Optical waveguide and conversion method and design optimization method of simulation data and actual measurement data of optical waveguide

Abstract

The invention provides an optical waveguide and a conversion method and a design optimization method of simulation data and actual measurement data of the optical waveguide. The conversion method comprises the following steps: respectively acquiring simulation efficiency data and actually measured brightness data of the optical waveguide; according to a light emitting model of the ray machine, first brightness under unit luminous flux of the ray machine is obtained through calculation; and converting the actually measured brightness data of the optical waveguide into actually measured efficiency data according to the actually measured brightness data and the first brightness of the optical waveguide, or converting the simulation efficiency data of the optical waveguide into simulation brightness data according to the simulation efficiency data and the first brightness of the optical waveguide. According to the method, simulation efficiency data and actual measurement efficiency data of the same type or simulation brightness data and actual measurement brightness data of the same type can be obtained through data conversion, the problem of communication and conversion between the simulation efficiency data of the optical waveguide design end and the actually tested brightness data can be solved, comparative analysis of the simulation end and the actual measurement end is achieved, and the simulation efficiency and the actual measurement efficiency of the optical waveguide design end are improved. And a basis is provided for further optical design optimization of the optical waveguide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical waveguide technology, and in particular to an optical waveguide and a method for converting simulation data and measured data, as well as a design optimization method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are no relevant national standards for augmented reality (AR) diffractive waveguides. A set of universal procedures and standards for judging and testing optical indicators has not yet been formed at the design, production, and finished product stages. Therefore, there is currently no unified and effective model specification and calculation method for diffractive waveguides, which is not conducive to the design and fabrication of diffractive waveguides.

[0003] In the design of AR diffractive waveguides, after determining the morphology and parameters of the micro / nano optical structure, diffraction order and diffraction efficiency are calculated using FMM (Fourier Modal Method) and RCWA (Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis). The data is expressed as a percentage, representing the energy of the diffracted light as the ratio of the incident light's energy. In the production and finished product stages, the measured optical efficiency is calculated by actually measuring the luminous flux of the optomechanical source and the brightness of the waveguide output image. The unit is nit / lm (nits / lumen). Simulated efficiency is a percentage, while measured optical efficiency is a numerical value with units, making direct comparison impossible. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an optical waveguide and a method for converting simulation data with measured data, as well as a design optimization method. This conversion method can obtain simulation efficiency data and measured efficiency data of the same type, or simulation brightness data and measured brightness data of the same type, through data conversion. It can solve the problem of connectivity conversion between simulation efficiency data and actual measured brightness data at the design end of the optical waveguide, realize the comparative analysis between the simulation end and the measured end, and provide a basis for further optical design optimization of the optical waveguide.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for converting optical waveguide simulation data and measured data is provided, comprising: The simulated efficiency data and the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide were obtained respectively. Based on the light output model of the optomechanic, the luminance per unit luminous flux of the optomechanic is calculated and defined as the first luminance; Based on the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide and the first brightness, the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide is converted into the measured efficiency data of the optical waveguide, or based on the simulated efficiency data of the optical waveguide and the first brightness, the simulated efficiency data of the optical waveguide is converted into the simulated brightness data of the optical waveguide, so as to realize the comparative analysis of the measured data and simulated data of the optical waveguide, and thus provide a basis for the optical design optimization of the optical waveguide.

[0006] Optionally, the first luminance is calculated according to the following formula: ; Wherein, FOV is the solid angle of the light emitted from the optomechanical engine; L0 is the first luminance, in nit / lm; w and d are the length and width of the optomechanical light-emitting screen, respectively.

[0007] Optionally, based on the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide and the first brightness, the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide is converted into measured efficiency data of the optical waveguide, including: The measured efficiency data of the optical waveguide was calculated using the following formula: ; Wherein, η1 is the measured efficiency data, and L1 is the measured brightness data.

[0008] Optionally, based on the simulated efficiency data of the optical waveguide and the first luminance, the simulated efficiency data of the optical waveguide is converted into simulated luminance data of the optical waveguide, including: The simulated brightness data of the optical waveguide is calculated using the following formula: ; Wherein, L2 is the simulated brightness data, and η2 is the simulated efficiency data.

