A coating apparatus for steel rails

Abstract

A kind of coating equipment for steel rail, it is characterized in that, including frame module, the main body support structure of equipment, multi-station series module, environmental protection integrated module and linkage control module.The present application is through " multi-station series integration, special environmental protection adaptation of station, accurate supply of multi-power gas source, intelligent linkage control of whole process " this whole set of systematic technical scheme, synergistic effect, realizes qualitative leap in multiple key performance indicators such as processing efficiency, product quality, environmental performance and automation level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial coating technology, and in particular to a coating equipment for steel rails. Background Technology

[0002] Railway infrastructure is a fundamental and vital carrier of modern industrial construction and economic development, and a nation's most important strategic asset. However, due to its vast spatial span and wide geographical distribution, it is significantly affected by geographical, climatic, and geological factors related to corrosion. In recent years, with the continuous advancement of high-speed and heavy-haul railway construction, my country's total railway operating mileage has exceeded 150,000 kilometers. Rails have become the most widely used steel structural component in railway lines, and their corrosion failure has become a significant issue restricting safe railway operation. Rail components operating in coastal, tunnel, and heavy-haul areas are particularly vulnerable, as they are exposed to complex corrosive environments such as humidity, rainfall, polluted gases, and acid / alkali / salt solutions, leading to severe corrosion. Corrosion causes surface porosity, reduced effective cross-sectional area, and decreased mechanical properties in rails and fasteners, and may even result in sudden rail breaks, causing transportation safety problems. Frequent rail replacements not only increase the workload of workers but also significantly impact normal railway transportation schedules and increase overall railway maintenance costs. The costs incurred during rail replacement windows far exceed the cost of the rails themselves.

[0003] Japan, India, and other countries have developed Cu-Mo and Ni-Cu-Cr (NCC) series corrosion-resistant rails. Alloying can improve the corrosion resistance of rails in alternating wet and dry environments by about 30%-60% compared to ordinary C-Mn rails, but it still cannot meet the protection requirements in heavily corrosive environments. Domestically, Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group, Wuhan Iron and Steel Group, and Baotou Steel have developed corrosion-resistant rails with corrosion resistance more than 25% higher than U71Mn, and some of these rails have been tested, but the cost is high. Besides corrosion-resistant rails, coating technology is used domestically and internationally for rail corrosion protection. Currently, the bottleneck in the application of coating technology is large-scale automated production.

[0004] Despite continuous advancements in coating technology, existing coating spraying equipment still faces significant bottlenecks, making it difficult to meet the industrial demands for "high efficiency, precision, environmental friendliness, and stability."

[0005] The fragmented process leads to low efficiency: processes such as surface treatment (sandblasting), coating deposition (spraying), and curing (drying) are mostly independent workstations, requiring manual or simple mechanical transfer of the rails. This not only reduces processing efficiency by more than 50%, but also easily causes contamination of the rail surface, affecting the coating bonding strength.

[0006] Poor adaptability of environmental protection treatment: Pollutants such as spraying dust and drying VOCs are mostly treated in a centralized manner, without being adapted to the characteristics of pollutants at different work stations, resulting in insufficient dust collection efficiency and difficulty in achieving stable VOCs emission standards.

[0007] Insufficient process adaptability: Existing equipment mostly uses a single power air source, which cannot match the airflow requirements of different processes such as sandblasting (low pressure and high flow rate) and arc spraying (high pressure and low flow rate), resulting in excessive coating thickness error and low bonding strength.

[0008] Lack of automation and collaboration: process parameters (spraying pressure, drying temperature, etc.) at each station are mostly controlled independently, and there is no dedicated parameter library for rail specifications (such as 60kg / m, 75kg / m). Parameter switching takes a long time, and the coating defect rate (blistering, insufficient adhesion) is high. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To overcome the shortcomings of existing methods, this invention proposes a coating device for steel rails.

