Cable assembly and hydraulic tunnel structure
By using cable assemblies with expansion layer materials in hydraulic tunnels, the problems of cable damage and maintenance difficulties under water flow have been solved, achieving stable monitoring and convenient maintenance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the installation methods of cables in hydraulic tunnels have problems such as easy damage when laid openly and difficulty in maintenance when laid concealed, which affect long-term effective monitoring.
Cable assemblies using expansion layer materials utilize the volume change of the expansion layer before and after contact with water to lock the cables into the grooves of the lining structure, preventing them from falling off or being damaged, and facilitating later maintenance.
This design ensures that the cable is less likely to come loose under water flow, guaranteeing long-term effective monitoring and simplifying the cable maintenance process.
Smart Images
Figure CN121749042A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic tunnel monitoring, and in particular to a cable assembly and a hydraulic tunnel structure. BACKGROUND
[0002] In a water diversion project, a hydraulic tunnel needs to be constructed. The hydraulic tunnel includes a rough tunnel formed by excavation and a lining structure for supporting the surrounding rock of the rough tunnel. The rough tunnel is formed by tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavation, and the surrounding rock of the rough tunnel is lined by assembling prefabricated segments, which is an important way to construct the hydraulic tunnel. In order to ensure the long-term operation safety of the hydraulic tunnel, various cables such as optical fibers and cables are usually installed in the lining structure for long-term monitoring of the hydraulic tunnel.
[0003] At present, the cable is installed in the lining structure in a manner including an exposed manner and a concealed manner. In the exposed manner, the cable is arranged outside the lining structure, and the cable is easily damaged by water flow in the water conveying environment, which is not conducive to long-term and effective monitoring of the hydraulic tunnel. In the concealed manner, the cable is buried in the lining structure, and the cable will not be damaged by water flow, but the cable is difficult to maintain in the later period, which is not conducive to long-term and effective monitoring of the hydraulic tunnel. SUMMARY
[0004] The present application provides a cable assembly and a hydraulic tunnel structure to at least partially solve the above technical problems.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a cable assembly for a hydraulic tunnel, the hydraulic tunnel including a lining structure and a water conveying channel formed by the lining structure, the lining structure being provided with a groove channel on a side facing the water conveying channel, the groove channel having a first slot, the groove channel being in communication with the water conveying channel through the first slot, the groove channel being used for accommodating the cable assembly, the cable assembly comprising: a cable bundle including at least one cable for transmitting electrical energy and signals to realize monitoring of the hydraulic tunnel; and a cladding layer arranged on the outer periphery of the cable bundle, the cladding layer including at least an expansion layer, the expansion layer being in contact with the outside, and the expansion layer being of a water-expanding material; wherein the cable assembly can pass through the first slot to enter the groove channel in the case that the expansion layer does not contact water, and the cable assembly cannot pass through the first slot to be clamped in the groove channel in the case that the expansion layer contacts water.
[0006] In a second aspect, the present application provides a hydraulic tunnel structure, comprising: the cable assembly of the above first aspect; and The hydraulic tunnel comprises a lining structure and a water conveying passage enclosed by the lining structure, and a groove channel is arranged on the side of the lining structure facing the water conveying passage; the groove channel has a first notch, the groove channel communicates with the water conveying passage through the first notch, and the groove channel is used for accommodating the cable assembly; and the cable assembly is arranged in the groove channel. The first notch can accommodate the cable assembly to pass through in the case that the expansion layer does not contact water, so that the cable assembly can enter the groove channel; and the first notch cannot accommodate the cable assembly to pass through in the case that the expansion layer contacts water, so that the cable assembly can be clamped in the groove channel.
[0007] In the present application, the volume change of the expansion layer before and after contacting water is used to realize that the cable assembly passes through the first notch to enter the groove channel in the case that the expansion layer does not contact water, and cannot pass through the first notch to be clamped in the groove channel in the case that the expansion layer contacts water, so that the cable is not dropped under the action of water flow to avoid damage, and the cable is also convenient for later maintenance, thereby being beneficial to long-term and effective monitoring of the hydraulic tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0008] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.
[0009] FIG. 1 The first structure schematic diagram of the cable assembly provided by the embodiments of the present application.
[0010] FIG. 2 The first structure schematic diagram of the cable assembly provided by the embodiments of the present application. FIG. 1 The structure schematic diagram of the cable assembly after swelling in water.
[0011] FIG. 3 The second structure schematic diagram of the cable assembly provided by the embodiments of the present application.
[0012] FIG. 4 The second structure schematic diagram of the cable assembly provided by the embodiments of the present application. FIG. 3 The structure schematic diagram of the cable assembly after swelling in water.
[0013] FIG. 5 The third structure schematic diagram of the cable assembly provided by the embodiments of the present application.
[0014] FIG. 6 The third structure schematic diagram of the cable assembly provided by the embodiments of the present application. FIG. 5 The structure schematic diagram of the cable assembly after swelling in water.
