through a drain pipe. To address the two core engineering challenges of easy clogging of the filter surface and easy saturation of the adsorption bed, this invention further includes a scraping mechanism 30 located inside the inner filter interception layer 40 and cooperating with the main shaft 10. When the main shaft 10 rotates, the scraping mechanism 30 continuously scrapes and pushes away impurities from the inner filter wall. The impurities are then continuously discharged by the impurity leakage mechanism 80 near the feeding end, achieving self-cleaning without stopping the machine. At the same time, a particle leakage component 70 is provided on the side of the adsorption particle filling layer 50 away from the feeding end. The discarded particle leakage hole 71 on it is used to discharge saturated adsorption particles online and fall into the discarded particle collection container 200, thereby forming a dynamic bed renewal mechanism of feeding, compaction, renewal, and discarding, ensuring that the adsorption efficiency and hydraulic flux remain stable during long-term continuous operation.

[0021] like Figure 7As shown, in some examples, the water inlet mechanism 20 further includes a connector 21 communicating with the end of the main shaft 10, a rotating seal 23 disposed on the connector 21, and an external water supply pipe 24 communicating with the rotating seal 23; the end and inner side of the main shaft 10 are provided with a plurality of dispersed water injection channels 22.

[0022] Based on the overall structure described above, to achieve stable water intake and uniform water distribution even during rotation, the water intake mechanism 20 in this embodiment is connected to the end of the main shaft 10 via a connector 21, allowing water to enter the internal flow channel of the main shaft 10. A rotating seal 23 is provided on the connector 21 and connected to the external water supply pipe 24. In principle, the relative movement between the stationary water supply end and the rotating main shaft 10 end is isolated by a rotating seal / rotary joint structure, avoiding leakage, seepage, or unstable water intake caused by rotation. Furthermore, multiple dispersed water injection channels 22 are opened at the end and inside of the main shaft 10. The purpose of this arrangement is to release the water entering the main shaft 10 into the inner filter interception layer 40 area in a multi-point and dispersed manner, reducing the local scouring of the filter layer by a single high-speed jet, reducing local pressure concentration, and suppressing channeling and short-circuiting phenomena caused by uneven water distribution. This allows subsequent water to pass through the adsorption particle filling layer 50 more evenly, thereby improving the overall adsorption utilization rate and the stability of the effluent water quality.

[0023] like Figure 7 As shown, in some examples, the scraping mechanism 30 further includes a plurality of fixing rings 31 sleeved on the main shaft 10, a support rod 32 disposed on the outside of each fixing ring 31, and an impurity scraping spiral blade 33 fixed to the outer end of the support rod 32, the outer end of the impurity scraping spiral blade 33 being tightly fitted to the inner wall of the inner filter interception layer 40.

[0024] To achieve the necessary mechanism for online decontamination and directional conveying of the filter surface, the scraping mechanism 30 in this embodiment employs multiple fixing rings 31 sleeved on the main shaft 10 to form multi-level support along the axial direction and maintain rotational concentricity. Each fixing ring 31 has a support rod 32 on its outer side to radially support the scraping component to the vicinity of the inner wall of the inner filter interception layer 40. The outer end of the support rod 32 is fixed with an impurity scraping spiral blade 33, ensuring its outer end is tightly fitted against the inner wall of the inner filter interception layer 40. The principle is as follows: when suspended impurities in the water form deposits or filter cakes on the surface of the inner filter interception layer 40, it leads to an increase in pressure and a decrease in flux. When the main shaft 10 rotates under the action of the drive mechanism 300, the spiral blade continuously scrapes against the wall, breaking down the deposit layer and peeling impurities from the filter surface. Simultaneously, due to the axial pushing effect of the spiral structure, the peeled impurities are conveyed along the spiral direction to a preset discharge end, thus coupling scraping and conveying into a continuous process, avoiding intermittent operation and efficiency fluctuations caused by traditional backwashing / shutdown cleaning.

