Converter dry dedusting spray gun capable of mixing inside and outside

Abstract

The converter dry dedusting spray gun comprises an inner pipe, a middle pipe and an outer pipe which are sequentially nested, a water guide channel is formed in the inner pipe, a nitrogen channel is formed between the middle pipe and the inner pipe, and a steam channel is formed between the outer pipe and the middle pipe; the water inlet assembly is connected to the water inlet end of the inner pipe and used for filtering water; the air inlet assembly comprises an air inlet end and two air outlet ends, and the two air outlet ends communicate with the nitrogen passage and the steam passage correspondingly; the air inlet assembly can switch the air inlet end to be independently communicated with any air outlet end. The mixing assembly is arranged at the end, away from the water inlet assembly, of the outer pipe, and a mixing space is formed in the mixing assembly; the mixing assembly is used for mixing nitrogen and water in the mixing space or mixing steam and water outside the mixing space. The dust removal spray gun provided by the invention realizes the compatibility of a single gun to steam and nitrogen and the switchability of internal and external mixing modes, can reliably adapt to gas source fluctuation, and ensures stable atomization performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to the field of metallurgical equipment technology, and specifically to a converter dry dust removal spray gun that combines internal and external mixing. Background Technology

[0002] The high-temperature flue gas generated during converter steelmaking needs to be treated by a dry dust removal system. In this system, an evaporative cooler sprays water atomized through a spray gun, utilizing the evaporation of the droplets to absorb a large amount of heat energy, achieving rapid cooling of the flue gas and creating suitable conditions for subsequent electrostatic precipitators. The atomization effect of the spray gun directly affects the system's dust removal efficiency, energy consumption, and equipment stability. Its core lies in using a gaseous medium (usually steam or nitrogen) to break up and accelerate the water flow. Currently, spray guns mainly use steam or nitrogen as the atomization medium, with external steam mixing and internal nitrogen mixing being two mainstream technical approaches. These two approaches differ significantly in atomization mechanism, gas source pressure requirements, and applicable scenarios.

[0003] However, most existing spray guns are designed with a single atomization mode: steam external mixing spray guns rely on high and stable steam pressure (usually ≥0.9MPa). When the pipeline pressure fluctuates or the air supply is insufficient in winter, the atomization quality drops significantly, easily leading to wet wall scaling. While nitrogen internal mixing spray guns can operate at lower pressures (≥0.6MPa), their structural design is incompatible with high-temperature steam. If steam is introduced, it will mix with water prematurely inside the gun, causing condensation and a sudden drop in steam pressure, which also seriously affects the atomization effect. The key drawback is that these two structures are fixed and incompatible. Steel plants cannot dynamically switch between using a better air source on the same set of spray guns based on the real-time pressure conditions of the steam or nitrogen pipeline network. This makes the entire dust removal system lack adaptability when facing air source fluctuations, and the stability and economy of the process are difficult to guarantee. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a converter dry dust removal spray gun that combines internal and external mixing to solve the above problems.

[0005] This application provides a converter dry dust removal spray gun that combines internal and external mixing, comprising: The inner tube, middle tube, and outer tube are nested in sequence. The inner tube forms a water passage, the middle tube forms a nitrogen passage, and the outer tube forms a steam passage. A water inlet assembly is connected to the water inlet end of the inner tube and is used to filter water. An air intake assembly includes an air intake end and two air outlet ends, the two air outlet ends being respectively connected to the nitrogen passage and the vapor passage; the air intake assembly can switch the air intake end to be individually connected to any one of the air outlet ends. A mixing component is provided at one end of the outer pipe away from the water inlet component, and a mixing space is provided inside the mixing component; the mixing component is used to mix nitrogen and water in the mixing space, or to mix steam and water outside the mixing space.

[0006] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the water inlet component includes: The first connector is fixedly connected to the inner tube and is used to connect the water inlet pipe; A filter element is fixed to the first connector and extends into the inner tube. The filter element has a cylindrical structure and its inner side is connected to the first connector.

[0007] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the outer pipe is provided with a first pipe plug at one end near the water inlet assembly; one end of the middle pipe passes through the first pipe plug and extends to the outside of the outer pipe to form a connection part, and the nitrogen passage is connected to the air inlet assembly through the connection part; one end of the connection part is provided with a second pipe plug, and the water inlet end of the inner pipe passes through the second pipe plug and extends to the outside of the middle pipe.

[0008] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the air intake assembly includes: The diverter includes a first pipe section for connecting to a gas source, a second pipe section for connecting to the connecting section, and a third pipe section for connecting to the outer pipe. A pneumatic three-way ball valve is located inside the flow divider and is used to switch the connection between the first pipe section and the second pipe section, or between the first pipe section and the third pipe section.

[0009] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the air intake assembly further includes: A cooling pipe, wherein the cooling pipe connects the second pipe section and the third pipe section; A one-way valve is provided on the cooling pipe and is connected from the second pipe section to the third pipe section, allowing some nitrogen gas to flow through the overall passage to cool the spray gun.