[0015] FIG. 7 A fourth structural schematic diagram of a cable assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0016] FIG. 8 A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown in FIG. 7
[0017] FIG. 9 A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown in FIG. 1
[0018] FIG. 10 A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown in FIG. 5
[0019] FIG. 11 A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown in
[0020] FIG. 12 A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown in FIG. 12 FIGS. 1-8 A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown in FIG. 11
[0021] FIG. 13 A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown in FIG. 12
[0022] FIG. 14 A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown in FIG. 12
[0023] FIG. 15A A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown in FIG. 13 FIG. 1 A sectional view of the cable assembly shown in
[0024] FIG. 15B A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown in FIG. 13 FIG. 2 A sectional view of the cable assembly shown in
[0025] FIG. 15C A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown in FIG. 13 FIG. 3 A sectional view of the cable assembly shown in
[0026] FIG. 15D A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown in FIG. 13 FIG. 4 A sectional view of the cable assembly shown in
[0027] FIG. 15E A structural schematic diagram of the cable assembly shown inFIG. 13 The middle cable assembly is shown as FIG. 5 A partial view of the middle cable assembly along the P1-P1 direction.
[0028] FIG. 15F The middle cable assembly is shown as FIG. 13 A partial view of the middle cable assembly along the P1-P1 direction. FIG. 6
[0029] The middle cable assembly is shown as FIG. 15G A partial view of the middle cable assembly along the P1-P1 direction. FIG. 13 FIG. 7 The middle cable assembly is shown as
[0030] A partial view of the middle cable assembly along the P1-P1 direction. FIG. 15H FIG. 13 The middle cable assembly is shown as FIG. 8 A partial view of the middle cable assembly along the P1-P1 direction.
[0031] FIG. 16A The middle cable assembly is shown as FIGS. 15A-15D A schematic view of the groove channel.
[0032] FIG. 16B The middle cable assembly is shown as FIGS. 15E-15H A schematic view of the groove channel.
[0033] FIG. 17A The middle cable assembly is shown as FIG. 14 A partial view of the second partial structure along the P2-P2 direction.
[0034] FIG. 17B The middle cable assembly is shown as FIG. 14 A partial view of the second partial structure along the P3-P3 direction.
[0035] FIG. 18A The middle cable assembly is shown as FIG. 17A A schematic view of the structure without the cable assembly.
[0036] FIG. 18B The middle cable assembly is shown as FIG. 17B A schematic view of the structure without the cable assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.
[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" are used only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.
[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.
[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" are used only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.
[0041] Please refer to FIGS. 1-12 The cable assembly 10 provided by the embodiments of the present application is used for a hydraulic tunnel 30.
[0042] Please refer to FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 The hydraulic tunnel 30 includes a lining structure 31 and a water conveying passage 30a enclosed by the lining structure 31. The lining structure 31 is provided with a groove passage 31a on the side facing the water conveying passage 30a. The groove passage 31a has a first slot 31b. The groove passage 31a communicates with the water conveying passage 30a through the first slot 31b. The groove passage 31a is used for accommodating the cable assembly 10.
[0043] Please refer to FIGS. 1-8 The cable assembly 10 includes a cable bundle 12 and a cladding layer 15. The cable bundle 12 includes at least one cable 122. The cable bundle 12 is used for transmitting electric energy and signals to realize monitoring of the hydraulic tunnel 30. The cladding layer 15 is arranged on the outer periphery of the cable bundle 12. The cladding layer 15 at least includes an expansion layer 152. The expansion layer 152 contacts the outside. The expansion layer 152 is a water-expanding material.
[0044] Please refer to FIGS. 15A-15H In the case that the expansion layer 152 does not contact water, the cable assembly 10 can pass through the first slot 31b to enter the groove passage 31a. In the case that the expansion layer 152 contacts water, the cable assembly 10 cannot pass through the first slot 31b to be clamped in the groove passage 31a.
[0045] It can be understood that the cable bundle 12 can include one cable 122. At this time, the cable 122 is a hybrid cable of electric cable and signal cable. The signal cable can be an optical signal cable or an electric signal cable.
[0046] The cable bundle 12 can include a plurality of cables 122. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 9 , the cable bundle 12 includes 7 cables 122. For example, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 10 , the cable bundle 12 includes 10 cables 122. Each cable 122 can be any one of an electric cable, a signal cable, a hybrid cable of electric cable and signal cable. The signal cable can be an optical signal cable or an electric signal cable.
[0047] In the above embodiments, the volume change of the expansion layer 152 before and after contacting water is used to achieve that the cable assembly 10 passes through the first slot 31b to enter the groove channel 31a when the expansion layer 152 does not contact water, and the cable assembly 10 cannot pass through the first slot 31b to be clamped in the groove channel 31a when the expansion layer 152 contacts water, so that the cable 122 cannot be detached by the water flow to avoid damage, and the cable 122 is also convenient for later maintenance, thereby facilitating long-term and effective monitoring of the water tunnel 30.