[0010] A coating device for steel rails includes a frame module, which constitutes the main support structure of the device;

[0011] A multi-station series module is provided, which sequentially integrates a sandblasting station, an arc spraying station, a painting station, and a drying station along the length of the frame module. Each station adopts a closed housing. A dedicated conveying and positioning module is set on the frame module to convey the steel rail at a constant speed and make it pass through the sandblasting station, arc spraying station, painting station, and drying station in sequence.

[0012] The environmental protection integrated module includes a dust removal subsystem connected to the sandblasting station and the arc spraying station, and a VOC waste gas treatment subsystem connected to the painting station and the drying station.

[0013] The multi-power air source adapter module includes at least two air compressors of different powers, which are connected to the sandblasting station, the arc spraying station and the painting station through independent pressure regulation circuits respectively.

[0014] The system also includes a linkage control module, which is electrically connected to the multi-station serial module, the dedicated conveying and positioning module, the environmental protection integration module, and the multi-power air source adapter module. The linkage control module has a built-in rail specification parameter library, which is used to synchronously call and control the process parameters of each station according to the selected rail specifications to achieve fully automated operation.

[0015] The sandblasting station is equipped with at least three sets of adjustable sandblasting guns, a sand recovery system, and a rail surface cleaning device; the arc spraying station is equipped with multiple sets of arc spraying mechanisms distributed along the circumference of the rail; the painting station is equipped with multiple sets of paint spraying guns and a paint supply system; the drying station uses infrared heating and is equipped with a turbine fan.

[0016] The sandblasting station housing is made of steel plate with a thickness of ≥3mm and lined with wear-resistant rubber. Inside, along the direction of rail travel, one sandblasting gun is arranged on the left, right, and bottom. The nozzle diameter of the sandblasting gun is 8mm, and it can reciprocate ±30° via a crank-connecting rod mechanism driven by an adjustable speed motor, ensuring uniform sandblasting coverage. The sandblasting medium is brown corundum with a particle size range of 0.5-1.2mm. A funnel-shaped sand collection hopper is located at the bottom of the station, connected to a sand recovery system. This system includes a screw conveyor and a multi-layer vibrating screen, used to recover used abrasive, screen out qualified particles, and recycle them back into the sandblasting gun's hopper. At the outlet end of sandblasting station 2, a set of rotating brushes and a compressed air nozzle are integrated, forming a rail surface cleaning device used to remove residual dust from the rail surface before it enters the next station.

[0017] The arc spraying station is also a closed structure, housing six DES-300A type arc spraying mechanisms, evenly distributed around the circumference of the rails. Each spraying mechanism includes a wire feeding mechanism, a spraying host, and a spray gun. The spraying material is zinc-aluminum alloy wire (such as ZnAl15) with a wire diameter of 3mm. The rated current of the spraying power supply is 300A. The spray gun nozzle is maintained at a distance of 100±10mm from the rail surface, and can be finely adjusted via a precision lead screw slide to accommodate different rail specifications.

[0018] The spray painting station is designed as a sealed spray booth, equipped with explosion-proof lighting and an observation window. It has three sets of spray guns, aimed at the left, right, and bottom of the steel rails respectively. The spray guns use W-71 type nozzles with a diameter of 1.8mm. The paint supply system includes a 40L paint tank with a stirring function, an A-20 type pneumatic diaphragm pump, and corresponding corrosion-resistant paint delivery pipelines. The paint can be epoxy zinc-rich primer or chromium-free passivation solution.

[0019] The drying station employs a double-layer insulation structure, with rock wool insulation material filling the middle. The heating source consists of multiple carbon fiber infrared heating tubes with adjustable power. A centrifugal turbine fan 51 is installed at the top of the station for forced convection, ensuring that the temperature uniformity within the station is ≤±5℃. Temperature sensors monitor the oven temperature in real time and provide feedback to the PLC.