[0025] like Figure 3As shown, in some examples, the impurity leakage mechanism 80 further includes an inner fixed cylinder 81 connected to the end of the inner filter interception layer 40, a plurality of hollow outward guide members 82 circumferentially disposed on the inner fixed cylinder 81, and an outer fixed cylinder 83 sleeved on the outside of the outward guide members 82. The distal end of the inner fixed cylinder 81 is closed, and the outward guide members 82 communicate with the inner cavity of the inner fixed cylinder 81.

[0026] To ensure reliable discharge of scraped and pushed impurities without shutting down the system, the impurity discharge mechanism 80 in this embodiment is a combination of an inner fixed cylinder 81, outward-directing components 82, and an outer fixed cylinder 83. The inner fixed cylinder 81 is connected to the end of the inner filter interception layer 40 and its distal end is sealed, allowing impurities to preferentially flow into the closed collection cavity formed by the inner fixed cylinder 81 after being pushed to this end by the spiral blade. Multiple hollow outward-directing components 82 are arranged circumferentially around the inner fixed cylinder 81 and are connected to the inner cavity of the inner fixed cylinder 81. This provides a multi-channel radial outward discharge path, reducing the risk of blockage at a single discharge port and improving the continuity of discharge. The outer fixed cylinder 83 serves as the outer shell and bearing space for the outward-directing components, allowing impurities to be discharged from the inner cavity to the outer area and centrally discharged. The discharge end often bears a high solids load; using circumferential multi-point discharge can significantly improve fault tolerance. At the same time, isolating the water path and discharge path by the inner and outer cylinders can reduce impurity backflow and secondary pollution, ensuring the stability of the filtration and adsorption process.

[0027] like Figure 5 As shown, in some examples, further, a channel for supplementing adsorbed particles into the adsorbed particle filling layer 50 is formed between the outer fixed cylinder 83, the outward guide member 82 and the inner fixed cylinder 81; the end of the outer fixed cylinder 83 is provided with a particle guide cover 84 that gradually tightens towards the adsorbed particle filling layer 50, and an extrusion feeding channel 85 is formed between the particle guide cover 84 and the inner fixed cylinder 81.

[0028] This embodiment further designs the space between the outer fixed cylinder 83, the outward-guiding component 82, and the inner fixed cylinder 81 as a channel for supplementing adsorbed particles into the adsorbed particle filling layer 50. This design aims to achieve structural reuse and process coupling: the same end structure serves both as an impurity discharge point and as a channel for new adsorbed particles to enter the bed, thereby reducing independent feeding pipelines, simplifying sealing and assembly, and improving reliability. Simultaneously, a particle guide cover 84, gradually tapering towards the adsorbed particle filling layer 50, is provided at the end of the outer fixed cylinder 83. The cover and the inner fixed cylinder 81 form a compression feeding channel 85. The principle behind this is to utilize the tapering channel to directionally compact and shape the newly entering particles: on the one hand, it can suppress localized loosening, bridging, or voids in the bed caused by feeding, reducing channeling / short-circuit risks; on the other hand, it can increase the bed packing density, allowing water to achieve a more stable pore distribution and contact time when passing through the filling layer, thereby improving heavy metal adsorption efficiency and stabilizing the device pressure drop. This is a key guarantee for achieving continuous adsorption.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, in some examples, the adsorption particle replenishment mechanism 90 further includes a spiral conveying blade 91 disposed on the main shaft 10 and a feed cover plate 92 disposed above the spiral conveying blade 91, the spiral direction of the spiral conveying blade 91 being opposite to the spiral direction of the impurity scraping spiral blade 33 in the scraping mechanism 30.

