Straw distributing device and method
By combining the scraper conveyor mechanism and the material equalization component, the problem of clogging in the straw distributor was solved, achieving stable straw distribution and efficient equipment operation, thus improving straw processing efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing three-way feeders are prone to clogging during straw distribution, which prevents the straw from being reliably and stably distributed to downstream equipment, affecting processing efficiency and increasing maintenance costs.
The system employs a scraper conveyor and a material equalization component. The material equalization component lifts the straw to a preset thickness, and then the adjustable-sized discharge port achieves stable material distribution, ensuring that the straw is conveyed forward according to the preset thickness and avoiding blockage.
It achieves stable and reliable straw distribution and conveying, ensures stable operation of processing equipment, improves straw processing efficiency, and reduces equipment maintenance frequency and cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN121757529A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of straw sorting technology, specifically to a straw sorting device and sorting method. Background Technology
[0002] In related technologies, the residue remaining after harvesting the grains of crops such as wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, oilseeds, cotton, and sugarcane is collectively referred to as straw. With continuous technological advancements, more and more straw is being baled and transported from the fields to straw processing enterprises for processing, addressing environmental issues while increasing the added value of straw. Among these methods, using straw as a raw material to produce cellulosic ethanol is a high-value utilization approach, which is of great significance for achieving comprehensive resource utilization, controlling agricultural pollution, and increasing farmers' income.
[0003] The inventors of this application discovered during the production of cellulosic ethanol from straw that, after straw is crushed, traditional three-way distributors are prone to clogging during multi-threaded processing, preventing the straw from being reliably and stably distributed to downstream equipment. Specifically, due to the loose and lightweight nature of straw, it is prone to clogging and obstruction in the three-way distributor, hindering normal material flow. This necessitates machine shutdown for maintenance, severely delaying production and increasing equipment maintenance costs. Therefore, developing a straw distribution device to achieve stable and reliable material distribution and conveying is crucial for ensuring the stable operation of straw processing equipment and improving straw processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of traditional three-way distributors in distributing and conveying straw, which can cause material blockage. This invention provides a straw distributing device that can stably and reliably distribute and convey straw, ensuring the stable operation of straw processing equipment and improving straw processing efficiency.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a straw distribution device, including a scraper conveying mechanism and a leveling component. The scraper conveying mechanism is used to convey crushed straw, and the leveling component is disposed above the scraper conveying mechanism. The leveling component is configured to pick up straw exceeding a preset thickness on the scraper conveying mechanism along the direction of the incoming straw, so that the straw is conveyed forward according to the preset thickness. The scraper conveying mechanism is provided with a plurality of adjustable discharge ports for straw of the preset thickness to fall in batches.
[0006] Preferably, the material leveling assembly includes a first drive unit, a rotating shaft, and material leveling rods; the rotating shaft extends along the width direction of the scraper conveying mechanism and is driven by the first drive unit to rotate around its own axis; multiple material leveling rods are spaced apart along the length direction of the rotating shaft; one end of each material leveling rod is fixed to the rotating shaft, and the other end extends away from the rotating shaft; when the multiple material leveling rods rotate to the lowest position with the rotating shaft, they are close to and spaced apart from the bearing surface of the scraper conveying mechanism for carrying straw.
[0007] Preferably, the material leveling component is vertically and flexibly positioned above the scraper conveying mechanism via a support component.
[0008] Preferably, a reinforcing rod is provided between the multiple material leveling rods.
[0009] Preferably, multiple material leveling rods spaced apart along the length of the rotating shaft form a material leveling rod group, and the material leveling rod group has multiple rods spaced apart along the circumference of the rotating shaft.
[0010] Preferably, the scraper conveying mechanism has an upper liner, a lower liner, a chain, and a plurality of scraping components, which can be driven by the chain to move on the upper surfaces of the upper liner and the lower liner.
