Device for separating and classifying battery current collector and black powder by using steam

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for separating and classifying a battery current collector and black powder by using steam, which comprises a barrel for receiving a pole piece of a waste power battery and forming stirring, and the barrel is provided with a steam inlet capable of being opened and closed and a material inlet capable of being opened and closed for placing the pole piece of the power battery; a crushing assembly is further arranged in the barrel and comprises a crushing shaft and crushing blades arranged on the crushing shaft, and the crushing shaft can be driven to rotate and crush the stirred black powder through the crushing blades; the device has all the advantages of steam hydrolysis of an adhesive of the pole piece and one-time separation and classification and independent output of equipment, the throwing force in the equipment in the stirring process of the pole piece can be increased, so that separation between a current collector and black powder is accelerated, cakes and flakes of the black powder are crushed, classification is facilitated, and the efficiency of the device is improved. And compared with existing similar equipment, the process efficiency is improved, and a good process basis is provided for respective discharging.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment in the field of new energy, in particular to a device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder by using steam. BACKGROUND

[0002] The difficulty of recycling power lithium batteries is the treatment of the pole piece, that is, the separation and separate recovery of black powder (lithium component electrode powder and carbon powder) and the current collector. The commonly used method is comprehensive treatment, that is, the battery is directly incinerated and crushed, and after separation by a series of screening, ball milling and other methods, water washing and magnetic separation, the whole treatment process is long, the cycle is long, the cost is high, and the operation and transportation are complex. To solve the above problems, the inventors of the present application invented a technical scheme of using steam to hydrolyze the adhesive between the current collector and the black powder, and disclosed a patent scheme (publication number: CN120940361A). In the steam environment, the pole piece is stirred, and a throwing and tumbling process is formed during the stirring process to accelerate the separation of the current collector and the black powder sheet, and a complete separation and classification system of the current collector and the black powder is formed. Although the throwing and tumbling can realize the separation between the current collector and the black powder and completely separate them to provide a process basis for subsequent separate discharge, the throwing and tumbling force is limited due to the limited weight of the pole piece, and a relatively long treatment time is required.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure of the steam treatment pole piece device to increase the throwing and tumbling force during the stirring process of the pole piece in the device, thereby accelerating the separation between the current collector and the black powder and facilitating the formation of classification, thereby improving the process efficiency and providing a good process basis for separate discharge. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure of the steam treatment pole piece device to increase the throwing and tumbling force during the stirring process of the pole piece in the device, thereby accelerating the separation between the current collector and the black powder and facilitating the formation of classification, thereby improving the process efficiency and providing a good process basis for separate discharge.

[0005] The device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder by using steam provided by the present application comprises a cylinder for receiving waste power battery pole pieces and forming stirring, the cylinder is provided with a steam inlet that can be opened and closed, and a material inlet that can be opened and closed for putting the pole pieces of the power battery.

[0006] The cylinder is also provided with a crushing assembly, the crushing assembly comprises a crushing shaft and crushing blades arranged on the crushing shaft, the crushing shaft can be driven to rotate and crush the stirred black powder through the crushing blades.

[0007] Further, the barrel is a horizontal barrel, a stirring assembly driven to rotate is arranged in the horizontal barrel, and the crushing shaft is arranged along the axial direction of the horizontal barrel and avoids the stirring action of the stirring assembly.

[0008] Further, the stirring assembly comprises a driving motor, a driving shaft driven to rotate by the driving motor, and a stirring blade group. The stirring blade group comprises a plurality of support beams and a plurality of stirring blades. The support beams extend radially and are fixed on the driving shaft in a radial array in the circumferential direction and the axial direction. The stirring blades extend in the axial direction and are fixed on the radially outer end of the support beams in the same axial row.

[0009] The crushing assembly further comprises an inner ring gear and a gear wheel engaged with the inner ring gear. The inner ring gear is arranged outside one end of the stirring blade and at the end of the horizontal barrel. The crushing shaft is in transmission cooperation with the gear wheel and forms transmission cooperation between the support beams to be driven to revolve around the axis of the driving shaft, so that the crushing shaft drives the gear wheel to revolve around the axis of the driving shaft, and under the action of the inner ring gear, the gear wheel rotates around its own axis while driving the crushing shaft to rotate around its own axis.

