Combustor and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a combustor and a control method. The combustor (100) is provided with a shell (1), a combustion chamber (11) is formed in the shell (1), the combustor (100) is further provided with a main fuel input part (2), a combustion-supporting gas input part (3), a reducing gas input part (4) and a fuel gas input part (5) which are communicated with the combustion chamber (11), main fuel of the main fuel input part (2) comprises ammonia, and the combustion-supporting gas input part (3) comprises a reducing gas input part (4) and a fuel gas input part (5). The combustion chamber (11) is provided with an ammonia combustion area, a reduction reaction area and an ammonia capturing area which are sequentially arranged, in the ammonia combustion area, main fuel of the main fuel input part (2) and combustion-supporting gas of the combustion-supporting gas input part (3) are combusted, and in the reduction reaction area, the combustion-supporting gas of the combustion-supporting gas input part (3) and the combustion-supporting gas of the combustion-supporting gas input part (3) are combusted. Reducing gas of the reducing gas input part (4) and nitric oxide of the ammonia combustion area are subjected to reduction reaction, and in the ammonia capturing area, ammonia and combustion-supporting gas are combusted by means of the fuel gas input part (5).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of burners, and more specifically, to a burner and a control method. Background Technology

[0002] This section aims to provide background information relevant to understanding the various techniques described herein. As the title of this section implies, this is a discussion of related techniques that should in no way imply that they are necessarily prior art. Therefore, it should be understood that any statement in this section should be read in this context, rather than as an admission of any prior art.

[0003] Given current carbon reduction policies and the inconvenience of hydrogen transportation, ammonia, as an excellent hydrogen carrier, will make a significant contribution to carbon reduction through combustion. In this regard, nitrogen oxide emissions are currently one of the main indicators for evaluating burners in China's combustion emission control and regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a burner that can reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides and the escape of ammonia while meeting the requirements of carbon emission reduction policies, thereby improving safety and environmental friendliness.

[0005] Furthermore, the purpose of this disclosure is to solve or at least alleviate one or more problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] This disclosure solves the above problems by providing a burner and a control method. Specifically, according to one aspect of this disclosure, the following is provided:

[0007] A burner has a housing with a combustion chamber formed therein. The burner also includes a main fuel inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet, a reducing gas inlet, and a fuel inlet leading into the combustion chamber. The main fuel in the main fuel inlet includes ammonia. The combustion chamber has an ammonia combustion zone, a reduction reaction zone, and an ammonia capture zone arranged sequentially. In the ammonia combustion zone, the main fuel in the main fuel inlet and the combustion-supporting gas in the combustion-supporting gas inlet combust. In the reduction reaction zone, the reducing gas in the reducing gas inlet undergoes a reduction reaction with nitrogen oxides in the ammonia combustion zone. In the ammonia capture zone, ammonia and the combustion-supporting gas combust via the fuel inlet.

[0008] Optionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the burner includes refractory material disposed on the inner wall of the housing, and the main fuel input section passes through the refractory material into the combustion chamber.

[0009] Optionally, according to one embodiment of this disclosure, the main fuel inlet is directly connected to the combustion chamber from outside the housing, and the main fuel of the main fuel inlet is ammonia, or a mixture of ammonia and combustible gas.

[0010] Alternatively, according to one embodiment of this disclosure, the reducing gas includes ammonia.

[0011] Optionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the burner includes a swirling structure formed by the housing, wherein the combustion-supporting gas in the combustion-supporting gas input section forms a swirling flow via the swirling structure and is guided to the ammonia combustion zone to react with the main fuel.

[0012] Optionally, according to one embodiment of this disclosure, the burner includes a continuous lamp that is introduced into the ammonia combustion zone to ignite or support the combustion reaction between the combustion-supporting gas and the main fuel.

[0013] Optionally, according to one embodiment of this disclosure, the burner includes a compensating gas input section, which is introduced into the ammonia combustion zone to assist the combustion reaction of the combustion-supporting gas and the main fuel.