[0011] The discharge port is located on the upper liner plate, and a first transfer mechanism is provided between the upper liner plate and the lower liner plate to transport the straw falling from the discharge port outward; or, the discharge port is located on the lower liner plate, the upper liner plate is provided with a discharge port for straw of a preset thickness to fall onto the lower liner plate, and a second transfer mechanism is provided below the lower liner plate to transport the straw falling from the discharge port outward.
[0012] Preferably, the upper liner and the lower liner are respectively provided with side baffles extending along their respective length directions, and the side baffles are configured to extend upward from their respective upper surfaces.
[0013] Preferably, the material leveling component has raised side plates on both sides of the material feeding direction, and the raised side plates are configured to extend upward from the side baffle.
[0014] Preferably, a blocking member extending vertically is provided between the two raised side plates, the blocking member being used to block the straw being lifted by the uniform feeding component.
[0015] Preferably, there are two chains, which are fixedly connected to the two ends of each scraper; the direction of movement of the scraper moving on the upper surface of the upper liner is opposite to the direction of movement of the scraper moving on the upper surface of the lower liner.
[0016] Preferably, the scraper conveying mechanism includes a second drive unit and a transmission shaft. The transmission shaft is disposed between the upper liner and the lower liner and is configured to be driven by the second drive unit to rotate around its own axis. A sprocket is disposed on the transmission shaft, and the sprocket meshes simultaneously with the chain located on the upper liner and the chain located on the lower liner.
[0017] Preferably, a plurality of material blocking components are detachably provided at the material discharge port.
[0018] Preferably, the baffle extends along the width direction of the scraper conveying mechanism, and the baffle is rod-shaped and configured to rotate freely around its own axis.
[0019] The present invention also provides a method for separating straw, including conveying the straw to be separated along a first direction according to a preset thickness, and setting a plurality of discharge ports with adjustable opening size in the first direction for the straw of preset thickness to fall in batches.
[0020] Preferably, the straw sorting method utilizes the straw sorting device described above.
[0021] The above technical solution uses a material equalization component installed above the scraper conveyor to lift straw exceeding the preset thickness along the direction of the incoming straw, so that the straw can be conveyed forward according to the preset thickness. The straw of the preset thickness will not cause the problem of material blockage when passing through the discharge port, thereby ensuring stable and reliable material distribution and conveying of straw.
[0022] Furthermore, compared to existing three-way distributors that can only distribute materials in two directions, the straw distribution device provided by this invention can achieve more material distribution by setting the number of discharge ports. For example, if three discharge ports are set, the straw of a preset thickness on the scraper conveyor can be divided into three batches and fall down, thereby better meeting the subsequent multi-threaded processing needs. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a straw sorting device provided by the present invention;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of a straw sorting device provided by the present invention;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another straw sorting device provided by the present invention.
[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures
[0027] 100. Scraper conveyor mechanism; 101. Material discharge port; 1011. Material stop; 110. Upper liner; 111. Discharge port; 120. Lower liner; 130. Chain; 140. Scraper; 150. Side baffle; 160. Heightened side plate; 170. Blocking component; 180. Second drive unit; 190. Drive shaft; 191. Sprocket; 200. Material leveling assembly; 210. First drive unit; 220. Rotating shaft; 230. Material leveling rod; 240. Reinforcing rod; 250. Material leveling rod group. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0029] The present invention provides a straw sorting device for sorting crushed straw so that it can be transported to different processing lines to realize multi-threaded processing of straw.
[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the straw distribution device includes a scraper conveying mechanism 100 and a uniform material distribution component 200. The scraper conveying mechanism 100 is used to convey the crushed straw. The uniform material distribution component 200 is disposed above the scraper conveying mechanism 100. The uniform material distribution component 200 is configured to pick up straw exceeding a preset thickness on the scraper conveying mechanism 100 along the direction of the incoming straw, so that the straw is conveyed forward according to the preset thickness. The scraper conveying mechanism 100 is provided with a plurality of adjustable discharge ports 101 for straw of the preset thickness to fall in batches.
