Friction-wear simulation test device for bearing point contact pair
By designing a bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device, the problem of the inability to simulate and measure the friction and wear of bearing point contact pairs in the existing technology has been solved, realizing high-precision wear simulation and measurement, and supporting bearing design optimization and life prediction.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot effectively simulate and measure the friction and wear of bearing point contact pairs, especially the wear under elliptical point contact between the ball and the raceway, resulting in the inability to accurately analyze and predict the wear condition of the bearing.
A bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device was designed, including a horizontal worktable, an oil collector, a bearing inner ring drive mechanism, a lever fixing device, a ball assembly drive mechanism, a lubrication mechanism, and a data acquisition mechanism, which can simulate the friction and wear of bearings under different conditions and perform accurate measurements.
It achieves high-precision friction and wear simulation and measurement of bearing point contact pairs, provides accurate wear morphology evolution law, and provides reliable data support for bearing design optimization and life prediction.
Smart Images
Figure CN121655879A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing testing technology, specifically to a bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device. Background Technology
[0002] Friction and wear of bearing point contact pairs are important indicators affecting bearing stability during operation. The contact between the ball and the raceway is an elliptical point contact, and the wear of the raceway under this type of contact is complex and cannot be predicted by calculation. Currently, since there are more than one ball in a bearing, and the wear patterns and conditions caused by each ball on the raceway are different, it is necessary to analyze each elliptical point contact pair. However, the wear caused by each pair is cumulative, making it impossible to analyze the wear of each moving bearing individually. Moreover, the wear caused by different operating environments and times also varies, resulting in different data. Therefore, it is necessary to design a bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation device based on the force conditions of the inner ring and balls during bearing movement. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to propose a bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device. This device can effectively simulate and characterize the wear morphology evolution law of the contact area between the steel ball and the raceway after long-term operation, thereby providing accurate and reliable data support for bearing design optimization and life prediction.
[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device, comprising: Horizontal worktable; An oil collector is installed on the horizontal worktable, and a bearing inner ring is provided inside it. The bearing inner ring drive mechanism is located outside the oil collector and is used to drive the bearing inner ring to rotate around its own axis. A lever fixing device is installed on the horizontal workbench; The fixed plate assembly is connected to the movable end of the lever fixing device and is capable of rotating laterally and vertically relative to the axis of the inner ring of the bearing. A ball assembly drive mechanism is mounted on the fixed plate assembly, including a second servo motor and a second spindle driven by the servo motor. A ball is fixed at the end of the second spindle, and the ball can form a rotational frictional contact with the inner ring of the bearing under the drive of the second servo motor. A lubrication mechanism is used to supply lubricating oil to the contact area between the ball and the inner ring of the bearing; A linear actuator is configured to apply a force to the fixed plate assembly, driving it to rotate vertically to adjust the contact pressure between the ball and the inner ring raceway of the bearing. The data acquisition mechanism includes a manual slide fixed on the horizontal worktable and a force sensor mounted on the sliding component of the manual slide; the force sensor abuts against the horizontal side of the fixed plate assembly and is used to measure the frictional force transmitted due to the rotational frictional contact between the ball and the inner ring of the bearing.
[0005] As a preferred embodiment, the bearing inner ring drive mechanism includes a bearing assembly fixed to the lower side of the oil collector, a main shaft passing through the oil collector and the bearing assembly, and a servo motor whose output shaft is connected to the main shaft via a flexible coupling. The end of the main shaft is fixedly connected to the bearing inner ring via a bearing inner ring fixing member.
[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the bearing inner ring retainer includes a spring clip; the bearing inner ring is fitted onto the shoulder of the main shaft and pressed by the spring clip disposed at one end of the main shaft.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the lubrication mechanism includes an oil pump and an oil injector; the oil pump is mounted on the horizontal worktable, and the oil outlet of the oil pump is connected to the oil injector through an oil supply pipe, with the oil injector positioned above the ball.
