Real-time observation system for slag flowing behavior and method for observing slag flowing behavior in real time

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal gasification, and provides a real-time observation system and method for a slag flowing behavior. The real-time observation system for the flowing behavior of the molten slag comprises a molten slag pouring device, a molten slag discharging device and a monitoring device, wherein the molten slag pouring device comprises a molten slag container and a rotating rod for rotating the molten slag container; the slag guide device comprises a buffer container and a guide plate; the observation device is used for observing and analyzing the flowing of the slag on the guide plate; the furnace body is provided with a shell; the furnace body is also provided with an air inlet which is communicated with an air supply device; the vacuumizing device is communicated with the furnace body through the air outlet; the slag pouring device is used for pouring slag into the buffer container, and the buffer container is provided with a flow guide outlet used for guiding the slag to the surface of the flow guide plate; an acute included angle is formed between the lower surface, away from slag, of the guide plate and the horizontal plane. According to the observation system and method provided by the invention, the in-situ detection problem in the slag flowing process is solved, and a basis is provided for intuitively judging the slag discharging smoothness degree of the gasification furnace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of coal gasification technology, and in particular relates to a real-time observation system for molten slag flow behavior and a method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gasification technology is an important approach for the clean conversion and utilization of modern coal. The key to coal gasification technology is converting coal into syngas through a high-temperature gasification reaction. In major gasifiers such as fluidized bed gasifiers and pulverized coal slag fixed bed gasifiers, organic matter in the coal reacts with the gasifying agent at high temperatures to generate gases such as CO, CO2, CH4, and H2, while the remaining minerals melt to form liquid slag, which flows downwards along the furnace wall and eventually flows out through the slag discharge port at the bottom of the gasifier. During the operation of the gasifier, the flow behavior of the slag is a crucial factor affecting the stability and gasification efficiency of the gasifier. The flow behavior of the slag can be characterized by its viscosity and flow velocity.

[0003] The viscosity of molten slag refers to the coefficient of internal friction between the liquid layers within the slag, and its value is the reciprocal of its fluidity. If the viscosity is too high, the molten slag's fluidity deteriorates, leading to slag accumulation on the furnace wall, resulting in poor slag discharge and blockage, and may even cause gasifier shutdown. Conversely, if the viscosity is too low, the molten slag's fluidity is too high, causing scouring of the furnace wall, corrosion of the refractory materials, and shortening the gasifier's lifespan. Therefore, the viscosity of the molten slag needs to be controlled within a certain range, typically between 2.5 and 25 Pa•s for fluidized bed gasifiers, to ensure continuous and stable slag discharge. However, viscosity measurement is inherently a complex offline analysis, usually requiring the collection of molten slag samples and the measurement of the viscosity-temperature curve using a high-temperature rotational viscometer in a laboratory. This method has significant time lag and can only be used for post-processing guidance such as coal blending optimization or flux addition, rather than for real-time control during gasifier operation.

[0004] Compared to slag viscosity, flow velocity more directly reflects the dynamic behavior of slag within the furnace. Slag flow velocity is correlated with viscosity and is also easier to measure. Due to the complex high-temperature conditions inside a gasifier and limitations in research methods, there is currently no experimental setup that can fully grasp the relationship between slag viscosity and flow velocity. Using a high-temperature furnace to simulate slag flow under gasification conditions, coupled with observation equipment, allows for direct, in-situ observation of slag flow behavior. By controlling slag viscosity, a mathematical model of slag viscosity and flow velocity can be established, providing a basis for gasification operations. Currently, no real-time observation experimental system for slag flow behavior under high-temperature conditions has been discovered. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a real-time observation system and method for molten slag flow behavior to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: In a first aspect, this application provides a real-time observation system for the flow behavior of molten slag, comprising: A slag pouring device includes a slag container and a rotating rod for rotating the slag container; A slag diversion device, including a buffer container and a diversion plate; An observation device is used to observe and analyze the slag flow on the guide plate; The furnace body is provided with an outer shell; the furnace body is also provided with an air inlet, which is connected to an air supply device; A vacuuming device, which is connected to the furnace body through an air outlet, is used to vacuum the furnace body. The slag pouring device is used to pour slag into the buffer container, and the buffer container is provided with a guide outlet to guide the slag to the surface of the guide plate; the lower surface of the guide plate away from the slag has an acute angle with the horizontal plane.

