Highly-integrated efficient sinking and floating device equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses highly-integrated efficient sinking and floating device equipment, and relates to the technical field of water treatment. The invention solves the problems of fixed precipitation unit structure, incapability of adapting to fluctuating water quality such as high algae, high turbidity and the like, mutual interference of sludge discharge and precipitation, unreasonable unit connection, poor water distribution uniformity, untimely adaptation depending on manual adjustment and high maintenance cost in the existing precipitation-air flotation combined process or integrated equipment. The device comprises a device shell, a coagulation unit, a side rotational flow sedimentation unit and an air flotation unit are connected in series in the shell in the water flow direction, the sedimentation unit comprises an inclined plate sedimentation unit and a spiral inclined plate mud guide unit which are connected in parallel, and the inclined plate sedimentation unit is of a folding type equidistant overlapping structure and comprises an inclination-angle-adjustable V-shaped inclined plate assembly and an inclination angle adjusting transmission mechanism. The water quality change can be flexibly adapted. The device is used for efficient pretreatment of high-algae and high-turbidity water bodies, is high in integration degree and small in occupied area, can efficiently remove pollutants such as algae and suspended solids, and ensures stable effluent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, specifically to a highly integrated and efficient flotation device. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of global climate change and intensified human activities, the detection frequency of algal toxins and Microcystis cells in rivers, lakes and other water bodies worldwide has been increasing year by year. Seasonal high turbidity and sudden high turbidity water bodies have frequently occurred, posing a serious threat to water ecological security and human health. Therefore, the safe and efficient treatment of high turbidity and high algae water has become one of the core research hotspots in the field of water treatment.

[0003] To achieve efficient removal of algae and other suspended solids in water, ensure effluent quality, and alleviate operational pressure on subsequent water purification processes, the industry commonly employs a combined coagulation, sedimentation, and air flotation (AF) process. Research indicates that inclined plate sedimentation is a highly efficient pretreatment technology for suspended solids removal. Compared to conventional sedimentation tanks, it shortens the settling distance, reduces sedimentation time, and significantly increases the sedimentation area, resulting in a substantial improvement in treatment efficiency. AF, on the other hand, offers significant advantages in algae and turbidity removal. Compared to sedimentation, it does not require the formation of large flocs, has a shorter hydraulic retention time, and its volume is much smaller than that of sedimentation tanks, significantly saving floor space. Furthermore, it is more effective at removing algae, with particularly noticeable advantages in effluent quality when algal cell density is high. Therefore, the combined inclined plate sedimentation and AF process has become a feasible and necessary technical choice for the pretreatment of high-algae and high-turbidity water bodies.

[0004] However, conventional sedimentation-flotation combined processes or integrated equipment still have significant shortcomings: sedimentation units are mostly fixed structures, and the inclination angle and spacing of inclined plates or tubes cannot be adjusted, making it difficult to adapt to dynamic fluctuations in raw water quality; the sludge removal system interferes with the sedimentation process, easily causing large flocs to be broken up and floated by the water flow, affecting the stability of the effluent; at the same time, the connection between the coagulation, sedimentation, and flotation units in some equipment is not reasonable enough, resulting in poor water distribution uniformity, further limiting the overall treatment efficiency. These problems are particularly prominent when dealing with complex water qualities such as high algae and high turbidity. Based on this, this invention proposes a novel integrated high-efficiency flotation device to address the above-mentioned deficiencies of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of existing sedimentation-flotation combined processes or integrated equipment, such as fixed sedimentation unit structure, inability to adapt to fluctuating water quality such as high algae and high turbidity, mutual interference between sludge discharge and sedimentation, unreasonable unit connection and poor water distribution uniformity, reliance on manual adjustment and untimely adaptation, and high maintenance costs. In order to provide a highly integrated and efficient flotation device.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0007] A highly integrated and efficient flotation device includes a housing 1 and a coagulation unit 2, a side vortex sedimentation unit 3, and an air flotation unit 4, which are sequentially integrated in series along the water flow direction within the housing 1. The side vortex sedimentation unit 3 includes multiple inclined plate sedimentation units 31 arranged in parallel perpendicular to the water flow direction and an inclined plate sludge guiding unit 32 for generating vortices. The inclined plate sedimentation unit 31 has a folded, equidistant inclined plate stacked structure. Each inclined plate sedimentation unit 31 includes multiple adjustable tilt angle V-shaped inclined plate assemblies 33 stacked equidistantly from top to bottom and a tilt angle that provides power for adjusting the tilt angle of the multiple adjustable tilt angle V-shaped inclined plate assemblies 33. Adjustable transmission mechanism 34; Each adjustable tilt angle V-shaped inclined plate assembly 33 includes two passive telescopic plates 36 hinged into a V shape by a hinge shaft 35 and a grooved channel 37 connected to the ends of the two passive telescopic plates 36. The two passive telescopic plates 36 are connected to the tilt angle adjustment transmission mechanism 34. The tilt angle adjustment transmission mechanism 34 drives the two passive telescopic plates 36 to rotate synchronously around the hinge shaft 35 to change the V-shaped tilt angle. The inclined plate mud guiding unit 32 is installed at the ends of the two grooved channels 37 near the water inlet side, and the water outlet direction of the inclined plate mud guiding unit 32 is set towards the grooved channel 37.

