Camshaft-based apparent defect detection method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of camshaft detection, and particularly discloses an apparent defect detection method and system based on a camshaft. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a standard camshaft, planning an appearance inspection-around route, carrying out standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft to obtain standard appearance data, and recording standard environment data; carrying out coincidence judgment and feedback adjustment on the detection environment; performing detection appearance shooting to obtain detection appearance data; and based on the standard appearance data, performing comparison detection on the detected appearance data, judging whether appearance defects exist or not, and generating an appearance detection report. According to the invention, the appearance detection-around route can be planned, the standard appearance data can be acquired, and the standard environment data can be recorded, so that the camshaft to be detected is subjected to feedback adjustment of the detection environment, detection appearance shooting and standard comparison detection, automatic and detailed appearance defect monitoring on the appearance of the camshaft can be realized, and the consistency of the detection environment is ensured; and the reliability of detection results is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of camshaft detection, and particularly relates to a camshaft-based appearance defect detection method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key component for controlling the opening and closing time of the engine intake and exhaust valves, the precision of the camshaft directly affects the combustion efficiency, power output and emission performance of the engine.

[0003] Camshaft detection is a process of comprehensively detecting and evaluating the geometric size, shape precision, surface defects and assembly performance of the camshaft in the engine or mechanical system by using various sensing, measuring and analyzing technologies, mainly including cam profile curve detection, journal roundness and coaxiality detection, phase angle and lift curve detection, surface roughness and hardness detection, etc. The detection methods can be divided into two categories: contact type and non-contact type. The former mainly uses mechanical gauges or three-coordinate measuring machines for high-precision measurement, and the latter uses laser ranging, machine vision or optical interference technology to realize rapid detection.

[0004] In the prior art, although machine vision or laser scanning technology is introduced for appearance defect detection of the camshaft, it is mostly in single-view or line scanning mode, which is difficult to cover the complex curved surface structure of the camshaft, especially in the transition area of the cam and the journal, the oil hole edge and other parts, which is prone to detection blind area, resulting in missed detection or false detection of defects, and the detection is easily affected by environmental factors, and the detection result is unreliable. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the application is to provide a camshaft-based appearance defect detection method and system, which aims to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiments of the application provide the following technical solutions: The camshaft-based appearance defect detection method specifically includes the following steps: Select a standard camshaft, plan an appearance detection route, perform standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance detection route, obtain standard appearance data, and record standard environment data; Determine a camshaft to be detected, perform current environment monitoring, perform compliance judgment and feedback adjustment of the detection environment according to the standard environment data; Perform detection appearance shooting on the camshaft to be detected according to the appearance detection route, and obtain detection appearance data of the camshaft to be detected; Compare and detect the detection appearance data based on the standard appearance data, judge whether there is an appearance defect, and generate an appearance detection report.

[0007] As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the selecting the standard camshaft, planning the appearance inspection route, performing standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, acquiring standard appearance data, and recording standard environment data specifically include the following steps: receiving an appearance defect detection request; identifying the appearance defect detection request to determine the type of camshaft to be detected; selecting a standard camshaft according to the type of camshaft; planning an appearance inspection route, performing standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, acquiring standard appearance data, and recording standard environment data.

[0008] As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the planning the appearance inspection route, performing standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, acquiring standard appearance data, and recording standard environment data specifically include the following steps: acquiring appearance size data of the standard camshaft; constructing an inspection space coordinate system based on the appearance size data; planning inspection position data and inspection angle data corresponding to a plurality of detection points in the inspection space coordinate system; generating an appearance inspection route by integrating the inspection position data and the inspection angle data; performing standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route to acquire standard appearance data; recording standard environment data.

[0009] As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the determining the camshaft to be detected, performing current environment monitoring, performing compliance judgment and feedback adjustment of the detection environment according to the standard environment data specifically include the following steps: determining the camshaft to be detected; performing current environment monitoring to acquire current environment data; comparing the current environment data with the standard environment data to determine whether the detection environment is compliant; planning environment adjustment parameters when the detection environment is not compliant; performing feedback adjustment of the detection environment according to the environment adjustment parameters.

[0010] As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the performing detection appearance shooting on the camshaft to be detected according to the appearance inspection route to acquire detection appearance data of the camshaft to be detected specifically include the following steps: According to the appearance inspection route, a shooting control signal is generated; According to the shooting control signal, detection appearance shooting control of the camshaft to be detected is performed; The transmitted detection appearance data is received.

[0011] As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the comparison detection of the detection appearance data based on the standard appearance data to determine whether there is an appearance defect and the generation of an appearance detection report specifically include the following steps: The comparison detection of the detection appearance data based on the standard appearance data to determine whether there is an appearance defect; When there is no appearance defect, a qualified appearance detection report is directly generated; When there is an appearance defect, the defect position and the defect type are identified and determined; According to the defect position and the defect type, an unqualified appearance detection report is generated.