[0031] In the technical solution provided by the present invention, the crushed straw is conveyed forward by the scraper conveyor mechanism 100, and the uniform material component 200 arranged above the scraper conveyor mechanism 100 picks up the straw exceeding the preset thickness along the material feeding direction of the straw, so that the straw can be conveyed forward according to the preset thickness. The straw of the preset thickness will not cause the problem of material blockage when passing through the discharge port 101, thereby ensuring stable and reliable material distribution and conveying of the straw.
[0032] Furthermore, compared to existing three-way distributors that can only distribute materials in two directions, the straw distribution device provided by this invention can achieve more material distribution by setting the number of discharge ports 101. For example, if three discharge ports 101 are set, the straw of a preset thickness on the scraper conveyor mechanism 100 can be divided into three batches and fall down, thereby better meeting the subsequent multi-threaded processing needs.
[0033] The concept of this invention is to control the thickness of straw on the scraper conveyor mechanism 100 by using a uniform material component 200. By controlling the straw to be separated to a preset thickness, a preset weight of straw can be obtained. Then, the preset weight of straw is allowed to fall in batches through several adjustable discharge ports 101 on the scraper conveyor mechanism 100, thereby realizing the separation of straw. This invention can control the amount of straw falling through the discharge port 101 by adjusting the opening size of the discharge port 101. However, in actual operation, the inventors found that too much straw, or straw that is too thick, cannot achieve stable dropping when passing through the discharge port 101, thus failing to achieve reliable separation. However, by using the uniform material component 200 provided by this invention to control the straw to be separated to a preset thickness before passing through the discharge port 101, stable dropping can be achieved. Therefore, the key to the straw distribution of the present invention lies in the coordination between the size of the uniform material component 200 and the opening size of the discharge port 101. That is, the uniform material component 200 first controls the straw on the scraper conveyor mechanism 100 to a certain thickness, and then the discharge port 101 achieves reliable material distribution.
[0034] In this invention, the preset thickness controlled by the equalizing component 200 for the straw to be separated depends on various factors, such as the degree to which the straw was crushed in the previous process. In some embodiments of this invention, for example, the straw is crushed to a length of 50 cm, and the preset thickness is controlled to be 300 mm.
[0035] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the material leveling assembly 200 includes a first drive unit 210, a rotating shaft 220, and material leveling rods 230. The rotating shaft 220 extends along the width direction of the scraper conveying mechanism 100 and is driven by the first drive unit 210 to rotate around its own axis. Multiple material leveling rods 230 are spaced apart along the length direction of the rotating shaft 220. One end of each material leveling rod 230 is fixed to the rotating shaft 220, and the other end extends away from the rotating shaft 220. When the multiple material leveling rods 230 rotate to the lowest position with the rotating shaft 220, they are close to and spaced apart from the bearing surface of the scraper conveying mechanism 100 for carrying straw.
[0036] For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, when the leveling rod 230 rotates to its lowest position following the rotating shaft 220, the distance between it and the bearing surface of the scraper conveying mechanism 100 for carrying straw is 280 mm. When the first driving unit 210 provides power to rotate the rotating shaft 220 around its own axis, the leveling rod 230 provided on the rotating shaft 220 can lift the straw that is more than 280 mm above the bearing surface backward during rotation, so that a certain thickness of straw is formed on the bearing surface of the scraper conveying mechanism 100. In actual operation, the thickness of the straw left on the bearing surface depends on several factors, including but not limited to the size of the straw, the thickness and density of the leveling rod 230 on the rotating shaft 220. Generally, the thickness of the straw left on the bearing surface will be higher than the distance between the lowest position of the leveling rod 230 and the bearing surface. For example, under the aforementioned distance condition of 280 mm, after the leveling component 200 performs leveling treatment, the thickness of the straw left on the bearing surface of the scraper conveying mechanism 100 is about 300 mm.