[0014] Alternatively, according to one embodiment of this disclosure, the gas in the gas input section includes hydrogen or natural gas.

[0015] Optionally, according to one embodiment of this disclosure, the housing is a rotating structure, and the reducing gas input section and the gas input section are arranged at uniform angles on the housing.

[0016] Optionally, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the housing forms a first end and a second end, the output end of the main fuel input is located at the first end, the second end forms an opening, and the gas input is arranged obliquely toward the opening.

[0017] Alternatively, according to one embodiment of this disclosure, the combustible gas includes natural gas or hydrogen.

[0018] Alternatively, according to one embodiment of this disclosure, the compensation gas in the compensation gas input unit includes air, natural gas, or hydrogen.

[0019] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a control method for the above-described burner is provided, wherein the control method includes the following steps:

[0020] Ignite the continuous lamp and the gas input section;

[0021] The main fuel inlet and the combustion gas inlet respectively introduce the main fuel and the combustion gas into the combustion chamber. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the above and other features of this disclosure will become apparent, wherein,

[0023] Figure 1 A cross-sectional front view of a burner according to the present disclosure is shown;

[0024] Figure 2 It shows the basis Figure 1 Left view of the burner;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a swirl structure of a burner according to the present disclosure is shown;

[0026] Figure 4 A cross-sectional front view of another burner according to this disclosure is shown; and

[0027] Figure 5 A flowchart of a control method according to this disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0028] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solutions of this disclosure, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of this disclosure. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of the technical solutions of this disclosure and should not be considered as the entirety of this disclosure or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solutions of this disclosure.

[0029] The directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, front, back, top, and bottom mentioned or possibly used in this specification are defined relative to the structures shown in the accompanying drawings. These are relative concepts and may therefore vary depending on their location and usage. Therefore, these or other directional terms should not be interpreted as restrictive. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and similar expressions are used for descriptive and distinguishing purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying the relative importance of the corresponding components.

[0030] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,in, Figure 1 A cross-sectional front view of a burner according to this disclosure is shown; and Figure 2 It shows the basis Figure 1 Left view of the burner.

[0031] The burner 100 has a housing 1, within which a combustion chamber 11 is formed. The burner 100 also has a main fuel input section 2, an auxiliary combustion gas input section 3, a reducing gas input section 4, and a fuel gas input section 5 that enter the combustion chamber 11. The main fuel in the main fuel input section 2 includes ammonia. The combustion chamber 11 has an ammonia combustion zone, a reduction reaction zone, and an ammonia capture zone arranged sequentially. In the ammonia combustion zone, the main fuel in the main fuel input section 2 and the auxiliary combustion gas in the auxiliary combustion gas input section 3 are combusted. In the reduction reaction zone, the reducing gas in the reducing gas input section 4 undergoes a reduction reaction with the nitrogen oxides in the ammonia combustion zone. In the ammonia capture zone, ammonia and the auxiliary combustion gas are combusted by means of the fuel gas input section 5.

[0032] It should be understood that a burner converts substances into heat energy through a chemical reaction called combustion, which is used to provide a heat source or as an ignition tool. For example, in the petrochemical industry, burners can be used to heat the medium in furnace tubes. Burners can also be used in industries such as steel and energy, as well as in boilers, smelting furnaces, smelters, and heat treatment processes.

[0033] According to this technical solution, using ammonia as the primary fuel, as an excellent hydrogen carrier, makes a significant contribution to responding to the national policy of reducing carbon emissions and avoids the problem of hydrogen's inconvenience in transportation. Furthermore, compared to carbon-emission burners, ammonia as a primary fuel has better renewability and higher energy density; for example, ammonia can be synthesized through the electrolysis of water and nitrogen. The higher energy density means that ammonia is easy to store and transport, providing sufficient energy for energy use.