[0009] Optionally, the simulation efficiency data is obtained by simulating the optical waveguide using a rigorous coupled-wave algorithm or the Fourier mode method.

[0010] Optionally, the measured brightness data is obtained by measuring the output image of the optical waveguide using an optical measurement device.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for designing and optimizing an optical waveguide is provided, comprising: Obtain the measured parameters of the optical waveguide and the measured brightness data output by the optical waveguide; The measured parameters of the optical waveguide are input into optical design simulation software to obtain the simulation efficiency data of the optical waveguide. Starting with the measured parameters, parameter adjustments are made in optical design simulation software to determine the design parameters of the optical waveguide, such that the simulation efficiency data corresponding to the design parameters is greater than the measured efficiency data, wherein the measured efficiency data is obtained by conversion according to the above-described conversion method; or... Starting with the measured parameters, the parameters are adjusted in the optical design simulation software to determine the design parameters of the optical waveguide, so that the simulated brightness data corresponding to the design parameters is greater than the measured brightness data. The simulated brightness data is obtained by conversion according to the above conversion method.

[0012] Optionally, the output image of the optical waveguide includes multiple sampling points, each of which has a corresponding sampling angle in spherical coordinates; Starting with the measured parameters, parameter adjustments are made in optical design simulation software to determine the design parameters of the optical waveguide, such that the simulation efficiency data corresponding to the design parameters is greater than the measured efficiency data, including: Obtain the simulation efficiency at each of the sampling angles; Based on the path of light rays within the sampling angle, the optimized region of the optical waveguide is determined; Adjust the parameters of the micro-nano optical structure within the optimized region of the optical waveguide until the simulated efficiency data at the sampling angle is greater than the measured efficiency data. Starting with the measured parameters, parameter adjustments are made in optical design simulation software to determine the design parameters of the optical waveguide, such that the simulated brightness data corresponding to the design parameters is greater than the measured brightness data, including: Obtain the simulation efficiency at each of the sampling angles; Based on the path of light rays within the sampling angle, the optimized region of the optical waveguide is determined; The parameters of the micro-nano optical structure within the optimized region of the optical waveguide are adjusted until the simulated brightness data corresponding to the sampling angle is greater than the measured brightness data of the sampling point corresponding to the sampling angle.

[0013] Optionally, the sampling angle is obtained using the following formula: ; ; Where, θ mn φ mn x represents the sampling angle in spherical coordinates corresponding to the sampling point of the image during actual measurement. mn y mn Here, m and n are the coordinates of the image sampling points during the actual measurement, respectively, and Z0 is the distance between the edge of the field of view's light convergence point and the output image. X0 and Y0 are the length and width of the output image, respectively, and FOV1 is the field of view. W / H is the aspect ratio of the output image of the optical waveguide.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, an optical waveguide is provided, comprising a micro / nano optical structure, wherein the parameters of the micro / nano optical structure are determined using the optical design optimization method described above.

[0015] The method for converting simulated and measured data of optical waveguides provided in this embodiment of the invention first obtains the simulated efficiency data and the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide; then, based on the light output model of the optomechanical system, the first luminance per unit luminous flux of the optomechanical system is calculated; next, based on the measured brightness data and the first luminance, the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide is converted into the measured efficiency data of the optical waveguide, so that the measured efficiency data and the simulated efficiency data are both expressed as percentages of the same type of data, or based on the simulated efficiency data and the first luminance, the simulated efficiency data of the optical waveguide is converted into the simulated brightness data of the optical waveguide, so that the simulated brightness data and the measured brightness data are both expressed in nits of the same type of data, so as to realize the comparative analysis of the measured and simulated data of the optical waveguide, and thus provide a basis for the optimization of the optical design of the optical waveguide. The conversion method provided in this invention can obtain the same type of simulated efficiency data and measured efficiency data, or the same type of simulated brightness data and measured brightness data, through data conversion. This can solve the problem of connectivity conversion between simulated efficiency data and actual measured brightness data at the optical waveguide design end, realize comparative analysis between the simulation end and the measured end, and provide a basis for further optical design optimization of optical waveguides.