[0007] Preferably, the real-time observation system for the molten slag flow behavior satisfies one or more of the following conditions: (1) The acute angle is 30-60°. (2) The guide plate is made of silicon carbide to simulate the refractory material of the actual furnace.

[0008] (3) The buffer container is made of graphite. Graphite crucibles have poor wettability with slag, which facilitates the flow of slag within the crucible.

[0009] (4) The observation device includes a high-speed camera and a computer connected to the high-speed camera. The high-speed camera has a shooting frame rate of not less than 60 Fps, a screen resolution of not less than 1 million pixels, an exposure time of 500-2000 ms, and a lens aperture of F8-16.

[0010] Preferably, the furnace body further includes a furnace chamber, a graphite heating element, and an inner lining; Both the outer shell and the furnace door are double-layered stainless steel shells, and the double-layered stainless steel shells are provided with cooling water inlets and outlets to reduce the temperature of the outer shell. The insulation material of the lining is high-temperature resistant graphite carbon felt, and the graphite heating element is located inside the furnace chamber with a maximum heating temperature of 1600℃. The furnace body is provided with one or more observation windows, and the observation device observes the molten slag on the guide plate through the observation windows.

[0011] The observation window is preferably set with 4 fire-resistant glass observation windows.

[0012] Preferably, the slag guiding device further includes a support plate and a graphite tank, wherein the support plate is used to support the guiding plate and the size of the acute angle is adjusted by adjusting the height of the support plate; The guide plate and the support plate are disposed inside the graphite trough.

[0013] Preferably, multiple buffer containers can be replaced, and the size of the flow outlet of each buffer container is different.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides a method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior, using the aforementioned real-time observation system for molten slag flow behavior, comprising: The molten slag sample is placed in the molten slag pouring device, and the acute angle of the guide plate is set to the target value; The interior of the furnace body is evacuated to a preset vacuum level using the vacuum device, and then the air inlet is opened and protective gas is introduced into the interior of the furnace body through the gas supply device. The interior of the furnace is heated to a preset temperature, and the rotating rod is rotated to pour the molten slag sample into the buffer container; The observation device is used to observe and detect the flow front of the molten slag sample on the guide plate, and the flow velocity of the molten slag sample is calculated by optical flow method; The viscosity of the slag sample is calculated in real time based on the "flow velocity-viscosity" model.

[0015] The flow velocity of the coal ash slag during the flow process was detected, and the real-time viscosity of the coal ash slag was characterized by the flow-viscosity curve.

[0016] Preferably, the method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior further includes the step of observing the molten slag sample through multiple observation windows.

[0017] Preferably, the calculation formula for the "flow velocity-viscosity" model is η=AsinθV x -a ; Where η is the viscosity of the sample, A is a constant with a value ranging from 50 to 300, θ is the degree measure of the acute angle, and V x The flow velocity is denoted as 'a', and 'a' is a correction parameter with a value ranging from 0.5 to 1.0.

[0018] Preferably, the preset vacuum level is not higher than -0.1 MPa; The protective gas includes argon; The preset temperature is 1100-1550℃, and the constant temperature time is 10-20min.

[0019] Preferably, the method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior further includes: Before pouring the slag sample into the buffer container, a solid substance is added to the slag container to obtain a multiphase system.

[0020] To simulate the multiphase conditions in actual molten slag, residual carbon, metallic iron, and refractory minerals are added to simulate the effect of multiphase conditions on the fluidity of molten slag.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: (1) The flow velocity and viscosity of Newtonian fluids are inversely proportional according to the Navi-Stokes equation. This invention can measure the "flow velocity-viscosity" model. Compared with testing the flowability of coal ash slag by detecting the viscosity of coal ash slag, the actual measurement of the flow velocity of coal ash slag is simpler to operate and the observation effect is more intuitive.

[0022] (2) The present invention measures the viscosity of molten slag by observing the flow of molten slag, without the need for direct contact with the sample, thus avoiding the impact of direct contact with high-temperature molten slag on the equipment and reducing the measurement error to a certain extent.

[0023] (3) The present invention has low requirements for the test sample and can use samples of multiphase system, such as coal ash slag containing different substances such as gas and particles.