[0034] In this technical solution, the burner is divided into an ammonia combustion zone, a reduction reaction zone, and an ammonia capture zone. Therefore, this burner can be understood as a three-stage or three-phase combustion design. Of course, these three zones do not require physical or clear boundaries within the combustion chamber. The ammonia combustion zone is the first stage of the burner, where the flame originates. Figure 1 From the perspective of the flame, it originates from the left end of the burner and spreads outwards and to the right. Ammonia combustion releases a large amount of heat, providing a significant amount of energy. Ammonia reacts with oxygen in the combustion-supporting gas to produce water and fuel-type nitrogen oxides (NOx), such as NO and NO2 (the generation of nitrogen oxides may be due to reactions that occur between nitrogen and oxygen at high temperatures, or incomplete bonding of nitrogen atoms in ammonia molecules with oxygen). The combustion-supporting gas can be combustion air or other oxygen-containing or oxygen-enriched gases.

[0035] Since nitrogen oxides (NOx) are air pollutants and harmful to the environment, this technical solution employs a reduction reaction zone as the second stage of the burner to address NOx. Specifically, the reducing gas at the reducing gas inlet reacts with the reactants (mainly NOx) in the ammonia combustion zone, thereby reducing NOx and improving safety and environmental friendliness. For example, the reducing gas includes ammonia or methane. Furthermore, gases that can be oxidized in air, such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, or sulfur monoxide, are also reducing gases and can be used to reduce NOx.

[0036] In addition, the burner also has a third-stage ammonia capture zone to capture ammonia that has not yet fully reacted. This ammonia may originate from sources such as the ammonia in the main fuel inlet or ammonia as a reducing gas. Thus, ammonia reacts with oxygen in the combustion-supporting gas in the capture zone to produce nitrogen and water, possibly accompanied by small amounts of nitrogen oxides. This reduces or eliminates ammonia escape, removing potential ammonia pollution. To support the combustion reaction of ammonia and the combustion-supporting gas, the burner includes a fuel inlet in the capture zone, for example, by providing a heat source to support the combustion reaction and improve its efficiency and effectiveness. Furthermore, the specific structure of each inlet mentioned herein is not particularly constrained; for example, the inlet can be constructed as a nozzle or spray gun, providing high fuel input efficiency and controllability.

[0037] As mentioned above, the reducing gas includes ammonia. In this regard, ammonia can react with nitrogen oxides to produce nitrogen and water, thereby effectively reducing nitrogen oxide emissions and lowering environmental pollution. It can also be seen that both the main fuel input and the reducing gas input in the main fuel input section use ammonia; therefore, this solution has high ammonia utilization efficiency, meets zero carbon emission requirements, and has low dependence on other raw materials. Therefore, in one embodiment, an ammonia source shared by the main fuel input and the reducing gas input section can be provided. For example, ammonia can be supplied to the main fuel input and the reducing gas input section on demand via a manifold, or the ammonia supplied to the main fuel input and the reducing gas input section can be controlled on demand using flow regulation methods such as solenoid valves.

[0038] For example, the gas in the gas inlet 5 may include hydrogen or natural gas. It should be understood that the hydrogen or natural gas itself does not participate in the combustion reaction of ammonia with the combustion-supporting gas, but rather serves as the gas in the gas inlet to support combustion in the gas inlet, thereby providing a heat source and ignition temperature for the aforementioned combustion reaction. For instance, hydrogen or natural gas can mix with oxygen in the air and undergo a combustion reaction, releasing a large amount of heat energy. This combustion process provides the necessary heat source and ignition temperature for the combustion reaction of ammonia with the combustion-supporting gas, creating favorable conditions for the ammonia combustion reaction.

[0039] Therefore, it is feasible to employ a premixed structure in the gas inlet section. A premixed structure can be understood as the gas itself being premixed for combustion in the gas inlet section, thus enabling the gas inlet section to maintain combustion independently without the need for other energy sources and therefore unaffected by the combustion-supporting gases in the burner. For example, the premixed structure includes a mixer for premixing the gas (such as natural gas or hydrogen) with air. Specifically, a Venturi nozzle can be used, utilizing the vacuum created by the intake airflow velocity to draw in the gas and achieve uniform mixing.