[0016] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for converting optical waveguide simulation data to measured data, provided for the implementation of this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an optomechanical model provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3A flowchart illustrating another method for converting optical waveguide simulation data to measured data provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a design optimization method for an optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between sampling points and sampling angles provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating another optical waveguide design optimization method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terminology used in the embodiments of this invention is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. It should be noted that directional terms such as "above," "below," "left," and "right" described in the embodiments of this invention are used to describe the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this invention. Furthermore, in the context, it should be understood that when referring to an element being formed "above" or "below" another element, it can be formed not only directly "above" or "below" the other element, but also indirectly "above" or "below" the other element through an intermediate element. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. It should be understood that such terms can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0021] Since the simulated efficiency of optical waveguides is a percentage, while the measured optical efficiency is a numerical value with units, the two cannot be directly compared and analyzed. Therefore, this invention provides a method for converting simulated and measured data of optical waveguides. This method can convert the measured optical efficiency into a percentage of the same as the simulated efficiency, or convert the percentage of the simulated efficiency into simulated brightness data with the same units as the measured brightness. For example... Figure 1 This invention provides a flowchart illustrating a method for converting simulated and measured data of an optical waveguide. In this embodiment, the measured optical efficiency is converted into a percentage data identical to the simulated efficiency. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The conversion method includes: S110. Obtain the simulated efficiency data and the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide, respectively.

[0022] The simulation efficiency data of optical waveguides can be obtained by simulating the light transmission process in the optical waveguide using optical design simulation software. This software incorporates various algorithms, such as the Rigorous Coupled-Wave Algorithm (RCWA) and the Fourier Mode Method (FMM). Optionally, the simulation efficiency data can be obtained by simulating the optical waveguide using either the RCWA or the FMM. Specifically, the transmission process of light rays at different sampling angles in the micro / nano optical structure (e.g., a diffraction grating) of the optical waveguide is simulated using RCWA or FMM to obtain the single-shot diffraction efficiency of the diffracted rays propagating within the waveguide. Then, based on the actual waveguide path, the single-shot diffraction efficiency of all diffracted rays is simulated through optical field analysis to obtain the simulation efficiency data of the waveguide, which is the ratio of energy emitted to the human eye to the energy of the light source, expressed as percentages such as 0.09% and 0.17%.

[0023] Optionally, the measured brightness data is obtained from the output image of the optical waveguide measured by the optical measurement equipment.

[0024] Among them, optical measurement equipment can be a device assembled from a camera, lens and software algorithm, such as a colorimeter, to capture the output image of an optical waveguide and obtain the brightness of the output image, the unit of which is nit.

[0025] S120. Based on the light output model of the optomechanic, the luminance per unit luminous flux of the optomechanic is calculated and defined as the first luminance.

[0026] An optical engine is a device that outputs an image, consisting of a light-emitting screen / pixel array, an optical lens assembly, electrical components, and mechanical components. When performing luminous flux and brightness analysis, the optical engine can be simplified into a simple model consisting only of a light-emitting screen / pixel array that diverges at a certain solid angle (FOV).

[0027] Optionally, the first luminance is calculated according to the following formula: ; Wherein, FOV is the solid angle of the light emitted from the optical engine; L0 is the first luminance, in nit / lm; w and d are the length and width of the optical engine's light-emitting screen, respectively.

[0028] For example, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optomechanical model provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the luminous flux corresponding to the optomechanical parameters is converted so that it is replaced with luminous intensity data in nits, realizing the ratio of measured luminous intensity to light source luminous intensity, obtaining percentage data, and matching and analyzing it with simulation data. According to the optomechanical model, we can obtain: ; Where F is the luminous flux of the light emitted from the optical engine, in lm, and L is the luminous intensity of the optical engine per unit projected area and unit solid angle, in nits (cd / m²). 2 ), FOV is the solid angle of the emitted light from the optomechanical system, that is, the solid angle of a cone in three-dimensional space, with the unit sr. For example, the solid angle of a sphere is 2πsr, and the solid angle of a hemisphere is πsr. w and d are the length and width of the optomechanical emission screen, respectively. Normalizing L, we get: ; This allows the optical engine light source to be converted from luminous flux to luminous intensity, and then to luminous brightness, achieving consistency with the measurement units of the waveguide output image.