[0010] Further, the stirring blade is provided with a shovel head extending in the circumferential direction. The shovel head has a shovel edge close to the inner wall of the barrel. When stirring, the driving shaft is driven to move towards the direction of the shovel edge with the stirring blade.

[0011] Further, the inner ring gear is two, and the two inner ring gears are arranged outside the two ends of the stirring blade and on the inner circle of the horizontal barrel. The two ends of the crushing shaft are respectively in transmission cooperation with the gear wheels engaged with the inner ring gears.

[0012] Further, the inner ring gear and the gear wheel are made of high-temperature-resistant plastic.

[0013] Further, the number of the crushing shafts in the circumferential direction is half of the number of the support beams, and the corresponding support beams are in transmission cooperation to be driven to revolve around the axis of the driving shaft in the circumferential direction.

[0014] Further, the support beam for driving the crushing shaft to revolve around the axis of the driving shaft is fixed with a crushing shaft seat, and the crushing shaft is rotatably supported on the crushing shaft seat through a high-temperature-resistant plastic shaft sleeve.

[0015] Further, the two ends of the horizontal barrel are covered with flat covers, the gear wheel forms an anti-movement protrusion on the side away from the crushing shaft, and the anti-movement protrusion is arranged against the corresponding flat cover to form an anti-movement structure.

[0016] Further, the inner ring gear is detachably fixed to the inner circular surface of the horizontal barrel.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder using steam. In addition to possessing all the advantages of using steam to hydrolyze the adhesive of the electrode sheets and the device for one-time separation, classification, and separate output, the device also includes a crushing component in addition to the stirring component. This increases the throwing force during the stirring process of the electrode sheets, thereby accelerating the separation between the current collector and the black powder, and breaking up the agglomerates and flakes of the black powder, which is beneficial for classification. Compared with existing similar equipment, this invention improves process efficiency and provides a good process basis for separate output. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view along AA;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point C;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point D;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the cylinder being driven to tilt. Detailed Implementation

[0025] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown: This embodiment of a device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder using steam includes a cylinder 1 for receiving the electrode sheets of waste power batteries and forming a stirring mechanism. The cylinder 1 is provided with an openable and closable steam inlet 8 and an openable and closable material inlet 102 for placing the electrode sheets of the power batteries. The cylinder is naturally a closed container structure, which will not be described in detail here. The openable and closable steam inlet and the openable and closable material inlet 102 can be implemented using existing mechanical structures, which will not be described in detail here. The cylinder structure of this device uses steam and stirring to hydrolyze the battery electrode sheets, which has high processing efficiency, does not cause water pollution, and has the characteristics of low energy consumption.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the material inlet 102 is provided with a feeding hopper 9, and a feed gate valve 901 is arranged on a feed channel of the feeding hopper 9. The feed gate valve can be an electric control valve. After the feeding is completed, the feed gate valve is closed to form a closed structure in the barrel 1. Since water vapor is often passed during use, the pressure in the barrel can be higher than normal pressure. When the pressure in the barrel 1 exceeds a certain range, for example, 1.5 atmospheres, the feed gate valve 901 can be controlled to open a certain opening degree to release pressure. This process requires a pressure sensor to be arranged on the barrel. The pressure value is transmitted to the computer, and the computer issues corresponding instructions to the feed gate valve 901. This is a control method of the prior art, and will not be described here. Of course, a low-pressure safety valve can also be arranged, which is a safety guarantee measure of the prior art, and will not be described here.

[0027] The barrel 1 is also provided with a crushing assembly 21. The crushing assembly 21 includes a crushing shaft 2101 and crushing blades 2102 arranged on the crushing shaft. The crushing shaft 2101 can be driven to rotate and crush the black powder being stirred by the crushing blades 2102. As shown, the crushing blades 2102 are a plurality of outer circles fixed to the crushing shaft 2101 along the radial direction of the crushing shaft 2101. The crushing blades are distributed in multiple rows in the axial direction. The crushing blades in adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner to improve the auxiliary stirring and crushing efficiency. The crushing shaft can be arranged in various ways. It needs to be supported in the barrel and provided with a driving mechanism. It needs to be free of interference with the stirring in the barrel. This will not be described here.