[0010] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the hybrid component includes: The nozzle housing is fixedly connected to the ends of the outer tube and the middle tube respectively by welding connectors; The water distribution component is disposed inside the nozzle housing and is coaxially arranged with the nozzle housing; the interior of the water distribution component forms the mixing space, and the outer side wall of its end forms a first gap with the nozzle housing, connecting the steam passage and the outside of the spray gun; the end of the water distribution component away from the welded connector is provided with a plurality of spray holes arranged in a ring array. An air passage core is disposed within the mixing space and is coaxially arranged with the water distribution component; the air passage core has a water passage hole at its center that communicates with the water guiding passage, and a second gap is formed between its outer wall and the water distribution component, connecting the nitrogen passage and the mixing space.

[0011] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, a water-dividing core is also fixedly installed on the water-dividing component. The water-dividing core is located in the mixing space and is placed between the plurality of spray holes. The water-dividing core forms a conical water-dividing surface facing the water passage hole.

[0012] The technical solution provided according to the embodiments of this application also includes: A first corrugated compensator connects the second pipe section and the connecting section; The second corrugated compensator connects the body of the outer pipe to the end where the first pipe plug is installed.

[0013] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the inner tube is provided with a plurality of water flow accelerators, and the plurality of water flow accelerators are arranged along the extension direction of the water guiding passage; the water flow accelerators are cylindrical structures with gradually changing radial dimensions, and the size of the water inlet end is larger than the size of the water outlet end; the water flow accelerators are coaxially arranged with the inner tube, and the size of the water inlet end is adapted to the inner diameter of the inner tube.

[0014] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, a first support ring is provided between the inner tube and the middle tube, and a second support ring is provided between the middle tube and the outer tube.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this application are as follows: by setting up nested inner, middle and outer pipes, independent water, nitrogen and steam passages are formed respectively, resulting in a compact structure that is easy to integrate; the air inlet assembly has a switchable function, which can flexibly select nitrogen or steam as the atomizing medium according to the gas source conditions, achieving self-adaptation to gas source fluctuations and ensuring that the spray gun is always in the optimal atomization state; the mixing assembly is reasonably designed, which can realize two atomization methods on the same spray gun: internal nitrogen mixing and external steam mixing. This avoids the problem of sudden pressure drop when using steam in traditional internal mixing spray guns, and also overcomes the dependence of external mixing spray guns on high-pressure steam, significantly improving the applicability and operational stability of the spray gun, thereby ensuring the dust removal and cooling effect of the evaporative cooler, reducing wet walls, scaling and spray gun blockage, and extending the service life of the spray gun. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1A schematic diagram of the converter dry dust removal spray gun with both internal and external mixing provided for this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged view of point A in the spray gun shown; Figure 3 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the spray gun shown.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1. Inner pipe; 2. Middle pipe; 3. Outer pipe; 4. Water guide passage; 5. Nitrogen passage; 6. Steam passage; 7. Mixing space; 8. First connector; 9. Filter element; 10. First pipe plug; 11. Connecting part; 12. Second pipe plug; 13. Diverter; 14. First pipe section; 15. Second pipe section; 16. Third pipe section; 17. Pneumatic three-way ball valve; 18. Cooling pipe; 19. One-way valve; 20. Nozzle housing; 21. Welded connector; 22. Water divider; 23. First gap; 24. Spray hole; 25. Air core; 26. Second gap; 27. Water divider core; 28. First corrugated compensator; 29. ​​Second corrugated compensator; 30. Water flow acceleration element; 31. First support ring; 32. Second support ring; 33. Protrusion; 34. Sealing gasket; 35. Mounting sleeve; 36. Protective plate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1-3 This application provides a converter dry dust removal spray gun that combines internal and external mixing, comprising: The inner tube 1, middle tube 2 and outer tube 3 are nested in sequence. The inner tube 1 forms a water guiding passage 4, the middle tube 2 forms a nitrogen passage 5 between the inner tube 1 and the middle tube 2, and the outer tube 3 forms a steam passage 6 between the middle tube 2 and the middle tube 2. A water inlet assembly is connected to the water inlet end of the inner tube 1 and is used to filter water. An air intake assembly includes an air intake end and two air outlet ends, the two air outlet ends being respectively connected to the nitrogen passage 5 and the vapor passage 6; the air intake assembly can switch the air intake end to be connected to either of the air outlet ends independently. A mixing component is provided at one end of the outer pipe 3 away from the water inlet component, and a mixing space 7 is provided inside the mixing component; the mixing component is used to mix nitrogen and water in the mixing space 7, or to mix steam and water outside the mixing space 7.

