Multi-band directional interference platform optical-mechanical structure based on laser soft transmission

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectric countermeasure, and discloses a multiband directional interference platform optical-mechanical structure based on laser soft transmission, which comprises a laser module, an optical fiber soft transmission module and a laser transmitting module, the laser module serves as a laser source and provides an interference light source for multi-band directional interference. The optical fiber soft transmission module realizes transmission of multi-band laser from a laser to a transmitting antenna; the laser emission module realizes laser directional emission and completes multiband directional interference. According to the invention, laser soft transmission is realized through the energy transmission optical fiber, and the effects of simple structure, small size and high flexibility are achieved; transmission of the optical fiber from the fixed end to the rotating end is achieved through the smooth ring, and the effects of flexible structure and miniaturization are achieved; through soft transmission of the multi-band laser, the effect of coaxial output of the multi-band laser is achieved, and the channels do not influence each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optoelectronic countermeasures technology and relates to the design of optomechanical systems for laser soft transmission and multi-band laser directional jamming. Specifically, it provides an optomechanical structure for a multi-band directional jamming platform based on laser soft transmission, which can be used in fields such as air defense and anti-missile systems, optoelectronic countermeasures, protection of important facilities, and border control. Background Technology

[0002] Optoelectronic tracking platforms are complex systems integrating optics, mechanics, electronics, and computer applications. They are widely used in range measurement, tracking measurement, astronomical observation, aerospace, laser communication, and optoelectronic acquisition, tracking, and aiming. In optoelectronic countermeasures, optoelectronic tracking turntables are essential for rapid detection, precise tracking, and targeting of targets to achieve directional jamming. With the continuous expansion of application platforms, optoelectronic tracking turntables have evolved from stationary to vehicle-mounted and airborne systems, placing new demands on their adaptability, stability, and miniaturization. Traditional optomechanical structures are based on the Kuder optical path, but the Kuder optical path presents several problems in achieving directional jamming: complex structure, hindering miniaturized integration and installation, especially in applications with strict size and weight requirements; sensitivity to external vibrations and impacts; and high alignment accuracy requirements, as the angles and positions of the lenses in the Kuder optical path need precise adjustment and alignment, a complex process. Especially in multi-band laser jamming, beam combining and detection optical paths are also required, further increasing the turntable's size, weight, and optical path accuracy requirements, making turntable miniaturization and high flexibility a challenge. Existing miniaturization designs for photoelectric tracking turntables mainly focus on structural optimization, advancements in drive technology, and multi-functional integration, such as the patent: a laser-oriented infrared countermeasures turret with multiple interference bands, but these cannot overcome the limitations of the Kuder optical path.

[0003] Optical fibers, with their small aperture, low loss, and flexible transmission capabilities, have been widely used in optical information transmission. Fiber optic power transmission technology, as a flexible and reliable laser transmission method, is characterized by miniaturization, high flexibility, low susceptibility to environmental interference, resistance to electromagnetic interference, and high flexibility, and is widely used in laser cutting, welding, and fiber lasers. Currently, power transmission fibers across various wavelengths have seen significant development, covering visible light, near-infrared, mid-infrared, and long-infrared. Therefore, soft transmission of multi-band lasers based on optical fibers has become possible. However, the rotation of the turntable presents challenges to fiber optic transmission. A single fiber structure will exceed its bending radius during a continuous 360-degree rotation of the turntable, leading to fiber optic entanglement or even knots. Therefore, a single fiber structure cannot transmit laser energy from a stationary platform to a rotating platform. Fiber optic slip rings are devices used to transmit fiber optic signals between rotating and stationary platforms and are widely used in airborne, shipborne, and spaceborne systems for fiber optic signal transmission. However, the application of fiber optic slip rings is mainly focused on low-power optical signal transmission, such as in the patent: a fiber optic slip ring structure for fiber coupling. There are currently no reports on the use of fiber optic slip rings for power transmission.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the need for miniaturization and mobility of multi-band fiber optic tracking turntables, it is urgent to break the limitations of the Kuder optical path and design an optomechanical structure based on a multi-band directional interference platform using laser soft transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Purpose of the invention The purpose of this invention is to provide an optomechanical structure for a multi-band directional interference platform based on laser soft transmission. Based on laser soft transmission and a smooth ring, it solves the problems of large volume, heavy weight, and complex optical path of the Kud optical path in the tracking turntable, and solves the problem of connecting the laser from a fixed platform to a continuously rotating 360° platform based on optical fiber.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an optomechanical structure for a multi-band directional jamming platform based on laser soft transmission, comprising: a laser module, an optical fiber soft transmission module, and a laser emission module; the laser module serves as a laser source, providing an interference light source for multi-band directional jamming; the optical fiber soft transmission module enables the transmission of multi-band laser light from the laser to the transmitting antenna; and the laser emission module enables directional laser emission, thus completing multi-band directional jamming.