[0024] (4) The experimental components are modular and highly operable, enabling the measurement of multiphase systems, multi-angle, and multi-liquid film thickness. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the real-time observation system for the slag flow behavior provided in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the refractory glass observation window of the real-time observation system for molten slag flow behavior provided in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the test equations for the real-time observation system of molten slag flow behavior provided in Example 1; Figure 4 This is a real-time image of the method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior provided in Example 2; Figure 5The velocity-viscosity curve is obtained by the method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior provided in Example 2; Figure 6 This is a real-time image of the method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior provided in Example 3; Figure 7 The velocity-viscosity curve is obtained by the method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior provided in Example 3; Figure 8 This is a real-time image of the method for observing the flow behavior of molten slag provided in Comparison 1; Figure 9 The velocity-viscosity curve is obtained by the method of real-time observation of slag flow behavior provided in Comparative Example 1.

[0027] Figure label: 1-Furnace body; 2-Buffer crucible; 3-Baffle plate; 4-Crucible; 5-Furnace door; 6-Refractory glass observation window; 7-Support plate; 8-Graphite tray; 9-High-speed camera; 10-Outlet; 11-Inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0029] The following description is based on specific embodiments.

[0030] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a real-time observation system for molten slag flow behavior, including a high-temperature furnace, a molten slag pouring device, a molten slag guiding component, and observation equipment. The high-temperature furnace includes a furnace body 1, a graphite heating element, an inner lining, and a furnace chamber. The molten slag guiding component is equipped with a buffer crucible 2 (graphite material) and a guide plate 3 (silicon carbide material). The buffer crucible 2 is placed horizontally above the guide plate 3, which is tilted at an angle of 30°-60° to the horizontal plane. A molten slag pouring device 3 is provided above the buffer crucible 2. The molten slag pouring device 3 includes a crucible 4 and a rotating rod so that the molten slag can be poured into the buffer crucible 2. Four refractory glass observation windows 6 are provided on the furnace door 5 of the furnace body 1. Figure 2As shown, two observation windows (No. 1 and No. 2) are arranged side-by-side, one above the other, allowing observation of the slag flow on the guide plate 3 through the refractory glass observation window 6. Observation window No. 1 is used to observe the slag flow on the guide plate 3, and observation window No. 2 is used to observe the slag flow on the side of the guide plate 3. The other two (No. 3 and No. 4) are arranged side-by-side, one above the other, to the right of the above two observation windows. Observation window No. 3 is used to observe the tilt of the crucible, and observation window No. 4 is used to observe the arrangement of the furnace. The slag guiding device also includes a support plate 7 and a graphite tray 8. The support plate 7 is used to support the guide plate 3, and the angle (tilt) between the guide plate 3 and the horizontal plane can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the support plate 7. The guide plate 3 and the support plate 7 are set in the graphite tray 8 (graphite trough).

[0031] The observation device includes a high-speed camera 9 and a computer connected to the high-speed camera. In an optional embodiment, the high-speed camera has a shooting frame rate of not less than 60 Fps, an image resolution of not less than 1 million pixels, an exposure time of 1000 ms, and a lens aperture of F8-16.

[0032] The real-time observation system also includes a vacuum pumping device, which is connected to the high-temperature furnace through the gas outlet 10 on the furnace body 1 and is used to vacuum the high-temperature furnace; the furnace body 1 is also provided with a gas inlet 11, which is connected to a gas cylinder.

[0033] In one optional embodiment, the outer shell and furnace door of the furnace body 1 are both double-layer stainless steel shells, and the double-layer stainless steel shells are provided with cooling water inlets and outlets to reduce the temperature of the outer shell. The lining insulation material is high-temperature resistant graphite carbon felt, and the graphite heating element is located inside the furnace chamber to heat the high-temperature furnace.

[0034] Before providing embodiments of the method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior, several common scenarios for which this method is applicable are first categorized and introduced, as follows: 1. The detection of the flow velocity of molten coal ash during its flow process includes the following steps: (1) Weigh about 60g of slag sample and place it into the crucible tilting device, and install the slag pouring device. Place the slag guide component into the furnace, adjust the angle to 50°, and adjust the position of the inclined plate to ensure that the slag can flow into the guide plate after pouring.

[0035] (2) After placing the crucible, close the furnace door and turn on the vacuum pump. When the vacuum degree is ≦-0.1Mpa, open the gas inlet and fill it with 99.99% argon gas to atmospheric pressure. Set the position of the high-speed camera so that the guide plate can be observed through the No. 1 refractory glass observation window.