[0008] As a preferred option, the output end of the servo motor 2 is connected to the spindle 2 via a flexible coupling 2.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the fixed plate assembly is provided with a connecting device, which is rotatably engaged with the second spindle.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment, there are two manual slides, which are symmetrically installed on the horizontal worktables on both sides of the fixed plate assembly.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the fixing plate assembly includes an upper fixing plate and a lower fixing plate. The upper fixing plate is connected to the lever fixing device, and one end of the lower fixing plate is fixed to the non-moving end of the lever fixing device. The moving end of the linear actuator abuts against the lower fixing plate.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the oil collector is a hollow, closed structure, and the side wall of the oil collector is provided with a reserved groove for the main shaft to pass through.
[0013] As a preferred option, the linear actuator is a piezoelectric ceramic.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: To address the shortcomings of existing angular contact ball bearing friction and wear simulation technologies in reproducing realistic contact morphology and achieving precise measurements, a novel simulation test apparatus and method have been developed. This scheme can accurately reproduce the complex mechanical state of "elliptical point contact" between the steel ball and raceway caused by the contact angle and groove curvature in angular contact ball bearings. It not only simulates the actual operating conditions of bearings under high speed, heavy load, and various lubrication conditions, but more importantly, it enables direct and precise measurement of the micro-frictional forces in the contact area. Furthermore, it effectively simulates and characterizes the wear morphology evolution of the steel ball-raceway contact area after long-term operation, thus providing accurate and reliable data support for bearing design optimization and life prediction. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the entire invention; Figure 3 This is a right-side view of the present invention.
[0017] Reference numerals: 1. Bearing assembly, 2. Oil collector, 3. Bearing inner ring, 4. Horizontal worktable, 5. Spring clip, 6. Oil injector, 7. Main spindle one, 8. Flexible coupling one, 9. Servo motor one, 10. Oil supply pipe, 11. Oil pump, 12. Linear actuator, 13. Lever fixing device, 14. Upper fixing plate, 15. Cage, 16. Servo motor two, 17. Flexible coupling two, 18. Connecting device, 19. Ball, 20. Lower fixing plate, 21. Force sensor, 22. Manual slide, 23. Main spindle two. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail through exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, elements, structures, and features in one embodiment may be advantageously incorporated into other embodiments.
[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "a," "an," or "the," etc., used in the specification and claims of this patent application do not express a limitation on quantity, but rather indicate the presence of at least one; the terms "first," "second," and "third," as used herein, should not be considered as a limitation on the order of components, but are merely for distinguishing different components; the terms "comprising," "including," etc., indicate that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects having the same function.
[0020] To more clearly describe the bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device, combined with the attached... Figure 1-3 This embodiment is described as follows: like Figure 1-3 As shown, the bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device includes an oil collector 2, a horizontal worktable 4, a bearing inner ring drive mechanism, a lever fixing device 13, a fixing plate assembly, a ball assembly drive mechanism, a lubrication mechanism, a linear actuator 12, and a data acquisition mechanism. The oil collector 2 is installed on the horizontal worktable 4, and the bearing inner ring 3 is installed inside it, with the raceway surface of the bearing inner ring 3 facing upward. The oil collector 2 is a hollow closed structure, and the side wall of the oil collector 2 has a reserved groove for the main shaft 23 to pass through. The oil collector 2 is mainly used to seal the circumferential side of the bearing inner ring 3, reduce the rapid loss of lubricating oil during the simulated operation, so as to approximate the actual operating conditions of the simulated bearing under high speed, heavy load and various lubrication conditions, and improve the accuracy of the simulation. The top of the oil collector 2 is open and a cover plate is installed at the opening to facilitate the installation and replacement of the bearing inner ring 3.
[0021] The bearing inner ring drive mechanism is located outside the oil collector 2 and is used to drive the bearing inner ring 3 to rotate around its own axis. Specifically, the bearing inner ring drive mechanism includes a bearing assembly 1 fixed to the lower side of the oil collector 2, a main shaft 7 passing through the oil collector 2 and the bearing assembly 1, and a servo motor 9 whose output shaft is connected to the main shaft 7 via a flexible coupling 8. The end of the main shaft 7 is fixedly connected to the bearing inner ring 3 via a bearing inner ring fixing member. The flexible coupling 8 serves as an isolation device, which can reduce the vibration of the servo motor 9 during operation from being transmitted to the main shaft 7 and the bearing inner ring 3. The bearing inner ring fixing component includes a spring clip 5; the bearing inner ring 3 is fitted onto the shoulder of the spindle 7 and pressed by the spring clip 5 located at one end of the spindle 7. The end of the spindle 7 is provided with a groove. After the spring clip 5 presses the bearing inner ring 3, it is locked in the groove, thereby securing the bearing inner ring 3 to the spindle 7. During disassembly, the spring clip 5 is separated from the groove, and the bearing inner ring 3 can be removed and replaced with a different bearing inner ring 3.
