Expansion valve
By designing a valve port channel and flow guiding structure with multi-stage flow area in the expansion valve, the high-frequency noise problem caused by refrigerant cavitation in the refrigeration system is solved, achieving a significant reduction in noise and smooth flow.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Electronic expansion valves generate high-frequency noise in refrigeration systems due to refrigerant cavitation, a problem that is difficult to solve effectively with existing technologies.
An expansion valve is designed, including a valve seat and a valve needle. The valve port channel is divided into first and second channels. The opening area of the second channel is smaller than that of the first channel. The flow area design enables the refrigerant pressure to recover quickly, suppresses the growth of bubbles, and slows down the flow rate and reduces noise through the flow guiding structure.
It effectively suppresses high-frequency noise during bubble bursting, reduces valve needle vibration and turbulence noise, and improves the static pressure balance and flow smoothness of the refrigeration system.
Smart Images
Figure CN121782786A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to a refrigeration device, and more particularly to an expansion valve. Background Technology
[0002] Electronic expansion valves use electrical signals generated by the regulated parameters to control the voltage or current applied to the expansion valve, thereby regulating the liquid supply.
[0003] In related technologies, electronic expansion valves generally include a valve chamber, a valve needle assembly, a valve port, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. The valve needle assembly controls the opening and closing of the valve port to control the connection between the inlet and outlet pipes. When refrigerant flows through the valve port, cavitation often occurs, generating bubbles. These bubbles gradually grow and coalesce, and larger bubbles, when they burst, produce high-frequency noise, causing the electronic expansion valve to generate significant noise. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application aims to provide a low-noise expansion valve.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides an expansion valve, including a valve seat and a valve needle, wherein the valve seat has a valve cavity and a valve port passage, wherein:
[0006] The valve needle includes a tip and a columnar portion, the columnar portion being located in the valve cavity, and the tip extending from the columnar portion toward the valve port channel; the valve port channel includes a first valve port channel and a second valve port channel, and along the height direction of the expansion valve, the second valve port channel is farther away from the columnar portion relative to the first valve port channel; the expansion valve has a first state, in which the second valve port channel and the valve cavity are both connected to the first valve port channel;
[0007] Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first valve port channel has a first opening at one end near the columnar portion, and the second valve port channel has a second opening at one end near the first valve port channel; a plane perpendicular to the height direction of the expansion valve is defined as a first projection plane, the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the first opening onto the first projection plane is the first projection, the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the second opening onto the first projection plane is the second projection, the second projection is at least partially located within the first projection, and the area enclosed by the first projection is larger than the area enclosed by the second projection.
[0008] In this application, the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the first opening onto the first projection plane is the first projection, and the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the second opening onto the first projection plane is the second projection. The second projection is at least partially located within the first projection, and the area enclosed by the first projection is larger than the area enclosed by the second projection. When the refrigerant flows from the second valve port channel to the first valve port channel, the flow area increases, and the pressure of the refrigerant in the pipe rises rapidly. This can suppress the growth of cavitation bubbles, causing the bubbles to begin to collapse when they are small, thus reducing the high-frequency noise generated by the collapse of large bubbles. Attached Figure Description
[0009] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the expansion valve of this application.
[0010] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the valve port passage.
[0011] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle valve port channel.
[0012] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first opening, the second opening, the third opening, and the fourth opening on the first projection plane.
[0013] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the valve seat and valve port passage.
[0014] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first and second openings on the second projection plane. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The exemplary embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0016] like Figures 1 to 6 The diagram illustrates an expansion valve conforming to this application, comprising a valve seat 1 and a valve needle 2. The valve seat 1 has a valve cavity 3 and a valve port passage 4. The valve needle 2 includes a tip 21 and a cylindrical portion 22, with the tip 21 extending from the cylindrical portion 22 towards the valve port passage 4. The valve needle 2 is at least partially located within the valve cavity 3. The valve port passage 4 includes a first valve port passage 41 and a second valve port passage 42. Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the second valve port passage 42 is located further away from the cylindrical portion 22 relative to the first valve port passage 41. The expansion valve has a first state in which both the second valve port passage 42 and the valve cavity 3 are connected to the first valve port passage 41.