[0008] Furthermore, the passive telescopic plate 36 includes a fixed plate segment 361 and a movable plate segment 362. One end of the fixed plate segment 361 is provided with a bushing 363 for matching the hinge shaft 35. The fixed plate segment 361 has a cavity 364 for accommodating the movable plate segment 362. The other end of the fixed plate segment 361 is connected to an end cap 365 with an opening. One end of the movable plate segment 362 is slidably inserted into the opening of the end cap 365 and extends into the cavity 364. The movable plate segment 362 is located in the cavity 364. The ends are provided with anti-detachment blocks 366. The front and rear ends of the fixed plate segment 361 are respectively provided with T-shaped guide grooves 367 arranged along the length direction of the fixed plate segment 361. The T-shaped guide grooves 367 are fitted with movable T-shaped pins 368. One end of the groove channel 37 is a semi-circular arc plate structure. The other end of the groove channel 37 is detachably fixed to the other end of the movable plate segment 362 through the channel connector 371. The upper surface of the groove channel 37 and the upper surface of the movable plate segment 362 are smoothly transitioned.

[0009] Furthermore, the passive telescopic panel 36 has a panel length of 400–600 mm, a vertical spacing between panels of 50–150 mm, and an installation tilt angle of 50°–60°.

[0010] Furthermore, the inclined plate mud guiding unit 32 is a spiral water inlet pipe section, and the inclined plate mud guiding unit 32 is installed at the end of the trough-shaped channel 37 along the water flow direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the tilt adjustment transmission mechanism 34 includes four guide rails 341 and eight crossbeams 342. The four guide rails 341 are arranged vertically in pairs opposite each other on the front and rear sides of the inclined plate sedimentation unit 31. The two ends of the four guide rails 341 are fixedly connected by the eight vertically arranged crossbeams 342. The interior of the side vortex sedimentation unit 3 is divided into independent chambers 39 of the inclined plate sedimentation unit 31 by vertical partitions 38. The inner side of the partition 38 is provided with a sliding groove 381 that slides with the guide rails 341. The inner side of the guide rails 341 is provided with a socket 343 for connecting the T-shaped pins 368.

[0012] Furthermore, each independent chamber 39 inside the side swirling sedimentation unit 3 is provided with a sludge hopper 382 at its bottom, and the sludge hopper 382 is connected to a perforated sludge discharge pipe 383.

[0013] Furthermore, the equipment also includes a drive mechanism 5, which includes a motor reducer 51 and a screw and nut transmission mechanism 52. The motor reducer 51 is mounted on the housing cover plate 384 of the side vortex sedimentation unit 3. The screw and nut transmission mechanism 52 is vertically arranged below the motor reducer 51. The output shaft of the motor reducer 51 is connected to the top end of the screw 521 of the screw and nut transmission mechanism 52 through a coupling 56. The two ends of the screw 521 of the screw and nut transmission mechanism 52 are rotatably connected to the upper transmission frame 54 and the lower transmission frame 55 through two bearings 57. The upper transmission frame 54 and the lower transmission frame 55 are respectively mounted on the housing cover plate 384 and the internal partition plate 38 of the side vortex sedimentation unit 3. The nut 522 of the screw and nut transmission mechanism 52 is fixedly connected to the guide rail connecting bracket 53 through a connector. The guide rail connecting bracket 53 is also fixedly connected to the guide rail 341 of all tilt angle adjustment transmission mechanisms 34.

[0014] Furthermore, the flotation unit 4 includes a micro-nano bubble generator 41 and a sludge scraper 42. The inlet end of the flotation unit 4 is equipped with a micro-nano bubble generator 41 for introducing micro-nano bubbles into the flotation unit 4. The sludge scraper 42 is located at the top of the flotation unit 4 and includes a scraping drive motor 421, a drive shaft 422, and a transmission shaft 423. The scraping drive motor 421 is installed on the outside of the side wall 385 of the side vortex sedimentation unit 3. The drive shaft 422 and the transmission shaft 423 are horizontally arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction on the front and rear sides of the flotation unit 4. 23 is rotatably connected to the top of the side wall 385 of the box body through four bearing seats 426. Two chain sprocket transmission mechanisms 424 are arranged horizontally above the air flotation unit 4 along the water flow direction. The driving sprockets 4241 of the two chain sprocket transmission mechanisms 424 are both mounted on the drive shaft 422, and the driven sprockets 4242 of the two chain sprocket transmission mechanisms 424 are both mounted on the transmission shaft 423. The two driving sprockets 4241 are connected to the driven sprockets 4242 through two chains 4243. Multiple scrapers 425 are arranged equidistantly along the direction perpendicular to the water flow between the two chains 4243.

[0015] Furthermore, the equipment also includes a front perforated flower wall 6 and a rear perforated flower wall 7. The inlet and outlet of the side vortex sedimentation unit 3 are connected to the outlet of the coagulation unit 2 and the inlet of the air flotation unit 4 through the front perforated flower wall 6 and the rear perforated flower wall 7, respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the coagulation unit 2 adopts a grid flocculation structure. Multiple water purification modules 21 are arranged in series along the water flow direction inside the coagulation unit 2. The equipment housing 1 is provided with multiple drain ports 11 that are connected to the lower ends of the multiple water purification modules 21 of the coagulation unit 2. The water inlet side and water outlet side of the equipment housing 1 are respectively provided with water inlet 12 and water outlet 13 that are connected to the water inlet end of the coagulation unit 2 and the water outlet end of the air flotation unit 4.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. This invention integrates collaborative treatment with precise adaptation to complex water qualities, effectively solving the problem of unstable treatment of fluctuating water quality. Ordinary sedimentation-flotation combined equipment is mostly arranged in separate units or optimized for a single function, and the inclination angle of the inclined plates and tubes is fixed, making it unsuitable for fluctuating water qualities such as high algae and high turbidity, easily leading to floc accumulation or insufficient sedimentation. This invention integrates the coagulation unit 2, the side-swirling sedimentation unit 3, and the flotation unit 4 in series within the same equipment housing 1, achieving uniform water distribution through the front perforated wall 6 and the rear perforated wall 7. The combination of the adjustable inclination angle V-shaped inclined plate assembly 33, the inclination angle adjustment transmission mechanism 34, and the drive mechanism 5 allows for flexible adjustment of the inclined plate angle within the range of 50°~60° according to the raw water quality, ensuring stable sedimentation efficiency even with significant fluctuations in raw water turbidity and algae density.