[0028] In this embodiment, the barrel 1 is a horizontal barrel. The horizontal barrel is provided with a stirring assembly that can be driven to rotate and the crushing shaft 2101 that is arranged along the axial direction of the horizontal barrel and avoids the stirring action of the stirring assembly. Arranging the crushing shaft along the axial direction of the horizontal barrel can increase the stirring and cutting range of the crushing blades 2102 and ensure the final processing efficiency.

[0029] As shown in FIG. 1, the barrel 1 is provided with a material inlet 102 and a material outlet 103. The material inlet 102 is arranged at one end of the barrel 1, and the material outlet 103 is arranged at the other end of the barrel 1. The material inlet 102 is provided with a feeding hopper 9. The feeding hopper 9 is provided with a feed gate valve 901. The feed gate valve 901 can be an electric control valve. After the feeding is completed, the feed gate valve is closed to form a closed structure in the barrel 1. Since water vapor is often passed during use, the pressure in the barrel can be higher than normal pressure. When the pressure in the barrel 1 exceeds a certain range, for example, 1.5 atmospheres, the feed gate valve 901 can be controlled to open a certain opening degree to release pressure. This process requires a pressure sensor to be arranged on the barrel. The pressure value is transmitted to the computer, and the computer issues corresponding instructions to the feed gate valve 901. This is a control method of the prior art, and will not be described here. Of course, a low-pressure safety valve can also be arranged, which is a safety guarantee measure of the prior art, and will not be described here. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The horizontal barrel is provided with a stirring assembly that can be driven to rotate and a temperature maintaining assembly for maintaining the temperature in the barrel 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the barrel 1 is provided with a material inlet 102 and a material outlet 103. The material inlet 102 is arranged at one end of the barrel 1, and the material outlet 103 is arranged at the other end of the barrel 1. The material inlet 102 is provided with a feeding hopper 9. The feeding hopper 9 is provided with a feed gate valve 901. The feed gate valve 901 can be an electric control valve. After the feeding is completed, the feed gate valve is closed to form a closed structure in the barrel 1. Since water vapor is often passed during use, the pressure in the barrel can be higher than normal pressure. When the pressure in the barrel 1 exceeds a certain range, for example, 1.5 atmospheres, the feed gate valve 901 can be controlled to open a certain opening degree to release pressure. This process requires a pressure sensor to be arranged on the barrel. The pressure value is transmitted to the computer, and the computer issues corresponding instructions to the feed gate valve 901. This is a control method of the prior art, and will not be described here. Of course, a low-pressure safety valve can also be arranged, which is a safety guarantee measure of the prior art, and will not be described here. Figure 1As shown, a horizontal cylinder refers to a container with a horizontal central axis, generally formed by adding end caps or covers to both ends of a cylindrical body. In this embodiment, two flat covers 2 are used, which eliminates dead corners during stirring and allows the material to be fully dispersed, resulting in high processing efficiency. The stirring component refers to any mechanical mechanism capable of stirring, which can be achieved using existing mechanical structures and mechanical transmission methods, but it must not interfere with the crushing component, which will not be elaborated here. The temperature maintenance component can use all existing heating and insulation methods, such as adding an external insulation layer or using existing heating methods including electric heating, etc., with the aim of preventing water vapor inside the cylinder from condensing into water, which will not be elaborated here.