[0048] In some embodiments, the material of the expansion layer 152 is water-swelling rubber. It can be understood that the water-swelling rubber is a material available in the art. For example, the raw material of the water-swelling rubber includes a rubber matrix and a water-absorbing material, the rubber matrix is natural rubber or chloroprene rubber, and the water-absorbing material is water-soluble polyurethane prepolymer or sodium acrylate macromolecular water-absorbing resin. For example, the material of the expansion layer 152 can be water-swelling rubber with a volume expansion ratio of 250% to 600%, and the volume expansion ratio of the expansion layer 152 is 250% to 600% to balance the need for the volume increase of the expansion layer 152 to achieve the clamping of the cable assembly 10 in the groove channel 31a, and the need for the volume of the expansion layer 152 not to increase too much to avoid excessive stress of the cable assembly 10 causing damage to the cable 122.
[0049] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the covering layer 15 is the expansion layer 152, the covering layer 15 encloses to form a containing channel 15a for placing the cable bundle 12; and the cross section of the covering layer 15 formed along the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the containing channel 15a is in a closed state.
[0050] In the above embodiments, the cable bundle 12 can enter the containing channel 15a by one end of the cable bundle 12 penetrating one end opening of the containing channel 15a to form the cable assembly 10. The cable bundle 12 can also be implemented by one end of each cable 122 penetrating one end opening of the containing channel 15a to achieve that each cable 122 enters the containing channel 15a, and then the entire cable bundle 12 enters the containing channel 15a.
[0051] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 The cladding layer 15 further comprises a skeleton layer 154 for supporting the swelling layer 152; the skeleton layer 154 encloses the accommodation channel 15a for accommodating the cable bundle 12; the swelling layer 152 is disposed on the side of the skeleton layer 154 away from the accommodation channel 15a; The cladding layer 15 is in a closed state along the cross section formed perpendicular to the extension direction of the accommodation channel 15a.
[0052] In the above embodiments, the skeleton layer 154 is used to support the swelling layer 152 to prevent the swelling layer 152 from swelling towards the accommodation channel 15a in the presence of water, thereby avoiding the swelling layer 152 from exerting a pressing force on the cable 122 due to swelling towards the accommodation channel 15a, and further avoiding the cable 122 from being damaged due to the pressing force exerted by the swelling layer 152.
[0053] In some embodiments, the swelling layer 152 can be disposed on the side of the skeleton layer 154 away from the accommodation channel 15a in a bonding manner. Specifically, the cable assembly 10 further comprises a bonding layer disposed between the swelling layer 152 and the skeleton layer 154. For example, the bonding layer is made of a neoprene-phenolic adhesive.
[0054] In some embodiments, the skeleton layer 154 can be made of a high-molecular elastomer having pressure resistance, elasticity and wear resistance. The high-molecular elastomer is vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic elastomer. When the high-molecular elastomer is vulcanized rubber, the material is one of nitrile rubber (NBR), hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR) or natural rubber (NR). When the high-molecular elastomer is thermoplastic elastomer, the material is one of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or polyamide-based elastomer (TPAE).
[0055] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 and FIG. 15E and FIG. 15F The wear resistance of the skeleton layer 154 is higher than that of the swelling layer 152; The skeleton layer 154 comprises a first part 1541 and a second part 1543, and the first part 1541 and the second part 1543 are connected to each other to enclose the accommodation channel 15a; The side of the first part 1541 away from the accommodation channel 15a is a first side 1541a, and the first side 1541a is in contact with the outside; the side of the second part 1543 away from the accommodation channel 15a is a second side 1543a, and the second side 1543a is provided with the swelling layer 152; When the cable assembly 10 is disposed in the groove channel 31a, the first side 1541a of the first part 1541 is disposed opposite to the first slot 31b.
[0056] In the above embodiment, when the cable assembly 10 is arranged in the groove channel 31a with the first side 1541a opposite to the first notch 31b, the first side 1541a can resist the water flow force and avoid the expansion layer 152 from being damaged due to the water flow force, so as to avoid the cable 122 from being damaged due to the expansion layer 152 from being damaged and falling out of the groove channel 31a, because the wear resistance of the framework layer 154 is higher than that of the expansion layer 152.
[0057] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , and FIG. 15E and FIG. 15F , the distance from the side of the first part 1541 away from the accommodation channel 15a to the side of the first part 1541 toward the accommodation channel 15a is a first distance, and the distance from the side of the second part 1543 away from the accommodation channel 15a to the side of the second part 1543 toward the accommodation channel 15a is a second distance, and the first distance is greater than the second distance.
[0058] In the above embodiment, when the cable assembly 10 is arranged in the groove channel 31a with the first side 1541a opposite to the first notch 31b, the first distance is greater than the second distance, so that at least a part of the expansion layer 152 is shielded by the first part 1541 in the radial extension direction of the accommodation channel 15a, and the first part 1541 can reduce the water flow force of the water flow on the expansion layer 152; therefore, the expansion layer 152 can be further prevented from being damaged due to the water flow force, so as to further avoid the cable 122 from being damaged due to the expansion layer 152 from being damaged and falling out of the groove channel 31a, that is, being damaged due to falling out.