[0040] Combination Figure 3 The diagram shows a schematic of a swirl structure of a burner according to the present disclosure.

[0041] The burner 100 includes a swirl structure 6 formed by the housing 1. The combustion gas from the combustion gas input section 3 forms a swirl via the swirl structure 6 and is guided to the ammonia combustion zone to react with the main fuel.

[0042] Swirl structures, also known as swirl vanes, create a swirling or rotating airflow through which the combustion-supporting gas flows. This airflow mixes thoroughly with the main fuel in the ammonia combustion zone, improving the combustion efficiency of ammonia. Specifically, swirl structures alter the flow path and direction of the airflow, inducing rotational motion. This rotational motion increases the turbulence of the airflow, thereby enhancing the mixing effect between the combustion-supporting gas and the main fuel. When the combustion-supporting gas is guided into the ammonia combustion zone in a swirling form, its contact area and contact time with the main fuel (including ammonia) increase, contributing to more complete and uniform combustion and improving combustion efficiency. Therefore, swirl structures can overcome problems such as low combustion speed and unstable combustion in ammonia combustion.

[0043] Regarding the specific implementation of the swirl structure, this article does not impose any particular restrictions. For example, by setting guide vanes, channels, or other shapes on the swirl structure, a rotational effect can be generated when the airflow passes through it. It can also be understood that, in order to facilitate the mixing of the swirl with the main fuel, the output end of the main fuel inlet can be located at the output end of the adjacent swirl structure.

[0044] The burner 100 also includes a continuous lamp 8, which is introduced into the ammonia combustion zone to ignite or support the combustion reaction between the combustion-supporting gas and the main fuel.

[0045] It should be understood that a continuously lit lamp can be considered a component used to maintain continuous ignition through a persistent flame. It serves as an auxiliary ignition source to ensure stable combustion of the main flame in the burner, i.e., it ignites and supports the combustion reaction between the combustion-supporting gas and the main fuel, ensuring the safety of the ammonia combustion process. In addition, the continuously lit lamp also has a preheating function, which will be discussed later. For example, the combustion reaction of the continuously lit lamp itself can be achieved by mixing and igniting a combustible gas (such as coal gas, natural gas, etc.) with oxygen. The continuously lit lamp is characterized by low energy consumption, long lifespan, and ease of maintenance. Therefore, the output end of the continuously lit lamp can be located near the main fuel input or at the flame root point to improve the ignition and maintenance effect of the main fuel combustion reaction.

[0046] The burner 100 in some embodiments of this disclosure further includes a compensating gas input section 9, which is introduced into the ammonia combustion zone to assist the combustion reaction of the combustion-supporting gas and the main fuel.

[0047] This technical solution aims to compensate for the combustion reaction in the ammonia combustion zone as needed. As mentioned earlier, the combustion reaction in the ammonia combustion zone involves the main fuel and the combustion-supporting gas. Since incomplete reactions between ammonia and the combustion-supporting gas may produce nitrogen oxides, the compensation gas can be air, which can further mix with the incompletely reacted ammonia and combustion-supporting gas, promoting their reaction and thus making combustion more complete. Therefore, by introducing compensation air, the mixing degree of ammonia and combustion-supporting gas can be improved, increasing their contact area and reaction time. It can also regulate the temperature and pressure in the ammonia combustion zone, optimizing combustion conditions, thereby effectively reducing nitrogen oxide formation, improving combustion efficiency, and reducing environmental pollution. In this regard, the introduction of compensation air can be rationally controlled in the design of the ammonia combustion zone and during burner operation, including parameters such as its introduction time, amount, and rate. For this purpose, the output end of the compensation gas inlet can be located near the output end of the main fuel inlet or at the flame root. It is also understandable that the compensating gas input section in the figure is presented in the form of an opening, into which the corresponding spray gun or nozzle can be inserted to supply the corresponding gas, or the compensating gas input section itself is constructed as a spray gun or nozzle for the corresponding gas.