[0020] The multi-power air source adapter module includes a first 110KW air compressor that provides low-pressure, high-flow airflow to the sandblasting station, a second 110KW air compressor that provides high-pressure, low-flow airflow to the arc spraying station, a 45KW air compressor that provides airflow to the painting station, and a pressure regulating circuit that includes solenoid valves, pressure sensors, and throttle valves for each air compressor.

[0021] Multi-power air source adapter modules are crucial for ensuring process quality at each workstation. For the sandblasting process, which requires low pressure (0.5-0.7MPa) and high flow rate (≥18m³ / min), a 110KW screw air compressor is configured to supply air. For the arc spraying process, which requires high pressure (0.6-0.8MPa), low flow rate, but stable operation, another 110KW screw air compressor is configured for separate air supply. For the painting process, which requires medium pressure (0.3-0.5MPa), a 45KW screw air compressor is configured. Each air compressor outlet is connected in parallel to a 100L air tank to stabilize pressure and eliminate pulsations. Each air path is equipped with a PLC-controlled solenoid valve, a high-precision pressure sensor, and an electric throttle valve, forming an independent closed-loop pressure control circuit.

[0022] The linkage control module is based on a PLC controller and is connected to a sensor group for detecting the position of the rail, airflow pressure, drying temperature and coating level, as well as a touch screen and a remote communication module that support parameter setting and equipment status monitoring.

[0023] The inventiveness of this invention is concentrated in its intelligent linkage control. The software system of the linkage control module 10 has a pre-set library of rail specification parameters. Taking the processing of "60kg / m rail" as an example, the preset parameters in the parameter library are: sandblasting target roughness Rz 60μm, sandblasting pressure 0.6MPa, arc spraying coating thickness 150μm, spraying voltage 32V, paint coating thickness 120μm, drying temperature 120℃, and drying time 10 minutes (that is, the length of the drying station must meet the requirement of the rail passing through at a speed of 30mm / s and remaining there for 10 minutes).

[0024] The dedicated conveying and positioning module includes a conveying roller group with a fixed conveying speed of 30 mm / s, a positioning mechanism that matches the I-shaped cross-section of the rail and is driven by a cylinder, and a servo drive motor that drives the conveying roller group.

[0025] A method for operating a coating equipment for steel rails includes the following steps:

[0026] The parameter preset step involves selecting the rail specification through the linkage control module and automatically calling the preset process parameters in the parameter library.

[0027] The rail loading and positioning steps involve placing the rail on the conveying and positioning module and starting the uniform conveying process.

[0028] The continuous automated processing steps involve the rails sequentially passing through a sandblasting station for surface cleaning and roughening, an arc spraying station for alloy coating, a painting station for organic coating or passivation liquid, and a drying station for coating curing. The start and stop of each station, the switching of air sources, and the operation of the environmental protection system are all automatically controlled by the linkage control module based on the real-time position signal of the rails.

[0029] And the finished product cutting process.

[0030] In the continuous automated processing steps, when the rail enters the sandblasting station, the linkage control module controls the first 110KW air compressor and the dust removal subsystem to start synchronously; when the rail leaves the sandblasting station and enters the arc spraying station, the linkage control module controls the sandblasting station to stop and starts the second 110KW air compressor and the arc spraying mechanism; when the rail enters the painting station, the 45KW air compressor and the VOC exhaust gas treatment subsystem are started.

[0031] Throughout the continuous automated processing steps, the linkage control module receives feedback signals from various pressure and temperature sensors in real time and compares them with the set values ​​in the parameter library. By adjusting the opening of the throttle valve or the heating power, it achieves closed-loop control of the airflow pressure and drying temperature.

[0032] The working process of the sandblasting station includes: using a sandblasting gun to sandblast the surface of the rail, while recovering and screening the abrasive through a sand recovery system, and cleaning the surface of the rail using a cleaning device before it leaves the sandblasting station.

[0033] The dedicated conveying and positioning module has a constant conveying speed of 30mm / s, and when the rail reaches the processing start point of each workstation, the positioning mechanism is activated to limit the rail, ensuring accurate positioning of the rail during processing.