[0012] The appearance defect detection system of the camshaft includes a standard appearance shooting unit, a detection environment adjusting unit, a detection appearance shooting unit, and a comparison detection analysis unit, wherein: The standard appearance shooting unit is used to select a standard camshaft, plan an appearance inspection route, perform standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, obtain standard appearance data, and record standard environment data; The detection environment adjusting unit is used to determine a camshaft to be detected, perform current environment monitoring, and perform detection environment compliance judgment and feedback adjustment according to the standard environment data; The detection appearance shooting unit is used to perform detection appearance shooting on the camshaft to be detected according to the appearance inspection route, and obtain detection appearance data of the camshaft to be detected; The comparison detection analysis unit is used to perform comparison detection of the detection appearance data based on the standard appearance data, determine whether there is an appearance defect, and generate an appearance detection report.

[0013] As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the standard appearance shooting unit specifically includes: The request receiving module is used to receive an appearance defect detection request; The request identification module is used to identify the appearance defect detection request and determine the type of camshaft to be detected; The standard camshaft selection module is used to select a standard camshaft according to the type of camshaft; A standard appearance shooting module is configured to plan an appearance inspection route, shoot the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, obtain standard appearance data, and record standard environment data.

[0014] As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the standard appearance shooting module specifically comprises: An appearance size data obtaining submodule is configured to obtain appearance size data of the standard camshaft. A coordinate system constructing submodule is configured to construct an inspection space coordinate system based on the appearance size data. An inspection planning submodule is configured to plan inspection position data and inspection angle data corresponding to a plurality of inspection points in the inspection space coordinate system. A route generating submodule is configured to generate an appearance inspection route by comprehensively considering the inspection position data and the inspection angle data. A standard appearance shooting submodule is configured to shoot the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, and obtain standard appearance data. A standard environment recording submodule is configured to record standard environment data.

[0015] As a further limitation of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the detection environment adjusting unit specifically comprises: A to-be-inspected camshaft determining module is configured to determine a to-be-inspected camshaft. A current environment monitoring module is configured to monitor a current environment and obtain current environment data. A detection environment comparison module is configured to compare the current environment data with the standard environment data, and determine whether the current environment is suitable for detection. An environment adjustment planning module is configured to plan environment adjustment parameters when the current environment is not suitable for detection. An environment feedback adjusting module is configured to adjust the detection environment according to the environment adjustment parameters.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages: The embodiment of the application plans an appearance around detection route by selecting a standard camshaft, performs standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft, obtains standard appearance data, and records standard environment data; performs conformity judgment and feedback adjustment on a detection environment; performs detection appearance shooting to obtain detection appearance data; based on the standard appearance data, performs comparison detection on the detection appearance data to judge whether there is appearance defect, and generates an appearance detection report. The appearance around detection route can be planned, the standard appearance data can be obtained, and the standard environment data can be recorded, and then the feedback adjustment on the detection environment is performed on the camshaft to be detected, the detection appearance shooting and the standard comparison detection are performed, the automatic and detailed appearance defect monitoring on the camshaft appearance can be realized, and the consistency of the detection environment is ensured, and the reliability of the detection result is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application.

[0018] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 A flow chart of the standard camshaft selection process in the method provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 A flow chart of the standard appearance shooting in the method provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 A flow chart of the detection environment feedback adjustment in the method provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0022] Figure 5 A flow chart of the detection appearance shooting in the method provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0023] Figure 6 A flow chart of the generation of the appearance detection report in the method provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0024] Figure 7 An application architecture diagram of the system provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0025] Figure 8 A structure block diagram of the standard appearance shooting unit in the system provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0026] Figure 9 A structure block diagram of the standard appearance shooting module in the system provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0027] Figure 10 A structural block diagram of detecting an environmental adjustment unit in a system provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0029] It can be understood that, in the prior art, for the appearance defect detection of a camshaft, although machine vision or laser scanning technology is introduced, it is mostly in a single visual angle or line scanning mode, and it is difficult to cover the complex curved surface structure of the camshaft, especially in the transition area of the cam and the shaft neck, the edge of the oil hole and other parts, which is prone to detection blind area, resulting in missed detection or false detection of defects, and the detection is easily affected by environmental factors, and the detection result is unreliable.

[0030] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present application plans an appearance detection route by selecting a standard camshaft, performs standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance detection route, obtains standard appearance data, and records standard environmental data; determines a camshaft to be detected, performs current environmental monitoring, performs compliance judgment and feedback adjustment of the detection environment according to the standard environmental data; performs detection appearance shooting on the camshaft to be detected according to the appearance detection route, obtains detection appearance data of the camshaft to be detected; and performs comparative detection on the detection appearance data based on the standard appearance data, judges whether there is an appearance defect, and generates an appearance detection report.

[0031] The present application can plan an appearance detection route, obtain standard appearance data, and record standard environmental data, and then perform feedback adjustment of the detection environment on the camshaft to be detected, and can realize automatic and detailed appearance defect monitoring of the camshaft appearance through detection appearance shooting and standard comparative detection, and ensure the consistency of the detection environment and improve the reliability of the detection result.