[0030] In this embodiment, the stirring assembly includes a drive motor 3, a drive shaft 5, and a stirring blade assembly. The drive shaft 5 is driven to rotate by the drive motor 3. Figure 1 As shown, the drive motor 3 consists of two caps 2 located at both ends of the cylinder 1 and fixedly connected. The drive shaft 5 is connected to the reducer 4 through the end caps using a conventional dynamic sealing method. The two drive motors 3 input power to both ends of the drive shaft 5 through their respective reducers 4, forming a balanced power input to ensure the stirring effect. The stirring blade assembly includes several support beams 6 and several stirring blades 7. The support beams 6 extend radially and are fixed on the drive shaft 5 in a radial pattern, forming an array arrangement in the circumferential and axial directions on the drive shaft 5. The stirring blades 7 extend axially and are fixed to the radially outer ends of the support beams 6 in the same axial row.

[0031] The crushing assembly also includes an internal gear ring 2104 and a gear 2103 meshing with the internal gear ring 2104. The internal gear ring 2104 is located on the outer side of one end of the stirring blade and is set at the end of the horizontal cylinder, avoiding the rotation range of the stirring blade during stirring. The crushing shaft 2101 is driven by the gear 2103, and forms a transmission engagement with the support beam 6, causing the crushing shaft 2101 to drive the gear 2103 to revolve around the axis of the drive shaft 5. At the same time, under the action of the internal gear ring 2104, the gear 2103 rotates around its own axis, simultaneously driving the crushing shaft 2101 to rotate around its own axis. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, during stirring, the support beam 6 is driven to rotate, and the crushing shaft 2101 and the support beam 6 form a transmission engagement, thereby driving the crushing shaft 2101 to revolve around the axis of the drive shaft 5. At the same time, since the crushing shaft 2101 is in transmission engagement with the gear 2103 and the gear 2103 meshes with the internal gear ring 2104, it will rotate on its own axis. This rotation drives the crushing blades 2102 to form a stirring and cutting action. The support beam 6 needs to rotate on its own axis while driving the crushing shaft 2101 to revolve. At this time, a rotational engagement needs to be formed between the crushing shaft and the support beam. This engagement can be completed by fixing a bearing seat on the support beam. The bearing seat has a shaft hole with a shaft cover to achieve this engagement, which will not be described in detail here. The transmission engagement between the gear 2103 and the crushing shaft 2101 can adopt a common gear and shaft transmission engagement structure, such as a spline, which will not be described in detail here. As shown in the figure, in order to ensure the engagement strength, a journal is integrally formed on the gear, and a transmission engagement is formed with the crushing shaft through the journal, increasing the engagement length and thus ensuring the engagement effect.

[0032] In this structure, the stirring drive motor not only achieves stirring but also drives the crushing component to perform auxiliary stirring and crushing work. No additional power equipment is required, which saves driving energy while ensuring the crushing effect of black powder, providing a good foundation for the next step of thorough classification and output.

[0033] In this embodiment, the stirring blade 7 is provided with a blade head extending in a circumferential direction. The blade head has a blade near the inner wall of the cylinder 1. During stirring, the drive shaft is driven to move the stirring blade towards the blade. Figure 2 As shown, the radially outer surface of the shovel head can conform to the inner surface of the cylinder (an arc shape that adapts to the shape of the inner surface of the cylinder). The shovel blade is as close as possible to the inner wall of the cylinder 1 without affecting the stirring rotation. During stirring, the shovel head scoops up the material (the processed electrode unit) at the bottom of the cylinder 1, rotates it to a certain height, and then the material falls, thus forming a structure that utilizes gravity to achieve high-efficiency stirring and throwing. Figure 1 As shown, the stirring blade 7 is a strip along the axial direction of the cylinder 1, with the blade head extending in the direction of rotation and the front end being the blade. The stirring blade 7 also forms a radially extending connecting part, which is fixed to the support beam 6. This is a typical mechanical connection structure, and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] In this structure, the crushing shaft 2101 is driven to revolve by the support beam 6 and rotates on its own axis by gears, with the direction of rotation opposite to the direction of revolution. When the material falls from the shovel head, it is in the opposite direction to the rotation of the crushing blades, and is struck by the crushing blades and changes its trajectory, forming a greater impact force and throwing force in addition to gravity, thus forming an efficient auxiliary stirring and crushing action. As shown in the figure, the crushing blades are T-shaped. The T-shaped blades include support plates that extend radially outward and wing plates at the ends of the support plates, increasing the bearing area and making it easier to form a comprehensive reverse impact, thus improving working efficiency.