[0048] In some other embodiments, the compensating gas in the compensating gas input unit 9 may also include natural gas or hydrogen. This is to aid the combustion reaction of the main fuel and the combustion-supporting gas. It should be understood that both natural gas and hydrogen are high-quality combustible gases with high calorific value and good combustion performance. When such gases are input as compensating gases, they can be thoroughly mixed with the main fuel ammonia and the combustion-supporting gas, providing additional combustible material, thereby enhancing the intensity and stability of the combustion reaction, optimizing combustion conditions, and improving combustion efficiency. In particular, these gases can release more heat energy during combustion, promoting the complete combustion of the main fuel ammonia and reducing harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides produced by incomplete combustion.

[0049] Therefore, the design of the compensating gas input section 9 of the burner disclosed herein considers the input possibilities of various combustible gases to adapt to different combustion requirements and operating conditions. This design makes the burner more flexible and efficient during operation, and better meets the needs of practical applications.

[0050] exist Figure 1 It can also be seen that the burner 100 includes refractory material 7 disposed on the inner wall of the housing 1, and the main fuel input part 2 passes through the refractory material 7 into the combustion chamber 11.

[0051] It should be understood that refractory materials themselves can be used for: withstanding high-temperature environments to ensure stable operation of burners at high temperatures; providing thermal insulation to effectively reduce heat transfer, improve burner operating efficiency, and reduce energy waste; resisting chemical erosion and corrosion in high-temperature and corrosive environments to protect burners from damage; and ensuring the hardness and stability of refractory materials to support and protect the burner structure, preventing deformation and damage caused by thermal expansion and contraction. Refractory materials can be refractory bricks.

[0052] This technical solution utilizes the heat generated by the refractory material during burner operation, transferring this heat to the main fuel inlet and thereby heating the main fuel, thus producing a preheating effect. This preheating effect helps to ignite ammonia during the combustion reaction. Especially considering the slow combustion rate of ammonia, increasing the temperature of the main fuel ammonia can effectively enhance stable combustion. Furthermore, this technical solution fully utilizes the heat inherent in the refractory material, improving resource utilization without increasing the burden on the burner.

[0053] In this situation, pure ammonia can be used as the primary fuel due to its excellent combustion performance. The advantages of using pure ammonia as the primary fuel lie in its environmentally friendly properties and efficient combustion. Using pure ammonia as the primary fuel can significantly reduce pollutant emissions during combustion, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0054] In addition, this preheating method can be used in conjunction with a continuous lamp or a gas inlet. For example, during the start-up phase, the continuous lamp and / or the gas inlet can be preheated, which not only preheats the combustion chamber but also preheats the refractory material and thus the main fuel, thereby enhancing the aforementioned technical effects.

[0055] Therefore, in order to achieve a better preheating effect, the section of the main fuel input section within the refractory material can be designed to be longer, for example, by increasing the contact time or area by adding a curved section. At the same time, the flow resistance that may result should also be considered in order to achieve a balance between fuel input efficiency and preheating effect.

[0056] refer to Figure 4 The diagram shows a cross-sectional front view of another burner according to this disclosure.

[0057] Figure 4 The burner shown is Figure 1 The main difference between the burners shown is that Figure 4 The design of the main fuel inlet of the burner, or the way the main fuel inlet is introduced into the combustion chamber.

[0058] Specifically, the main fuel input section 2 is directly connected to the combustion chamber 11 from outside the housing 1, and the main fuel of the main fuel input section 2 is ammonia, or a mixture of ammonia and combustible gas.

[0059] The term "direct" inlet here can be understood as the main fuel inlet extending directly from the outside of the casing into the combustion chamber without preheating, such as without passing through refractory material. Therefore, in this design, the structure of the main fuel inlet can be relatively simple, for example, designed as a straight pipe shape, resulting in low resistance to fuel input. To ensure the most complete combustion of ammonia under these conditions, this technical solution further specifies that the main fuel in the main fuel inlet can be ammonia. Additionally, the addition of an auxiliary combustion gas can be considered to promote the ignition of ammonia. In other embodiments, the main fuel in the main fuel inlet is a mixture of ammonia and combustible gas, which also promotes the ignition of ammonia. Combustible gases typically include oxygen, hydrogen, methane, and ethane.