[0034] This invention achieves a qualitative leap in several key performance indicators, such as processing efficiency, product quality, environmental performance, and automation level, through a complete set of systematic technical solutions including "multi-station serial integration, station-specific environmental adaptation, multi-power precise gas supply, and full-process intelligent linkage control". Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a coating equipment for steel rails. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The coating equipment for steel rails provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] according to Figure 1 As shown, a coating equipment for rails includes a frame module, which constitutes the main support structure of the equipment;

[0038] A multi-station series module is provided, which sequentially integrates a sandblasting station 2, an arc spraying station 3, a painting station 4, and a drying station 5 along the length of the frame module. Each station adopts a closed housing. A dedicated conveying and positioning module is set on the frame module to convey the steel rail at a constant speed and make it pass through the sandblasting station 2, the arc spraying station 3, the painting station 4, and the drying station 5 in sequence.

[0039] The environmental protection integrated module includes a dust removal subsystem 7 connected to the sandblasting station 2 and the arc spraying station 3, and a VOC exhaust gas treatment subsystem 8 connected to the painting station 4 and the drying station 5.

[0040] The multi-power air source adapter module 9 includes at least two air compressors with different powers, which are connected to the sandblasting station 2, the arc spraying station 3 and the painting station 4 respectively through independent pressure regulation circuits.

[0041] The linkage control module 10 is electrically connected to the multi-station serial module, the dedicated conveying and positioning module 6, the environmental protection integration module, and the multi-power air source adapter module. The linkage control module has a built-in rail specification parameter library, which is used to synchronously call and control the process parameters of each station according to the selected rail specification to realize the fully automated operation of the entire process.

[0042] The sandblasting station 2 is equipped with at least three sets of adjustable sandblasting guns, a sand recovery system, and a rail surface cleaning device; the arc spraying station 3 is equipped with multiple sets of arc spraying mechanisms 31 distributed along the circumference of the rail; the painting station 4 is equipped with multiple sets of paint spraying guns and a paint supply system; the drying station 5 adopts infrared heating and is equipped with a turbine fan.

[0043] The multi-power air source adapter module 9 includes a first 110KW air compressor that provides low-pressure, high-flow airflow to the sandblasting station 2, a second 110KW air compressor that provides high-pressure, low-flow airflow to the arc spraying station 3, a 45KW air compressor that provides airflow to the painting station (4), and a pressure regulating circuit that includes a solenoid valve, a pressure sensor, and a throttle valve for each air compressor.

[0044] The linkage control module is based on a PLC controller and is connected to a sensor group for detecting the position of the rail, airflow pressure, drying temperature and coating level, as well as a touch screen and a remote communication module that support parameter setting and equipment status monitoring.

[0045] The dedicated conveying and positioning module includes a conveying roller group with a fixed conveying speed of 30 mm / s, a positioning mechanism that matches the I-shaped cross-section of the rail and is driven by a cylinder, and a servo drive motor that drives the conveying roller group.

[0046] A method for operating a coating equipment for steel rails includes the following steps:

[0047] The parameter preset step involves selecting the rail specification through the linkage control module and automatically calling the preset process parameters in the parameter library.

[0048] The rail loading and positioning steps involve placing the rail on the conveying and positioning module and starting the uniform conveying process.

[0049] The continuous automated processing steps involve the rail passing through the sandblasting station 2 for surface cleaning and roughening, the arc spraying station 3 for alloy coating, the painting station 4 for organic coating or passivation liquid, and the drying station 5 for coating curing. The start and stop of each station, the air source switching, and the operation of the environmental protection system are all automatically controlled by the linkage control module based on the real-time position signal of the rail.

[0050] And the finished product cutting process.

[0051] In the continuous automated processing steps, when the rail enters the sandblasting station 2, the linkage control module controls the first 110KW air compressor and the dust removal subsystem 7 to start synchronously; when the rail leaves the sandblasting station 2 and enters the arc spraying station 3, the linkage control module controls the sandblasting station 2 to stop and starts the second 110KW air compressor and the arc spraying mechanism 31; when the rail enters the painting station 4, the 45KW air compressor and the VOC exhaust gas treatment subsystem 8 are started.