[0021] Specifically, the dust removal spray gun provided in this embodiment aims to solve the technical pain points of traditional single-mode spray guns, which are incompatible with steam and nitrogen and have difficulty adapting to gas source fluctuations, as well as the incompatibility of nitrogen internal mixing spray guns with high-temperature steam and the reliance of steam external mixing spray guns on high-pressure steam. Its overall structure is compact and adaptable to the installation conditions of existing evaporative coolers, and can directly replace traditional spray guns without modifying the supporting equipment. The spray gun's tube body adopts a three-layer nested structure, consisting of an inner tube 1, a middle tube 2, and an outer tube 3 from the inside out. The three layers of pipes are coaxially arranged. The internal space of the inner tube 1 forms an independent water guiding passage 4 for transporting the circulating water required for atomization; a ring-shaped nitrogen passage 5 is formed between the middle tube 2 and the inner tube 1, specifically for transporting the nitrogen atomization medium; and a ring-shaped steam passage 6 is also formed between the outer tube 3 and the middle tube 2 to meet the transportation requirements of high-temperature and high-pressure steam. This nested design with three independent channels not only effectively prevents water, nitrogen, and steam from prematurely contacting or interfering with each other during transport, but more importantly, it physically isolates the steam channel 6 from the water channel 4 via the central tube 2. Structurally, this eliminates the possibility of premature condensation caused by high-temperature steam mixing with room-temperature water inside the nozzle, completely resolving the problem of sudden pressure drop and deterioration of atomization after steam is introduced into traditional internal mixing spray guns. It also overcomes the limitation of external mixing spray guns' dependence on high-pressure steam, providing a reliable structural basis for switching between two gas sources and mixing modes. The water inlet component connected to the water inlet end of the inner tube 1 filters the circulating water entering the water channel 4, effectively intercepting impurities and particulate matter in the water, preventing blockages in subsequent channels or mixing components, significantly reducing the frequency of spray gun failures, providing a clean water source guarantee for the stability of the atomization process, and indirectly extending the service life of the spray gun.

[0022] The air intake assembly has one air intake end and two independent air outlet ends. The two air outlet ends are sealed and connected to the nitrogen passage 5 and the steam passage 6 respectively. The air intake assembly has a flexible switching function, which can selectively connect the air intake end to one of the air outlet ends according to the real-time pressure and flow conditions of the steam and nitrogen pipelines of the steel enterprise. The nitrogen and steam sources can be quickly switched without manual disassembly or replacement of the spray gun. It is perfectly adapted to the gas supply status under different seasons (such as insufficient steam heating in winter) or different gas loads. It solves the cumbersome operation of traditional spray guns that need to be manually replaced to adapt to different gas sources, and greatly improves the continuous operation efficiency of the converter dust removal system. The mixing component, located at the end of the outer pipe 3 furthest from the water inlet component, has a dedicated mixing space 7. This component is adapted to two different atomization mixing logics: When a nitrogen source is connected, nitrogen enters the mixing space 7 through the nitrogen passage 5, where it fully contacts, collides with, and shears the circulating water delivered to this area through the water guide passage 4, achieving internal mixing and atomization of nitrogen and water. This ensures a stable atomization effect even under nitrogen pressure ≥ 0.6 MPa. When a steam source is connected, steam is delivered to the outer area of ​​the mixing component through the steam passage 6, where it meets and further mixes with the atomized water flow sprayed from the mixing component outside the mixing space 7, forming external mixing and atomization of steam and water. This is suitable for steam pressure ≥ 0.9 MPa. Both mixing modes can strictly control the atomized particle size within the optimal range of 120-200 μm, effectively avoiding wet walls and scaling in the evaporative cooler, and ensuring the stability of flue gas cooling and dust removal effects.

[0023] Working process: When the converter dry dust removal system is running, the system first switches to the appropriate gas source based on the real-time pressure and flow conditions of the steam and nitrogen pipelines. If the steam pressure is stable and meets the requirement of ≥0.9MPa, the steam inlet component switches to the steam passage 6. The steam is then transported to the outside of the mixing component through the steam passage 6 between the outer pipe 3 and the middle pipe 2. During this process, the isolation effect of the middle pipe 2 keeps the steam separated from the circulating water in the water guide passage 4, preventing premature mixing and condensation, and ensuring stable steam pressure. At the same time, the circulating water is filtered by the water inlet component and enters the water guide passage 4 of the inner pipe 1. It is then transported to the mixing component and forms an atomized water flow. Finally, it is mixed and atomized with the steam outside the mixing space 7. The droplets are sprayed into the evaporative cooler and then quickly evaporate to absorb the heat of the flue gas, achieving cooling and dust removal. If the steam pressure is insufficient or the nitrogen source is more stable, the air intake component switches to nitrogen passage 5. Nitrogen enters the mixing space 7 of the mixing component through nitrogen passage 5 between the middle pipe 2 and the inner pipe 1, and completes internal mixing and atomization with the circulating water delivered to the space through water passage 4, thus forming atomized droplets that meet the process requirements.

[0024] Furthermore, the water inlet assembly includes: First connector 8, which is fixedly connected to the inner tube 1, is used to connect the water inlet pipe; The filter element 9 is fixed to the first connector 8 and extends into the inner tube 1. The filter element 9 has a cylindrical structure and its inner side is connected to the first connector 8.