[0017] Specifically, refer to Figure 1The valve seat 1 has a valve cavity 3 and a valve port passage 4. The valve needle 2 is at least partially located in the valve cavity 3. The valve needle 2 can move relative to the valve seat 1, and can move linearly relative to the valve seat 1 along the height direction of the expansion valve. The valve needle 2 includes a tip 21 and a columnar portion 22. The columnar portion 22 is farther away from the tip 21 from the valve port passage 4. The columnar portion 22 serves as a guide, and the tip 21 serves as a throttling function. The valve needle 2 controls the flow rate and opening / closing of the expansion valve by controlling the size of opening or blocking the valve port passage 4 through the tip 21. Figure 1 As shown, the valve port passage 4 includes a first valve port passage 41 and a second valve port passage 42. The first valve port passage 41 and the second valve port passage 42 are connected along the height direction of the expansion valve, and the first valve port passage 41 is closer to the columnar portion 22 than the second valve port passage 42. The first valve port passage 41 and the second valve port passage 42 have the same axis / extend along the same axis. The expansion valve has an open valve state. In the open valve state, the valve chamber 3 and the valve port passage 4 are connected, that is, fluid can enter the valve chamber 3 from the valve port passage 4, or fluid can enter the valve port passage 4 from the valve chamber 3.
[0018] In the operation of an expansion valve used in refrigeration and heating systems, when refrigerant flows into the expansion valve from the first connecting pipe 8, the cross-sectional area of the valve port channel 4 that allows refrigerant to flow becomes smaller. This results in a large pressure difference before and after the refrigerant flows through the first opening 410, which easily leads to phase change and cavitation. The bubbles generated by cavitation are affected by the system operating conditions and undergo a process of formation, growth, aggregation, and collapse within the expansion valve. This process is accompanied by sudden pressure changes, generating noise, such as the sound of bubble bursting, the sound of sound waves generated by bursting bubbles hitting the expansion valve, and the vibration sound of the valve needle. To reduce the above noise, the expansion valve provided in this application has a first valve port channel 41 and a second valve port channel 42.
[0019] In some embodiments, along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first valve port channel 41 has a first opening 410 at one end near the columnar portion 22, and the second valve port channel 42 has a second opening 421 at one end near the first valve port channel 41. A plane perpendicular to the height direction of the expansion valve is defined as the first projection plane S. The orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the first opening 410 onto the first projection plane S is the first projection S1, and the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the second opening 421 onto the first projection plane S is the second projection S2. The second projection S2 is at least partially located within the first projection S1, and the area enclosed by the first projection S1 is larger than the area enclosed by the second projection S2.
[0020] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4The length directions of both the first valve port channel 41 and the second valve port channel 42 are the same as the height direction of the expansion valve. Along the length direction of the first valve port channel 41, the first valve port channel 41 is provided with a first opening 410, which is located at one end of the first valve port channel 41 near the columnar portion 22. The second valve port channel 42 is provided with a second opening 421, which is located at one end of the second valve port channel 42 near the first valve port channel 41. The plane perpendicular to the height direction of the expansion valve is defined as the first projection plane S. The inner wall corresponding to the first opening 410 and the inner wall corresponding to the second opening 421 form projections in the first projection plane S. The orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the first opening 410 in the first projection plane S is S1, and the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the second opening 421 in the first projection plane S is S2. S1 > S2, and in the first plane S, the second projection S2 is at least partially located within the first projection S1. That is, the diameter of the first opening 410 is larger than the diameter of the second opening 421, which increases the flow area of the refrigerant. This helps to reduce the drastic pressure fluctuations caused by the sudden drop in the flow cross-sectional area of the refrigerant and maintain the dynamic balance of fluid pressure in the valve port channel 4.
[0021] In some embodiments, the first valve port passage 41 includes a first flow guide passage 411 and a second flow guide passage 412. Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the second flow guide passage 412 is farther away from the columnar portion 22 relative to the first flow guide passage 411, and the flow cross-sectional area of the second flow guide passage 412 is smaller than the flow cross-sectional area of the first flow guide passage 411. The first flow guide passage 411 and the second flow guide passage 412 are connected. In the first state of the expansion valve, the second flow guide passage 412 is connected to the second valve port passage 42.