[0059] It can be understood that in the above embodiment, the first part 1541 includes a third side 1541b, the expansion layer 152 includes a fourth side 1543b, the third side 1541b and the fourth side 1543b are arranged opposite to each other, and the third side 1541b and the fourth side 1543b are both arranged substantially along the radial extension direction of the accommodation channel 15a; in the radial extension direction of the accommodation channel 15a, the length of the third side 1541b is greater than the length of the fourth side 1543b, so as to achieve the effect that at least a part of the expansion layer 152 is shielded by the first part 1541.
[0060] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , the covering layer 15 further includes a framework layer 154 for supporting the expansion layer 152; The framework layer 154 encloses to form the accommodation channel 15a for accommodating the cable bundle 12; the expansion layer 152 is arranged on the side of the framework layer 154 away from the accommodation channel 15a; The cladding layer 15 is provided with a first opening 15b in communication with the accommodation channel 15a, for each cable 122 in the cable bundle 12 to enter the accommodation channel 15a in a manner that the cable side wall passes through the first opening 15b, so as to realize that the cable bundle 12 is arranged in the accommodation channel 15a as a whole, and the extension direction of the first opening 15b is consistent with the extension direction of the accommodation channel 15a; the framework layer 154 is provided with a second opening 154b, and the expansion layer 152 is provided with a third opening 152b, the second opening 154b and the third opening 152b are in communication to form the first opening 15b; The expansion layer 152 has the third opening 152b in a state of not contacting water, and the third opening 152b is reduced to a closed state in a state of contacting water.
[0061] In the above embodiment, the framework layer 154 is used to support the expansion layer 152, so as to prevent the expansion layer 152 from expanding towards the accommodation channel 15a in a state of contacting water, and avoid that the expansion layer 152 exerts extrusion force on the cable 122 due to expansion towards the accommodation channel 15a, and further avoid that the cable 122 is damaged due to the extrusion force exerted by the expansion layer 152.
[0062] In a state of not contacting water, the third opening 152b and the second opening 154b form the first opening 15b, and each cable 122 in the cable bundle 12 can enter the accommodation channel 15a in a manner that the cable side wall passes through the first opening 15b, so as to realize that the cable bundle 12 is arranged in the accommodation channel 15a as a whole, and form the cable assembly 10. In a state of contacting water, the third opening 152b is reduced to a closed state, so as to isolate the accommodation channel 15a from the external environment, and the cable 122 will not be damaged due to the action of water flow.
[0063] In some embodiments, the expansion layer 152 can be arranged on the side of the framework layer 154 away from the accommodation channel 15a in a bonding manner. Specifically, the cable assembly 10 further comprises a bonding layer arranged between the expansion layer 152 and the framework layer 154. For example, the bonding layer is made of chloroprene-phenolic adhesive.
[0064] In some embodiments, the skeleton layer 154 can adopt a high-molecular elastomer with pressure resistance, elasticity and wear resistance. The high-molecular elastomer is vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic elastomer. When the high-molecular elastomer is vulcanized rubber, the material thereof is one of nitrile rubber (NBR), hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR) or natural rubber (NR). When the high-molecular elastomer is thermoplastic elastomer, the material thereof is one of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or polyamide-based elastomer (TPAE). It can be understood that the skeleton layer 154 adopts a high-molecular elastomer, so that when the cable 122 passes through the first opening 15b into the accommodation channel 15a to complete the assembly process of the cable assembly 10, the opening size of the first opening 15b can become larger when the first opening 15b is subjected to external force, thereby facilitating the cable 122 to quickly enter the accommodation channel 15a, and the opening size of the first opening 15b can become smaller until it returns to the initial state when the external force is removed, thereby preventing the cable 122 in the accommodation channel 15a from being pulled out of the first opening 15b, thereby avoiding damage to the cable 122.
[0065] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , and FIG. 15G and FIG. 15H , the wear resistance of the skeleton layer 154 is higher than that of the expansion layer 152. The skeleton layer 154 includes a first part 1541 and a second part 1543, the first part 1541 and the second part 1543 are connected to each other to form the accommodation channel 15a; the first side 1541a of the first part 1541 away from the accommodation channel 15a is in contact with the outside world; the second side 1543a of the second part 1543 away from the accommodation channel 15a is provided with the expansion layer 152. The second opening 154b is located at a position of the second part 1543 away from the first part 1541; the third opening 152b is located at a position of the expansion layer 152 away from the first part 1541. When the cable assembly 10 is arranged in the groove channel 31a, the first side 1541a of the first part 1541 is arranged opposite to the first notch 31b.