[0022] The lever fixing device 13 is installed on the horizontal worktable 4. The lever fixing device 13 includes a fixed end and a movable end. The fixed end is rotatably connected to the horizontal worktable 4 and the rotation center line is vertical. The fixed end and the movable end are hinged and the rotation center line is horizontal, so that the fixed plate assembly connected to the movable end can be twisted at least within a small range along the two rotation center lines.
[0023] The fixed plate assembly is connected to the movable end of the lever fixing device 13 and can rotate laterally and vertically relative to the axis of the inner ring 3 of the bearing. That is, the fixed plate assembly forms a lever-like structure with the lever fixing device 13 as the fulcrum. The fixed plate assembly includes an upper fixed plate 14, a retainer 15 and a lower fixed plate 20. The upper fixed plate 14 is connected to the lever fixing device 13. One end of the lower fixed plate 20 is fixed to the non-moving end of the lever fixing device 13 and is used to abut against the movable end of the linear actuator 12. One end of the retainer 15 is connected to the upper fixed plate 14 and the other end forms a motor mounting base for mounting the servo motor 16.
[0024] The ball assembly drive mechanism is mounted on the fixed plate assembly and includes a servo motor 16 and a spindle 23 driven by it. A ball 19 is fixed at the end of the spindle 23. Under the drive of the servo motor 16, the ball 19 can form a rotational friction contact with the inner ring 3 of the bearing. The output end of the servo motor 16 is connected to the spindle 23 through a flexible coupling 17. The fixed plate assembly is provided with a connecting device 18, which rotates with the spindle 23.
[0025] The lubrication mechanism is used to supply lubricating oil to the contact area between the ball 19 and the inner ring 3 of the bearing; specifically, the lubrication mechanism includes an oil pump 11 and an oil nozzle 6; the oil pump 11 is installed on the horizontal worktable 4, the oil inlet of the oil pump 11 is connected to an external lubricating oil supply pipeline, and the oil outlet of the oil pump 11 is connected to the oil nozzle 6 through the oil delivery pipe 10, and the oil nozzle 6 is located above the ball 19.
[0026] Linear actuator 12 is configured to apply a force to the fixed plate assembly, driving it to rotate vertically (rotational downward pressure) to adjust the contact pressure between ball 19 and the raceway of bearing inner ring 3; linear actuator 12 is specifically a piezoelectric ceramic. Under the control of a computer or controller, the piezoelectric ceramic 24 increases in length and contacts the lower fixed plate 20, providing an upward force to the lower fixed plate 20. This force, under the action of a lever, is converted into a downward force on the left-side ball 19, which contacts the bearing inner ring 3 under this force, simulating the contact between the steel ball and the bearing inner ring during bearing operation. By changing the magnitude of the force, the elliptical point contact wear between the steel ball and the bearing inner ring during bearing operation under different operating conditions can be simulated.
[0027] The data acquisition mechanism includes two manual slides 22 fixed on the horizontal worktable 4, symmetrically mounted on both sides of the horizontal worktable 4 along the horizontal direction. Each manual slide 22 includes a linear guide, a sliding component, a trapezoidal threaded rod, a micrometer, and a handwheel transmission system. The linear guide is horizontally fixed on the horizontal worktable 4 and is approximately perpendicular to the fixed plate assembly or the second spindle 23. A force sensor 21 is mounted on the sliding component and abuts against the horizontal side of the fixed plate assembly to measure the frictional force transmitted by the rotational frictional contact between the ball 19 and the inner ring 3 of the bearing.