[0025] Specifically, the water inlet assembly mainly includes a first connector 8 and a filter element 9. The first connector 8 is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner tube 1. One end of the first connector 8 is used to securely connect to the external water inlet pipe, and the other end is precisely matched with the water inlet end of the inner tube 1. The filter element 9 has a cylindrical structure, with one end closed and the other end sealed and connected to the first connector 8. The side wall is provided with closely arranged filter holes, which not only maximizes the filtration area, but also intercepts fine impurities through the dense filter holes. At the same time, the closed end forces the water flow to completely pass through the side wall filter holes before entering the water guide passage 4, avoiding the problem of incomplete filtration caused by water flow short circuit. This solves the pain points of traditional spray guns, such as the blockage of the water guide passage 4 and the mixing component caused by water impurities, from the source, effectively improving the cleanliness of the water supply.

[0026] When the spray gun starts supplying water, the external circulating water first enters smoothly through the first connector 8 and is directly introduced into the internal cavity of the filter element 9. Under the pressure of the water flow itself, the circulating water cannot flow out from the closed end of the filter element 9, but can only permeate outward through the tightly arranged filter holes on its side wall. During this process, impurities, particulate matter and suspended solids in the water are firmly intercepted inside the filter element 9, and the filtered clean circulating water smoothly enters the water guiding passage 4 of the inner pipe 1 and is stably transported to the mixing component along the passage.

[0027] Furthermore, the outer pipe 3 is provided with a first pipe plug 10 at one end near the water inlet assembly; one end of the middle pipe 2 passes through the first pipe plug 10 and extends to the outside of the outer pipe 3 to form a connection part 11, and the nitrogen passage 5 is connected to the air inlet assembly through the connection part 11; one end of the connection part 11 is provided with a second pipe plug 12, and the water inlet end of the inner pipe 1 passes through the second pipe plug 12 and extends to the outside of the middle pipe 2.

[0028] Specifically, a first pipe plug 10 is provided at the end of the outer pipe 3 near the water inlet assembly. The first pipe plug 10 is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the outer pipe 3, which not only seals the end of the outer pipe 3, but also provides precise positioning and sealing support for the passage of the middle pipe 2. This effectively prevents steam in the steam passage 6 from leaking from the end of the outer pipe 3, while ensuring the coaxiality of the middle pipe 2 and the outer pipe 3. This prevents problems such as uneven width of the steam passage 6 and changes in steam transport resistance caused by pipe misalignment, and ensures stable steam pressure. One end of the middle pipe 2 passes through the first pipe plug 10 and extends to the outside of the outer pipe 3, forming a connecting part 11 for connecting the air inlet assembly. This connecting part 11 is the part of the middle pipe 2 that extends out of the outer pipe 3. It does not require additional welding or splicing, which can avoid pressure loss or nitrogen leakage caused by weak connection during nitrogen transport. At the same time, it simplifies the docking process between the nitrogen passage 5 and the air inlet assembly, adapts to the installation size of the existing air inlet assembly, and improves assembly efficiency. A second pipe plug 12 is provided at the end of the connecting part 11 away from the middle pipe 2. The second pipe plug 12 is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the connecting part 11, thereby sealing the end of the middle pipe 2 and preventing nitrogen from leaking from the end of the connecting part 11. At the same time, it provides stable support for the penetration of the inner pipe 1. The water inlet end of the inner pipe 1 passes through the second pipe plug 12 and extends to the outside of the middle pipe 2. This ensures the coaxiality of the inner pipe 1 and the middle pipe 2, prevents fluctuations in water flow resistance caused by pipe offset in the water guide passage 4, and allows the water inlet end of the inner pipe 1 to be directly sealed and connected to the water inlet assembly without the need for additional adapter parts, thus reducing the risk of water leakage and pressure loss.

[0029] The dual sealing and positioning of the first pipe plug 10 and the second pipe plug 12 achieves independent separation and stable connection of the three-layer pipeline, completely solving the problems of unreliable end sealing and easy leakage of media in traditional multi-layer pipelines. This ensures stable delivery of the three media in their respective channels, providing a basic guarantee for the atomization effect of the subsequent mixing components. At the same time, the integrated connection part 11 design improves structural strength and assembly convenience, reduces maintenance frequency, and extends the overall service life of the spray gun, combining structural reliability and economic efficiency.

[0030] Furthermore, the intake assembly includes: The diverter 13 includes a first pipe section 14 for connecting to a gas source, a second pipe section 15 for connecting to the connecting section 11, and a third pipe section 16 for connecting to the outer pipe 3. A pneumatic three-way ball valve 17 is disposed inside the flow divider 13 and is used to switch the first pipe section 14 to be connected to the second pipe section 15 or to the third pipe section 16.