[0032] Figure 1 A flowchart of the method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0033] Specifically, the appearance defect detection method based on a camshaft specifically includes the following steps: Step S101, a standard camshaft is selected, an appearance detection route is planned, standard appearance shooting is performed on the standard camshaft according to the appearance detection route, standard appearance data is obtained, and standard environmental data is recorded.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present application, in the scene where the appearance defect detection of the camshaft needs to be performed, the appearance defect detection request uploaded by the worker is received, the appearance defect detection request is identified, the type of the camshaft to be detected is determined, then the standard camshaft is selected according to the type of the camshaft, the appearance size data of the standard camshaft is obtained, the appearance detection space coordinate system is constructed based on the appearance size data of the standard camshaft, in the appearance detection space coordinate system, a plurality of detection points are planned along the outside of the standard camshaft, and the appearance detection position data and the appearance detection angle data corresponding to the plurality of detection points are determined, then the appearance detection route is generated by comprehensively combining the appearance detection position data and the appearance detection angle data, then the appearance shooting around control is performed according to the appearance detection route, the standard appearance shooting of the standard camshaft is realized, and in the process of the standard appearance shooting, the support point of the standard camshaft is changed to avoid the existence of the shooting dead angle, the standard appearance data is obtained, and the standard environment data is recorded.

[0035] Specifically, Figure 2 A flowchart of the standard camshaft selection process in the method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0036] In the preferred embodiment provided by the present application, the selection of the standard camshaft, the planning of the appearance detection route, the standard appearance shooting of the standard camshaft according to the appearance detection route, the obtaining of the standard appearance data, and the recording of the standard environment data specifically include the following steps: Step S1011, receiving an appearance defect detection request; Step S1012, identifying the appearance defect detection request to determine the type of the camshaft to be detected; Step S1013, selecting a standard camshaft according to the type of the camshaft; Step S1014, planning an appearance detection route, performing standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance detection route, obtaining standard appearance data, and recording standard environment data.

[0037] Specifically, the identification of the appearance defect detection request to determine the type of the camshaft to be detected specifically includes the following steps: Obtaining camshaft identification information from the data of the appearance defect detection request; using a preset representation format rule to extract camshaft model related description content from the camshaft identification information to obtain camshaft model description; Based on the preset camshaft type mapping table entries and the camshaft model description, by comparing the description content and the corresponding relationship of the mapping table entries, the camshaft type code matched with the camshaft model description is determined to obtain the matched corresponding camshaft type code; Accessing a type record in the preset camshaft database, querying a camshaft item associated with a corresponding camshaft type code matched to obtain a candidate camshaft type set; Comparing the candidate camshaft type code in the candidate camshaft type set with the corresponding camshaft type code matched item by item, and screening out the item with the same type code as the type to be detected; Using the preset verification rule, detecting the existence state and integrity of the type to be detected in the preset camshaft database to verify the availability of the type to be detected and determine the type of the camshaft to be detected.

[0038] Further, the present application extracts the camshaft model description from the detection request, matches the type code combined with the preset mapping table, and then queries the database to obtain the candidate set and screen out the completely consistent item. Finally, the existence and data integrity are ensured through the verification rule, so as to realize the accurate, efficient and automatic determination of the camshaft type, and significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of the detection process.

[0039] Further, the preset verification rule specifically includes the following executable logical judgment conditions and operation steps: Existence state verification condition: query the preset camshaft database, if there is no corresponding item matched to the type code, the existence state of the item is marked as "invalid"; if there is an item, further check whether the "data state" field is "active", only when the state is "active", the existence state of the item is determined as "valid"; Data integrity verification condition: extract the necessary data fields from the existing item, at least including "contour point cloud data", "reference axis equation" and "standard appearance image set". Compare the extracted field list with the "necessary field list" defined in the preset mapping table for the type code; only when all the necessary fields exist and their data are not empty, the data field integrity state can be determined as "complete"; The content of the logical fusion decision rule is as follows: The condition for the preliminary verification result to be established is that the existence state of the item is "valid" and the complete state of the data field is "complete"; The condition for the type matching state to be established is that the "camshaft model description" extracted from the database item and the "camshaft identification information" obtained from the detection request are string matched, and the similarity reaches a preset threshold (such as 95%); The final verification decision rule is that the preliminary verification result is established and the type matching state is established, and if any of the above conditions is not met, the verification state result is "not passed"; Availability evaluation criterion: according to the verification state result, if it is "pass", further check whether the "detection applicability flag" associated with the type code is "true", and confirm whether its "last calibration date" is within the preset valid period. Only when both "applicability is true" and "within the calibration validity period" are met, the availability judgment result is "available"; Execution and fault tolerance: according to the availability judgment result, if it is "available", the system locks this camshaft item for subsequent detection; if it is "unavailable", the current process is terminated, and an error code and prompt information containing specific failure reasons (such as data missing, model mismatch or expiration) are returned to the system.

[0040] Specifically, the existence state and integrity of the camshaft type to be detected in the preset camshaft database are detected by using the preset verification rule to verify the availability of the camshaft type to be detected, and the camshaft type to be detected is determined, and the specific steps are as follows: Query and match the item associated with the corresponding camshaft type code from the preset camshaft database; obtain the data storage state through the item associated with the corresponding camshaft type code to determine the existence state of the item; According to the existence state of the item, extract the data field associated with the corresponding camshaft type code, and compare the data field with the preset camshaft type mapping table item to determine the integrity state of the data field; Using the preset verification rule, judge whether the existence state of the item and the integrity state of the data field satisfy the verification condition at the same time through logical operation, and get the preliminary verification result; According to the preliminary verification result, extract the camshaft model description from the preset camshaft database, and perform string matching with the camshaft identification information to obtain the model matching state; Get the decision rule based on the preset verification rule; integrate the preliminary verification result and the model matching state, and perform state fusion processing according to the decision rule to judge whether the verification is passed and the model is consistent, and get the verification state result; According to the verification state result, combine the type record in the preset camshaft database to perform availability evaluation detection on the camshaft type to be detected to obtain the availability judgment result; Based on the availability judgment result, select the camshaft item associated with the corresponding camshaft type code from the preset camshaft database to determine the camshaft type to be detected.