[0028] The simulation test steps are as follows: Servo motor 9 and servo motor 16 are turned on, driving spindle 7 and spindle 23 to rotate, causing the bearing inner ring 3 and ball 19 to rotate. Oil pump 10 is turned on to deliver oil to ball 19. Then, the piezoelectric ceramic drives the lower fixing plate 20 on the right end, and the ball 19 on the left end presses down on the bearing inner ring 3 under the action of the lever principle, subjecting it to point friction. During operation, the friction between the bearing inner ring 3 and ball 19 pushes the fixing plate assembly or spindle 23 to rotate laterally along the lever fixing device 13. Force sensor 21 collects data and transmits it to the computer or controller, and the friction torque is calculated.
[0029] The parts not described in detail in the above embodiments are existing technologies.
[0030] It should be noted that although the present invention has been described through the above embodiments, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can obviously make various corresponding changes and modifications to the present invention, but all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device, characterized in that, include: Horizontal worktable (4); The oil collector (2) is installed on the horizontal worktable (4) and has a bearing inner ring (3) inside. The bearing inner ring drive mechanism is located outside the oil collector (2) and is used to drive the bearing inner ring (3) to rotate around its own axis. A lever fixing device (13) is installed on the horizontal worktable (4); The fixed plate assembly is connected to the movable end of the lever fixing device (13) and is capable of rotating laterally and vertically relative to the axis of the bearing inner ring (3); The ball assembly drive mechanism is set on the fixed plate assembly, including a servo motor two (16) and a spindle two (23) driven by it. A ball (19) is fixed at the end of the spindle two (23). The ball (19) can form a rotational friction contact with the inner ring (3) of the bearing under the drive of the servo motor two (16). A lubrication mechanism is provided to supply lubricating oil to the contact area between the ball (19) and the inner ring (3) of the bearing; A linear actuator (12) is configured to apply a force to the fixed plate assembly, driving it to rotate vertically to adjust the contact pressure between the ball (19) and the raceway of the inner ring (3) of the bearing; The data acquisition mechanism includes a manual slide (22) fixed on the horizontal worktable (4) and a force sensor (21) mounted on the sliding component of the manual slide (22); the force sensor (21) abuts against the horizontal side of the fixed plate assembly and is used to measure the frictional force transmitted by the ball (19) in rotational frictional contact with the inner ring (3) of the bearing.
2. The bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing inner ring drive mechanism includes a bearing assembly (1) fixed to the lower side of the oil collector (2), a main shaft (7) passing through the oil collector (2) and the bearing assembly (1), and a servo motor (9) whose output shaft is connected to the main shaft (7) via a flexible coupling (8). The end of the main shaft (7) is fixedly connected to the bearing inner ring (3) via a bearing inner ring fixing member.
3. The bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bearing inner ring fixing component includes a spring clip (5); the bearing inner ring (3) is fitted onto the shoulder of the main shaft (7) and pressed by the spring clip (5) disposed at one end of the main shaft (7).
4. The bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubrication mechanism includes an oil pump (11) and an oil injector (6); the oil pump (11) is installed on the horizontal worktable (4), and the oil outlet of the oil pump (11) is connected to the oil injector (6) through an oil supply pipe (10). The oil injector (6) is located above the ball (19).
5. The bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the servo motor 2 (16) is connected to the spindle 2 (23) via the flexible coupling 2 (17).
6. The bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed plate assembly is provided with a connecting device (18), which is rotatably engaged with the main shaft (23).
7. The bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two manual slides (22), which are symmetrically installed on the horizontal worktables (4) on both sides of the fixed plate assembly in the horizontal direction.
8. The bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing plate assembly includes an upper fixing plate (14) and a lower fixing plate (20). The upper fixing plate (14) is connected to the lever fixing device (13). One end of the lower fixing plate (20) is fixed to the non-moving end of the lever fixing device (13), and the moving end of the linear actuator (12) abuts against the lower fixing plate (20).
9. The bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil collector (2) is a hollow closed structure, and the side wall of the oil collector (2) is provided with a reserved groove for the main shaft (23) to pass through.
10. The bearing point contact pair friction and wear simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear actuator (12) is a piezoelectric ceramic.