[0060] For example, the combustible gas is natural gas or hydrogen. As mentioned above, both natural gas and hydrogen are high-quality combustible gases with high calorific value, which can increase the overall calorific value of the mixed fuel, thereby improving combustion efficiency. Natural gas or hydrogen combustion produces fewer pollutants, and mixing it with ammonia helps reduce overall pollution emissions, making it more environmentally friendly. Furthermore, natural gas or hydrogen has stable combustion performance, and mixing it with ammonia can enhance combustion stability, making the combustion process more controllable.

[0061] Combination Figure 2 In some embodiments of this disclosure, the housing 1 is a rotating structure, such as a cylinder or tubular structure, and the reducing gas input 4 and the gas input 5 are arranged at uniform angles, for example, around the housing 1.

[0062] This technical solution achieves uniform mixing and efficient combustion, releasing more heat energy and improving combustion efficiency. This design also helps form a stable flame, reducing fluctuations and flameout during combustion, and improving the burner's operational stability. This disclosure does not impose specific limitations on the number and angle intervals of the reducing gas inlet and the gas inlet. Those skilled in the art can flexibly select the appropriate inlet based on requirements for burner performance, cost, etc. As an example only, one burner has three gas inlets evenly distributed at 90-degree angles to each other, and four reducing gas inlets evenly distributed at 90-degree angles to each other, with the gas inlet and reducing gas inlet alternating. A combustion-supporting gas inlet and a continuous lamp are located at the top. Thus, while achieving the aforementioned technical effects, space utilization is optimized, resulting in a more compact burner structure and enabling high combustion efficiency within a limited space.

[0063] As an example, the gas input section is arranged such that the housing 1 forms a first end and a second end, the output end of the main fuel input section 2 is located at the first end, the second end forms an opening 12, and the gas input section 5 is arranged obliquely toward the opening 12.

[0064] Therefore, the first end of the burner (e.g., the left end) is where the flame takes root, and the second end of the burner (e.g., the right end) is where the flame diffuses and outputs heat outward. For this purpose, the gas inlet is angled outward and has an extension component along the rightward flame diffusion direction, thereby better "catching" ammonia and preventing its escape. This ammonia can originate from the ammonia in the main fuel and / or the ammonia in the reducing gas inlet. In other embodiments, for example, considering layout space, etc., Figure 1 From another perspective, the gas inlet can also be arranged vertically or tilted to the left.

[0065] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the burner further includes a flame detection device 10, which extends into the combustion chamber. It is understood that the purpose of the flame detector is to observe the flame. Therefore, the flame detection device may be further positioned near the output end of the main fuel input or at the flame root point, or even at a position away from the flame spread (i.e., to the left of the flame root point), to better observe the flame.

[0066] For example, the flame detection device includes a probe module, a processing module, and a cooling module. The probe module, for example, includes a photosensitive device capable of capturing the radiant energy and image of the flame and converting it into an electrical signal. The processing module processes the output signal of the probe module and displays the analysis results of the flame condition. The cooling module is designed to take into account the typically high temperature of the combustion chamber, and to ensure its long-term stable operation by cooling the probe module (e.g., air cooling).

[0067] Therefore, the flame detection device allows for direct observation of key parameters such as the shape, color, brightness, and combustion stability of the flame, thus determining whether the combustion process is normal. This is crucial for ensuring the safe operation of the burner and for promptly identifying and addressing potential combustion problems. Furthermore, the flame detection device can be integrated with the control system to achieve automatic adjustment and optimization of the combustion process, further improving combustion efficiency and safety.

[0068] refer to Figure 5 The diagram shows a flowchart of a control method according to the present disclosure.