[0019] 2. The present invention's swirling sludge discharge and separation design of large and small flocs successfully overcomes the bottleneck of mutual interference between sludge discharge and sedimentation. Existing equipment's sedimentation units mostly rely on gravity settling through inclined tubes, lacking a swirling design, making large flocs easily broken up and floated by the water flow; some equipment's sliding guide plates rely solely on gravity sludge discharge, resulting in low sludge discharge efficiency and easy interference with the effluent. The present invention employs a spiral inclined plate guide unit 32, guiding the water flow to form a stable swirling flow, quickly guiding large flocs to the trough-shaped channel 37 and sinking them into the sludge hopper 382. Simultaneously, small flocs settle independently within the inclined plate sedimentation unit 31, achieving zoned treatment of large and small flocs. Sludge discharge and sedimentation do not interfere with each other, completely solving the core problems of floc breakage and incomplete sludge discharge in existing technologies.

[0020] 3. This invention combines structural innovation with low-maintenance design, achieving a dual improvement in efficiency and convenience. Some existing equipment relies on membrane modules for deep treatment, which is not only costly but also requires frequent cleaning and maintenance; the inclined plates of most sedimentation-flotation equipment are fixed structures, requiring complete disassembly after damage. The passive telescopic plate 36 of this invention can flexibly extend and retract with the tilt angle adjustment, and the detachable connection of the T-shaped guide groove 367 and T-shaped pin 368 avoids plate deformation and facilitates the maintenance and replacement of individual components; the combined design of the sludge hopper 382 and the perforated sludge discharge pipe 383 reduces sludge residue, and the chain-sprocket scraper 42 of the flotation unit 4 has no scum residue. The overall maintenance frequency is much lower than that of existing equipment, and it does not rely on membrane modules, reducing equipment costs and operating energy consumption, achieving a balance between high-efficiency treatment and low-cost maintenance.

[0021] 4. This invention combines grid flocculation with micro-nano bubble flotation to enhance the synergistic purification effect of pretreatment. Some existing equipment uses only a single coagulant in its coagulation unit, resulting in limited flocculation effectiveness; flotation in some equipment is only used as an auxiliary means of membrane fouling control. The coagulation unit 2 of this invention employs a grid flocculation structure and multiple water purification modules 21, extending the water flow path and allowing micro-flocculated particles to fully collide and form dense, large flocs. The micro-nano bubble generator 41 in the flotation unit 4 generates fine, uniform bubbles, efficiently adsorbing remaining fine pollutants, resulting in superior removal of algae and suspended solids. This synergistic design of enhanced pre-treatment flocculation and efficient post-treatment flotation significantly alleviates the pressure on subsequent water purification processes when the equipment is used as a pretreatment stage, and its synergistic effect far exceeds the simple series connection of single coagulation and single flotation in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is an isometric drawing of the highly integrated and efficient buoyancy device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a front view of the highly integrated and efficient sinker / floater equipment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3This is a schematic longitudinal axial cross-sectional view of the side swirling sedimentation unit 3 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion at point A;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the passive telescopic plate 36 and the inclined mud guiding unit 32 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is an isometric view of the slag scraper 42 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Equipment housing; 2-Coagulation unit; 3-Side vortex sedimentation unit; 4-Air flotation unit; 5-Drive mechanism; 6-Front-end perforated wall; 7-Rear-end perforated wall; 11-Drain outlet; 12-Inlet; 13-Outlet; 21-Water purification module; 31-Inclined plate sedimentation unit; 32-Inclined plate sludge guiding unit; 33-Adjustable tilt angle V-shaped inclined plate assembly; 34-Tilting angle adjustment transmission mechanism; 35-Hinged shaft; 36-Passive telescopic plate; 37-Trough-shaped channel; 38-Baffle; 39-Independent chamber; 341-Guide rail; 342-Crossbeam; 343-Insertion hole; 361-Fixed plate segment; 362-Modible plate segment; 363-Shaft sleeve; 364-Cavity; 365-End cover; 366-Anti-detachment block; 367- T-shaped guide groove; 368-T-shaped pin; 371-channel connector; 381-slide groove; 382-sludge hopper; 383-perforated sludge discharge pipe; 384-box cover plate; 385-box side wall; 41-micro-nano bubble generator; 42-sludge scraper; 421-sludge scraper drive motor; 422-drive shaft; 423-transmission shaft; 424-chain and sprocket transmission mechanism; 425-scraper; 426-bearing seat; 4241-drive sprocket; 4242-driven sprocket; 4243-chain; 51-motor reducer; 52-screw and nut transmission mechanism; 53-guide rail connecting bracket; 54-upper transmission frame; 55-lower transmission frame; 56-coupling; 57-bearing; 521-screw; 522-nut. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 7This embodiment describes a highly integrated and efficient flotation device. The device includes a housing 1 and a coagulation unit 2, a side-swirling sedimentation unit 3, and an air flotation unit 4, sequentially integrated in series along the water flow direction within the housing 1. The side-swirling sedimentation unit 3 includes multiple inclined plate sedimentation units 31 arranged in parallel perpendicular to the water flow direction and inclined plate sludge guiding units 32 for creating swirl. The inclined plate sedimentation unit 31 has a folded, equidistant inclined plate stacked structure. Each inclined plate sedimentation unit 31 includes multiple adjustable-angle V-shaped inclined plate assemblies 33 stacked equidistantly from top to bottom, and an adjustable-angle V-shaped inclined plate assembly 33 for adjusting its tilt angle. A tilt angle adjustment transmission mechanism 34 provides power; each adjustable tilt angle V-shaped inclined plate assembly 33 includes two passive telescopic plates 36 hinged into a V shape by a hinge shaft 35 and a grooved channel 37 connected to the ends of the two passive telescopic plates 36. The two passive telescopic plates 36 are connected to the tilt angle adjustment transmission mechanism 34. The tilt angle adjustment transmission mechanism 34 drives the two passive telescopic plates 36 to rotate synchronously around the hinge shaft 35 to change the V-shaped tilt angle; the inclined plate mud guiding unit 32 is correspondingly installed at the ends of the two grooved channels 37 near the water inlet side, and the water outlet direction of the inclined plate mud guiding unit 32 is set towards the grooved channel 37.