[0030] To enable the adsorption particle replenishment mechanism 90 to rotate with the main shaft 10 and form a stable and controllable online replenishment capability, this embodiment sets a spiral conveying blade 91 on the main shaft 10 and a feed cover 92 above the blade. The purpose of the feed cover 92 is to temporarily store, guide, and prevent the newly replenished particles from scattering, so that the particles can be captured by the spiral blade in a stable material layer and enter the replenishment channel; the spiral conveying blade 91 uses the axial conveying principle of the rotating spiral to continuously push the particles to the designated position and enter the adsorption particle filling layer 50, thereby realizing replenishment without stopping the machine. It is particularly important that the spiral direction of the spiral conveying blade 91 is opposite to the spiral direction of the impurity scraping spiral blade 33 in the scraping mechanism 30. The purpose of this setting is to form opposing synergy under the same rotation drive. While impurities are pushed towards the impurity discharge end by the spiral cutter, new particles are pushed towards the bed feeding end by the spiral blades. The two solid streams do not interfere with each other and are in opposite directions. This mechanism avoids the mixing of impurities and new particles at the end and reduces the probability of impurities intruding into the feeding end, thereby improving the smoothness of slag discharge and the effectiveness of feeding, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the dynamic bed renewal mechanism.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in some examples, the discarded particle discharge hole 71 is further designed to be a non-circular hole. In this embodiment, the discarded particle discharge hole 71 is defined as a non-circular hole. The purpose of this design is not merely a change in form, but rather based on the comprehensive needs of particle discharge control and mechanism arrangement. Compared to circular holes, non-circular holes, such as semi-circular or dot-shaped discharge ports, can provide a more directional opening boundary, making saturated adsorbed particles more inclined to be discharged along a preset direction under the action of gravity and bed pushing. This helps to reduce the rolling self-locking and arching phenomenon of particles at the opening, thereby improving discharge stability. At the same time, non-circular openings can also reserve geometric clearance space for the transmission, support, or sealing structure at the end of the drive mechanism 300 and the main shaft 10, so that the end structure can achieve coaxial arrangement and functional integration under compact conditions, avoiding structural conflicts caused by the symmetrical occupation of circular holes.

[0032] In some examples, the inner filter interception layer 40 is further categorized as a wedge-shaped wire mesh, a sintered filter cartridge, or a porous plate structure. This embodiment limits the inner filter interception layer 40 to be a wedge-shaped wire mesh, a sintered filter cartridge, or a porous plate structure. This is to ensure that the filter interception layer possesses both the engineering properties of effectively trapping suspended impurities and being suitable for wall-mounted scraping. Wedge-shaped wire mesh, with its wedge-shaped slits, is less prone to deep clogging under external scraping or fluid shearing, making it suitable for continuous scraping operations. Sintered filter cartridges have a stable pore structure and high strength, making them suitable for intercepting finer particulate impurities and able to withstand higher pressure differentials. Porous plate structures are easy to process, have good rigidity, and are easy to connect to the end cylinder to form a stable cylindrical inner wall. Limiting the filter layer to one of the above essentially provides a range of material / structure options that can achieve the linkage mechanism of filtration interception and rotary scraping: ensuring both the necessary interception capacity for suspended solids in the influent and ensuring that its inner wall can be reliably scraped by the spiral blade and is wear-resistant over a long period of time, thus avoiding scraping failure, increased clogging, or structural damage caused by improper filter layer selection.

[0033] In some examples, the outer permeation layer 60 is further defined as a composite layer consisting of a support mesh and a permeation membrane or filter cloth. In this embodiment, the outer permeation layer 60 is specifically defined as a composite layer consisting of a support mesh and a permeation membrane or filter cloth. Its purpose is to form a boundary outside the adsorbent particle filling layer 50 that is both permeable to water and confines the particles. Since adsorbent particles typically have a certain particle size distribution and abrasion-generating characteristics, if the outer boundary only uses a structure with insufficient strength or excessively large pore size, particle leakage, powder entrainment, or boundary deformation can easily occur, affecting the effluent water quality and the lifespan of the device. Therefore, a support mesh is used to provide structural strength and compressive strength, while the permeation membrane / filter cloth provides fine interception and a uniform permeation interface, allowing the adsorbed water to pass smoothly through and flow into the collection mechanism 100, while reliably confining the adsorbed particles within the filling layer. This composite layer structure is necessary for maintaining the geometric stability of the bed, reducing particle loss, and stabilizing the effluent turbidity. It is also a key configuration for achieving continuous operation and engineering durability.