[0035] In this embodiment, there are two internal gear rings 2104, which are respectively located on the outer sides of both ends of the stirring blade 7 and disposed on the inner circle of the horizontal cylinder 1. Gears 2103 that mesh with the internal gear rings 2104 are respectively provided at both ends of the crushing shaft 2101 for transmission and cooperation. Gears are respectively provided at both ends of the crushing shaft to form a balanced drive structure; as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the two internal gear rings 2104 are located at the two ends of the axial direction of the stirring blade 7, respectively, avoiding the rotation range of the stirring blade 7 during stirring, thereby avoiding interference.

[0036] In this embodiment, both the internal gear ring 2104 and the gear 2103 are made of high-temperature resistant plastics, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which has good self-lubricating properties and can withstand temperatures above 200°C. In practice, filled PTFE with added metal powder and carbon powder can be used to further increase strength and withstand even higher temperatures. Using high-temperature resistant plastics can ensure the self-lubricating operation of the internal gear ring and gear, making it suitable for high-temperature steam working environments and reducing equipment weight. It also avoids the drawbacks of rusting in metal gear meshing structures and the need for lubrication. In this embodiment, the temperature of the high-temperature steam is generally controlled below 150°C to improve the service life of the high-temperature resistant plastics.

[0037] In this embodiment, the number of crushing shafts 2101 in the circumferential direction is half that of the support beams 6, and they are spaced apart and connected to the corresponding support beams 6 in a transmission engagement that allows them to be driven to revolve around the axis of the drive shaft in the circumferential direction; for example Figure 2 The support beam 6 that cooperates with the crushing shaft 2101 is marked with reference numeral 6, while the support beam that does not cooperate with the crushing shaft 2101 is marked with reference numeral 6a. The structure of the crushing shaft being set at intervals between the support beam 6 and the support beam 6a can strike and throw the falling material of the stirring blade 7 on the support beam 6, and can also strike and throw the falling material of the stirring blade 7 on the next (rotating and following) adjacent support beam 6a, thereby achieving efficient impact crushing.

[0038] In this embodiment, the support beam 6, which drives the crushing shaft 2101 to revolve around the axis of the drive shaft 5, is fixedly provided with a crushing shaft seat 601. The crushing shaft 2101 is rotatably supported on the crushing shaft seat 21011 by a high-temperature resistant plastic bushing 21011. The high-temperature resistant plastic bushing 21011 is generally made of polytetrafluoroethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene filled with metal powder and carbon powder, which has a self-lubricating effect and avoids jamming. As shown in the figure, there are three support beams 6 in the same axial row, which are used to support the stirring blade 7 from both ends and the middle to form sufficient support strength. At the same time, each support beam 6 is provided with a crushing shaft seat 601 for rotatably supporting the same crushing shaft (the structure may not be exactly the same, but can form a rotation of the crushing shaft). (A dynamic support is sufficient); the crushing shaft seat is formed by radially enlarging the set part of the support beam and axially protruding by a certain size. Of course, it can be made into a structure with a shaft seat cover (forming a split structure in the radial direction). The shaft seat cover can be detachably pressed onto the crushing shaft seat 601 to facilitate the installation of the crushing shaft, which will not be described in detail here; the high-temperature resistant plastic bushing 21011 in the middle can be installed on the crushing shaft before the crushing blade 2102 is welded to the crushing shaft 2101, which will not be described in detail here; of course, since the support beam 6 used to drive the crushing shaft needs to drive the crushing shaft, its installation on the drive shaft must have high strength. If necessary, a support rod will be installed in the circumferential direction or the welding size will be increased to strengthen the structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0039] In this embodiment, as described above, both ends of the horizontal cylinder 1 are covered with flat caps 2. The gear 2103 forms an anti-movement protrusion 21031 on the side opposite to the crushing shaft 2101, and the anti-movement protrusion 21031 abuts against the corresponding flat cap 2 to form an anti-movement structure; Figure 1 As shown, the anti-slip protrusion 21031 is integrally formed on the side of the gear 2103 facing away from the crushing shaft 2101. The end can be spherical or annular. Combined with the self-lubricating properties of high-temperature resistant plastic, it can be used to reduce the friction between the gear and the flat cover 2. At the same time, the two flat covers 2 abut against the two gears 2103 from both ends, thereby restricting the axial movement of the crushing shaft 2101 to ensure normal rotation and avoid rotational interference.