[0031] Specifically, the air intake assembly mainly includes a flow divider 13 and a pneumatic three-way ball valve 17. The flow divider 13 adopts an integrated structural design, integrating a first pipe section 14, a second pipe section 15, and a third pipe section 16. The first pipe section 14 is used to stably connect to the external air source pipeline, providing a unified interface for the access of nitrogen or steam, avoiding the structural mess caused by multiple air sources being connected separately. The second pipe section 15 is sealed and connected to the connecting part 11 of the extension of the middle pipe 2, ensuring that nitrogen can smoothly enter the nitrogen passage 5. The third pipe section 16 is directly sealed and connected to the outer pipe 3 to realize the delivery of steam to the steam passage 6. This multi-pipe integrated design not only simplifies the pipeline connection structure and reduces the risk of medium leakage, but also ensures the independent sealing of each passage, preventing cross-flow of nitrogen and steam during the delivery process, ensuring stable air source pressure, and providing a guarantee for the subsequent atomization effect. The pneumatic three-way ball valve 17 is built into the flow divider 13. Its valve core structure can flexibly switch the conduction relationship, which can accurately control the connection between the first pipe section 14 and the second pipe section 15, or the independent conduction with the third pipe section 16. Moreover, the ball valve can be used with PLC remote control to achieve automated switching without manual on-site operation. This solves the problem that traditional spray guns need to be stopped, disassembled and replaced to adapt to different air sources, and greatly improves the continuous operation efficiency of the converter dust removal system.

[0032] Furthermore, the intake assembly also includes: Cooling pipe 18, which connects the second pipe section 15 and the third pipe section 16; A one-way valve 19 is provided on the cooling pipe 18 and is connected from the second pipe section 15 to the third pipe section 16, so that some nitrogen gas can flow through the overall passage to cool the spray gun.

[0033] Specifically, the cooling pipe 18 is connected to the second pipe section 15 and the third pipe section 16 of the diverter 13 in a sealed connection, forming an auxiliary airflow channel independent of the main air source passage. The setting of this channel does not require modification of the main structure of the original air intake component. It only expands the cooling function through additional pipelines and is compatible with the overall integrated design of the spray gun. The one-way valve 19 is fixedly installed on the cooling pipe 18 and limits the conduction direction to from the second pipe section 15 to the third pipe section 16. It can effectively block the reverse fluid flow and prevent steam from entering the nitrogen passage 5 through the cooling pipe 18 in the steam external mixing mode. At the same time, it ensures that the nitrogen diverted in the nitrogen internal mixing mode flows only along the set path, which not only ensures the stability of the cooling effect, but also does not interfere with the normal operation of the two air source modes.

[0034] When switching to nitrogen internal mixing mode via pneumatic three-way ball valve 17, the first pipe section 14 and the second pipe section 15 are connected. External nitrogen enters the second pipe section 15 through the diverter 13 and is divided into two parts. Most of the nitrogen flows into the nitrogen passage 5 through the connector 11, where it is atomized with water in the internal mixing space 7. The other part of the nitrogen enters the auxiliary channel through the cooling pipe 18 and flows smoothly into the third pipe section 16 under the guidance of the one-way valve 19, and then into the steam passage 6 between the outer pipe 3 and the middle pipe 2. This diverted nitrogen flows continuously along the steam passage 6, which can quickly remove the heat of the high-temperature flue gas absorbed by the spray gun pipe wall and internal components, forming a dynamic cooling and protective layer. Finally, it is discharged from the gun body along with the atomized airflow sprayed by the mixing component, achieving full-process cooling protection for the spray gun.

[0035] Further, the hybrid component includes: Water distribution component 22 is disposed inside the nozzle housing 20 and is coaxially arranged with the nozzle housing 20; the interior of the water distribution component 22 forms the mixing space 7, and the outer side wall of the end forms a first gap 23 between the steam passage 6 and the outside of the spray gun with the nozzle housing 20; the end of the water distribution component 22 away from the welded connector 21 is provided with a plurality of spray holes 24 arranged in a ring array; An air passage core 25 is disposed within the mixing space 7 and is coaxially arranged with the water distribution component 22. The air passage core 25 has a water passage hole at its center that communicates with the water guiding passage 4, and a second gap 26 is formed between its outer wall and the water distribution component 22, connecting the nitrogen passage 5 and the mixing space 7.

[0036] Specifically, the mixing assembly mainly includes a nozzle housing 20, a water distributor 22, and an air passage core 25. The nozzle housing 20 is sealed and fixed to the ends of the outer pipe 3 and the middle pipe 2 respectively by welded connectors 21. This integrated welded structure not only ensures the structural strength of the mixing assembly and the pipeline connection, and can withstand the stress impact under high-temperature flue gas environment, but also achieves the sealing and isolation of the steam passage 6 and the nitrogen passage 5 at the ends, avoiding media leakage. The water distributor 22 is coaxially arranged inside the nozzle housing 20, forming a dedicated mixing space 7. A first gap 23 is reserved between the outer wall of the end and the nozzle housing 20. This first gap 23 directly connects the steam passage 6 between the outer pipe 3 and the middle pipe 2 and the outside of the spray gun, providing a dedicated channel for external steam mixing. The end of the water distributor 22 away from the welded connector 21 is provided with multiple injection holes 24 arranged in a ring array. The ring array design can ensure the uniformity of water flow when spraying, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven temperature distribution of the evaporator cooler caused by the deflection of the mist torch. The multiple injection holes 24 are oriented in a divergent manner. Sealing gaskets 34 are provided at the joints between the water distribution component 22 and the nozzle housing 20 and the welded connector 21. A ring of protrusions 33 is formed on the outer wall of the water distribution component 22 to better fit with the nozzle housing 20. Multiple through-slots are arranged at intervals along the periphery of the water distribution component 22 on the protrusions 33 to guide steam to the first gap 23.