[0041] Further, the application builds a rigorous closed-loop verification process by systematically checking the existence of database entries, data field integrity and model description matching degree, and making logical decisions and availability assessment based on preset rules, thereby ensuring that the finally determined camshaft type is not only data complete and truly existing, but also highly consistent with the detection request, improving the accuracy and reliability of the type determination link, and laying a solid and reliable data foundation for subsequent detection.

[0042] Further, the availability assessment specifically includes the following executable verification steps and judgment criteria: Data completeness verification: the camshaft type to be detected with a verification status result of "pass" needs to ensure that its associated data in the preset camshaft database meets the minimum requirements of the detection process, specifically including: having a complete "standard appearance data" reference path, a valid "appearance detection route" parameter set, and a corresponding "standard environment data" template; Status flag verification: access the "detection applicability flag" field of the camshaft type in the database. Only when the flag value is the preset "enabled" or "available" state, the next verification step is entered; if it is "disabled" or "under maintenance", it is judged as unavailable; Time effectiveness verification: check the "last calibration date" or "data validity period" field in the camshaft type record. The system compares the current date with the date, and must ensure that it is within the preset valid time window (for example, not more than 12 months from the last calibration date), and is judged as unavailable if it is overdue; System resource compliance verification: check whether the "standard appearance data" file corresponding to the type is successfully loaded into the detection memory, and verify whether its "appearance detection route" is compatible with the mechanical motion range and degrees of freedom of the current detection system. If any of the resource loading fails or the hardware is incompatible, it is judged as unavailable; Evaluation decision and output: only when all the above verification steps are successfully passed, the availability judgment result is "available"; if any step fails, the result is "unavailable", and a status log containing the specific failure reason (such as "data missing", "flag disabled", "calibration overdue" or "resource incompatible") is generated, and the subsequent detection process is terminated.

[0043] Specifically, Figure 3 A flowchart of the standard appearance shooting in the method provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0044] In the preferred embodiment provided by the application, the planning of the appearance detection route, the standard appearance shooting of the standard camshaft according to the appearance detection route, the acquisition of the standard appearance data, and the recording of the standard environment data specifically include the following steps: Step S10141, obtain the appearance size data of the standard camshaft; Step S10142, based on the appearance size data, construct a round inspection space coordinate system; Step S10143, in the round inspection space coordinate system, plan round inspection position data and round inspection angle data corresponding to a plurality of detection points; Step S10144, integrate the round inspection position data and the round inspection angle data to generate an appearance round inspection route; Step S10145, according to the appearance round inspection route, perform standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft to obtain standard appearance data; Step S10146, record standard environment data.

[0045] Specifically, in the round inspection space coordinate system, the round inspection position data and the round inspection angle data corresponding to a plurality of detection points are planned, and the specific steps are as follows: The appearance size data is subjected to geometric feature extraction processing to obtain a path planning reference axis and a curvature point set; According to the curvature point set and a preset threshold, a contour complex region and a flat region are determined; along the direction of the path planning reference axis, a preliminary detection segment list is obtained by dividing at a preset interval; based on the preliminary detection segment list, the preliminary detection segment list is optimized by using the distribution density of the curvature point set to obtain an optimized detection segment list; wherein the optimization process is: increasing the density of detection points in the contour complex region, and reducing the density of points in the flat region; In the round inspection space coordinate system, geometric calculation is performed on each independent section in the optimized detection segment list to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the section center point; according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the section center point, the normal vector direction of the contour surface where the section center point is located is calculated to obtain the normal vector direction corresponding to the detection segment; Using the normal vector direction corresponding to the detection segment, the deflection angle required for the current detection point is calculated based on the detection device being perpendicular to the detected surface point reference to obtain a deflection angle set; The data in the deflection angle set is integrated to obtain a preliminary round inspection data set; the preliminary round inspection data set is simulated and verified in the round inspection space coordinate system to obtain round inspection position data and round inspection angle data; the round inspection position data and the round inspection angle data are generated according to a preset path to obtain a mechanical motion path, so as to complete the planning of the round inspection position data and the round inspection angle data corresponding to a plurality of detection points.

[0046] Further, the present application realizes adaptive detection point layout by extracting camshaft geometric features and dynamically optimizing detection segment density according to curvature distribution, enhances coverage in complex contour areas and saves resources in flat areas, and then calculates normal vectors of each section accurately and derives the best deflection angle of the detection device, combines simulation verification to generate the final mechanical motion path, so as to ensure no blind area and high-precision image acquisition while improving the pertinence of the detection path and the overall detection efficiency.