[0037] In some embodiments, the material leveling component 200 is vertically and flexibly disposed above the scraper conveying mechanism 100 via a support component. It is understood that by vertically and flexibly disposing the material leveling component 200 above the scraper conveying mechanism 100, the distance between the lowest position of the material leveling rod 230 and the bearing surface of the scraper conveying mechanism 100 used to bear straw can be easily adjusted, thereby improving the applicability of the material leveling component 200.
[0038] In some embodiments, in order to improve the structural strength of the uniform material rods 230, reinforcing rods 240 are provided between the multiple uniform material rods 230.
[0039] In some embodiments, to ensure the effective lifting of straw and to ensure the formation of straw of a stable thickness, multiple uniform feeding rods 230 spaced apart along the length of the rotating shaft 220 form a uniform feeding rod group 250, and multiple uniform feeding rod groups 250 are spaced apart circumferentially along the rotating shaft 220. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, six uniform feeding rod groups 250 are provided, and the six uniform feeding rod groups 250 are evenly spaced apart circumferentially along the rotating shaft 220.
[0040] In this invention, the scraper conveying mechanism 100 is used to convey the crushed straw. The scraper conveying mechanism 100 can adopt any suitable structural form. In some embodiments of this invention, the scraper conveying mechanism 100 has an upper liner 110, a lower liner 120, a chain 130, and a plurality of scraping components 140. The plurality of scraping components 140 can be driven by the chain 130 to move on the upper surfaces of the upper liner 110 and the lower liner 120. When the equipment is running, the chain 130 drives the plurality of scraping components 140 to move on the upper surfaces of the upper liner 110 and the lower liner 120, pushing the crushed straw forward.
[0041] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the discharge port 101 is disposed on the upper liner 110, and a first transfer mechanism is disposed between the upper liner 110 and the lower liner 120 to transport the straw falling from the discharge port 101 outward. In this scheme, the straw of a preset thickness formed by the uniform material assembly 200 is pushed by the scraper 140 and falls in batches directly through several discharge ports 101 disposed on the upper liner 110. Then, it is directly transferred and processed by the first transfer mechanism disposed between the upper liner 110 and the lower liner 120. The present invention does not impose a special limitation on the specific form of the first transfer mechanism, as long as it can be conveniently arranged between the upper liner 110 and the lower liner 120 and can transport the crushed straw, for example, it can be a conveyor belt.
[0042] It is understandable that since the discharge port 101 is set on the upper liner plate 110, this scheme has certain requirements for the length of the upper liner plate 110. That is, while satisfying the arrangement space of the material leveling component 200, it also needs to satisfy the arrangement space of several discharge ports 101. In addition, a first transfer mechanism needs to be set between the upper liner plate 110 and the lower liner plate 120 to transport the straw falling from the discharge port 101 outward. Therefore, there are also certain requirements for the distance between the upper liner plate 110 and the lower liner plate 120, which needs to meet the arrangement requirements of the first transfer mechanism.
[0043] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the discharge port 101 is disposed on the lower liner 120, and the upper liner 110 is provided with a discharge port 111 for straw of a predetermined thickness to fall onto the lower liner 120. A second transfer mechanism is disposed below the lower liner 120 to transport the straw falling from the discharge port 101 outward. The present invention does not impose any particular limitation on the specific form of the second transfer mechanism, as long as it can be conveniently arranged below the lower liner 120 and can transport the crushed straw; for example, it can be a conveyor belt.
[0044] In this scheme, the straw of a preset thickness formed by the uniform material component 200 is pushed by the scraper 140 and falls from the upper liner 110 to the lower liner 120 through the discharge port 111 on the upper liner 110, and then falls in batches through several discharge ports 101 on the lower liner 120. Understandably, this solution cleverly utilizes the cyclical movement of the scraper component 140 on the scraper conveyor mechanism 100. The direction of movement of the scraper component 140 moving on the upper surface of the upper liner 110 is opposite to that of the scraper component 140 moving on the upper surface of the lower liner 120. By setting the discharge port 111 on the upper liner 110, straw of a preset thickness can fall to the lower liner 120 and be conveyed in the opposite direction. This effectively utilizes the longitudinal space of the lower liner 120 to arrange the discharge port 101, making the entire straw distribution device more compact. In addition, in this solution, the second transfer mechanism for conveying the straw falling from each discharge port 101 outward can be set below the lower liner 120, which has the advantages of convenient arrangement and convenient subsequent maintenance.