[0007] Furthermore, the laser module includes a turntable bottom 6 and a visible light laser 1, a near-infrared laser 2, a mid-wave infrared laser 3, a long-wave infrared laser 4, and an optical fiber coupling assembly 5 fixed thereon; there are four optical fiber coupling assemblies 5, which are fixed on the corresponding lasers respectively, adapt to the wavelength of each laser, couple the laser into the optical fiber, and realize the soft transmission of multi-band lasers.

[0008] Furthermore, the four lasers and four fiber coupling components 5 do not rotate with the rotation of the turntable; the four lasers work simultaneously or individually.

[0009] Furthermore, the fiber optic soft transmission module includes: a power transmission fiber 7, a smooth ring 8, a power transmission optical cable, and a turntable orientation component 10; each fiber coupling component 5 is connected to a power transmission fiber 7, and four power transmission fibers 7 are cabled together to form the lower power transmission optical cable, enabling coaxial transmission of lasers in various bands; the lower power transmission optical cable is connected to the upper power transmission optical cable through the smooth ring 8, and the upper power transmission optical cable is coaxial with the turntable orientation component 10, rotating as the turntable rotates.

[0010] Furthermore, different power transmission fibers 7 are used for lasers of different wavelengths. For visible and near-infrared wavelengths, quartz fiber is selected as the power transmission fiber; for mid-wave infrared lasers, fluoride fiber is selected for power transmission; and for long-wave infrared lasers, hollow fiber is selected for power transmission.

[0011] Furthermore, a smooth ring 8 is coated with a full-band high-transmittance film.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower end of the smooth ring 8 is fixed to the bottom 6 of the turntable and does not rotate with the turntable; after the laser passes through the smooth ring 8, it is output from the upper part of the smooth ring 8 and coupled into the upper power transmission optical cable. The upper power transmission optical cable is coaxial with the turntable orientation component 10 and rotates with the turntable, realizing continuous 360° orientation rotation.

[0013] Furthermore, the laser emitting module includes: a transmitting antenna 11 and a turntable pitch component 12; after the laser is transmitted to the turntable pitch component 12 through the upper power transmission optical cable, the laser is emitted through the transmitting antenna 11.

[0014] Furthermore, the transmitting antenna 11 expands, collimates, and focuses the laser beam. The transmitting antenna 11 is fixed in the turntable pitch component 12 and rotates with the turntable pitch component 12 to achieve adjustment of the pitch angle of laser emission.

[0015] Furthermore, the four optical fibers in the upper power transmission optical cable are on the same cable and parallel.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects The optomechanical structure of the multi-band directional jamming platform based on laser soft transmission provided by the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention realizes laser soft transmission through energy transmission fiber, which has the effects of simple structure, small size and high flexibility; (2) The present invention realizes the transmission of optical fiber from the fixed end to the rotating end through a smooth ring, which achieves the effect of flexible structure and miniaturization; (3) The present invention achieves the effect of coaxial output of multi-band laser through soft transmission of multi-band laser, and each channel does not affect the others. (4) This invention replaces the Cood optical path with laser soft transmission, which can be flexibly arranged according to actual needs, and is easy to bend, turn and branch the beam, adapting to complex spatial layout and optical path requirements; it also has better anti-interference ability, effectively reducing the impact of external vibration, impact and other factors on the optical path, and ensuring the stability and accuracy of laser transmission; the structure is relatively simple, occupies little space and is lightweight, and is easy to install and integrate into the turntable, which has obvious advantages for some application scenarios with strict requirements on size and weight; through fiber optic transmission, the alignment accuracy requirement of the optical path is relatively low, while the angle and position of the reflector in the Cood optical path need to be precisely adjusted and aligned, which has high accuracy requirements and the adjustment process is complicated; using fiber optic soft transmission is more convenient for maintenance and management. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optomechanical structure of a miniaturized multi-band directional jamming platform based on laser soft transmission.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-band laser soft transmission structure based on a smooth ring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the optomechanical structure of the multi-band directional jamming platform based on laser soft transmission in this embodiment includes: a laser module, an optical fiber soft transmission module, and a laser emission module; the laser module serves as a laser source, providing an interference light source for multi-band directional jamming; the optical fiber soft transmission module realizes the transmission of multi-band laser from the laser to the transmitting antenna; and the laser emission module realizes the directional emission of laser, completing multi-band directional jamming.