[0052] Throughout the continuous automated processing steps, the linkage control module receives feedback signals from various pressure and temperature sensors in real time and compares them with the set values ​​in the parameter library. By adjusting the opening of the throttle valve or the heating power, it achieves closed-loop control of the airflow pressure and drying temperature.

[0053] The working process of the sandblasting station 2 includes: using a sandblasting gun to sandblast the surface of the rail, while recovering and screening the abrasive through the sand recovery system 22, and cleaning the surface of the rail using a cleaning device before it leaves the sandblasting station 2.

[0054] The dedicated conveying and positioning module 6 has a constant conveying speed of 30 mm / s, and when the rail reaches the processing start point of each workstation, the positioning mechanism is activated to limit the rail and ensure accurate positioning of the rail during processing.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] The rail coating equipment used in this embodiment is a highly integrated automated production line, its innovation lying in the organic integration of six major systems. The frame module adopts a heavy-duty steel structure, providing a stable foundation for the equipment. The multi-station series module is arranged longitudinally along the production line, with sandblasting, arc spraying, painting, and drying stations, each employing a closed design. The dedicated conveyor positioning module uses servo motors to drive the conveyor rollers, ensuring the rails pass smoothly through each station at a constant speed of 30mm / s. The environmental integration module adopts a station-specific processing strategy: sandblasting and arc spraying stations share a high-efficiency dust removal system, while painting and drying stations are connected to a dedicated VOC exhaust gas treatment system. The multi-power air source adaptation module configures differentiated air sources for different process requirements, including two 110KW air compressors serving sandblasting and arc spraying respectively, and one 45KW air compressor serving the painting station. The linkage control module is based on a PLC, integrating a sensor network and a human-machine interface, and pre-stores a database of process parameters for various rail specifications.

[0057] When coating 60kg / m steel rails, the equipment operates according to the following process: First, the operator selects the preset "60kg / m steel rail - ARC alloy - epoxy resin" process formula via the touchscreen in the control room. The linkage control system automatically retrieves a complete set of optimized process parameters from the parameter library, including 27 key parameters such as sandblasting pressure 0.65MPa, arc spraying voltage 32V, spraying distance 150mm, epoxy resin spraying pressure 0.4MPa, and drying temperature curve, and completes a system self-check. The steel rail to be processed is hoisted onto the feed end conveyor roller. After the equipment is started, the servo drive system feeds the steel rail into the production line at a constant speed of 30mm / s. When the steel rail head triggers the sandblasting station inlet sensor, the PLC control system automatically executes a series of linkage commands: closing the station sealing door, starting the 110KW air compressor dedicated to sandblasting and adjusting the pressure to the set value, turning on the dust removal system fan, and starting the sandblasting gun and swing mechanism. Three sandblasting guns, targeting the left, right, and bottom of the rail respectively, reciprocate at ±30° angles driven by an adjustable-speed motor, uniformly cleaning and roughening the rail surface to ensure a cleanliness level of Sa3.0 and a roughness requirement of Rz60-80μm. Dust generated during sandblasting is effectively captured by a specially designed suction hood at the top of the workstation and transported through a pipeline system to an MC-960 pulse dust collector for purification. After sandblasting, any remaining dust on the rail surface is thoroughly removed by rotating brushes and compressed air blowing.