[0047] Specifically, in the detection space coordinate system, the three-dimensional coordinates of the center point of each independent section in the optimized detection segment list are obtained through geometric calculation; the normal vector direction of the contour surface where the center point of the section is located is calculated according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the center point of the section, so as to obtain the normal vector direction corresponding to the detection segment, and the following steps are further included: According to the path planning reference axis and the curvature point set, all curvature points corresponding to the target section are extracted by matching and screening the section boundary range and the curvature point coordinates, and a section curvature point set is obtained; The arithmetic average of the X, Y and Z coordinate components of all curvature points is calculated using the section curvature point set, and multiple point coordinates are fused into a single representative point through average processing, so as to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the center point of the section; According to the three-dimensional coordinates of the center point of the section, the nearest curvature point group is selected from the section curvature point set through Euclidean distance calculation, and the number of the nearest curvature points is preset according to the distribution density of the complex contour area and the flat area; The three-dimensional direction vectors between each curvature point in the nearest curvature point group and the center point of the section are calculated, and the X, Y and Z components of all direction vectors are arithmetically averaged to determine the preliminary normal vector direction; The preliminary normal vector direction is standardized through vector length calculation to adjust the length of the preliminary normal vector direction to a uniform unit value, so as to determine the unit normal vector direction; Using the unit normal vector direction, the perpendicular relationship between the unit normal vector direction and the path planning reference axis is verified through dot product operation combined with the path planning reference axis, so as to determine the normal vector direction corresponding to the detection segment.

[0048] Further, the present application realizes adaptive detection point layout by extracting camshaft geometric features and dynamically optimizing detection segment density according to curvature distribution, enhances coverage in complex contour areas and saves resources in flat areas, and then calculates normal vectors of each section accurately and derives the best deflection angle of the detection device, combines simulation verification to generate the final mechanical motion path, so as to ensure no blind area and high-precision image acquisition while improving the pertinence of the detection path and the overall detection efficiency.

[0049] Further, the appearance defect detection method based on the camshaft further comprises the following steps: Step S102, determining the camshaft to be detected, performing current environment monitoring, and performing compliance judgment and feedback adjustment of the detection environment according to the standard environment data.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, the camshaft to be detected belonging to the camshaft type is determined, the current environment is monitored for illumination, the current environment data is obtained, the current environment data is compared based on the standard environment data, and it is judged whether it conforms to the detection environment. When the current environment data is inconsistent with the standard environment data, it is determined that it does not conform to the detection environment. At this time, the environmental adjustment parameters of the environmental illumination such as illumination position, illumination intensity and illumination color temperature are planned, and then the feedback adjustment of the detection environment is performed according to the environmental adjustment parameters, so as to ensure that the current environmental illumination is consistent with the standard environmental illumination.

[0051] Specifically, Figure 4 The flowchart of the feedback adjustment of the detection environment in the method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0052] In the preferred embodiment provided by the present application, the determination of the camshaft to be detected, the current environment monitoring, the compliance judgment and the feedback adjustment of the detection environment according to the standard environment data specifically include the following steps: Step S1021, determining the camshaft to be detected; Step S1022, performing current environment monitoring to obtain current environment data; Step S1023, comparing the current environment data based on the standard environment data to judge whether it conforms to the detection environment; Step S1024, planning environmental adjustment parameters when it does not conform to the detection environment; Step S1025, performing feedback adjustment of the detection environment according to the environmental adjustment parameters.

[0053] Further, the appearance defect detection method based on the camshaft further includes the following steps: Step S103, performing detection appearance shooting of the camshaft to be detected according to the appearance detection route to obtain detection appearance data of the camshaft to be detected.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present application, the corresponding shooting control signal is generated according to the appearance detection route, and then the surround control of the appearance shooting is performed according to the shooting control signal, so as to realize the detection appearance shooting of the camshaft to be detected. After the detection appearance shooting is completed, the transmitted detection appearance data is received.

[0055] Specifically, Figure 5 The flowchart of the detection appearance shooting in the method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0056] In the preferred embodiments provided by the present application, the step of acquiring the detection appearance data of the camshaft to be detected by taking appearance pictures of the camshaft to be detected according to the appearance detection route specifically includes the following steps: In step S1031, a shooting control signal is generated according to the appearance detection route. In step S1032, the appearance pictures of the camshaft to be detected are taken according to the shooting control signal. In step S1033, the transmitted detection appearance data is received.

[0057] Further, the appearance defect detection method based on the camshaft further includes the following steps: In step S104, the detection appearance data is compared with the standard appearance data to determine whether the camshaft has appearance defects, and an appearance detection report is generated.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present application, the detection appearance data is compared with the standard appearance data to determine whether the camshaft has appearance defects. When the detection appearance data and the standard appearance data are consistent in shape, color and texture, it is determined that the camshaft does not have appearance defects. In this case, a qualified appearance detection report is directly generated according to a preset qualified report template. When the detection appearance data and the standard appearance data are inconsistent in shape, color and / or texture, it is determined that the camshaft has appearance defects. In this case, the defect position and the defect type of the camshaft to be detected are identified and determined, and an unqualified appearance detection report is generated in a preset unqualified report template according to the defect position and the defect type.

[0059] Specifically, Figure 6 A flowchart of generating an appearance detection report in the method provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0060] In the preferred embodiments provided by the present application, the step of comparing the detection appearance data with the standard appearance data to determine whether the camshaft has appearance defects and generating an appearance detection report specifically includes the following steps: In step S1041, the detection appearance data is compared with the standard appearance data to determine whether the camshaft has appearance defects. In step S1042, when the camshaft does not have appearance defects, a qualified appearance detection report is directly generated. In step S1043, when the camshaft has appearance defects, the defect position and the defect type are identified and determined. In step S1044, an unqualified appearance detection report is generated according to the defect position and the defect type.