[0040] In this embodiment, the internal gear ring 2104 is detachably fixed to the inner circular surface of the horizontal cylinder 1; it can be fixed by multiple screws distributed in the circumferential direction, which will not be described in detail here.

[0041] The method of using this invention is the same as that in the patent document with publication number CN120940361A, and will not be repeated here;

[0042] The equipment of the present invention is used to separate the current collector and black powder of the electrode. With the assistance of the crushing component, the separation efficiency can be greatly improved by repeatedly hitting and throwing the electrode unit to be processed at a high frequency. Further details will not be elaborated here.

[0043] To achieve the above objectives, in this embodiment, the temperature maintaining assembly includes a heat insulation layer wrapped around the outside of the cylinder and an electric heating assembly located between the heat insulation layer and the cylinder 1; as shown Figure 1 As shown, the outer shell of the cylinder 1 is surrounded by an insulation layer 101, and the outer sides of the two covers 2 are covered with an insulation layer 201. The insulation layer is generally made of rock wool and secured with sheet metal, a common insulation layer covering method, which will not be described in detail here; Figure 2 As shown, several heating spaces 106 for installing electric heating components are provided between the insulation layer 101 and the outer wall of the cylinder 1. To avoid the influence of rock wool on the electric heating components, the heating spaces can be separated by heat-resistant plates (steel plates welded to the outer wall of the cylinder 1 are sufficient), which will not be described in detail here; Figure 2 As shown, the electric heating assembly includes several electric heating rods 13, which are fixed on insulating blocks 14 (using metal clips connecting adjacent insulating blocks at both ends). The insulating blocks 14 are fixed to the outer wall of the cylinder (the outer wall of the cylinder can be provided with corresponding mounting seats, using threads, bolts, etc. to form a fixation, which is an existing mechanical fixing method and will not be described in detail here). Two adjacent insulating blocks 14 support one electric heating rod, forming insulation while heat is transferred to the cylinder through the gap between the two insulating blocks 14. The structure is simple and the heat transfer is efficient, and will not be described in detail here. The number of heating spaces, the power and number of electric heating rods can be set according to the heating needs, and will not be described in detail here.

[0044] It also includes a discharge system, which comprises a current collector discharge system and a black powder discharge system;

[0045] The fluid collection and discharge system includes an openable and closable fluid collection and discharge port 105 disposed at one end of the cylinder 1 and an inclined drive device for driving the cylinder 1 to tilt toward the end of the fluid collection and discharge port.

[0046] The discharge port 105 of the collector is sealed by a non-metallic end cap 10 that can be opened and closed, such as Figure 1As shown, the discharge port extends outward to form a discharge section. The discharge section is sealed by a non-metallic end cap 10. The non-metallic end cap 10 is generally made of a high-temperature material resistant to water vapor, which is lightweight and has poor thermal conductivity, thus helping to maintain the temperature inside the cylinder 1. The edge of the discharge section forms a first snap-fit ​​flange. The non-metallic end cap 10 has a set length. After sealing, the inner end face is close to the inner wall of the corresponding end cap 2 to avoid forming a stirring dead corner at that point. The outer side forms a second snap-fit ​​flange. After sealing, the first snap-fit ​​flange and the second snap-fit ​​flange overlap and are secured by a snap-fit ​​member 11. The snap-fit ​​member 11 can be structured to form a snap-fit. It can be a ring snap-fit ​​or multiple single snap-fit ​​members evenly distributed along the circumference, all of which can achieve the purpose of the invention. When unloading is required, the snap-fit ​​member 11 is opened and the non-metallic end cap 10 is removed. In this embodiment, the discharge port 105 is set as low as possible to ensure thorough tilting unloading.