[0066] In the above embodiments, when the cable assembly 10 is arranged in the groove channel 31a with the first side 1541a arranged opposite to the first notch 31b under the action of water flow, the first side 1541a can resist the action of water flow due to the wear resistance of the skeleton layer 154 being higher than that of the expansion layer 152, thereby avoiding damage to the expansion layer 152 caused by the action of water flow, and avoiding the cable 122 from being pulled out of the groove channel 31a, that is, from falling off and being damaged due to damage to the expansion layer 152.
[0067] In the above embodiment, the second opening 154b is located at the second portion 1543 away from the first portion 1541, and the third opening 152b is located at the expansion layer 152 away from the first portion 1541, so that the first opening 15b is located at the cladding layer 15 away from the first portion 1541, thereby when the cable assembly 10 is arranged in the recess channel 31a with the first side 1541a opposite to the first notch 31b, the first opening 15b as a weak portion is protected from the water flow, and the cable 122 is protected.
[0068] In the above embodiment, the second opening 154b is located at the second portion 1543, and the second opening 154b and the first portion 1541 are arranged opposite along the radial direction of the accommodation channel 15a, and the third opening 152b and the first portion 1541 are arranged opposite along the radial direction of the accommodation channel 15a.
[0069] In some embodiments, referring to FIGS. 5-8 , and FIGS. 15E-15H , the distance from the side of the first portion 1541 away from the accommodation channel 15a to the side of the first portion 1541 toward the accommodation channel 15a is a first distance, and the distance from the side of the second portion 1543 away from the accommodation channel 15a to the side of the second portion 1543 toward the accommodation channel 15a is a second distance, and the first distance is greater than the second distance.
[0070] In the above embodiment, when the cable assembly 10 is arranged in the recess channel 31a with the first side 1541a opposite to the first notch 31b, due to the first distance being greater than the second distance, at least a portion of the expansion layer 152 is shielded by the first portion 1541 in the radial extension direction of the accommodation channel 15a, and the first portion 1541 can reduce the water flow force of the water flow on the expansion layer 152; therefore, the expansion layer 152 can be further prevented from being damaged by the water flow force, and the cable 122 can be further prevented from being damaged by being pulled out of the recess channel 31a.
[0071] It can be understood that in the above embodiment, the first portion 1541 includes a third side 1541b arranged along the radial extension direction of the accommodation channel 15a, and the expansion layer 152 includes a fourth side 1543b arranged along the radial extension direction of the accommodation channel 15a; the third side 1541b and the fourth side 1543b are arranged opposite, and in the radial extension direction of the accommodation channel 15a, the length of the third side 1541b is greater than the length of the fourth side 1543b, so that at least a portion of the expansion layer 152 is shielded by the first portion 1541.
[0072] In some embodiments, referring to FIGS. 5-8 , andFIGS. 15E-15H The first cross section of the cable assembly 10 is approximately elliptical, and the cable assembly 10 includes an approximately vertical long axis and a short axis.
[0073] In the above embodiment, the first cross section is approximately elliptical, so that when the cable assembly 10 accommodates the same cross section size cable bundle 12, the cable assembly 10 is arranged in the groove channel 31a with the short axis pointing to the groove bottom, the size ratio of the groove width of the first slot 31b and the long axis of the cable assembly 10 can be reduced, so that the cable assembly 10 can be more stably and firmly clamped in the groove channel 31a.
[0074] In some embodiments, referring to FIGS. 5-8 and FIGS. 15E-15H The first cross section of the cable assembly 10 is approximately elliptical, and the cable assembly 10 includes an approximately vertical long axis and a short axis; the first part 1541 is located at the intersection with the short axis.
[0075] In the above embodiment, the long axis is the connecting line of the two points with the maximum distance of the outer surface of the cable assembly 10. The short axis is the connecting line of the two points with the minimum distance of the outer surface of the cable assembly 10.
[0076] In the above embodiment, the first cross section is approximately elliptical, so that when the cable assembly 10 accommodates the same cross section size cable bundle 12, the cable assembly 10 is arranged in the groove channel 31a with the short axis pointing to the groove bottom, the size ratio of the groove width of the first slot 31b and the long axis of the cable assembly 10 can be reduced, so that the cable assembly 10 can be more stably and firmly clamped in the groove channel 31a; The first part 1541 is located at the intersection with the short axis, so that when the cable assembly 10 is arranged in the groove channel 31a with the short axis pointing to the groove bottom, the first side 1541a can be arranged opposite to the first slot 31b, and the first side 1541a can resist the water flow force.
[0077] Referring to FIGS. 11-14 and FIGS. 15A-15H The application also provides a hydraulic tunnel structure 2, which includes the cable assembly 10 and the hydraulic tunnel 30.
[0078] The hydraulic tunnel 30 includes a lining structure 31 and a water conveying channel 30a enclosed by the lining structure 31. The lining structure 31 is provided with a groove channel 31a on the side facing the water conveying channel 30a. The groove channel 31a has a first slot 31b, and the groove channel 31a communicates with the water conveying channel 30a through the first slot 31b. The groove channel 31a is used for accommodating the cable assembly 10. The cable assembly 10 is arranged in the groove channel 31a.