[0022] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first valve port passage 41 includes a first guide channel 411 and a second guide channel 412. The first guide channel 411 and the second guide channel 412 are connected and coaxially arranged. Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first guide channel 411 and the second guide channel 412 extend along the same axis. In the first state of the expansion valve, the second guide channel 412 is connected to the second valve port passage 42. The first flow channel 411 has a first opening 410. The first flow channel 411 and the second flow channel 412 are straight channels, that is, the first flow channel 411 and the second flow channel 412 both have the same flow cross-sectional area. In other words, when the refrigerant flows in the first flow channel 411 and the second flow channel 412, the flow can flow along the height direction of the expansion valve in the first flow channel 411 and the second flow channel 412, and can ensure that the fluid force flows in the first flow channel 411 or the second flow channel 412 respectively.
[0023] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The flow cross-sectional area of the second guide channel 412 is smaller than that of the first guide channel 411. Here, the flow cross-sectional area refers to the cross-sectional area of the first guide channel 411 and the second guide channel 412 perpendicular to the length direction of the expansion valve. The first guide channel 411 and the second guide channel 412 are arranged in a stepped shape, that is, the first valve port channel 41 forms a multi-step cylindrical channel. It should be noted that the first guide channel 411 and the second guide channel 412 are not limited to a vertical stepped structure; the inner walls of the corresponding first guide channel 411 and the second guide channel 412 can also be set at an obtuse angle to the height direction of the expansion valve. When the refrigerant flows from the second guide channel 412 to the first guide channel 411, the flow area of the refrigerant suddenly increases, allowing for faster pressure recovery. This suppresses the growth and expansion of bubbles, causing cavitation bubbles to collapse when they are small in size and few in number, reducing the cavitation bubble noise caused by the collapse of large bubbles.
[0024] In some embodiments, the expansion valve includes a first support surface 413 and a first connecting surface 414. Both the first connecting surface 413 and the first supporting surface 414 are wall surfaces corresponding to the first flow channel 411. Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first connecting surface 414 is located between the first flow channel 411 and the second flow channel 412. The first supporting surface 413 is connected to the first connecting surface 414, and the first connecting surface 414 is perpendicular to the height direction of the expansion valve. An angle α is formed between the first supporting surface 413 and the first connecting surface 414, which is greater than or equal to 90°. The expansion valve also includes a second supporting surface 416 and a second connecting surface 417. Both the first connecting surface 414 and the second connecting surface 417 are connected to the second supporting surface 416. Both the second supporting surface 416 and the second connecting surface 417 are wall surfaces corresponding to the second flow channel 412. An angle β is formed between the second supporting surface 416 and the second connecting surface 417, which is greater than or equal to 90°.
[0025] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 The first support surface 413 and the first connecting surface 414 are the inner walls corresponding to the first flow channel 411. The first connecting surface 414 is perpendicular to the height direction of the expansion valve. In this embodiment, the first support surface 413 is parallel to the height direction of the expansion valve, and the included angle α between the first support surface 413 and the first connecting surface 414 is 90°. The second support surface 416 and the second connecting surface 417 are both walls corresponding to the second flow channel 412. The second connecting surface 417 is perpendicular to the height direction of the expansion valve, that is, the second connecting surface 417 is parallel to the first connecting surface 414. Figure 2 As shown, both the first connecting surface 414 and the second connecting surface 417 are connected to the second supporting surface 416, and the included angle β between the second supporting surface 416 and the second connecting surface 417 is 90°.
[0026] It should be noted that the included angle α between the first support surface 413 and the first connecting surface 414 can also be greater than 90°, and the included angle β between the second support surface 416 and the second connecting surface 417 can also be greater than 90°. Different degrees of included angle α and included angle β can be combined in pairs, and there is no restriction here.
[0027] In some embodiments, the first connecting surface 414 has a through-hole 415. Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the 415 is located at one end of the first flow channel 411. The 415 is closer to the second valve port channel 42 than the first opening 410. The second connecting surface 417 has a second opening 421. The diameter of the first opening 410 is d1, the diameter of the second opening 421 is d2, and the diameter of the 415 is d3, wherein d1>d3>d2.