[0031] This configuration, through the combination of inclined plate sedimentation unit 31 and inclined plate sludge guiding unit 32, separates and processes flocs of different sizes, solving the problems of mutual interference between sedimentation and sludge discharge and easy breakage and floating of flocs in the existing technology; the adjustable tilt angle design breaks through the limitation of existing fixed inclined plates that cannot adapt to water quality fluctuations, enabling the equipment to cope with complex water quality such as high algae and high turbidity.

[0032] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment describes a passive telescopic plate 36 comprising a fixed plate segment 361 and a movable plate segment 362. One end of the fixed plate segment 361 is provided with a bushing 363 for matching the hinge shaft 35. The fixed plate segment 361 has a cavity 364 for accommodating the movable plate segment 362. The other end of the fixed plate segment 361 is connected to an end cap 365 with an opening. One end of the movable plate segment 362 is slidably inserted into the opening of the end cap 365 and extends into the cavity 364. The movable plate segment 362 is located within the cavity. Part 364 has an anti-detachment block 366 at its end. The front and rear ends of the fixed plate segment 361 are respectively provided with T-shaped guide grooves 367 arranged along the length of the fixed plate segment 361. The T-shaped guide grooves 367 are fitted with movable T-shaped pins 368. One end of the groove channel 37 is a semi-circular arc plate structure. The other end of the groove channel 37 is detachably fixed to the other end of the movable plate segment 362 through a channel connector 371. The upper surface of the groove channel 37 and the upper surface of the movable plate segment 362 are smoothly transitioned.

[0033] With this configuration, the movable plate segment 362 can flexibly extend and retract within the cavity 364 of the fixed plate segment 361. Through real-time length compensation, it precisely adapts to the tilt angle adjustment requirements, preventing stress concentration and breakage of the plate due to tilt angle changes (a common structural damage issue with traditional fixed-length inclined plates during tilt angle adjustment). It also ensures that during tilt angle changes, the grooved channel 37 at the end of the plate and the movable part of the plate remain in close contact with the tank wall, structurally blocking the path for flocs to detach from the gap. Simultaneously, the semi-circular arc structure of the grooved channel 37 smoothly transitions with the plate, reducing water flow resistance and preventing floc accumulation at the connection point. The anti-detachment block 366 effectively prevents the movable plate segment 362 from detaching from the cavity 364, further improving structural stability and completely solving the problems of frequent maintenance and short service life of existing inclined plate components. Other components and connections are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0034] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1 to 7 In this embodiment, the length of the passive telescopic plate 36 is 400-600mm, the vertical spacing between the plates is 50-150mm, and the installation tilt angle of the passive telescopic plate 36 is 50°-60°.

[0035] This design, with the plate length controlled within the range of 400-600mm, allows the flocs deposited on the inclined plate to quickly slide down to the trough channel 37, avoiding floc accumulation and blockage due to excessive plate length. Compared to traditional equipment with plate lengths exceeding 600mm, this design offers smoother operation. The plate spacing of 50-150mm ensures both smooth water flow and sufficient settling area, preventing water flow turbulence caused by insufficient spacing. The installation inclination angle of 50°-60° balances the sedimentation projection area and floc sliding efficiency. Compared to equipment with an inclination angle less than 50°, floc sliding is smoother, and compared to equipment with an inclination angle greater than 60°, the sedimentation effect is superior, achieving a balance between settling efficiency and space utilization. This resolves the contradiction in existing inclined plate designs where settling efficiency and sludge discharge smoothness cannot be simultaneously achieved. Other components and connections are the same as in specific implementation methods one or two.

[0036] When water quality conditions are stable, the plate body can adopt a fixed plate length, spacing and tilt angle.

[0037] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 7 In this embodiment, the inclined plate mud guiding unit 32 is a spiral water inlet pipe section, and the inclined plate mud guiding unit 32 is installed at the end of the trough-shaped channel 37 along the water flow direction.

[0038] This design allows the spiral inlet pipe section to guide the water flow into a stable vortex, using centrifugal force to quickly guide large flocs to the inner wall of the trough-shaped channel 37 and cause them to sink. Compared to the traditional straight-tube inlet pipe, this design provides more targeted sludge removal and prevents large flocs from breaking under the impact of the water flow. The negative pressure generated by the vortex also helps to clean the flocs attached to the surface of the inclined plate, reducing scale buildup. Traditional equipment requires regular manual cleaning of the inclined plate, resulting in a large workload for maintenance. This invention effectively reduces maintenance costs and labor intensity while improving long-term operational stability. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, or three.

[0039] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment describes the tilt adjustment transmission mechanism 34, which includes four guide rails 341 and eight crossbeams 342. The four guide rails 341 are arranged vertically in pairs on the front and rear sides of the inclined plate sedimentation unit 31. The two ends of the four guide rails 341 are fixedly connected by the eight vertically arranged crossbeams 342. The interior of the side vortex sedimentation unit 3 is divided into independent chambers 39 of the inclined plate sedimentation unit 31 by vertical partitions 38. The inner side of the partition 38 is provided with a sliding groove 381 that slides with the guide rails 341. The inner side of the guide rails 341 is provided with a socket 343 for connecting the T-shaped pins 368.