[0037] The air passage core 25 is also coaxially arranged in the mixing space 7. The water passage hole in its center is precisely connected to the water guide passage 4 of the inner tube 1 to ensure that the water flow can be smoothly introduced into the mixing space 7. The second gap 26 formed between the outer wall of the air passage core 25 and the water distribution component 22 connects the nitrogen passage 5 between the middle tube 2 and the inner tube 1, so that nitrogen can enter the mixing space 7 evenly along the annular gap and form an all-round collision and shear with the water flow. This structural design not only ensures the full contact between nitrogen and water during internal mixing, but also avoids the fluctuation of atomized particle size caused by uneven local mixing, ensuring that the atomized particle size is stable in the optimal range of 120-200um, which meets the process requirements of complete evaporation without wetting the wall in the technical disclosure.

[0038] When the air intake assembly switches to nitrogen internal mixing mode, nitrogen enters the mixing space 7 uniformly through the nitrogen passage 5 and the second gap 26. At the same time, circulating water is injected into the mixing space 7 through the water passage 4 and the water passage hole of the air core 25. The nitrogen and water flow form strong collisions, shearing and turbulent mixing in the mixing space 7, and the water flow is broken into fine droplets. Then, it is uniformly sprayed out through the spray hole 24 at the end of the water distributor 22 to form a stable internal mixing atomization torch. Because the nitrogen and water are in full contact in the closed mixing space 7, even if the nitrogen pressure is only ≥0.6MPa, the uniformity of the atomization effect can be guaranteed. This design solves the problem of large atomization fluctuations in traditional nitrogen internal mixing spray guns. When the air intake assembly switches to the steam external mixing mode, steam flows to the outside of the spray gun through the steam passage 6 and the first gap 23. At the same time, circulating water is injected into the mixing space 7 through the water guide passage 4 and the water passage hole, and is ejected through the injection hole 24 to form a preliminary atomized water flow. The high-temperature and high-pressure steam meets the preliminary atomized water flow outside the spray gun, and the high-speed kinetic energy of the steam is used to further shear and break the water flow, realizing external mixing atomization. This external mixing method avoids the pressure drop caused by the premature mixing of steam and water inside the gun, ensuring stable atomization effect when the steam pressure is ≥0.9MPa, and overcoming the structural limitations of traditional steam external mixing spray guns.

[0039] Furthermore, a water-dividing core 27 is fixedly installed on the water-dividing component 22. The water-dividing core 27 is located in the mixing space 7 and is positioned between the plurality of spray holes 24. The water-dividing core 27 forms a conical water-dividing surface facing the water passage hole.

[0040] Specifically, the water separator 27 is fixedly installed in the mixing space 7 of the water separator 22 and is positioned precisely between multiple spray holes 24. Its installation position forms a precise coaxial correspondence with the water passage and spray holes 24, which will not obstruct the flow path of nitrogen or water, and can achieve targeted diversion optimization of water flow. The side of the water separator 27 facing the water passage forms a conical water-dividing surface. This conical structure can quickly disperse the concentrated sprayed water flow into multiple uniform water flows.

[0041] When the spray gun is in nitrogen internal mixing mode, circulating water passes through the water passage 4 and the water passage hole of the air core 25, and is sprayed as a concentrated water flow onto the conical water distribution surface of the water distribution core 27. Under the guidance and diversion effect of the conical surface, the water flow is quickly dispersed into multiple radially uniformly distributed water flows. These dispersed water flows can form an all-round, dead-angle-free collision and shearing with the nitrogen that uniformly enters the mixing space 7 from the second gap 26, avoiding the problem of insufficient local contact between the concentrated water flow and nitrogen, so that the water flow is more finely broken into fine mist droplets, which are then sprayed by the ring array. The uniform spray from the orifice 24 further improves the consistency of the atomized particle size. When the spray gun is in the steam external mixing mode, the water flow is also sprayed through the water hole to the conical water distribution surface. After being dispersed into multiple uniform water flows, it is smoothly sprayed out from each spray hole 24 to form a uniformly distributed initial atomized water flow. This allows each initial atomized water flow to fully contact the steam when it is mixed with the steam flowing out through the first gap 23 outside the spray gun. This avoids the problem of incomplete secondary breakage caused by some water flows being too concentrated in the traditional external mixing mode, and further optimizes the effect of external mixing atomization.

[0042] Furthermore, it also includes: The first corrugated compensator 28 connects the second pipe section 15 and the connecting section 11; The second corrugated compensator 29 connects the main body of the outer pipe 3 to the end where the first pipe plug 10 is located.