[0079] The first slot 31b can accommodate the cable assembly 10 to pass through in the case that the expansion layer 152 does not contact water, so that the cable assembly 10 can enter the groove channel 31a; the first slot 31b cannot accommodate the cable assembly 10 to pass through in the case that the expansion layer 152 contacts water, so that the cable assembly 10 can be clamped in the groove channel 31a.
[0080] In some embodiments, referring to FIGS. 15A-15D and FIG. 16A , and FIGS. 15E-15H and FIG. 16B , The groove channel 31a has a gradually increasing groove width and then a gradually decreasing groove width in a first direction H1 from the first slot 31b to the groove bottom; the groove width at the opening of the groove channel 31a is referred to as a first groove width, and the maximum groove width of the groove channel 31a is referred to as a second groove width. The cable assembly 10 has an elliptical shape in a first cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the accommodation channel 15a, and includes an approximately vertical major axis and a minor axis; In the case that the expansion layer 152 does not contact water, the minor axis of the cable assembly 10 is smaller than the first groove width, so that the cable assembly 10 can pass through the first slot to enter the groove channel 31a with the major axis pointing to the groove bottom; The major axis of the cable assembly 10 is smaller than the second groove width, so that the cable assembly 10 can be adjusted from a first state to a second state after entering the groove channel 31a; the first state is that the cable assembly 10 is arranged in the groove channel 31a with the major axis pointing to the groove bottom; the second state is that the cable assembly 10 is arranged in the groove channel 31a with the minor axis pointing to the groove bottom.
[0081] In the above embodiments, the major axis is a connecting line of two points with the maximum distance on the outer surface of the cable assembly 10, and the minor axis is a connecting line of two points with the minimum distance on the outer surface of the cable assembly 10.
[0082] In the above embodiments, the groove width of the groove channel 31a gradually increases and then gradually decreases. As a specific embodiment, the cross section of the groove channel 31a perpendicular to the extending direction of the groove channel 31a is Ω-shaped.
[0083] In some embodiments, the lining structure 31 includes groove walls that enclose the groove channel 31a; the groove walls are provided with anti-skid lines.
[0084] In the above embodiments, by arranging the cable assembly 10 in the groove channel 31a formed by the groove wall with anti-skid lines, the frictional force between the cable assembly 10 and the groove wall is increased, and thus the cable assembly 10 can be more stably and firmly engaged in the groove channel 31a. For example, the anti-skid lines can be corrugated or serrated.
[0085] In some embodiments, the lining structure 31 is formed by splicing a plurality of hexagonal segments 330; the hexagonal segment 330 is an arcuate structure; The hexagonal segment 330 includes six edge portions, each of which is used for splicing the hexagonal segment 330 with another hexagonal segment 330 to form a splicing portion; each edge portion is provided with a half-groove 330b; two half-grooves 330b at each splicing portion are spliced to form a groove 330a; when the plurality of hexagonal segments 330 are spliced to form the lining structure 31, the plurality of grooves 330a are connected to each other to form the groove channel 31a.
[0086] In the above embodiments, by arranging the half-groove 330b at the edge portion, the groove channel 31a is formed at the splicing portion of the plurality of hexagonal segments 330, thereby maintaining the integrity and continuity of the overall structure of the hexagonal segment 330, avoiding the situation that the physical performance of the lining structure 31 is reduced due to the groove channel 31a formed at the middle or inner portion of the hexagonal segment 330, and thus ensuring that the cable assembly 10 can be more stably and firmly engaged in the groove channel 31a.
[0087] In some embodiments, referring to FIGS. 15A-15D and FIG. 16A , and FIGS. 15E-15H and FIG. 16B , the hexagonal segment 330 further includes an inner side wall 337 for enclosing the water conveying channel 30a. The groove wall 331 of the hexagonal segment 330 intersects with the inner side wall 337 to form an end portion 338. The end portion 338 is a chamfered end portion. The end portion 338 is chamfered, that is, the end portion 338 is rounded, avoiding damage to the cable assembly 10 during the process of passing through the first slot 31b into the groove channel 31a due to the sharp end portion 338.
[0088] In some embodiments, the half-groove 330b of the hexagonal segment 330 is a prefabricated half-groove, that is, the half-groove is formed during the manufacturing process of the hexagonal segment, rather than being formed on site. The half-groove 330b is a prefabricated half-groove, further maintaining the integrity and continuity of the overall structure of the hexagonal segment 330. Avoiding the situation that the physical performance of the lining structure 31 is reduced due to the half-groove 330b of the hexagonal segment 330 being formed on site to form the groove channel 31a, and thus ensuring that the cable assembly 10 can be more stably and firmly engaged in the groove channel 31a.
[0089] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 , of the six edge portions of the hexagonal pipe sheet 330, the included angle of any two adjacent edge portions is 120 degrees.