[0040] This configuration, with four guide rails 341 and eight crossbeams 342 forming a stable frame structure, combined with the sliding grooves 381 of the partition 38, ensures smooth vertical sliding of the guide rails 341, preventing jamming during tilt adjustment. Compared to traditional distributed transmission mechanisms, it offers better synchronization in adjustment, solving the problem of uneven water distribution caused by inconsistent adjustments of multiple inclined plate components. The T-shaped pins 368 are detachably connected to the insertion holes 343 of the guide rails 341, facilitating the maintenance and replacement of individual inclined plate components. In contrast, traditional integrated transmission mechanisms require complete disassembly when the plate is damaged, resulting in low maintenance efficiency. This invention significantly improves the convenience of equipment maintenance and reduces downtime maintenance costs. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, three, or four.

[0041] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figures 1 to 7 In this embodiment, each independent chamber 39 inside the side swirling sedimentation unit 3 is provided with a sludge hopper 382 at its bottom, and the sludge hopper 382 is connected to a perforated sludge discharge pipe 383.

[0042] With this configuration, each independent chamber 39 corresponds to an independent sludge hopper 382, ​​achieving sludge collection in separate zones and avoiding interference between sludge from different chambers. Compared to traditional centralized sludge discharge, sludge collection is more efficient and sludge discharge energy consumption is lower. The multi-point perforation design of the perforated sludge discharge pipe 383 ensures more uniform and thorough sludge discharge, preventing sludge accumulation dead zones at the bottom of the sludge hopper 382. Traditional single-pipe sludge discharge is prone to incomplete sludge discharge, requiring regular manual cleaning. This invention effectively reduces maintenance workload while ensuring stable treatment results over long-term operation. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, three, four, or five.

[0043] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figures 1 to 7 In this embodiment, the equipment further includes a drive mechanism 5, which includes a motor reducer 51 and a lead screw and nut transmission mechanism 52. The motor reducer 51 is mounted on the housing cover 384 of the side vortex sedimentation unit 3. The lead screw and nut transmission mechanism 52 is vertically arranged below the motor reducer 51. The output shaft of the motor reducer 51 is connected to the top end of the screw 521 of the lead screw and nut transmission mechanism 52 via a coupling 56. The two ends of the screw 521 of the lead screw and nut transmission mechanism 52 are rotatably connected to the upper transmission frame 54 and the lower transmission frame 55 via two bearings 57. The upper transmission frame 54 and the lower transmission frame 55 are respectively mounted on the housing cover 384 and the internal partition 38 of the side vortex sedimentation unit 3. The nut 522 of the lead screw and nut transmission mechanism 52 is fixedly connected to the guide rail connecting bracket 53 via a connecting element. The guide rail connecting bracket 53 is also fixedly connected to the guide rail 341 of all tilt angle adjustment transmission mechanisms 34.

[0044] With this configuration, the motor reducer 51 and the lead screw and nut transmission mechanism 52 work together to achieve precise adjustment of the tilt angle. Compared with the traditional hydraulic transmission mechanism, it has higher control accuracy and lower energy consumption, solving the problems of slow response and high energy consumption of existing tilt angle adjustment mechanisms. The upper transmission frame 54 and the lower transmission frame 55 are fixed to the screw 521 by the bearing 57 to ensure transmission stability. The guide rail connecting bracket 53 realizes the synchronous movement of all guide rails 341, avoiding uneven water distribution caused by inconsistent adjustment of individual inclined plate components. Traditional decentralized drives are prone to adjustment deviations, affecting the sedimentation effect. This invention effectively ensures the stability and reliability of equipment operation, and is especially suitable for scenarios with frequent water quality fluctuations. Other components and connection relationships are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, three, four, five or six.

[0045] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1 to 7This embodiment describes an air flotation unit 4, which includes a micro / nano bubble generator 41 and a sludge scraper 42. The micro / nano bubble generator 41, used to fill the air flotation unit 4 with micro / nano bubbles, is installed at the water inlet end of the air flotation unit 4. The sludge scraper 42 is located at the top of the air flotation unit 4 and includes a scraping drive motor 421, a drive shaft 422, and a transmission shaft 423. The scraping drive motor 421 is installed on the outside of the side wall 385 of the side vortex sedimentation unit 3. The drive shaft 422 and transmission shaft 423 are horizontally arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction on the front and rear sides of the air flotation unit 4, respectively. The drive shaft 423 is rotatably connected to the top of the side wall 385 of the box body through four bearing seats 426. Two chain sprocket drive mechanisms 424 are arranged horizontally above the air flotation unit 4 along the water flow direction. The driving sprockets 4241 of the two chain sprocket drive mechanisms 424 are both mounted on the drive shaft 422, and the driven sprockets 4242 of the two chain sprocket drive mechanisms 424 are both mounted on the drive shaft 423. The two driving sprockets 4241 are connected to the driven sprockets 4242 through two chains 4243. Multiple scrapers 425 are arranged equidistantly along the direction perpendicular to the water flow between the two chains 4243.

[0046] With this configuration, the micro-nano bubble generator 41 produces bubbles with small particle size, uniform distribution, and large specific surface area, resulting in superior adsorption of pollutants compared to traditional bubble generators. This leads to more thorough algae removal and solves the problem of low removal rates for fine algae in traditional air flotation systems. The chain-driven scraper 42, coupled with equidistantly arranged scrapers 425, ensures thorough scum removal without any dead corners. Compared to traditional belt-driven scrapers, this design offers a longer service life and lower maintenance frequency. Four bearing seats 426 ensure smooth rotation of the drive shaft 422 and transmission shaft 423, preventing jamming or deformation of the scrapers 425 during scraping, thus guaranteeing stable scraping performance and avoiding secondary pollution caused by scum residue. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, three, four, five, six, or seven.