[0058] When the rail head enters the arc spraying station, the control system achieves seamless station switching: the sandblasting station stops in an orderly manner, and simultaneously another 110KW air compressor is started to provide a stable air source for arc spraying. Six sets of arc spraying guns arranged circumferentially along the rail begin to work. The wire feeding mechanism continuously feeds aluminum rare earth alloy wire into the spray gun, where it melts under the action of a high-voltage arc, is atomized by compressed air, and sprayed at high speed onto the rail surface to form a dense alloy coating. During the spraying process, the movement trajectory and wire feeding speed of each spray gun are programmed and controlled according to the I-shaped cross-section of the rail to ensure that different parts such as the rail head, rail web, and rail bottom can obtain a uniform coating thickness, controlling the thickness error within ±8μm. The metallic fumes generated at this station are also effectively collected and treated by a dedicated dust removal system. Subsequently, the rail enters the painting station, where a 45KW air compressor starts to provide power to the painting system. Three sets of precision paint guns evenly spray epoxy resin coating onto the alloy coating surface to form a protective layer. The painting station maintains a slight negative pressure, ensuring that paint mist and VOCs are promptly drawn into the ventilation duct and sent to a HY-HYT-15000m³ / h activated carbon adsorption concentration + catalytic combustion device for deep purification, guaranteeing that VOCs emission concentrations are below the stringent environmental standard of 20mg / m³. Finally, the rail enters the drying station, where an infrared heating system cures the coating according to a preset temperature curve. A turbine fan ensures uniform temperature distribution within the station, and temperature sensors monitor and feed back to the PLC for precise PID control, ensuring complete curing of the epoxy resin without overheating damage. Throughout the entire process, the start-up and shutdown of each station, parameter adjustments, and the operation of the environmental protection system are automatically coordinated by the linkage control system based on the rail position signals, achieving true full-process automation. After approximately 90 minutes of continuous processing, the 25-meter-long rail completes all protective treatment and is output from the discharge end. The system automatically generates a quality traceability report containing actual parameters from each station.

[0059] This embodiment fully demonstrates the significant progress and creativity of the present invention compared with the prior art. First, through the multi-station series integration design and intelligent linkage control, the traditional discrete and independent processes are integrated into a continuous production line, eliminating the rail transfer link, reducing the processing time of a single 25-meter rail from more than 4 hours in the traditional process to 1.5 hours, and the efficiency is increased by more than 150%. Second, the differential adaptation of multi-power air sources and closed-loop pressure control provide optimal and stable process conditions for each process. Combined with constant-speed conveying and precise positioning, it ensures a high degree of consistency in the coating quality. The error in the coating thickness uniformity is improved from ±25μm in the traditional process to ±8μm, and the bonding strength is increased from 15MPa to more than 28MPa. Third, the environmental protection treatment strategy adapted to different work positions adopts special treatment processes for the characteristics of different pollutants, with the pollutant collection efficiency reaching more than 95%, and the emission concentration far lower than the national standard, solving the problem of low treatment efficiency of the general system. Finally, the intelligent control system based on the parameter library simplifies the setting of complex process parameters into a "one-key" operation, greatly reducing the dependence on the skills of operators and ensuring the stability and traceability of product quality. This comprehensive improvement achieved through system-level innovation reflects the prominent substantive features and significant technological progress of the present invention.

[0060]

[0061] Table 1 Comparison of the effects of the embodiment of the present invention and the prior art

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to describe the technical solutions of the present utility model rather than to limit the technical methods. The present utility model can be extended to other modifications, changes, applications and embodiments in its application, and therefore it is considered that all such modifications, changes, applications and embodiments are within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A coating equipment for steel rails, characterized in that, Including the rack module, which constitutes the main support structure of the equipment; The multi-station series module integrates a sandblasting station (2), an arc spraying station (3), a painting station (4), and a drying station (5) in sequence along the length of the frame module. Each station adopts a closed shell. A dedicated conveying and positioning module is installed on the frame module to convey the rails at a constant speed and make them pass through the sandblasting station (2), the arc spraying station (3), the painting station (4) and the drying station (5) in sequence. The environmental protection integrated module includes a dust removal subsystem (7) connected to the sandblasting station (2) and the arc spraying station (3), and a VOC waste gas treatment subsystem (8) connected to the painting station (4) and the drying station (5). The multi-power air source adapter module (9) includes at least two air compressors with different powers, which are connected to the sandblasting station (2), the arc spraying station (3) and the painting station (4) respectively through independent pressure regulation circuits; The linkage control module (10) is electrically connected to the multi-station serial module, the dedicated conveying and positioning module (6), the environmental protection integration module and the multi-power gas source adapter module. The linkage control module has a built-in rail specification parameter library, which is used to synchronously call and control the process parameters of each station according to the selected rail specification to realize the fully automated operation.