[0028] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first flow channel 411 has a flow port 415, which is disposed on the first connecting surface 414. The flow port 415 and the first opening 410 are respectively located at both ends of the first flow channel 411. The second flow channel 412 has a second opening 421. (Refer to...) Figure 3 Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the guide port 415 is located between the first opening 410 and the second opening 421. The first opening 410 is closer to the tip 21 of the valve needle 2 than the second opening 421. The diameter d1 of the first opening 410 is larger than the diameter d3 of the guide port 415, and the diameter d3 of the guide port 415 is larger than the diameter d2 of the second opening 421, that is, d1>d3>d2. When the refrigerant flows from the first cavity 81 into the second cavity 91, the flow area of the refrigerant gradually increases, which gradually slows down the flow velocity of the refrigerant. This reduces the flow velocity of the refrigerant when it flows through the first opening 410, and increases the static pressure of the fluid flowing through the first guide channel 411. This reduces the probability of fluid cavitation bubble precipitation, hinders the generation of noise, and produces a better noise reduction effect.
[0029] In some embodiments, the valve port passage 4 includes a third valve port passage 43, which communicates with the second valve port passage 42. Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the second valve port passage 42 is located between the first valve port passage 41 and the third valve port passage 43. The third valve port passage 43 has a third opening 431 and a fourth opening 432. Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the third opening 431 and the fourth opening 432 are located at opposite ends of the third valve port passage 43, with the third opening 431 being closer to the second opening 421 than the fourth opening 432. The orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the third opening 431 onto the first projection plane S is a third projection S3, and the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the fourth opening 432 onto the first projection plane S is a fourth projection S4. The third projection S3 is at least partially located within the fourth projection S4, and the area enclosed by the fourth projection S4 is larger than the area enclosed by the third projection S3.
[0030] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 The valve passage 4 includes a third valve passage 43, which communicates with the second valve passage 42 and the first cavity 81. The third valve passage 43 is located between the second valve passage 42 and the first cavity 81, and is further away from the first valve passage 41 relative to the second valve passage 42. The third valve passage 43 has a third opening 431 and a fourth opening 432 at both ends, with the third opening 431 located at the end closer to the second valve passage 42. The third valve passage 43, the first valve passage 41, and the second valve passage 42 are all coaxially arranged, extending along the same axis along the height direction of the expansion valve.
[0031] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The inner walls corresponding to the third opening 431 and the fourth opening 432 form projections in the first projection plane S. The area of the orthographic projection S3 formed by the inner wall of the third opening 431 in the first projection plane S is smaller than the area of the orthographic projection S4 formed by the inner wall of the fourth opening 432 in the first projection plane S, and S3 is located within S4. (Refer to...) Figure 4 Within the first projection plane S, S3 and S4 are concentric circles, and the third opening 431 and the fourth opening 432 are coaxially arranged. Within the first projection plane, S1, S2, S3, and S4 are all concentric circles, meaning that the centers of the first opening 410, the second opening 421, the third opening 431, and the fourth opening 432 are on the same straight line.
[0032] In some embodiments, the third valve port channel 43 is funnel-shaped along the height direction of the expansion valve, and the flow cross-sectional area of the second valve port channel 42 is a fixed value.
[0033] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the second valve port passage 42 has a uniform flow cross-sectional area. In other words, when fluid can flow through the second valve port passage 42, the refrigerant can flow along the length direction of the second valve port passage 42, and when the refrigerant flows through the second valve port passage 42, the refrigerant maintains a uniform and consistent flow surface in the second valve port passage 42. Figure 2 As shown, the third valve port channel 43 is a trumpet-shaped channel. The smaller end of the third valve port channel 43 is close to the second valve port channel 42, and the flow cross-section of the third valve port channel 43 gradually increases in the direction away from the second valve port channel 42. It should be noted that the flow cross-section of the third valve port channel 43 is defined as the projection of the arcuate sidewall forming the third valve port channel 43 onto the first projection plane S. In other words, the projection of the arcuate sidewall forming the third valve port channel 43 onto the first projection plane S is a ring. The flow cross-sectional area of the third valve port channel 43 gradually increases and is larger than that of the second valve port channel 42, which is beneficial to increase the refrigerant flow rate. At the same time, when the refrigerant flows from the first pipe cavity 81 into the third valve port channel 43, the flow area gradually decreases, avoiding sudden pressure drops and reducing the generation of cavitation bubble noise. In some embodiments, the valve seat 1 includes a bearing seat 5 and a body portion 6. The bearing seat 5 is at least partially located within the body portion 6 and is fixedly connected to the body portion 6. The bearing seat 5 has an inner cavity 7, which at least partially forms the valve cavity 3. The inner cavity 7 includes a first cavity 71 and a second cavity 72. Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first cavity 71 penetrates the bearing housing 5, and the valve needle 2 is at least partially located in the first cavity 71. The expansion valve has a first direction, which is perpendicular to the height direction of the expansion valve. Along the first direction, the second cavity 72 penetrates the cavity wall of the first cavity 71, and the first cavity 71 and the second cavity 72 are in communication.