[0045] In some embodiments, the upper liner 110 and the lower liner 120 are respectively provided with side baffles 150 extending along their respective length directions, and the side baffles 150 are configured to extend upward from their respective upper surfaces; the side baffles 150 can play a protective role.
[0046] In some embodiments, the feeding assembly 200 is provided with raised side plates 160 on both sides of the feeding direction, and the raised side plates 160 are configured to extend upward from the side baffle 150. It can be understood that during operation, the feeding assembly 200 will lift the straw on the upper liner 110 that is higher than the preset thickness backward. By setting the raised side plates 160, the lifted straw can be prevented from falling from both sides.
[0047] Furthermore, a blocking member 170 extending vertically is provided between the two raised side plates 160, the blocking member 170 being used to block the straw being lifted by the uniform material assembly 200.
[0048] In some embodiments, two chains 130 are provided, and the two chains 130 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of each scraper 140; the direction of movement of the scraper 140 moving on the upper surface of the upper liner 110 is opposite to the direction of movement of the scraper 140 moving on the upper surface of the lower liner 120. By providing two chains 130 to simultaneously pull the scraper 140 from both ends, the stability of the scraper 140 during movement is ensured.
[0049] In some embodiments, the scraper conveying mechanism 100 includes a second drive unit 180 and a drive shaft 190. The drive shaft 190 is disposed between the upper liner 110 and the lower liner 120 and is configured to be driven by the second drive unit 180 to rotate about its own axis. A sprocket 191 is disposed on the drive shaft 190, and the sprocket 191 simultaneously meshes with a chain 130 located on the upper liner 110 and a chain 130 located on the lower liner 120.
[0050] It should be noted that, in the technical solution of this invention, the specific number of groups the straw is divided into and the weight of each group of straw depends on the number and size of the discharge ports 101. In this invention, the discharge ports 101 can adopt any suitable structural form to control the opening size. In some embodiments, several baffles 1011 are detachably provided at the discharge ports 101. In actual use, the opening size of the discharge ports 101 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of baffles 1011.
[0051] In some embodiments, the baffle 1011 extends along the width direction of the scraper conveying mechanism 100. The baffle 1011 is rod-shaped and configured to rotate freely about its own axis. By setting the baffle 1011 to a rod shape and allowing it to rotate freely about its own axis, when the scraper 140 pushes the straw to the discharge port 101 where the baffle 1011 is located, the rolling contact between the baffle 1011 and the straw is more conducive to the straw falling through the gap between adjacent baffles 1011, thereby avoiding the problem of straw blockage.
[0052] The present invention also provides a method for separating straw, including conveying the straw to be separated along a first direction according to a preset thickness, and setting a plurality of discharge ports 101 with adjustable opening size in the first direction for the straw of preset thickness to fall in batches.
[0053] In this invention, the straw to be divided is formed to a preset thickness, that is, the weight of the straw to be divided is controlled, and then stable material is dropped through the discharge port 101 with adjustable opening size, thereby achieving stable and reliable material distribution and conveying.
[0054] In some embodiments, the straw sorting method utilizes the straw sorting device described above. The straw sorting device provided by this invention enables stable and reliable straw sorting and conveying, ensuring the stable operation of straw processing equipment and improving straw processing efficiency.