[0061] Further, Figure 7 An application architecture diagram of the system provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0062] In another preferred embodiment provided by the application, the camshaft appearance defect detection system comprises: The standard appearance shooting unit 101 is configured to select a standard camshaft, plan an appearance inspection route, perform standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, obtain standard appearance data, and record standard environment data.

[0063] In the embodiment of the application, in a scenario where appearance defect detection of a camshaft is required, the standard appearance shooting unit 101 receives an appearance defect detection request uploaded by a worker, identifies the appearance defect detection request, determines a type of camshaft to be detected, selects a standard camshaft according to the type of camshaft, obtains appearance size data of the standard camshaft, constructs an inspection space coordinate system based on the appearance size data of the standard camshaft, plans a plurality of detection points along the outer side of the standard camshaft in the inspection space coordinate system, determines inspection position data and inspection angle data corresponding to the plurality of detection points, generates an appearance inspection route by comprehensively considering the inspection position data and the inspection angle data, and then performs ring control of appearance shooting according to the appearance inspection route, so as to perform standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft. In the process of standard appearance shooting, the standard camshaft is changed at a support point to avoid a dead angle of shooting, standard appearance data is obtained, and at the same time, ambient light during standard appearance shooting is detected to record standard environment data.

[0064] Specifically, Figure 8 The structure block diagram of the standard appearance shooting unit 101 in the system provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0065] In the preferred embodiment provided by the application, the standard appearance shooting unit 101 specifically comprises: The request receiving module 1011 is configured to receive an appearance defect detection request. The request identification module 1012 is configured to identify the appearance defect detection request and determine a type of camshaft to be detected. The standard camshaft selection module 1013 is configured to select a standard camshaft according to the type of camshaft. The standard appearance shooting module 1014 is configured to plan an appearance inspection route, perform standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, obtain standard appearance data, and record standard environment data.

[0066] Specifically, Figure 9 The structure block diagram of the standard appearance shooting module 1014 in the system provided by the embodiment of the application is shown.

[0067] In the preferred embodiments provided by the present application, the standard appearance shooting module 1014 specifically comprises: An appearance size data acquisition submodule 10141, configured to acquire appearance size data of the standard camshaft; A coordinate system construction submodule 10142, configured to construct a round inspection space coordinate system based on the appearance size data; A round inspection planning submodule 10143, configured to plan round inspection position data and round inspection angle data corresponding to a plurality of inspection points in the round inspection space coordinate system; A route generation submodule 10144, configured to generate an appearance round inspection route by comprehensively considering the round inspection position data and the round inspection angle data; A standard appearance shooting submodule 10145, configured to perform standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance round inspection route to acquire standard appearance data; A standard environment recording submodule 10146, configured to record standard environment data.

[0068] Further, the appearance defect detection system based on the camshaft further comprises: A detection environment adjustment unit 102, configured to determine a camshaft to be detected, perform current environment monitoring, and perform compliance judgment and feedback adjustment of a detection environment according to the standard environment data.

[0069] In the embodiments of the present application, the detection environment adjustment unit 102 determines a camshaft to be detected belonging to the camshaft type, simultaneously performs illumination monitoring of a current environment to acquire current environment data, and compares the current environment data with the standard environment data to judge whether the current environment data is consistent with the standard environment data. When the current environment data is inconsistent with the standard environment data, it is determined that the current environment data is inconsistent with the standard environment data. At this time, environmental adjustment parameters of environmental illumination such as illumination position, illumination intensity, and illumination color temperature are planned, and then feedback adjustment of the detection environment is performed according to the environmental adjustment parameters to ensure that the current environmental illumination is consistent with the standard environmental illumination.

[0070] Specifically, Figure 10 A structural block diagram of the detection environment adjustment unit 102 in the system provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0071] In the preferred embodiments provided by the present application, the detection environment adjustment unit 102 specifically comprises: A camshaft to be detected determination module 1021, configured to determine a camshaft to be detected; A current environment monitoring module 1022, configured to perform current environment monitoring to acquire current environment data; A detection environment comparison module 1023, configured to compare the current environment data with the standard environment data to judge whether the current environment data is consistent with the standard environment data. an environment adjustment planning module 1024, configured to plan an environment adjustment parameter when the detected environment does not conform to the standard environment; an environment feedback adjustment module 1025, configured to perform feedback adjustment on the detected environment according to the environment adjustment parameter.

[0072] Further, the camshaft appearance defect detection system also comprises: a detection appearance photographing unit 103, configured to perform detection appearance photographing on the camshaft to be detected according to a detection appearance photographing route, and acquire detection appearance data of the camshaft to be detected.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present application, the detection appearance photographing unit 103 generates a corresponding photographing control signal according to the detection appearance photographing route, and then performs surround control of appearance photographing according to the photographing control signal, so as to realize detection appearance photographing on the camshaft to be detected, and receive the transmitted detection appearance data after the detection appearance photographing is completed.