[0047] Specific Implementation Method Nine: Combining Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment further includes a front perforated wall 6 and a rear perforated wall 7. The inlet and outlet of the side vortex sedimentation unit 3 are connected to the outlet of the coagulation unit 2 and the inlet of the air flotation unit 4 through the front perforated wall 6 and the rear perforated wall 7, respectively.

[0048] With this configuration, the perforated flower wall 6 at the front end evenly distributes the effluent from the coagulation unit 2 to each independent chamber 39 of the side-swirling sedimentation unit 3, avoiding floc breakage caused by excessively fast local water flow. Compared to a design without a flower wall, this results in better water distribution uniformity and more stable sedimentation. The perforated flower wall 7 at the rear end stabilizes the effluent flow from the sedimentation unit, preventing water flow disturbance to the bubble layer of the flotation unit 4 and ensuring stable flotation performance. Traditional direct connection methods are prone to bubble breakage and reduced flotation efficiency. This invention effectively guarantees the treatment effect of the flotation unit 4 while achieving seamless collaboration between units, improving overall treatment efficiency. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiments one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, or eight.

[0049] Specific Implementation Method Ten: Combining Figures 1 to 7 In this embodiment, the coagulation unit 2 adopts a grid flocculation structure. Multiple water purification modules 21 are arranged in series along the water flow direction inside the coagulation unit 2. The equipment housing 1 is provided with multiple drain ports 11 that are connected to the lower ends of the multiple water purification modules 21 of the coagulation unit 2. The water inlet side and water outlet side of the equipment housing 1 are respectively provided with water inlet 12 and water outlet 13 that are connected to the water inlet end of the coagulation unit 2 and the water outlet end of the air flotation unit 4.

[0050] This configuration extends the water flow path of the multiple water purification modules 21 in the grid flocculation structure, allowing for more thorough contact and collision of micro-flocculated particles, resulting in denser flocs and superior settling performance. Compared to traditional baffle flocculation, the flocculation effect is better, laying a solid foundation for subsequent sedimentation and flotation treatment. Multiple drain ports 11 allow for independent drainage and maintenance of individual water purification modules 21 without requiring overall shutdown. Compared to traditional single drain port designs, this provides greater operational continuity and lower maintenance costs, solving the problem of downtime during maintenance of traditional coagulation units, which affects treatment efficiency. Other components and connections are the same as in embodiments one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine.

[0051] Detailed Implementation Method Eleven: Combining Figures 1 to 7 This embodiment further includes a detection unit and a control unit. The detection unit includes a raw water quality sensor, an effluent water quality sensor, and a floc accumulation sensor. The raw water quality sensor includes a turbidity sensor (measurement range 0-500 NTU) and an algae density sensor (detection accuracy ±5%), both of which are installed at the inlet 12 of the equipment housing 1. The effluent water quality sensor is a suspended solids sensor, installed at the outlet 13 of the equipment housing 1. The floc accumulation sensor is a liquid level sensor, installed in the independent chamber 39 of the side swirling sedimentation unit 3 and below the inclined plate sedimentation unit 31, for real-time monitoring of the floc accumulation thickness on the inclined plate surface.

[0052] The control unit includes a PLC controller and a touch screen. The PLC controller is equipped with a communication interface and an analog input / output interface, supports preset control logic linkage adjustment, and is electrically connected to each sensor of the detection unit, the motor reducer 51 of the drive mechanism 5, the slag scraper drive motor 421, the micro-nano bubble generator 41, and the electric valve of the perforated sludge discharge pipe 383. The touch screen is embedded in the outer wall of the equipment housing 1 and supports parameter display, threshold setting, and manual operation functions.

[0053] The PLC controller has pre-stored core control logic: When the raw water turbidity is ≤100 NTU and the algae density is low, the inclined plate angle is maintained at 50°, and the micro-nano bubble generation, sludge scraping speed and sludge discharge frequency are adjusted as needed; when the raw water turbidity is 100-300 NTU or the algae density is medium, the inclined plate angle is automatically adjusted to 53°, and the bubble generation and sludge scraping speed are increased simultaneously; when the raw water turbidity is >300 NTU or the algae density is high, the inclined plate angle is automatically adjusted to 55°, and the sludge discharge frequency is increased; when the floc accumulation sensor detects that the floc thickness is ≥3cm, the PLC controller links the drive mechanism 5 to temporarily adjust the inclined plate angle to 60° to accelerate the floc sliding, and at the same time controls the perforated sludge discharge pipe 383 electric valve to open immediately, and restores the original set angle after the floc thickness falls back to below 1cm.

[0054] This setup, by clearly defining the core performance parameters of the sensors, the functions of the PLC controller, and the key control logic, satisfies the feasibility requirements of the technical solution without unduly restricting the flexibility of component selection. The control unit automatically adjusts the operating status of each component according to changes in water quality, avoiding the lag of manual adjustment in traditional equipment and solving the problems of untimely adaptation and cumbersome operation of existing adjustable tilt angle equipment. The touch screen enables visualization of operating data and emergency intervention functions, balancing automated operation with ease of use, further improving the equipment's adaptability and operational stability to complex water qualities such as high algae and high turbidity. Other components and connections are the same as in specific implementation methods one through ten.