[0055] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A straw dispensing device, characterized in that, The system includes a scraper conveyor mechanism (100) and a leveling component (200). The scraper conveyor mechanism (100) is used to convey the crushed straw. The leveling component (200) is located above the scraper conveyor mechanism (100). The leveling component (200) is configured to pick up straw exceeding a preset thickness on the scraper conveyor mechanism (100) along the direction of the incoming straw, so that the straw is conveyed forward according to the preset thickness. The scraper conveyor mechanism (100) is provided with a plurality of adjustable discharge ports (101) for straw of the preset thickness to fall in batches.
2. The straw dispensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material leveling assembly (200) includes a first drive unit (210), a rotating shaft (220), and a material leveling rod (230); The rotating shaft (220) extends along the width direction of the scraper conveying mechanism (100) and is driven by the first driving unit (210) to rotate around its own axis. Multiple material leveling rods (230) are spaced apart along the length direction of the rotating shaft (220). One end of each material leveling rod (230) is fixed on the rotating shaft (220), and the other end extends away from the rotating shaft (220). When the multiple material leveling rods (230) rotate to the lowest position with the rotating shaft (220), they are close to and spaced apart from the bearing surface of the scraper conveying mechanism (100) for carrying straw.
3. The straw dispensing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The material leveling component (200) is vertically and flexibly mounted above the scraper conveying mechanism (100) via a support component; Preferably, a reinforcing rod (240) is provided between the plurality of material leveling rods (230); Preferably, multiple material leveling rods (230) spaced apart along the length of the rotating shaft (220) form a material leveling rod group (250), and the material leveling rod group (250) has multiple members spaced apart along the circumference of the rotating shaft (220).
4. The straw dispensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraper conveying mechanism (100) has an upper liner (110), a lower liner (120), a chain (130), and a plurality of scraper components (140), which can be driven by the chain (130) to move on the upper surfaces of the upper liner (110) and the lower liner (120); The discharge port (101) is provided on the upper liner (110), and a first transfer mechanism is provided between the upper liner (110) and the lower liner (120) to transport the straw falling from the discharge port (101) outward. Alternatively, the discharge port (101) is provided on the lower liner (120), and the upper liner (110) is provided with a discharge port (111) for straw of a preset thickness to fall onto the lower liner (120). A second transfer mechanism is provided below the lower liner (120) to transport the straw falling from the discharge port (101) outward.
5. The straw dispensing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper liner (110) and the lower liner (120) are respectively provided with side baffles (150) extending along their respective length directions, and the side baffles (150) are configured to extend upward from their respective upper surfaces; Preferably, the feeding assembly (200) is provided with raised side plates (160) on both sides of the feeding direction, and the raised side plates (160) are configured to extend upward from the side baffle (150); Preferably, a blocking member (170) extending vertically is provided between the two raised side plates (160), the blocking member (170) being used to block the straw being lifted by the uniform feeding assembly (200).
6. The straw dispensing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Two chains (130) are provided, and the two chains (130) are fixedly connected to the two ends of each scraper (140); the scraper (140) moving on the upper surface of the upper liner (110) moves in the opposite direction to the scraper (140) moving on the upper surface of the lower liner (120).
7. The straw dispensing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The scraper conveying mechanism (100) includes a second drive unit (180) and a drive shaft (190). The drive shaft (190) is disposed between the upper liner (110) and the lower liner (120) and is configured to be driven by the second drive unit (180) to rotate about its own axis. A sprocket (191) is disposed on the drive shaft (190). The sprocket (191) meshes with the chain (130) located on the upper liner (110) and the chain (130) located on the lower liner (120) at the same time.
8. The straw dispensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several baffles (1011) are detachably provided at the material discharge port (101); Preferably, the baffle (1011) extends along the width direction of the scraper conveying mechanism (100), and the baffle (1011) is a round rod and is configured to be able to rotate freely about its own axis.
9. A method for distributing straw, characterized in that, This includes conveying the straw to be divided along a first direction according to a preset thickness, and setting a number of adjustable discharge ports (101) in the first direction for the straw of the preset thickness to fall in batches.
10. The straw distribution method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The straw sorting method is carried out using the straw sorting device according to any one of claims 1-8.