[0021] The laser module includes: a visible light laser 1, a near-infrared laser 2, a mid-wave infrared laser 3, a long-wave infrared laser 4, fiber optic coupling components 5, and a turntable base 6. There are four fiber optic coupling components 5, each fixed to one of the four lasers and adapted to the wavelength of each laser, enabling laser coupling into the optical fiber for multi-band laser soft transmission. All four lasers and the four fiber optic coupling components 5 are fixed to the turntable base 6 and do not rotate with the turntable, exhibiting high stability. The size, dimensions, and fixing position of the four lasers are adjustable. The four lasers can operate simultaneously or individually.

[0022] The fiber optic soft transmission module includes: a power transmission fiber 7, a smooth ring 8, a power transmission cable 9, and a turntable orientation component 10. Different power transmission fibers 7 are used for different wavelength lasers to achieve high transmission efficiency. For the visible and near-infrared bands, quartz fiber is selected as the power transmission fiber; for mid-wave infrared lasers, fluoride fiber is selected for power transmission; and for long-wave infrared lasers, hollow fiber is selected for power transmission.

[0023] The individual optical fibers are bundled together to form an optical fiber cable 9, enabling coaxial transmission of lasers in various wavelength bands.

[0024] A smooth ring 8 is coated with a full-band high-transmittance film to enable the transmission of laser light of various bands from the fixed end to the rotating end.

[0025] Each laser emits multi-band laser light, which is coupled into each energy transmission fiber through the fiber coupling component 5, and then transmitted by the lower energy transmission cable 9 before entering the smooth ring 8.

[0026] The lower end of the smooth ring 8 is fixed to the bottom 6 of the turntable and does not rotate with the turntable. After passing through the smooth ring 8, the laser is output from the upper part of the smooth ring 8 and coupled into the upper energy transmission cable 9. The upper energy transmission cable 9 is coaxial with the turntable orientation component 10 and rotates with the turntable, achieving continuous 360° azimuth rotation. The smooth ring 8 has energy transmission cables 9 connected to both its upper and lower ends, coaxial with the turntable orientation component 10. Multi-band lasers are output from the fixed-end turntable bottom to the rotating-end turntable orientation component via the smooth ring 8, enabling continuous 360° adjustment of the laser orientation.

[0027] The laser emitting module includes a transmitting antenna 11 and a turntable elevation component 12. The laser beam is transmitted to the turntable elevation component 12 via the upper power transmission optical cable 9, and then emitted through the transmitting antenna 11. The transmitting antenna 11 expands, collimates, and focuses the laser beam, maintaining good focus by implementing a corrective adjustable reflector. The transmitting antenna is fixed in the turntable elevation component 12 and rotates with the rotation of the elevation component to adjust the elevation angle of the laser emission. This achieves adjustable laser elevation and 360-degree continuously adjustable azimuth directional emission, enabling multi-band laser directional interference.

[0028] In operation, visible light, near-infrared, mid-infrared, and long-infrared lasers are output from individual lasers and coupled into the power transmission fiber 7 via the fiber optic coupling component 5. The four power transmission fibers are cabled together to form the lower power transmission cable 9. The laser is transmitted via the lower power transmission cable 9 to the lower end of the smooth ring 8, and then coupled from the smooth ring 8 into the upper power transmission cable 9. After being output from the upper power transmission cable 9, the laser is emitted via the transmitting antenna 11, achieving laser emission. During directional interference, the four lasers and the fiber optic coupling component 5 are fixed to the bottom 6 of the turntable and do not rotate with the turntable. The lower end of the smooth ring 8 and the lower power transmission cable 9 also do not rotate with the turntable, representing fixed laser transmission. The upper power transmission cable 9, connected to the upper end of the smooth ring 8, is placed in the turntable's azimuth component 10 and is coaxial with the rotation center axis. During turntable rotation, continuous 360° rotation is required to achieve 360° azimuth coverage. During azimuth rotation, the power transmission optical cable is fixed in the azimuth component 10 and rotates with the turntable. The laser is transmitted via the upper power transmission optical cable 9 to the elevation component 12, and then emitted via the transmitting antenna 11. The elevation component 12 can rotate in pitch, and the transmitting antenna is fixed within it and rotates with the pitch. When the laser is transmitted from the transmission optical fiber to the transmitting antenna, because the power transmission optical fibers of different bands are cabled coaxially, they can share a single transmitting antenna. The azimuth component is continuously adjustable 360°, and the elevation device is adjustable at a large angle to achieve directional interference of the laser over a wide area.