[0036] (3) Set the target temperature for heating and set the constant temperature time.

[0037] (4) When the furnace temperature rises to the target temperature, operate the rotating rod to pour the slag in the crucible pouring device into the buffer crucible, observe the slag flow on the computer connected to the camera, and detect the flow front to obtain the slag flow rate.

[0038] In step (4), the pixels of the molten slag are analyzed and tracked by optical flow in the real-time captured video to obtain the real-time motion field of each pixel on the inclined plate, and the flow velocity of the molten slag is calculated.

[0039] (5) The viscosity of the sample is calculated in real time based on the “flow rate-viscosity” mathematical model and displayed on the screen.

[0040] 2. Procedures for detecting multi-angle molten slag flow: (1) Weigh about 60g of slag sample and place it into the crucible tilting device, and install the slag pouring device. Place the slag guiding component into the furnace, adjust the height and position of the support plate, use a protractor to measure the angle of the inclined plate, place the inclined plate sideways and align it with the No. 2 refractory observation window, and ensure that the slag can flow into the guiding plate after pouring.

[0041] (2) After placing the crucible, close the furnace door and turn on the vacuum pump. When the vacuum degree is ≦-0.1Mpa, open the gas inlet and fill it with 99.99% argon gas to atmospheric pressure. Set the position of the high-speed camera so that the guide plate can be observed through the No. 2 refractory glass observation window.

[0042] (3) Set the target temperature for heating and set the constant temperature time.

[0043] (4) When the furnace temperature rises to the target temperature, operate the rotating rod to pour the slag in the crucible pouring device into the buffer crucible, observe the slag flow on the computer connected to the camera, and detect the flow front to obtain the slag flow rate.

[0044] (5) The viscosity of the sample is calculated in real time based on the “flow rate-viscosity” mathematical model and displayed on the screen.

[0045] 3. Procedures for detecting slag flow in multiphase systems: (1) Weigh about 60g of slag sample and place it in the crucible tilting device. Place the prepared solid phase on the edge of the crucible and keep the crucible horizontal. Place the slag guiding component into the furnace and adjust the height and position of the support plate. Use a protractor to measure the angle of the inclined plate. If you want to observe the front of the inclined plate, place the inclined plate facing forward. If you want to observe the side of the inclined plate, place the inclined plate sideways.

[0046] (2) After placing the crucible, close the furnace door and turn on the vacuum pump. When the vacuum degree is ≦-0.1Mpa, open the gas inlet and fill it with 99.99% argon gas to atmospheric pressure. Set the position of the high-speed camera so that the guide plate can be observed through the No. 1 (forward) or No. 2 (side) refractory glass observation window.

[0047] (3) Set the target temperature for heating and set the constant temperature time.

[0048] (4) When the furnace temperature rises to the target temperature, observe the sample crucible through observation window No. 3. First, tilt the crucible slightly to slide the solid phase on the edge into the crucible and react with the sample. After waiting for the set time (0-30 mins), pour the slag in the crucible pouring device into the buffer crucible. Observe the slag flow on the computer connected to the camera and detect the flow front to obtain the slag flow rate.

[0049] (5) The viscosity of the sample is calculated in real time based on the “flow rate-viscosity” mathematical model and displayed on the screen.

[0050] 4. Procedures for detecting various liquid film thicknesses and slag flow: (1) Weigh about 60g of slag sample and place it in the crucible tilting device. Place the prepared solid phase on the edge of the crucible and keep the crucible horizontal. Place the slag guiding component into the furnace. Replace the buffer crucible with different overflow orifice diameters (2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm). Adjust the height and position of the support plate. Use a protractor to measure the angle of the inclined plate. If you want to observe the front of the inclined plate, place the inclined plate facing forward. If you want to observe the side of the inclined plate, place the inclined plate sideways.

[0051] (2) After placing the crucible, close the furnace door and turn on the vacuum pump. When the vacuum degree is ≦-0.1Mpa, open the gas inlet and fill it with 99.99% argon gas to atmospheric pressure. Set the position of the high-speed camera so that the guide plate can be observed through the No. 1 (forward) or No. 2 (side) refractory glass observation window.

[0052] (3) Set the target temperature for heating and set the constant temperature time.