[0074] a comparison detection analysis unit 104, configured to perform comparison detection on the detection appearance data based on the standard appearance data, judge whether the detection appearance data has appearance defects, and generate an appearance detection report.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present application, the comparison detection analysis unit 104 performs comparison detection on the detection appearance data based on the standard appearance data, judges whether the detection appearance data has appearance defects, and when the detection appearance data and the standard appearance data are consistent in shape, color and texture, it is determined that the detection appearance data does not have appearance defects, and at this time, a qualified appearance detection report is directly generated according to a preset qualified report template; when the detection appearance data and the standard appearance data are inconsistent in shape, color and / or texture, it is determined that the detection appearance data has appearance defects, and at this time, the defect position and the defect type of the camshaft to be detected are identified and determined, and an unqualified appearance detection report is generated in the preset unqualified report template according to the defect position and the defect type.

[0076] It should be understood that although each step in the flowchart of each embodiment of the present application is displayed in sequence according to the arrow, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the arrow. Unless otherwise stated herein, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in sequence, and these steps can be executed in other sequences. Moreover, at least part of the steps in each embodiment can include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution sequence of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in rotation or alternation with at least part of other steps or sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0077] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The program can be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments of the methods can be included. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration but not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0078] Any combination of the technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined. In order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described, however, as long as the combination of the technical features does not exist contradictory, it should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0079] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

[0080] The above-mentioned is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A camshaft-based appearance defect detection method, characterized by, The method specifically comprises the following steps: selecting a standard camshaft, planning an appearance inspection route, performing standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, obtaining standard appearance data, and recording standard environment data; determining a camshaft to be detected, performing current environment monitoring, performing conformity judgment and feedback adjustment of a detection environment according to the standard environment data; performing detection appearance shooting on the camshaft to be detected according to the appearance inspection route, and obtaining detection appearance data of the camshaft to be detected; comparing the detection appearance data with the standard appearance data, judging whether the camshaft to be detected has appearance defects, and generating an appearance detection report.

2. The camshaft-based appearance defect detection method of claim 1, wherein, The selecting a standard camshaft, planning an appearance inspection route, performing standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, obtaining standard appearance data, and recording standard environment data specifically comprises the following steps: receiving an appearance defect detection request; identifying the appearance defect detection request to determine a camshaft type to be detected; selecting a standard camshaft according to the camshaft type; planning an appearance inspection route, performing standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, obtaining standard appearance data, and recording standard environment data.

3. The camshaft-based appearance defect detection method of claim 2, wherein, The identifying the appearance defect detection request to determine a camshaft type to be detected specifically comprises the following steps: obtaining camshaft identification information from the appearance defect detection request; using a preset representation format rule to extract camshaft model related description content from the camshaft identification information to obtain camshaft model description; based on a preset camshaft type mapping table entry and the camshaft model description, comparing the description content and the corresponding relationship of the mapping table entry to determine a camshaft type code matched with the camshaft model description to obtain a matched corresponding camshaft type code; accessing type records in a preset camshaft database to query camshaft entries associated with the matched corresponding camshaft type code to obtain a candidate camshaft type set; comparing the candidate camshaft type codes in the candidate camshaft type set with the matched corresponding camshaft type code item by item to filter out entries with completely consistent type codes as the camshaft type to be detected; using a preset verification rule to detect the existence state and integrity of the camshaft type to be detected in the preset camshaft database to verify the availability of the camshaft type to be detected and determine the camshaft type to be detected.

4. The camshaft-based appearance defect detection method of claim 3, wherein, The using a preset verification rule to detect the existence state and integrity of the camshaft type to be detected in the preset camshaft database to verify the availability of the camshaft type to be detected and determine the camshaft type to be detected specifically comprises the following steps: querying entries associated with the matched corresponding camshaft type code from the preset camshaft database; and determining the existence state of the entries by obtaining the data storage state of the entries associated with the matched corresponding camshaft type code; according to the existence state of the entries, extracting data fields associated with the matched corresponding camshaft type code, and comparing the data fields with preset camshaft type mapping table entries to determine the integrity state of the data fields; The preset verification rule is used to determine whether the entry existence state and the data field completeness state satisfy the verification condition through logical operation, and a preliminary verification result is obtained; According to the preliminary verification result, the camshaft model description is extracted from the preset camshaft database, and string matching is performed with the camshaft identification information to obtain a model matching state; Based on the preset verification rule, a decision rule is obtained; the preliminary verification result and the model matching state are integrated, and state fusion processing is performed according to the decision rule to determine whether the verification is passed and the model is consistent, and a verification state result is obtained; According to the verification state result, the type record in the preset camshaft database is combined to perform availability evaluation detection on the type of the camshaft to be detected, so as to obtain an availability judgment result; Based on the availability judgment result, the camshaft entry associated with the corresponding camshaft type code is selected from the preset camshaft database to determine the type of the camshaft to be detected.

5. The camshaft-based appearance defect detection method of claim 4, wherein, The planning of the appearance inspection route, the standard appearance shooting of the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, the acquisition of standard appearance data, and the recording of standard environment data specifically include the following steps: Obtain the appearance size data of the standard camshaft; Based on the appearance size data, a space coordinate system for inspection is constructed; In the space coordinate system for inspection, the inspection position data and the inspection angle data corresponding to a plurality of detection points are planned; The inspection position data and the inspection angle data are integrated to generate an appearance inspection route; According to the appearance inspection route, the standard appearance shooting of the standard camshaft is performed to obtain standard appearance data; Record the standard environment data.