[0090] In the above embodiments, the included angle of any two adjacent edge portions of the hexagonal pipe sheet 330 is 120 degrees, so that the included angle of the two connected grooves 330a is also 120 degrees, and the maximum corner of the groove channel 31a is 120 degrees, thereby avoiding the situation that when the cable assembly 10 is arranged in the groove channel 31a, the groove wall 331 constituting the groove channel 31a exerts excessive lateral pressure on the cable assembly 10 due to the too small corner radius of the groove channel 31a, thereby causing the cable assembly 10 to crack, break, or even fall out of the groove channel 31a.
[0091] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 , and FIG. 17A , FIG. 17B , FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B , The six edge portions include two oppositely arranged first edge portions 332, two oppositely arranged second edge portions 334, and two oppositely arranged third edge portions 336; Any two adjacent hexagonal pipe sheets 330 are arranged in a manner that a first edge portion 332 of a first pipe sheet abuts against a first edge portion 332 of a second pipe sheet, or a second edge portion 334 of the first pipe sheet abuts against a second edge portion 334 of the second pipe sheet, or a third edge portion 336 of the first pipe sheet abuts against a third edge portion 336 of the second pipe sheet; wherein the length of the first edge portion 332 is substantially the same as the length of the second edge portion 334; the length of the third edge portion 336 is greater than the length of the first edge portion 332; the first edge portion 332 and the second edge portion 334 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the hydraulic tunnel 30; and the third edge portion 336 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the hydraulic tunnel 30.
[0092] In the above embodiments, by arranging the first edge portion 332 and the second edge portion 334 with shorter lengths along the longitudinal direction of the lining structure 31 and arranging the second edge portion 334 with a longer length along the circumferential direction of the lining structure 31, the cable bundle 12 can be routed along the circumferential direction and also along the longitudinal direction, thereby meeting the wiring requirements in the hydraulic tunnel 30; and under the premise of meeting the wiring requirements in the hydraulic tunnel 30, compared with linear routing of the cable bundle 12, the cable bundle 12 only needs to consume a small amount of cable bundle 12 when routed along the circumferential direction and along the longitudinal direction, thereby achieving the target connection point.
[0093] The cable assembly 10 and the water tunnel structure 2 provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, and the principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by using specific examples in this paper. The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range. In summary, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.
[0094] The cable assembly 10 and the water tunnel structure 2 provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, and the principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by using specific examples in this paper. The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea. Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range. In summary, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.
Claims
1. A cable assembly, characterized by, The utility model is used for water tunnel, the water tunnel includes lining structure and the water tunnel is enclosed by lining structure, the lining structure is provided with recess channel towards water tunnel side, the recess channel has first slot, the recess channel communicates with water tunnel through first slot, the recess channel is used for accommodating cable assembly setting, the cable assembly includes: Cable bundle, including at least one cable, the cable bundle is used for transmitting electric energy and signal to realize the monitoring of water tunnel, and Coating layer is arranged in the outer periphery of cable bundle, and the coating layer at least includes expansion layer, the expansion layer contacts with the outside, and the expansion layer is water-swelling material; Wherein, the cable assembly can pass through the first slot to enter the recess channel in the case that the expansion layer does not contact water, and the cable assembly cannot pass through the first slot to be engaged in the recess channel in the case that the expansion layer contacts water.
2. The cable assembly of claim 1, wherein, The coating layer is expansion layer, the coating layer forms the accommodation channel and is used for placing the cable bundle, and the coating layer is closed along the section perpendicular to the extension direction of the accommodation channel.
3. The cable assembly of claim 1, wherein, The coating layer also includes a skeleton layer for supporting the expansion layer; The skeleton layer forms an accommodation channel for accommodating the cable bundle, and the expansion layer is arranged on the side of the skeleton layer away from the accommodation channel; The coating layer is closed along the section perpendicular to the extension direction of the accommodation channel.
4. The cable assembly of claim 3, wherein, The wear resistance of the skeleton layer is higher than that of the expansion layer; The skeleton layer includes a first part and a second part, and the first part and the second part are connected to each other to form the accommodation channel; The first side of the first part away from the accommodation channel is in contact with the outside, and the second side of the second part away from the accommodation channel is provided with the expansion layer; When the cable assembly is arranged in the recess channel, the first side of the first part is arranged opposite to the first slot.
5. The cable assembly of claim 4, wherein, The distance from the side of the first part away from the accommodation channel to the side of the first part towards the accommodation channel is a first distance, and the distance from the side of the second part away from the accommodation channel to the side of the second part towards the accommodation channel is a second distance, and the first distance is greater than the second distance.
6. The cable assembly of claim 1, wherein, The coating layer also includes a skeleton layer for supporting the expansion layer; The skeleton layer forms an accommodation channel for accommodating the cable bundle, and the expansion layer is arranged on the side of the skeleton layer away from the accommodation channel; The coating layer is provided with a first opening in communication with the accommodation channel, and each cable in the cable bundle enters the accommodation channel through the first opening with the cable side wall; The extension direction of the first opening is consistent with the extension direction of the accommodation channel; The skeleton layer is provided with a second opening, the expansion layer is provided with a third opening, the second opening is in communication with the third opening, and the first opening is formed. The third opening of the expansion layer is reduced to a closed state when the expansion layer contacts water.