2. The coating equipment for rails according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sandblasting station (2) is equipped with at least three sets of adjustable sandblasting guns, a sand recovery system and a rail surface cleaning device; the arc spraying station (3) is equipped with multiple sets of arc spraying mechanisms (31) distributed along the circumference of the rail; the painting station (4) is equipped with multiple sets of paint spraying guns and a paint supply system; the drying station (5) adopts infrared heating and is equipped with a turbine fan.

3. The coating equipment for rails according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-power air source adapter module (9) includes a first 110KW air compressor that provides low-pressure, high-flow air to the sandblasting station (2), a second 110KW air compressor that provides high-pressure, low-flow air to the arc spraying station (3), a 45KW air compressor that provides air to the painting station (4), and a pressure regulating circuit that includes a solenoid valve, a pressure sensor, and a throttle valve for each air compressor.

4. The coating equipment for rails according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage control module is based on a PLC controller and is connected to a sensor group for detecting the position of the rail, airflow pressure, drying temperature and coating level, as well as a touch screen and a remote communication module that support parameter setting and equipment status monitoring.

5. The coating equipment for rails according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dedicated conveying and positioning module includes a conveying roller group with a fixed conveying speed of 30 mm / s, a positioning mechanism that matches the I-shaped cross-section of the rail and is driven by a cylinder, and a servo drive motor that drives the conveying roller group.

6. The working method of a coating equipment for rails according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The parameter preset step involves selecting the rail specification through the linkage control module and automatically calling the preset process parameters in the parameter library. The rail loading and positioning process involves placing the rail on the conveying and positioning module and starting the uniform conveying process. The continuous automated processing steps involve the rail passing through the sandblasting station (2) for surface cleaning and roughening, the arc spraying station (3) for alloy coating, the painting station (4) for organic coating or passivation liquid, and the drying station (5) for coating curing. The start and stop of each station, the switching of air source and the operation of the environmental protection system are all automatically controlled by the linkage control module based on the real-time position signal of the rail. And the finished product cutting process.

7. The working method of the coating equipment for rails according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the continuous automated processing steps, when the rail enters the sandblasting station (2), the linkage control module controls the first 110KW air compressor and the dust removal subsystem (7) to start synchronously; when the rail leaves the sandblasting station (2) and enters the arc spraying station (3), the linkage control module controls the sandblasting station (2) to stop and starts the second 110KW air compressor and the arc spraying mechanism (31); when the rail enters the painting station (4), the 45KW air compressor and the VOC exhaust gas treatment subsystem (8) are started.

8. The working method of a coating equipment for rails according to claim 6, characterized in that, Throughout the continuous automated processing steps, the linkage control module receives feedback signals from various pressure and temperature sensors in real time and compares them with the set values ​​in the parameter library. By adjusting the opening of the throttle valve or the heating power, it achieves closed-loop control of the airflow pressure and drying temperature.

9. The working method of a coating equipment for rails according to claim 6, characterized in that, The working process of the sandblasting station (2) includes: using a sandblasting gun to sandblast the surface of the rail, while recovering and screening the abrasive through the sand recovery system (22), and cleaning the surface of the rail using a cleaning device before it leaves the sandblasting station (2).

10. The working method of a coating equipment for rails according to claim 6, characterized in that, The conveying speed of the dedicated conveying and positioning module (6) is constant at 30 mm / s, and when the rail reaches the processing start point of each workstation, the positioning mechanism is activated to limit the rail and ensure accurate positioning of the rail during the processing.

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