[0055] Working principle

[0056] Combination Figures 1 to 7 This invention explains the working principle of a highly integrated and efficient buoyancy device:

[0057] Raw water enters the coagulation unit 2 through the inlet 12 of the equipment casing 1. This unit adopts a grid flocculation structure, with multiple water purification modules 21 arranged in series along the water flow direction to extend the water flow path and provide sufficient contact and collision space for micro-flocculated particles, promoting the formation of dense large flocs and laying the foundation for subsequent separation treatment. Multiple drain ports 11 at the lower end of the coagulation unit 2 can realize independent drainage and maintenance of individual modules without affecting the overall equipment operation. The water after coagulation treatment is evenly distributed through the front perforated flower wall 6 and smoothly enters the side vortex sedimentation unit 3, avoiding local water flow that is too fast and damages the floc structure.

[0058] After entering the side-swirling sedimentation unit 3, the water flow is divided into independent chambers 39 by vertical baffles 38. The inclined plate sedimentation unit 31 in each independent chamber plays a core sedimentation role. Multiple adjustable V-shaped inclined plate assemblies 33 stacked at equal intervals increase the sedimentation area. Small flocs settle rapidly on the surface of the passively telescopic plate 36 and slide along the plate towards the trough-shaped channel 37. At the same time, the inclined plate sludge guiding unit 32, as a spiral water inlet pipe section, is installed at the end of the trough-shaped channel 37 along the water flow direction, guiding the water flow to form a stable swirling flow. Using centrifugal force, large flocs are quickly guided to the inner wall of the trough-shaped channel 37 and swirled down to the sludge hopper 382 at the bottom, and finally discharged through the perforated sludge discharge pipe 383. This achieves the separate sedimentation of large and small flocs and efficient sludge discharge, avoiding mutual interference.

[0059] During this process, the detection unit monitors the water quality and floc status in real time: the turbidity sensor and algae density sensor at the inlet 12 capture the fluctuations in the raw water quality, and the liquid level sensor in the independent chamber 39 monitors the thickness of floc accumulation on the inclined plate surface and transmits the data to the PLC controller of the control unit. The PLC controller precisely adjusts the tilt angle of the inclined plate according to the preset logic linkage drive mechanism 5: the motor reducer 51 drives the screw 521 of the lead screw nut transmission mechanism 52 to rotate, and through the nut 522 drives the guide rail connecting bracket 53 and the guide rail 341 of all tilt angle adjustment transmission mechanisms 34 to slide vertically along the slide groove 381 of the partition plate 38; the guide rail 341 cooperates with the T-shaped guide groove 367 of the passive telescopic plate 36 through the T-shaped pin 368, driving the two passive telescopic plates 36 to rotate synchronously around the hinge axis 35. At this time, the movable plate section 362 flexibly extends and retracts in the cavity 364 of the fixed plate section 361 to adapt to the tilt angle change (the anti-detachment block 366 ensures that the movable plate section does not detach from the cavity, and the end cover 365 plays a sealing and protective role), so that the tilt angle of the inclined plate can be adjusted as needed within the range of 50° to 60° (such as adjusting to 55° when the turbidity is >300 NTU, and temporarily adjusting to 60° when the floc thickness is ≥3cm), ensuring the sedimentation effect is stable under different water qualities.

[0060] After sedimentation, the water flows through the perforated flower wall 7 at the rear end and is then evenly distributed before entering the air flotation unit 4. The micro-nano bubble generator 41 at the inlet of the air flotation unit 4 introduces fine, uniform micro-nano bubbles into the water. These bubbles fully adsorb and combine with remaining fine suspended solids, algae, and other pollutants in the water, forming scum that floats to the surface. The control unit synchronously links the scum scraper drive motor 421, driving the drive shaft 422 to rotate. This, through the chain and sprocket transmission mechanism 424, drives the transmission shaft 423 to rotate synchronously, causing multiple scrapers 425 between the two chains 4243 to move smoothly perpendicular to the water flow direction, thoroughly scraping away the scum from the water surface. The drive shaft 422 and transmission shaft 423 are rotatably connected to the side wall 385 of the tank via four bearing seats 426, ensuring a smooth and stable scum scraping process. Finally, the clean water, after deep purification through coagulation-sedimentation-air flotation synergy, is discharged through the outlet 13 of the equipment shell 1, completing the entire water treatment process.

[0061] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features, or the tilt angle of the inclined plate or the amount of air bubbles can be fixed based on the actual water quality. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly integrated and efficient flotation device, the device comprising a housing (1) and a coagulation unit (2), a side-swirling sedimentation unit (3), and an air flotation unit (4) sequentially integrated in series within the housing (1) along the water flow direction, characterized in that, The side-swirling sedimentation unit (3) includes multiple inclined plate sedimentation units (31) arranged in parallel perpendicular to the water flow direction and an inclined plate mud-guiding unit (32) for generating swirl; the inclined plate sedimentation unit (31) is a folded equidistant inclined plate stacked structure, each inclined plate sedimentation unit (31) includes multiple adjustable tilt angle V-shaped inclined plate assemblies (33) stacked equidistantly from top to bottom and a tilt angle adjustment transmission mechanism (34) that provides power for adjusting the tilt angle of the multiple adjustable tilt angle V-shaped inclined plate assemblies (33); each adjustable tilt angle V-shaped inclined plate assembly (33) includes two plates hinged together by a hinge shaft (35). The passive telescopic plate (36) is V-shaped and the groove channel (37) is connected to the ends of the two passive telescopic plates (36). The two passive telescopic plates (36) are connected to the tilt angle adjustment transmission mechanism (34). The tilt angle adjustment transmission mechanism (34) drives the two passive telescopic plates (36) to rotate synchronously around the hinge axis (35) to change the V-shaped tilt angle. The inclined plate mud guide unit (32) is installed at the ends of the two groove channels (37) near the water inlet side, and the water outlet direction of the inclined plate mud guide unit (32) is set towards the groove channel (37).