6. The camshaft-based appearance defect detection method of claim 5, wherein, In the space coordinate system for inspection, the inspection position data and the inspection angle data corresponding to a plurality of detection points are planned, and the specific steps are as follows: Geometric feature extraction processing is performed on the appearance size data to obtain a path planning reference axis and a curvature point set; According to the curvature point set and a preset threshold, the contour complex region and the flat region are determined; Along the direction of the path planning reference axis, the preliminary detection segment list is obtained by dividing at a preset interval; Based on the preliminary detection segment list, the distribution density of the curvature point set is used to optimize the preliminary detection segment list to obtain an optimized detection segment list; wherein the optimization process is: increasing the density of detection points in the contour complex region and reducing the density of points in the flat region; In the space coordinate system for inspection, the three-dimensional coordinates of the center points of each independent section in the optimized detection segment list are obtained by geometric calculation; according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the center points of the sections, the normal vector direction of the contour surface where the center points are located is calculated to obtain the normal vector direction corresponding to the detection segment; With the detection device perpendicular to the detected surface point reference, the deflection angle required for the current detection point is calculated using the normal vector direction corresponding to the detection segment to obtain a deflection angle set; The data in the deflection angle set is integrated to obtain a preliminary inspection data set; the preliminary inspection data set is simulated and verified in the space coordinate system for inspection to obtain the inspection position data and the inspection angle data; The around-inspection position data and the around-inspection angle data are generated according to a preset path to obtain a mechanical movement path, so as to complete the planning of the around-inspection position data and the around-inspection angle data corresponding to multiple inspection points.

7. The camshaft-based appearance defect detection method of claim 6, wherein, In the around-inspection space coordinate system, geometric calculation is performed on each independent section in the optimized inspection section list to obtain three-dimensional coordinates of a section center point; and a normal vector direction of a contour surface on which the section center point is located is calculated according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the section center point to obtain a normal vector direction corresponding to the inspection section, and the method further includes the following steps: According to the path planning reference axis and the curvature point set, all curvature points corresponding to the target section are extracted by matching and screening the section boundary range and the curvature point coordinates, and a section curvature point set is obtained; The X, Y and Z coordinate components of all the curvature points are respectively subjected to arithmetic average calculation by using the section curvature point set, and multiple point coordinates are fused into a single representative point through average processing, so as to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the section center point; According to the three-dimensional coordinates of the section center point, the nearest curvature point is selected from the section curvature point set through Euclidean distance calculation, so as to obtain a neighboring curvature point group; wherein the number of the nearest curvature points is preset according to the distribution density of the contour complex region and the flat region. The three-dimensional direction vectors between each curvature point in the neighboring curvature point group and the section center point are calculated, and the X, Y and Z components of all the direction vectors are subjected to arithmetic average calculation, so as to determine a preliminary normal vector direction; The preliminary normal vector direction is subjected to standardization processing through vector module length calculation, so as to adjust the length of the preliminary normal vector direction to a unified unit value, so as to determine a unit normal vector direction; By using the unit normal vector direction and combining the path planning reference axis, the perpendicular relationship between the unit normal vector direction and the path planning reference axis is verified through dot product operation, so as to determine the normal vector direction corresponding to the inspection section.

8. The camshaft-based appearance defect detection method of claim 7, wherein, The method specifically comprises the following steps: determining the camshaft to be detected; monitoring the current environment to obtain current environment data; comparing the current environment data with the standard environment data to determine whether the detection environment is met; planning environment adjustment parameters when the detection environment is not met; adjusting the detection environment according to the environment adjustment parameters.

9. The camshaft-based appearance defect detection method of claim 8, wherein, The method specifically comprises the following steps: generating a shooting control signal according to the appearance around-inspection route; controlling the detection appearance shooting of the camshaft to be detected according to the shooting control signal; receiving the transmitted detection appearance data.

10. The camshaft-based appearance defect detection method of claim 9, wherein, The method specifically comprises the following steps: comparing the detection appearance data with the standard appearance data to determine whether there is an appearance defect, and generating an appearance detection report. When no appearance defects exist, a qualified appearance inspection report is directly generated; When appearance defects exist, the defect position and defect type are identified and determined; According to the defect position and the defect type, an unqualified appearance inspection report is generated.

11. A camshaft based appearance defect detection system characterized in that, The system applies the camshaft-based appearance defect detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and the system comprises: a standard appearance shooting unit configured to select a standard camshaft, plan an appearance inspection route, perform standard appearance shooting on the standard camshaft according to the appearance inspection route, acquire standard appearance data, and record standard environment data; a detection environment adjusting unit configured to determine a camshaft to be detected, perform current environment monitoring, and perform compliance judgment and feedback adjustment of a detection environment according to the standard environment data; a detection appearance shooting unit configured to perform detection appearance shooting on the camshaft to be detected according to the appearance inspection route, and acquire detection appearance data of the camshaft to be detected; a comparative detection analysis unit configured to perform comparative detection on the detection appearance data based on the standard appearance data, judge whether appearance defects exist, and generate an appearance inspection report.

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