[0047] The tilting drive device employs a drive structure that tilts the cylinder 1 towards one end. Tilting towards the discharge port means that one end of the discharge port lowers or the other end rises, or both simultaneously, to ensure that material flows out of the discharge port. This will not be elaborated further here. Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the cylinder 1 is fixedly supported on a platform 15 by a support frame 20 (the structure of the support frame is not limited, as long as it can stably support the cylinder 1). The platform 15 is supported by two sets of hydraulic cylinders. One set of hydraulic cylinders is located on the side corresponding to the discharge port, and the other set of hydraulic cylinders is located on the other side. The upper end of the piston rod of one set of hydraulic cylinders 16 is hinged to the platform (rotating in the axial direction of the cylinder). Figure 5 The hinge point 19 shown indicates that the upper end of the piston rod of another set of hydraulic cylinders 17 rolls into contact with the platform 15. Of course, it is necessary to set up a hinge point 19 as shown. Figure 5 The roller 18 shown is provided with a guide groove 1501 at the bottom of the platform 15 to accommodate the roller and adapt to the horizontal displacement changes when tilted. The number of hydraulic cylinders is set according to the required support weight of the cylinder, which will not be described in detail here. In this embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder is used to form a support and adjust the height, which has the characteristics of large load capacity and smooth drive, which will not be described in detail here. In this embodiment, during the tilting discharge process, the stirring component continues to stir to assist the discharge, thereby structurally improving the discharge speed.

[0048] The black powder discharge system includes a black powder discharge conveying channel 2. The bottom of the cylinder 1 has sieve holes 1071 for black powder to pass through in a designated area 107. The designated area 107 forms a screening section that axially penetrates the cylinder 1. The sieve holes 1071 are distributed in the screening section so that falling black powder enters the black powder discharge conveying channel 2. Figure 1As shown, the black powder discharge conveying channel 2 is an irregular funnel structure formed by an inclined panel and a vertical panel. The cross-section of both the inclined panel and the vertical panel can be arc-shaped. The two form a closed receiving structure discharge funnel structure. Of course, this funnel structure is fixed to the bottom of the cylinder and can be welded or detachably connected. The length of the inclined panel is adapted to the axial size of the screening section. To ensure the heat preservation effect, the outer surface of the inclined panel is provided with a heat preservation layer. The upper end of the inclined panel is fixed and closed to the cylinder, and the lower end is connected to the black powder discharge port 1201. The black powder discharge port 1201 is provided with an openable and closable gate 12011 (which can be electrically controlled). The discharge of the black powder from the discharge port 1201 is guided and conveyed to the corresponding subsequent processing location, such as a ground trough, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0049] The lowest point of the downward-sloping black powder discharge conveying channel 2 is located on the side corresponding to the discharge port. When discharging at an angle, it also facilitates the sliding of black powder that is not flowing down the slope, thus assisting in the unloading of black powder.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the upper end of the sieve hole 1071 is shaped like an inverted frustum, that is, the sieve hole 1071 is composed of an inverted frustum-shaped hole at the top and a cylindrical hole at the bottom, so that the upper opening edges of adjacent sieve holes are as close as possible and can be polished smooth, which allows the black powder to be fully collected. In this structure, under the action of stirring and high temperature steam, the black powder falls off and flows directly into the sieve hole, avoiding secondary contamination and adhesion of aluminum foil. Thus, the material can be discharged directly after stirring, without the need for a special screening structure.