2. The highly integrated and efficient submersible equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive telescopic plate (36) includes a fixed plate segment (361) and a movable plate segment (362). One end of the fixed plate segment (361) is provided with a bushing (363) for matching the hinge shaft (35). The fixed plate segment (361) has a cavity (364) for accommodating the movable plate segment (362). The other end of the fixed plate segment (361) is connected to an end cap (365) with an opening. One end of the movable plate segment (362) is slidably inserted into the opening of the end cap (365) and extends into the cavity (364). The movable plate segment (362) is located in the cavity (364). Part of the end is provided with anti-detachment block (366), and the front and rear ends of the fixed plate segment (361) are respectively provided with T-shaped guide grooves (367) arranged along the length direction of the fixed plate segment (361). The T-shaped guide groove (367) is fitted with a movable T-shaped pin (368). One end of the groove channel (37) is a plate structure with a semi-circular arc cross-section. The other end of the groove channel (37) is detachably fixed to the other end of the movable plate segment (362) through the channel connector (371). The upper surface of the groove channel (37) and the upper surface of the movable plate segment (362) are smoothly transitioned.

3. The highly integrated and efficient submersible equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The passive telescopic panel (36) has a panel length of 400-600mm, a vertical spacing between panels of 50-150mm, and an installation tilt angle of 50°-60°.

4. The highly integrated and efficient submersible equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined plate mud guiding unit (32) is a spiral water inlet pipe section, and the inclined plate mud guiding unit (32) is installed at the end of the trough channel (37) along the water flow direction.

5. The highly integrated and efficient submersible equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tilt adjustment transmission mechanism (34) includes four guide rails (341) and eight crossbeams (342). The four guide rails (341) are arranged vertically in pairs on the front and rear sides of the inclined plate sedimentation unit (31). The two ends of the four guide rails (341) are fixedly connected by the eight vertically arranged crossbeams (342). The side vortex sedimentation unit (3) is divided into independent chambers (39) of the inclined plate sedimentation unit (31) by vertical partitions (38). The inner side of the partition (38) is provided with a sliding groove (381) that slides with the guide rails (341). The inner side of the guide rails (341) is provided with a socket (343) for connecting the T-shaped pins (368).

6. The highly integrated and efficient submersible equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each independent chamber (39) inside the side swirling sedimentation unit (3) is provided with a sludge hopper (382) at the bottom, and the sludge hopper (382) is connected to a perforated sludge discharge pipe (383).

7. The highly integrated and efficient submersible equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment also includes a drive mechanism (5), which includes a motor reducer (51) and a screw and nut transmission mechanism (52). The motor reducer (51) is mounted on the cover plate (384) of the side vortex sedimentation unit (3). A vertically arranged screw and nut transmission mechanism (52) is provided below the motor reducer (51). The output shaft of the motor reducer (51) is connected to the top end of the screw (521) of the screw and nut transmission mechanism (52) through a coupling (56). 21) Both ends are rotatably connected to the upper transmission frame (54) and the lower transmission frame (55) through two bearings (57). The upper transmission frame (54) and the lower transmission frame (55) are respectively installed on the box cover plate (384) and the internal partition plate (38) of the side vortex sedimentation unit (3). The nut (522) of the screw nut transmission mechanism (52) is fixedly connected to the guide rail connecting bracket (53) through the connecting element. The guide rail connecting bracket (53) is also fixedly connected to the guide rail (341) of all tilt angle adjustment transmission mechanisms (34).

8. The highly integrated and efficient submersible equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air flotation unit (4) includes a micro-nano bubble generator (41) and a sludge scraper (42). The inlet end of the air flotation unit (4) is equipped with a micro-nano bubble generator (41) for filling the air flotation unit (4) with micro-nano bubbles. The sludge scraper (42) is located at the top of the air flotation unit (4). The sludge scraper (42) includes a sludge scraping drive motor (421), a drive shaft (422), and a transmission shaft (423). The sludge scraping drive motor (421) is installed on the outside of the side wall (385) of the side vortex sedimentation unit (3). The drive shaft (422) and the transmission shaft (423) are arranged horizontally on the front and rear sides of the air flotation unit (4) perpendicular to the water flow direction. (423) is rotatably connected to the top of the side wall (385) of the box body through four bearing seats (426). Two chain sprocket transmission mechanisms (424) are arranged horizontally above the air flotation unit (4) along the water flow direction. The driving sprockets (4241) of the two chain sprocket transmission mechanisms (424) are all installed on the drive shaft (422). The driven sprockets (4242) of the two chain sprocket transmission mechanisms (424) are all installed on the transmission shaft (423). The two driving sprockets (4241) are connected to the driven sprockets (4242) through two chains (4243). There are multiple scrapers (425) arranged equidistantly along the direction perpendicular to the water flow between the two chains (4243).

9. The highly integrated and efficient submersible equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment also includes a front perforated flower wall (6) and a rear perforated flower wall (7). The inlet and outlet of the side vortex sedimentation unit (3) are connected to the outlet of the coagulation unit (2) and the inlet of the air flotation unit (4) through the front perforated flower wall (6) and the rear perforated flower wall (7), respectively.

10. The highly integrated and efficient submersible equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coagulation unit (2) adopts a grid flocculation structure. Multiple water purification modules (21) are arranged in series along the water flow direction inside the coagulation unit (2). Multiple drain ports (11) are provided on the equipment housing (1) to connect with the lower ends of the multiple water purification modules (21) of the coagulation unit (2). The water inlet (12) and water outlet (13) of the equipment housing (1) are respectively provided to connect with the water inlet end of the coagulation unit (2) and the water outlet end of the air flotation unit (4).

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