[0029] S130. Based on the measured brightness data and the first brightness of the optical waveguide, the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide is converted into the measured efficiency data of the optical waveguide, so as to realize the comparative analysis of the measured data and simulation data of the optical waveguide, and thus provide a basis for the optical design optimization of the optical waveguide.

[0030] After obtaining the measured luminance data and the first luminance with consistent units, the measured efficiency data expressed as a percentage can be obtained based on the ratio of the two. Optionally, based on the measured luminance data and the first luminance of the optical waveguide, the measured luminance data of the optical waveguide can be converted into measured efficiency data of the optical waveguide, including: The measured efficiency data of the optical waveguide is calculated using the following formula: ; Where η1 is the measured efficiency data and L1 is the measured brightness data.

[0031] For example, for a micro LED optical engine with a field of view (FOV) of 30° and a luminous flux of 2 lm, corresponding to a screen length and width of 0.26 cm and 0.20 cm, its luminance is L = 2 / (2 × π × (1 - cos(30° / 2)) × 0.26e). -2 ×0.20e -2)=1.798e 6 nit. Since the measured luminance has been normalized to nit / lm, the normalized luminous flux luminance L0 of the above optomechanics is 1.798e. 6 / 2=8.99e 5 nit / lm.

[0032] If the measured brightness data L1 of the corresponding optical waveguide lens is 1500 nits / lm, then the measured efficiency data η1 is 1500 / 8.99e. 5 =0.167%.

[0033] The conversion method between optical waveguide simulation data and measured data provided in this embodiment can convert measured brightness data into percentage data with the same simulation efficiency, solving the problem of connectivity conversion between simulation data and actual measured brightness data at the optical waveguide design end, and providing a basis for optical waveguide optical design optimization.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for converting simulated and measured data of optical waveguides according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, simulated brightness data with the same units as the measured brightness data will be calculated based on the simulation efficiency. Figure 3 The conversion method includes: S210. Obtain the simulated efficiency data and measured brightness data of the optical waveguide, respectively.

[0035] S220. Based on the light output model of the optomechanic, the luminance per unit luminous flux of the optomechanic is calculated and defined as the first luminance.

[0036] Content that is the same as in the foregoing embodiments can be referred to in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0037] S230. Based on the simulated efficiency data and the first brightness of the optical waveguide, the simulated efficiency data of the optical waveguide is converted into the simulated brightness data of the optical waveguide, so as to realize the comparative analysis of the measured data and the simulated data of the optical waveguide, and thus provide a basis for the optical design optimization of the optical waveguide.

[0038] After obtaining the simulation efficiency data and the initial luminance, the simulation luminance data in nits / lm can be obtained by multiplying the two. Optionally, based on the simulation efficiency data and the initial luminance of the optical waveguide, the simulation efficiency data of the optical waveguide can be converted into simulation luminance data, including: The simulated brightness data of the optical waveguide is calculated using the following formula: ; Where L2 represents the simulated brightness data and η2 represents the simulated efficiency data.

[0039] Similarly, taking the above specific embodiment as an example, the simulation efficiency data η2 can be multiplied by the luminous intensity per unit luminous flux of the optomechanical system to obtain the luminous intensity of the simulated waveguide output. For example, if the simulation efficiency η2 is 0.12%, the above optomechanical system can be used to calculate L2 = 0.12% × 8.99e 5 =1078.8 nit / lm.

[0040] The conversion method between optical waveguide simulation data and measured data provided in this embodiment can calculate simulated brightness data with the same units as measured brightness data based on simulation efficiency, solving the problem of connectivity conversion between simulation data and actual measured brightness data at the optical waveguide design end, and providing a basis for optical waveguide optical design optimization.