[0051] In this embodiment, there are several steam inlets 8 arranged in two rows at the bottom. The two rows of steam inlets 8 are symmetrically arranged and the steam outlet direction is towards the center of the cylinder 1. In this structure, the steam pressure can be used to stir the material in the cylinder during the steam introduction process, forming a preliminary stirring, which helps to improve the stirring efficiency. In this structure, each steam inlet 8 is connected to an air inlet pipe, each row of air inlet pipes is connected to an air inlet branch pipe, and two air inlet branch pipes are connected to an air inlet main pipe. This structure is a general configuration of pipeline connection, and those skilled in the art can know how to arrange it based on this description, so it is not marked in the figure. In this structure, the main pipe, the two air inlet branch pipes, and each air inlet pipe are each equipped with a solenoid valve to realize opening and closing, which can be used to adjust the amount of steam input in a targeted manner, and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] A closable replacement port 103 is also provided at the lower position of the cylinder 1; such as Figure 1 As shown, the replacement port 103 is set to be openable and closable by a valve, and is located on the side opposite to the discharge port 105 with a cover to avoid interference. At the same time, the lower position of the replacement port 103 facilitates the outflow of cold air and improves the replacement efficiency.

[0053] The accompanying drawings of this invention are all schematic diagrams of the principle. The structures shown are described in the specification. Alternatively, the structure can be achieved using existing mechanical structures and designs, such as bolted connections to form a seal, welding fixation, etc. To ensure the stability of the fixation, support ribs can be added, etc., which will not be elaborated here.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder using steam, characterized in that: It includes a cylinder for receiving and stirring the electrode sheets of waste power batteries, the cylinder being provided with an openable and closable steam inlet and an openable and closable material inlet for placing the electrode sheets of the power batteries. The cylinder is also equipped with a crushing component, which includes a crushing shaft and crushing blades disposed on the crushing shaft. The crushing shaft can be driven to rotate and the crushing blades crush the stirred black powder.

2. The device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder using steam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder is a horizontal cylinder, and a rotatable stirring assembly is provided inside the horizontal cylinder. The crushing shaft is arranged along the axial direction of the horizontal cylinder and avoids the stirring action of the stirring assembly.

3. The device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder using steam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring assembly includes a drive motor, a drive shaft, and a stirring blade assembly. The drive shaft is driven to rotate by the drive motor. The stirring blade assembly includes several support beams and several stirring blades. The support beams extend radially and are fixed to the drive shaft in a radial pattern, forming an array arrangement in the circumferential and axial directions on the drive shaft. The stirring blades extend axially and are fixed to the radially outer ends of the support beams in the same axial row. The crushing assembly also includes an internal gear ring and a gear meshing with the internal gear ring. The internal gear ring is located on the outer side of one end of the stirring blade and is disposed at the end of the horizontal cylinder. The crushing shaft is driven by the gear and forms a transmission engagement with the support beam, which drives the gear to revolve around the axis of the drive shaft. This causes the crushing shaft to drive the gear to revolve around the axis of the drive shaft. At the same time, under the action of the internal gear ring, the gear rotates around its own axis and simultaneously drives the crushing shaft to rotate around its own axis.

4. The device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder using steam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring blade is provided with a shovel head extending in a circumferential direction. The shovel head has a blade near the inner wall of the cylinder. During stirring, the drive shaft is driven to carry the stirring blade in the direction of the blade.

5. The device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder using steam according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are two internal gear rings, which are respectively located on the outer sides of the two ends of the stirring blade and set on the inner circle of the horizontal cylinder. The two ends of the crushing shaft are respectively equipped with gears that mesh with the internal gear rings.

6. The device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder using steam according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both the internal gear ring and the gear are made of high-temperature resistant plastic.

7. The device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder using steam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of crushing shafts in the circumferential direction is half that of the support beams, and they are spaced apart and can be driven to revolve around the axis of the drive shaft in the circumferential direction.

8. The device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder using steam according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support beam for driving the crushing shaft to revolve around the drive shaft axis is fixedly provided with a crushing shaft seat, and the crushing shaft is rotatably supported on the crushing shaft seat by a high-temperature resistant plastic bushing.

9. The device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder using steam according to claim 6, characterized in that: The horizontal cylinder is sealed with flat caps at both ends. The gear has an anti-slip protrusion on the side facing away from the crushing shaft, and the anti-slip protrusion abuts against the corresponding flat cap to form an anti-slip structure.

10. The device for separating and classifying battery current collectors and black powder using steam according to claim 6, characterized in that: The internal gear ring is detachably fixed to the inner circular surface of the horizontal cylinder.

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