[0053] (4) When the furnace temperature rises to the target temperature, observe the sample crucible through observation window No. 3. First, tilt the crucible slightly to slide the solid phase on the edge into the crucible and react with the sample. After waiting for the set time (0-30 mins), pour the slag in the crucible pouring device into the buffer crucible. Observe the slag flow on the computer connected to the camera and detect the flow front to obtain the slag flow rate.

[0054] Based on the "flow rate-viscosity" mathematical model, the viscosity of the sample is calculated in real time and displayed on the screen.

[0055] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the test equations for the real-time observation system of slag flow behavior provided in Example 1; as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the molten coal ash slag is subjected to gravity, surface tension, and shear force during its flow. Based on the Navi-Stokes equations, the motion state of the molten slag flowing on the inclined plate can be analyzed as follows: = sin .

[0056] Solving the Navi-Stokes equations and simplifying the parameters, we can obtain the corresponding relationship between ideal viscosity and velocity: .

[0057] Introducing the parameter 'a' as the exponential term for viscosity, the relationship can be modified to obtain: .

[0058] In the following embodiments, the slag pouring device includes a rotating rod, a graphite support, and a crucible.

[0059] First, weigh approximately 60g of the raw material coal ash slag used in the experiment and place it into the slag pouring device. Adjust the position of the slag guiding component to ensure that the slag can be poured into the guiding component (the buffer crucible opening of the guiding component is 8mm, and the width of the inclined plate is 45mm). Close the high-temperature furnace door and perform gas replacement.

[0060] In the following embodiments, the observation equipment includes a high-speed camera (Basler aca 1600-60gc), a lens (Workoma M1450-5MP), a tripod, and a computer. When using the observation equipment, focusing is performed before the molten slag is poured out. After focusing on the inclined plate, the shooting parameters are selected as follows: exposure time 1000ms, gamma value 1.5-2.0.

[0061] Adjust the position of the observation equipment so that the inclined plate can be viewed in the real-time video. Set the target temperature and the holding time. Once the furnace temperature reaches the target temperature, pour out the molten slag while observing the real-time video. Once molten slag appears, click on the edge of the slag for identification, and monitor the flow rate and viscosity of the molten slag in real time.

[0062] As the molten slag flows, the changes in each frame are calculated and continuously recorded until the leading edge of the molten slag flows out of the frame.

[0063] The method is described below through specific examples: Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior, with the following specific parameters: Sample 1 (composition mass ratio of SiO2:CaO:Al2O3 = 65:27:8) was taken. Following the above testing method, 60g of sample was weighed and tilted at a 50° angle. Flowability tests were performed on the sample at 1310℃ (39.64 Pa·s), 1344℃ (24.98 Pa·s), 1356℃ (21.43 Pa·s), 1372℃ (17.51 ​​Pa·s), 1394℃ (13.56 Pa·s), 1428℃ (9.39 Pa·s), and 1483℃ (5.56 Pa·s). Real-time video during the experiment is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the flow rate-viscosity curve of sample 1 within the temperature range of 1310℃-1509℃ is as follows. Figure 5 As shown.

[0064] from Figure 5 It can be seen that the slag flow rate of sample 1 is generally inversely proportional to the viscosity, with the viscosity ranging from 5.56 to 39.64 Pa·s and the flow rate ranging from 1.9 to 40.3 mm / s.

[0065] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior, with the following specific parameters: Sample 2 (composition mass ratio of SiO2:CaO:Al2O3 = 40:40:20) was weighed according to the above test method. The sample was tilted at a 50° angle, and flowability tests were performed at 1310℃ (15.86 Pa·s), 1320℃ (13.05 Pa·s), 1330℃ (10.52 Pa·s), 1340℃ (8.27 Pa·s), 1380℃ (4.77 Pa·s), and 1507℃ (1.00 Pa·s). Real-time video during the experiment is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the flow rate-viscosity curves for sample 2 with a temperature range of 1310℃ to 1507℃ are as follows. Figure 7 As shown.

[0066] from Figure 7 It can be seen that the slag flow rate of sample 2 is generally inversely proportional to the viscosity, with the viscosity ranging from 1 to 15.8 Pa•s and the flow rate ranging from 22.5 to 320.7 mm / s.