[0041] The conversion method provided in this invention connects simulation and actual measurement, enabling detailed analysis of simulation and processing. Problems such as low brightness and low uniformity discovered in actual measurements can be accurately analyzed during the simulation process, reducing the waste of manpower and resources. Furthermore, it allows for standardized production across the upstream and downstream industries, significantly promoting industry development.

[0042] Based on this, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for designing and optimizing optical waveguides. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a design optimization method for an optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 4 The design optimization method includes: S310. Obtain the measured parameters of the optical waveguide and the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide output.

[0043] The optical waveguide includes micro / nano optical structures, such as diffraction gratings. Waveguide parameters include the morphology, period, duty cycle, height, and refractive index of the waveguide substrate or grating—parameters that need to be input into the optical design simulation software. The measured parameters of the optical waveguide can be obtained using detection equipment; the specific type of equipment can be selected based on the actual situation, such as a microscope. The measured brightness data of the optical waveguide can be obtained using optical measurement equipment, such as a device assembled from a camera, lens, and software algorithm. Furthermore, it should be noted that the measured parameters of the optical waveguide mentioned above are merely exemplary and not specifically limited. In actual design, the required parameters can be obtained using detection equipment as needed.

[0044] S320. Input the measured parameters of the optical waveguide into the optical design simulation software to obtain the simulation efficiency data of the optical waveguide.

[0045] The measured parameters of the optical waveguide are input into optical design simulation software to simulate the light transmission process, thereby simulating the optical waveguide and obtaining simulation efficiency data. The specific type of optical design simulation software can be selected according to the actual situation, and this embodiment of the invention does not limit this.

[0046] S330. Starting with the measured parameters, adjust the parameters in the optical design simulation software to determine the design parameters of the optical waveguide, so that the simulation efficiency data corresponding to the design parameters is greater than the measured efficiency data.

[0047] The measured efficiency data was obtained by conversion based on the conversion method provided in the above embodiments.

[0048] The overall idea of ​​the design optimization method provided in this invention is as follows: First, the optical performance of the actually fabricated optical waveguide is tested, such as brightness and brightness uniformity. When these performance parameters are low, the measured parameters of the actually fabricated optical waveguide are input into optical design simulation software to obtain the simulation efficiency. Then, the parameters are adjusted in the optical design simulation software to improve the simulation efficiency. The optimized design parameters are then the required parameters. The waveguide is then fabricated using these design parameters to obtain the optimized optical waveguide product. Alternatively, if the performance of an existing product needs to be improved, the parameters of the existing optical waveguide product are input into optical design simulation software to obtain the simulation efficiency. The parameters are then adjusted in the optical design simulation software to improve the simulation efficiency (higher than the previously measured efficiency), thereby obtaining the optimized waveguide product.

[0049] In general, regardless of the situation, the parameters of the micro-nano optical components (diffraction gratings) of the actual fabricated waveguide product are first input into the optical design simulation software for simulation to obtain the simulation efficiency. Then, the parameters are adjusted until the simulation efficiency is improved.

[0050] The above is the overall approach to optical waveguide optimization. In the actual optimization process, it may be necessary to optimize only a part of the optical waveguide rather than the entire area. Optionally, the output image of the optical waveguide includes multiple sampling points, and each sampling point has a corresponding sampling angle in spherical coordinates. Starting with measured parameters, parameter adjustments are made in optical design simulation software to determine the design parameters of the optical waveguide, ensuring that the simulated efficiency data corresponding to the design parameters is greater than the measured efficiency data. This includes: Obtain the simulation efficiency at each sampling angle; Optionally, the sampling angle is obtained using the following formula: ; ; Where, θ mn φ mn x represents the sampling angle in spherical coordinates corresponding to the sampling point of the image during actual measurement. mn y mnHere, m and n are the coordinates of the image sampling points during actual measurement, respectively, and Z0 is the distance between the point where the light rays converge at the edge of the field of view and the output image. X0 and Y0 are the length and width of the output image, respectively, and FOV1 is the field of view. W / H is the aspect ratio of the output image from the optical waveguide.