[0029] A smooth ring was used to achieve 360° adjustability of the orientation component based on fiber optic transmission, as shown in the schematic diagram below. Figure 2 As shown, four power-transmitting optical fibers 7 transmit lasers of different wavelengths, which are then transmitted through the lower power-transmitting optical cable 9 to the transmitting smooth ring 8, and then coupled into the upper power-transmitting optical cable 9 after passing through the smooth ring 8. The smooth ring and the power-transmitting optical cable connected to its lower end are fixed to the bottom of the turntable and remain stationary. The power-transmitting optical cable connected to its upper end is coaxial with the azimuth component, enabling continuous 360° azimuth rotation. This achieves the transmission of multi-wavelength lasers from the fixed end to the rotating end, solving the problem of continuous rotation, knotting, and entanglement of pure optical fibers during turntable rotation. Furthermore, the four optical fibers 13 in the cable are coaxial and parallel, ensuring that the far-field lasers remain coaxial after passing through the same transmitting antenna for all four wavelengths.

[0030] During the use of the turntable, after the initial alignment of the tracking turntable, the azimuth and pitch axes of the turntable are adjusted. The laser power transmission cable rotates with the rotation of the azimuth axis, and the reflector rotates with the rotation of the pitch axis. The laser achieves soft output through the power transmission fiber, power transmission cable, fiber optic slip ring, and power transmission cable, and is emitted through the reflector to achieve directional laser output.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-band directional jamming platform optical-mechanical structure based on laser soft transmission, characterized in that, It comprises: a laser module, a fiber soft transmission module and a laser emission module; the laser module serves as a laser source to provide a multi-band directional jamming light source; the fiber soft transmission module realizes the transmission of multi-band laser from the laser to the emission antenna; and the laser emission module realizes the directional emission of laser to complete the multi-band directional jamming.

2. The multi-band directional jamming platform optical engine structure based on soft laser transmission of claim 1, wherein, The laser module comprises a turntable bottom (6) and visible light lasers (1), near-infrared lasers (2), mid-wave infrared lasers (3), long-wave infrared lasers (4) and fiber coupling assemblies (5) fixed on the turntable bottom (6); the fiber coupling assemblies (5) are four in number and are fixed on the corresponding lasers respectively, are adapted to the wave bands of the lasers and couple the laser into the optical fiber to realize the soft transmission of multi-band laser.

3. The laser soft-transmission based multi-band directional jamming platform optical-mechanical structure of claim 2, wherein, The four lasers and the four fiber coupling assemblies (5) do not rotate with the rotation of the turntable; the four lasers work simultaneously or individually.

4. The laser soft-transmission based multi-band directional jamming platform optical-mechanical structure of claim 3, wherein, The fiber soft transmission module comprises energy transmission optical fibers (7), smooth rings (8), energy transmission cables and a turntable azimuth component (10); each fiber coupling assembly (5) is connected with one energy transmission optical fiber (7), the four energy transmission optical fibers (7) are cabled to form a lower energy transmission cable to coaxially transmit the laser of each wave band; the lower energy transmission cable is connected with an upper energy transmission cable through the smooth ring (8), the upper energy transmission cable is coaxial with the turntable azimuth component (10) and rotates with the rotation of the turntable.

5. The laser soft-transmission based multi-band directional jamming platform optical-mechanical structure of claim 4, wherein, Different wave band lasers are equipped with different energy transmission optical fibers (7); for the visible light wave band and the near-infrared wave band, quartz optical fibers are selected as the energy transmission optical fibers; for the mid-wave infrared laser, fluoride optical fibers are selected for energy transmission; and for the long-wave infrared optical fiber, hollow optical fibers are selected for energy transmission.

6. The multi-band directional jamming platform optical engine structure based on soft laser transmission of claim 5, wherein, The smooth ring (8) is coated with a full-band high-transmittance film.

7. The laser soft-transmission based multi-band directional jamming platform optical-mechanical structure of claim 6, wherein, The lower end of the smooth ring (8) is fixed on the turntable bottom (6) and does not rotate with the rotation of the turntable; the laser is output from the upper part of the smooth ring (8) after passing through the smooth ring (8) and is coupled into the upper energy transmission cable, the upper energy transmission cable is coaxial with the turntable azimuth component (10) and rotates with the rotation of the turntable to realize the continuous 360° rotation of the azimuth.

8. The multi-band directional jamming platform optical engine structure based on soft laser transmission of claim 7, wherein, The laser emission module comprises an emission antenna (11) and a turntable elevation component (12); the laser is transmitted to the turntable elevation component (12) through the upper energy transmission cable and is emitted through the emission antenna (11).

9. The laser soft-transmission based multi-band directional jamming platform optical-mechanical structure of claim 8, wherein, The emission antenna (11) expands, collimates and focuses the laser, is fixed in the turntable elevation component (12) and rotates with the rotation of the turntable elevation component (12) to realize the adjustment of the elevation angle of the laser emission.

10. The laser soft-transmission based multi-band directional jamming platform optical- mechanical structure of claim 9, wherein, The four optical fibers in the upper energy transmission cable are cabled and parallel.

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