[0043] Specifically, the first corrugated compensator 28 adopts a sealed connection method, with both ends fixedly connected to the second pipe section 15 of the diverter 13 and the connecting part 11 of the middle pipe 2, respectively. The second pipe section 15 and the connecting part 11 are set perpendicularly. During assembly, not only is it necessary to align the axis, but also to precisely control the vertical angle, which can easily lead to slight deviations. However, the corrugated compensator has good flexible deformation capability and can compensate for assembly errors in multiple angular directions through its own elasticity. It does not require forced high-precision alignment, which reduces the calibration difficulty during assembly, shortens the assembly time, and significantly improves the assembly efficiency. At the same time, this flexible connection can also buffer the vibration generated when the spray gun is working, avoid the vertical rigid connection from loosening of the seal or wear at the pipe connection due to vibration, ensure the sealing performance of the nitrogen passage 5, prevent pressure loss and a decrease in atomization effect caused by nitrogen leakage, and further ensure the stability of nitrogen delivery.

[0044] The second corrugated compensator 29 also adopts a sealed connection, with both ends fixed to the main body of the outer pipe 3 and the end where the first pipe plug 10 is installed, respectively. The purpose is to specifically solve the structural hidden dangers caused by the temperature rise when the spray gun is working. When the spray gun is running in a high-temperature flue gas environment, the outer pipe 3 will thermally expand due to the temperature rise. If a rigid connection is used, the tensile force generated by the expansion will directly act on the weld point of the outer pipe 3, which will easily lead to the weld point being stretched and torn over a long period of time. The second corrugated compensator 29 can effectively absorb the thermal expansion of the outer pipe 3 through the expansion and contraction deformation of its own corrugated structure, converting the tensile stress into its own elastic deformation, avoiding excessive tension on the weld point, and at the same time compensating for the pipeline deformation differences caused by temperature fluctuations, preventing the outer pipe 3 from bending and deforming due to thermal expansion and contraction, and ensuring the smoothness and sealing of the steam passage 6.

[0045] Furthermore, the inner tube 1 is provided with a plurality of water flow accelerators 30, which are arranged along the extension direction of the water guiding passage 4; the water flow accelerators 30 are cylindrical structures with gradually changing radial dimensions, and the size of the inlet end is larger than the size of the outlet end; the water flow accelerators 30 are coaxially arranged with the inner tube 1, and the size of the inlet end is adapted to the inner diameter of the inner tube 1.

[0046] Specifically, multiple water flow accelerators 30 are configured and evenly arranged along the extension direction of the water guide passage 4 to form a multi-stage acceleration structure. This avoids sudden changes or instability in water flow velocity caused by a single accelerator, and achieves a gradual increase and smooth transition in water flow velocity. Each water flow accelerator 30 is a cylindrical structure with a gradually changing radial dimension. The size of its inlet end is larger than that of its outlet end, and it is coaxially set with the inner tube 1. The size of the inlet end is precisely matched with the inner diameter of the inner tube 1, so that the water flow accelerator 30 can be tightly fixed to the inner wall of the inner tube 1. This will not occupy extra space, nor will it cause water leakage or the formation of vortex dead zones. At the same time, the gradually changing cylindrical structure can utilize the principles of fluid mechanics to achieve a flow velocity increase by gradually reducing the cross-sectional area when water flows through. No additional power device is required; acceleration can be completed solely by the pressure of the water flow itself, which is energy-saving and efficient.

[0047] After the circulating water is filtered by the inlet component, it enters the water guide passage 4 of the inner pipe 1. It first flows through the inlet end of the first water flow accelerator 30. Due to the large cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet end, the water flow can be smoothly introduced. Then, as it flows towards the outlet end, the water flow speed is initially increased and the kinetic energy is enhanced as the cross-sectional area gradually decreases. The water flow that has passed through the first stage of acceleration continues to flow through the subsequent water flow accelerators 30. Each time it passes through an accelerator, the flow speed will be further increased on the basis of the previous one, and finally a high-speed and stable water flow jet is transported to the mixing component.

[0048] Furthermore, a first support ring 31 is provided between the inner tube 1 and the middle tube 2, and a second support ring 32 is provided between the middle tube 2 and the outer tube 3.

[0049] Specifically, the first support ring 31 is positioned between the inner pipe 1 and the middle pipe 2, distributed intermittently along the extension direction of the water guiding passage 4. This provides effective support in the core flow area of ​​the nitrogen passage 5 while avoiding critical paths for media transport. The second support ring 32 is positioned between the middle pipe 2 and the outer pipe 3, also distributed intermittently. Its distribution area complements that of the first support ring 31, adapting to the long-distance transport characteristics of the steam passage 6. To ensure unobstructed media flow, both support rings are designed as annular frame structures. The outer circumferential wall is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the outer pipe, and the inner circumferential wall is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the inner pipe. Multiple evenly distributed flow holes or a perforated design are provided on the annular body. The pore size and distribution density of the flow holes are optimized, ensuring both the structural strength of the support rings and allowing nitrogen and steam to pass unobstructed through the area where the support rings are located. This avoids problems such as obstructed media flow and pressure loss that may occur with traditional solid support structures.