[0067] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior, with specific parameters as follows: Sample 1 (composition mass ratio of SiO2:CaO:Al2O3 = 65:27:8) was weighed according to the above test method. The sample was tilted at a 15° angle, and flowability tests were performed at 1344℃ (24.98 Pa·s), 1356℃ (21.43 Pa·s), 1394℃ (13.56 Pa·s), 1428℃ (9.39 Pa·s), and 1483℃ (5.56 Pa·s). Real-time video during the experiment is shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the flow rate-viscosity curves for sample 1 with an inclination angle of 15° and a temperature range of 1344℃ to 1483℃ are as follows. Figure 9 As shown.

[0068] from Figure 9 It can be seen that due to the low angle of the inclined plate, the driving force brought by the gravitational component is reduced, and the sample is unstable during flow, resulting in a large fluctuation range of data. Therefore, when the angle of the inclined plate is 15°, the correlation between the slag flow rate and viscosity of sample 1 is poor, with the viscosity range between 5.56-24.98 Pa•s and the flow rate range between 0.93-2.6 mm / s.

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A real-time observation system for the flow behavior of molten slag, characterized in that, include: A slag pouring device includes a slag container and a rotating rod for rotating the slag container; A slag guiding device, including a buffer container and a guide plate; An observation device is used to observe and analyze the slag flow on the guide plate; The furnace body is provided with an outer shell; the furnace body is also provided with an air inlet, which is connected to an air supply device; A vacuuming device, which is connected to the furnace body through an air outlet, is used to vacuum the furnace body. The slag pouring device is used to pour slag into the buffer container, and the buffer container is provided with a guide outlet to guide the slag to the surface of the guide plate; the lower surface of the guide plate away from the slag has an acute angle with the horizontal plane.

2. The real-time observation system for molten slag flow behavior as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One or more of the following conditions must be met: (1) The included acute angle is 30-60°. (2) The guide plate is made of silicon carbide; (3) The material of the buffer container is graphite; (4) The observation device includes a high-speed camera and a computer connected to the high-speed camera. The high-speed camera has a shooting frame rate of not less than 60 Fps, a screen resolution of not less than 1 million pixels, an exposure time of 500-2000 ms, and a lens aperture of F8-16.

3. The real-time observation system for molten slag flow behavior as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body also includes a furnace chamber, a graphite heating element, and an inner lining; Both the outer shell and the furnace door are double-layered stainless steel shells, and the double-layered stainless steel shells are provided with cooling water inlets and outlets to reduce the temperature of the outer shell; The insulation material of the lining is high-temperature resistant graphite carbon felt, and the graphite heating element is disposed on the inner side of the furnace. The furnace body is provided with one or more observation windows, and the observation device observes the molten slag on the guide plate through the observation windows.

4. The real-time observation system for molten slag flow behavior as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slag guiding device further includes a support plate and a graphite tank. The support plate is used to support the guiding plate and the size of the acute angle can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the support plate. The guide plate and the support plate are disposed inside the graphite trough.

5. The real-time observation system for slag flow behavior as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Multiple buffer containers can be replaced, and the size of the flow outlet of each buffer container is different.

6. A method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior, characterized in that, The real-time observation system for the slag flow behavior according to any one of claims 1-5 is used, including: The molten slag sample is placed in the molten slag pouring device, and the acute angle of the guide plate is set to the target value; The interior of the furnace body is evacuated to a preset vacuum level using the vacuum device, and then the air inlet is opened and protective gas is introduced into the interior of the furnace body through the gas supply device. The interior of the furnace is heated to a preset temperature, and the rotating rod is rotated to pour the molten slag sample into the buffer container; The observation device is used to observe and detect the flow front of the molten slag sample on the guide plate, and the flow velocity of the molten slag sample is calculated by optical flow method; The viscosity of the slag sample is calculated in real time based on the "flow velocity-viscosity" model.

7. The method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes the step of observing the slag sample through multiple observation windows.

8. The method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the "flow velocity-viscosity" model is η=AsinθV x -a ; Where η is the viscosity of the sample, A is a constant with a value ranging from 50 to 300, θ is the degree measure of the acute angle, and V x The flow velocity is denoted as 'a', and 'a' is a correction parameter with a value ranging from 0.5 to 1.

0.

9. The method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The preset vacuum level is no higher than -0.1 MPa; The protective gas includes argon; The preset temperature is 1100-1550℃, and the constant temperature time is 10-20min.

10. The method for real-time observation of molten slag flow behavior as described in any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that, Also includes: Before pouring the slag sample into the buffer container, a solid substance is added to the slag container to obtain a multiphase system.

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