7. The cable assembly of claim 6, wherein, The wear resistance of the framework layer is higher than that of the expansion layer. The framework layer comprises a first part and a second part, the first part and the second part are connected to each other to form the accommodation channel; the first part has a first side away from the accommodation channel, and the first side is in contact with the outside; the second part has a second side away from the accommodation channel, and the second side is provided with the expansion layer. The second opening is located at a position of the second part away from the first part; and the third opening is located at a position of the expansion layer away from the first part. When the cable assembly is arranged in the groove channel, the first side of the first part is arranged opposite to the first notch.
8. The cable assembly of claim 7, wherein, The distance from the side of the first part away from the accommodation channel to the side of the first part toward the accommodation channel is a first distance, and the distance from the side of the second part away from the accommodation channel to the side of the second part toward the accommodation channel is a second distance, and the first distance is greater than the second distance.
9. The cable assembly of any one of claims 3, 6, wherein, The first cross section of the cable assembly formed perpendicular to the extension direction of the accommodation channel is an approximately elliptical shape, and the cable assembly comprises approximately perpendicular major and minor axes.
10. The cable assembly of any of claims 4, 5, 7, 8, wherein, The first cross section of the cable assembly formed perpendicular to the extension direction of the accommodation channel is an approximately elliptical shape, and the cable assembly comprises approximately perpendicular major and minor axes. The first part is located at the intersection with the minor axis.
11. A hydraulic tunnel structure, characterized in that Comprise: The cable assembly of any one of claims 1 to 10; And The hydraulic tunnel comprises a lining structure and a water conveying channel enclosed by the lining structure, and the lining structure is provided with a groove channel on the side facing the water conveying channel; the groove channel has a first notch, the groove channel communicates with the water conveying channel through the first notch, and the groove channel is used for accommodating the arrangement of the cable assembly; and the cable assembly is arranged in the groove channel. When the expansion layer does not contact water, the first notch can accommodate the cable assembly to pass through, so that the cable assembly can enter the groove channel; and when the expansion layer contacts water, the first notch cannot accommodate the cable assembly to pass through, so that the cable assembly can be clamped in the groove channel.
12. The hydraulic tunnel structure according to claim 11, characterized in that In the first direction from the first notch to the groove bottom, the groove width of the groove channel first gradually increases and then gradually decreases; the groove width at the opening of the groove channel is referred to as the first groove width, and the maximum groove width of the groove channel is referred to as the second groove width. The covering layer encloses to form an accommodation channel. The first cross section of the cable assembly formed perpendicular to the extension direction of the accommodation channel is an approximately elliptical shape, and the cable assembly comprises approximately perpendicular major and minor axes. When the expansion layer does not contact water, the minor axis size of the cable assembly is smaller than the first groove width, so that the cable assembly can pass through the first notch to enter the groove channel with the major axis pointing to the groove bottom. The long axis dimension of the cable assembly is less than the second slot width, so that the cable assembly can be adjusted from a first state to a second state after entering the groove channel; the first state is that the cable assembly is arranged in the groove channel with the long axis pointing to the slot bottom; The second state is that the cable assembly is arranged in the groove channel with the short axis pointing to the slot bottom.
13. The hydraulic tunnel structure according to claim 11, characterized in that The lining structure comprises a slot wall, which encloses the groove channel; the slot wall is provided with anti-skid lines.
14. The hydraulic tunnel structure according to any one of claims 11, 12, 13, characterized in that The lining structure is spliced by a plurality of hexagonal segments; the hexagonal segment is an arc structure. The hexagonal segment comprises six edge portions, each of which is used for splicing the hexagonal segment with another hexagonal segment to form a splicing portion; each edge portion is provided with a half slot; two half slots of each splicing portion are spliced to form a groove; when a plurality of hexagonal segments are spliced to form the lining structure, a plurality of grooves are connected to form the groove channel.
15. The hydraulic tunnel structure according to claim 14, characterized in that Among the six edge portions of the hexagonal segment, the included angle between any two adjacent edge portions is 120 degrees.
16. The hydraulic tunnel structure according to claim 14, characterized in that The six edge portions comprise two first edge portions arranged oppositely, two second edge portions arranged oppositely, and two third edge portions arranged oppositely. Any two adjacent first segment and second segment among the plurality of hexagonal segments are arranged in a manner that one first edge portion of the first segment abuts against one first edge portion of the second segment, or one second edge portion of the first segment abuts against one second edge portion of the second segment, or one third edge portion of the first segment abuts against one third edge portion of the second segment; Among the six edge portions of the hexagonal segment, the length of the first edge portion is substantially the same as the length of the second edge portion; the length of the third edge portion is greater than the length of the first edge portion; the first edge portion and the second edge portion are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the water tunnel; and the third edge portion is arranged along the circumferential direction of the water tunnel.
Citation Information
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