[0050] Furthermore, an installation sleeve 35 is fitted over the outer tube 3 to facilitate the installation of the spray gun. A protective plate 36 is provided on the installation sleeve 35, extending towards the mixing component to protect the spray gun.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A combined inside and outside lance for dry dust removal in a converter, characterized in that The application relates to a water and gas mixing device for a spray gun. The device comprises an inner tube (1), a middle tube (2) and an outer tube (3) which are nested one inside the other, a water guide channel (4) is formed in the inner tube (1), a nitrogen gas channel (5) is formed between the inner tube (1) and the middle tube (2), and a steam channel (6) is formed between the middle tube (2) and the outer tube (3). A water inlet assembly is connected to the water inlet end of the inner tube (1) and used for filtering water. An air inlet assembly comprises an air inlet end and two air outlet ends, the two air outlet ends are respectively connected to the nitrogen gas channel (5) and the steam channel (6), and the air inlet assembly can switch the air inlet end to be individually connected to any one of the air outlet ends. A mixing assembly is arranged at the end of the outer tube (3) away from the water inlet assembly, and a mixing space (7) is arranged in the mixing assembly; the mixing assembly is used for mixing nitrogen gas and water in the mixing space (7) or mixing steam and water outside the mixing space (7).

2. The inside and outside mixed combined converter dry dusting spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet assembly comprises a first joint (8) which is fixedly connected to the inner tube (1) and used for connecting a water inlet pipe, and a filter (9) which is fixed to the first joint (8) and extends into the inner tube (1). The end of the outer tube (3) close to the water inlet assembly is provided with a first tube plug (10), one end of the middle tube (2) penetrates through the first tube plug (10) and extends to the outside of the outer tube (3) to form a connecting part (11), the nitrogen gas channel (5) is connected to the air inlet assembly through the connecting part (11), and one end of the connecting part (11) is provided with a second tube plug (12), the water inlet end of the inner tube (1) penetrates through the second tube plug (12) and extends to the outside of the middle tube (2). The air inlet assembly comprises a flow dividing part (13) which comprises a first pipe part (14) used for connecting an air source, a second pipe part (15) connected to the connecting part (11) and a third pipe part (16) connected to the outer tube (3), and a pneumatic three-way ball valve (17) arranged in the flow dividing part (13) and used for switching the first pipe part (14) to be in communication with the second pipe part (15) or the third pipe part (16).

3. The inside and outside mixed combined converter dry dusting spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet assembly further comprises a cooling pipe (18) which is connected to the second pipe part (15) and the third pipe part (16), and a one-way valve (19) arranged on the cooling pipe (18) and used for guiding part of nitrogen gas to flow through the whole channel to cool the spray gun.

4. The inside and outside mixed converter dry dusting spray gun according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mixing assembly comprises a spray head shell (20) which is fixedly connected to the end of the outer tube (3) and the end of the middle tube (2) through a welding connector (21). ​ ​ 5. The inside and outside mixed combined converter dry dusting spray gun according to claim 4, characterized in that, ​ ​ ​ 6. The inside and outside mixed combined converter dry dusting spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ ​ A water distribution member (22) is arranged inside the torch housing (20) and coaxially arranged with the torch housing (20); the inside of the water distribution member (22) forms the mixing space (7), and the end outside wall and the torch housing (20) form a first gap (23) that communicates the steam passage (6) and the outside of the torch; the end of the water distribution member (22) away from the welding connector (21) is provided with a plurality of spray holes (24) arranged in an annular array; A gas passing core (25) is arranged in the mixing space (7) and coaxially arranged with the water distribution member (22); the gas passing core (25) is provided with a water passing hole that communicates with the water guide passage (4) in the center, and the outside wall and the water distribution member (22) form a second gap (26) that communicates the nitrogen passage (5) and the mixing space (7).

7. The inside and outside mixed converter dry dusting spray gun according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water distribution member (22) is also fixedly installed with a water distribution core (27), which is arranged in the mixing space (7) and placed between the plurality of spray holes (24); the water distribution core (27) is formed with a tapered water distribution surface towards the water passing hole.

8. The inside and outside mixed converter dry dusting spray gun according to claim 4, characterized in that, Further comprising: A first corrugated compensator (28) connects the second pipe portion (15) and the connecting portion (11); A second corrugated compensator (29) connects the main body of the outer pipe (3) and one end where the first pipe plug (10) is arranged.

9. The inside-outside mixed type dry dust removal lance according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, A plurality of water flow accelerators (30) are arranged in the inner pipe (1) and arranged along the extension direction of the water guide passage (4); the water flow accelerator (30) is a cylindrical structure with a gradually changing radial dimension, and the size of the water inlet end is larger than that of the water outlet end; the water flow accelerator (30) is coaxially arranged with the inner pipe (1), and the size of the water inlet end is adapted to the inner diameter of the inner pipe (1).

10. The inside-outside mixed type dry dust removal lance according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, A first support ring (31) is arranged between the inner pipe (1) and the middle pipe (2), and a second support ring (32) is arranged between the middle pipe (2) and the outer pipe (3).

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