[0051] For example, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between sampling points and sampling angles provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Discrete sampling is performed on the output image of the optical waveguide. The sampling points are matched according to the actual measured sampling points. The corresponding sampling angles are usually represented using spherical coordinates, i.e., θ and φ. The value of θ is a positive value, ranging from 0° to 90°. φ is taken as φ=0° in the right direction of the image, ranging from -180° to 180°.

[0052] Based on the path of light rays within the sampling angle, the optimization area of ​​the optical waveguide is determined; Based on the sampling angle, the propagation path of light in the optical waveguide can be obtained using optical design simulation software, thereby determining the optimization region of the optical waveguide. The optimization region of the optical waveguide is the region where the efficiency is less than the target value or where the efficiency needs to be improved.

[0053] Adjust the parameters of the micro-nano optical structure within the optimized region of the optical waveguide until the simulated efficiency data at the sampling angle is greater than the measured efficiency data. After determining the optimization region, the parameters within the optimization region are optimized starting from the measured parameters. After the parameters are optimized, simulation is performed. If the simulation results do not meet the conditions (the simulation efficiency data is less than or equal to the measured efficiency data), the parameters are optimized again and the simulation is performed again. This process is repeated multiple times until the target is achieved.

[0054] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating another optical waveguide design optimization method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, referred to... Figure 6 The design optimization method includes: S410: Obtain the measured parameters of the optical waveguide and the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide output.

[0055] S420. Input the measured parameters of the optical waveguide into the optical design simulation software to obtain the simulation efficiency data of the optical waveguide.

[0056] Content that is the same as in the foregoing embodiments can be referred to in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be described in detail here. S430. Starting with the measured parameters, adjust the parameters in the optical design simulation software to determine the design parameters of the optical waveguide, so that the simulated brightness data corresponding to the design parameters is greater than the measured brightness data.

[0057] The simulated brightness data was obtained by conversion based on the conversion method provided in the above embodiments.

[0058] Optionally, the output image of the optical waveguide includes multiple sampling points, each of which has a corresponding sampling angle in spherical coordinates; Starting with measured parameters, parameter adjustments are made in optical design simulation software to determine the design parameters of the optical waveguide, ensuring that the simulated brightness data corresponding to the design parameters is greater than the measured brightness data. This includes: Obtain the simulation efficiency at each sampling angle; Based on the path of light rays within the sampling angle, the optimization area of ​​the optical waveguide is determined; Adjust the parameters of the micro-nano optical structure within the optimized region of the optical waveguide until the simulated brightness data at the sampling angle is greater than the measured brightness data at the sampling point corresponding to the sampling angle.

[0059] After determining the optimization region, the parameters within the optimization region are optimized starting from the measured parameters. After the parameters are optimized, simulation is performed. If the simulation results do not meet the conditions (the simulated brightness data is less than or equal to the measured brightness data), the parameters are optimized again and the simulation is performed again. This process is repeated multiple times until the target is achieved.

[0060] This invention also provides an optical waveguide, including a micro / nano optical structure, wherein the parameters of the micro / nano optical structure are determined using the optical design optimization method provided in the above embodiments.

[0061] The parameters of the micro / nano optical structure of the optical waveguide provided in the embodiments of the present invention are determined using the optical design optimization method provided in the above embodiments, which can achieve higher optical efficiency.

[0062] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for converting simulated data and measured data of optical waveguides, characterized in that, include: The simulated efficiency data and the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide were obtained respectively. Based on the light output model of the optomechanic, the luminance per unit luminous flux of the optomechanic is calculated and defined as the first luminance; Based on the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide and the first brightness, the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide is converted into the measured efficiency data of the optical waveguide, or based on the simulated efficiency data of the optical waveguide and the first brightness, the simulated efficiency data of the optical waveguide is converted into the simulated brightness data of the optical waveguide, so as to realize the comparative analysis of the measured data and simulated data of the optical waveguide, and thus provide a basis for the optical design optimization of the optical waveguide.