[0034] In some examples, the rotating seal 23 is further defined as a mechanical seal or a rotary joint. In this embodiment, the rotating seal 23 is limited to a mechanical seal or a rotary joint to clarify the sealing and durability capabilities that the water inlet mechanism 20 must possess under relative motion conditions. Mechanical seals typically form a sealing interface by fitting the end faces of the dynamic and static rings together. They are suitable for continuous rotation within a certain pressure range, can better control leakage, and are compatible with water media containing certain impurities. Rotary joints, on the other hand, typically achieve fluid transfer between the rotating body and the stationary pipeline through an internal bearing and seal combination. They are characterized by convenient installation and maintenance and compatibility with different interface forms. The technical significance of considering both as alternative solutions lies in the fact that different application scenarios (such as water pressure, temperature, solid content, and maintenance cycle requirements) have different adaptability to the sealing form. By limiting the selectable sealing type, the necessary technical effects of rotating water inlet (leakage prevention, flow stabilization, and wear resistance) are ensured, while leaving reasonable space for engineering selection during industrialization, thereby improving the applicability and feasibility of the patented solution.

[0035] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water, characterized in that, include: The main shaft (10) has a water inlet mechanism (20) and a drive mechanism (300) for driving the main shaft to rotate at one end, and an adsorption particle replenishment mechanism (90) at the other end. An inner filter interception layer (40) is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft. A scraping mechanism (30) is provided inside the inner filter interception layer (40) and cooperates with the main shaft. An external permeation layer (60) is sleeved on the outside of the inner filter interception layer (40), and an adsorption particle filling layer (50) is formed between the inner filter interception layer (40) and the external permeation layer (60). A collection mechanism (100) located outside the outer permeable layer (60) and a drain pipe connected to the collection mechanism (100); An impurity leakage mechanism (80) is provided at one end of the inner filter interception layer (40) near the adsorption particle replenishment mechanism (90) to continuously discharge the impurities pushed by the scraping mechanism (30). A particle leakage component (70) is provided at the end of the adsorbent particle filling layer (50) away from the adsorbent particle replenishment mechanism (90). The particle leakage component (70) is provided with a discard particle leakage hole (71) for discharging saturated adsorbent particles. A discard particle collection container (200) is provided below the discard particle leakage hole (71).

2. The adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet mechanism (20) includes a connector (21) communicating with the end of the main shaft (10), a rotating seal (23) provided on the connector (21), and an external water supply pipe (24) communicating with the rotating seal (23); the end and inner side of the main shaft (10) are provided with multiple dispersed water injection channels (22).

3. The adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraping mechanism (30) includes a plurality of fixing rings (31) sleeved on the main shaft (10), a support rod (32) provided on the outside of each fixing ring (31), and an impurity scraping spiral blade (33) fixed to the outer end of the support rod (32). The outer end of the impurity scraping spiral blade (33) is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the inner filter interception layer (40).

4. The adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impurity leakage mechanism (80) includes an inner fixed cylinder (81) connected to the end of the inner filter interception layer (40), a plurality of hollow outward guides (82) circumferentially disposed on the inner fixed cylinder (81), and an outer fixed cylinder (83) sleeved on the outside of the outward guides (82). The far end of the inner fixed cylinder (81) is closed, and the outward guides (82) communicate with the inner cavity of the inner fixed cylinder (81).

5. The adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer fixed cylinder (83), the outward guide (82), and the inner fixed cylinder (81) form a channel for supplementing adsorbed particles into the adsorbed particle filling layer (50); the end of the outer fixed cylinder (83) is provided with a particle guide cover (84) that gradually tightens towards the adsorbed particle filling layer (50), and the particle guide cover (84) and the inner fixed cylinder (81) form an extrusion feeding channel (85).

6. The adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption particle replenishment mechanism (90) includes a spiral conveying blade (91) disposed on the main shaft (10) and a feed cover plate (92) disposed above the spiral conveying blade (91). The spiral direction of the spiral conveying blade (91) is opposite to the spiral direction of the impurity scraping spiral blade (33) in the scraping mechanism (30).

7. The adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge hole (71) for the discarded particles is a non-circular hole.

8. The adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner filter interception layer (40) is a wedge-shaped wire mesh, a sintered filter cartridge, or a porous plate structure.

9. The adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external permeation layer (60) is a composite layer consisting of a support mesh and a permeation membrane or filter cloth.

10. The adsorption and separation device for heavy metal polluted water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating seal (23) is a mechanical seal or a rotary joint.

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