[0069] Another aspect of this disclosure relates to a control method for the above-described burner 100, wherein the control method includes the following steps: S1: igniting the continuous lamp 8 and the gas input section 5; S2: the main fuel input section 2 and the combustion gas input section 3 respectively introduce main fuel and combustion gas into the combustion chamber 11.

[0070] Therefore, it can be seen that this control method, by igniting the continuous lamp and the gas input section, can achieve a preheating effect, preheating the combustion chamber and refractory materials, and can also preheat... Figure 1 The main fuel in the main fuel inlet of the burner provides a promoting effect for subsequent ammonia ignition and also ignites the combustion reaction between the main fuel and the combustion-supporting gas, improving the stability of ammonia combustion and effectively eliminating ammonia escape that may occur during ignition. Afterwards, the combustion reaction between the main fuel and the combustion-supporting gas proceeds, entering the operating mode. This combustion reaction is more efficient and complete due to the previous preheating effect, allowing ammonia and oxygen to react as completely as possible and reducing the formation of nitrogen oxides.

[0071] It should be understood that all the above preferred embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive, and various modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described above under the concept of this disclosure should be within the legal protection scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A burner (100), characterized in that, The burner (100) has a housing (1) and a combustion chamber (11) is formed inside the housing (1). The burner (100) also has a main fuel input section (2), a combustion-supporting gas input section (3), a reducing gas input section (4), and a gas input section (5) that enter the combustion chamber (11). The main fuel of the main fuel input section (2) includes ammonia. The combustion chamber (11) has an ammonia combustion zone, a reduction reaction zone, and an ammonia capture zone arranged sequentially. In the ammonia combustion zone, the main fuel of the main fuel input section (2) and the combustion-supporting gas of the combustion-supporting gas input section (3) are burned. In the reduction reaction zone, the reducing gas of the reducing gas input section (4) and the nitrogen oxides of the ammonia combustion zone undergo a reduction reaction. In the ammonia capture zone, ammonia and the combustion-supporting gas are burned by means of the gas input section (5).

2. The burner (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The burner (100) includes refractory material (7) disposed on the inner wall of the housing (1), and the main fuel input section (2) passes through the refractory material (7) into the combustion chamber (11).

3. The burner (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main fuel input section (2) is directly connected to the combustion chamber (11) from outside the housing (1), and the main fuel of the main fuel input section (2) is ammonia, or a mixture of ammonia and combustible gas.

4. The burner (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The reducing gas includes ammonia.

5. The burner (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The burner (100) includes a swirl structure (6) formed by the housing (1), and the combustion-supporting gas of the combustion-supporting gas input section (3) is swirled by the swirl structure (6) and guided to the ammonia combustion zone to react with the main fuel.

6. The burner (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The burner (100) includes a continuous lamp (8) which is introduced into the ammonia combustion zone to ignite or support the combustion reaction of the combustion-supporting gas and the main fuel.

7. The burner (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The burner (100) includes a compensating gas input section (9), which is introduced into the ammonia combustion zone to assist the combustion reaction of the combustion-supporting gas and the main fuel.

8. The burner (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The gas in the gas input section (5) includes hydrogen or natural gas.

9. The burner (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The housing (1) has a rotating structure, and the reducing gas input section (4) and the gas input section (5) are arranged at uniform angles on the housing (1).

10. The burner (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The housing (1) forms a first end and a second end, the output end of the main fuel input section (2) is located at the first end, the second end forms an opening (12), and the gas input section (5) is arranged obliquely toward the opening (12).

11. The burner (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The combustible gas includes natural gas or hydrogen.

12. The burner (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The compensation gas in the compensation gas input unit (9) includes air, natural gas or hydrogen.

13. A control method for a burner (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control method includes the following steps: Ignite the continuous lamp (8) and the gas input section (5); The main fuel input section (2) and the combustion gas input section (3) respectively introduce the main fuel and the combustion gas into the combustion chamber (11).

Images