2. The method for converting optical waveguide simulation data to measured data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first luminance is calculated according to the following formula: ； Wherein, FOV is the solid angle of the light emitted from the optomechanical engine; L0 is the first luminance, in nit / lm; w and d are the length and width of the optomechanical light-emitting screen, respectively.

3. The method for converting optical waveguide simulation data to measured data according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide and the first brightness, the measured brightness data of the optical waveguide is converted into measured efficiency data of the optical waveguide, including: The measured efficiency data of the optical waveguide was calculated using the following formula: ； Wherein, η1 is the measured efficiency data, and L1 is the measured brightness data.

4. The method for converting optical waveguide simulation data to measured data according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the simulated efficiency data of the optical waveguide and the first luminance, the simulated efficiency data of the optical waveguide is converted into simulated luminance data of the optical waveguide, including: The simulated brightness data of the optical waveguide is calculated using the following formula: ； Wherein, L2 is the simulated brightness data, and η2 is the simulated efficiency data.

5. The method for converting optical waveguide simulation data to measured data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation efficiency data is obtained by simulating the optical waveguide using a rigorous coupled-wave algorithm or the Fourier mode method.

6. The method for converting optical waveguide simulation data to measured data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measured brightness data is obtained by measuring the output image of the optical waveguide using optical measurement equipment.

7. A method for designing and optimizing an optical waveguide, characterized in that, include: Obtain the measured parameters of the optical waveguide and the measured brightness data output by the optical waveguide; The measured parameters of the optical waveguide are input into optical design simulation software to obtain the simulation efficiency data of the optical waveguide. Starting with the measured parameters, parameter adjustments are made in optical design simulation software to determine the design parameters of the optical waveguide, such that the simulation efficiency data corresponding to the design parameters is greater than the measured efficiency data. The measured efficiency data is obtained by conversion according to any one of the conversion methods described in claims 1-4; or... Starting with the measured parameters, the parameters are adjusted in the optical design simulation software to determine the design parameters of the optical waveguide, so that the simulated brightness data corresponding to the design parameters is greater than the measured brightness data, wherein the simulated brightness data is obtained by conversion according to any one of the conversion methods described in claims 1 to 4.

8. The optical waveguide design optimization method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The output image of the optical waveguide includes multiple sampling points, and each sampling point has a corresponding sampling angle in spherical coordinates. Starting with the measured parameters, parameter adjustments are made in optical design simulation software to determine the design parameters of the optical waveguide, such that the simulation efficiency data corresponding to the design parameters is greater than the measured efficiency data, including: Obtain the simulation efficiency at each of the sampling angles; Based on the path of light rays within the sampling angle, the optimized region of the optical waveguide is determined; Adjust the parameters of the micro-nano optical structure within the optimized region of the optical waveguide until the simulated efficiency data at the sampling angle is greater than the measured efficiency data. Starting with the measured parameters, parameter adjustments are made in optical design simulation software to determine the design parameters of the optical waveguide, such that the simulated brightness data corresponding to the design parameters is greater than the measured brightness data, including: Obtain the simulation efficiency at each of the sampling angles; Based on the path of light rays within the sampling angle, the optimized region of the optical waveguide is determined; The parameters of the micro-nano optical structure within the optimized region of the optical waveguide are adjusted until the simulated brightness data corresponding to the sampling angle is greater than the measured brightness data of the sampling point corresponding to the sampling angle.

9. The optical waveguide design optimization method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sampling angle is obtained using the following formula: ； ； Where, θ mn φ mn x represents the sampling angle in spherical coordinates corresponding to the sampling point of the image during actual measurement. mn y mn Here, m and n are the coordinates of the image sampling points during the actual measurement, respectively, and Z0 is the distance between the edge of the field of view's light convergence point and the output image. X0 and Y0 are the length and width of the output image, respectively, and FOV1 is the field of view. W / H is the aspect ratio of the output image of the optical waveguide.

10. An optical waveguide, characterized in that, It includes micro-nano optical structures, the parameters of which are determined using the optical design optimization method described in any one of claims 7 to 9.

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