[0034] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 The bearing housing 5 is located within the body portion 6 and is fixedly connected to the body portion 6. The bearing housing 5 has an inner cavity 7, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the inner cavity 7 includes a first cavity 71 and a second cavity 72. The first cavity 71 extends through the bearing housing 5 along the height direction of the expansion valve. A portion of the inner wall of the bearing housing 5 forms the cavity wall of the first cavity 71. The columnar portion 22 of the valve needle 2 is located in the first cavity 71. The direction perpendicular to the height direction of the expansion valve is defined as the first direction X1. (Refer to...) Figure 5 In the diagram, the line marked with an arrow indicates the first direction X1, and the second chamber 72 extends along the first direction X1, meaning that the first chamber 71 and the second chamber 72 are arranged perpendicularly. When the expansion valve is open, the first chamber 71 and the second chamber 72 are connected, allowing refrigerant to flow between them.
[0035] In some embodiments, the second cavity 72 has a first opening 721 and a second opening 722, and along the first direction X1, the valve needle 2 is closer to the second opening 722 than the first opening 721. A plane perpendicular to the first direction X1 is defined as the second projection plane Z, and the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the first opening 721 onto the second projection plane Z is greater than the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the second opening 722 onto the second projection plane Z.
[0036] Specifically, the walls of the second cavity form a first opening 721 and a second opening 722. Along the first direction X1, a plane perpendicular to the first direction X1 is defined as the second projection plane Z. (Refer to...) Figure 6 The orthographic projections formed by the first opening 721 and the second opening 722 within the second projection plane Z are as follows: Figure 6 As shown. The area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the first opening 721 onto the second projection plane Z is larger than the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the second opening 722 onto the second projection plane Z. Furthermore, the orthographic projection of the first opening 721 is located within the orthographic projection of the second opening 722, meaning that the end of the bearing seat 5 closest to the valve cavity 3 protrudes into the valve cavity. In this embodiment, the bearing seat 5 and the body 6 are laser-welded. When the refrigerant flows through the expansion valve, because one end of the bearing seat 5 protrudes into the valve cavity, the refrigerant first impacts the bearing seat, and then impacts the valve needle 2. Since the bearing seat 5 is fixedly connected to the body 6, the impact of the refrigerant on the bearing seat 5 will not affect the valve needle 2. After impacting the bearing seat 5, the pressure of the refrigerant will decrease significantly, which will significantly reduce the impact force on the valve needle 2, thereby reducing the vibration of the valve needle 2 and weakening the vibration sound of the valve needle 2.
[0037] In some embodiments, the bearing housing 5 includes a guide surface 51 along a first direction X1. The guide surface 51 has a first end 511 and a second end 512 opposite to each other. The first end 511 is farther away from the valve needle 2 relative to the second end 512. The first end 511 is the wall surface corresponding to the first port 721, and the second end 512 is the wall surface corresponding to the second port 722. Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first end 511 is farther away from the valve port channel 4 relative to the second end 512. The guide surface 51 is an arc-shaped surface, and the side of the guide surface 51 facing the valve cavity 3 is concave. The first cavity 71 includes a valve needle guide hole 52 through which the valve needle 2 passes. The valve needle guide hole 52 is coaxially arranged with the valve port channel 4.
[0038] Specifically, the guide surface 51 has a first end 511 and a second end 512. Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first end 511 is farther away from the valve port channel 4 relative to the second end 512. Along the first direction X1, the first end 511 is farther away from the valve needle 2 relative to the second end 512. The wall surface of the first end 511 forms a first opening 721, and the wall surface of the second end 512 forms a second opening 722. That is, the first opening 721 is farther away from the valve needle 2 relative to the second opening 722. Further, the guide surface 51 is an arc-shaped surface, with the concave surface of the guide surface 51 facing the valve cavity 3. However, the shape of the guide surface 51 is not limited to a concave arc-shaped surface; the guide surface 51 can also be an inclined surface. The first cavity 71 includes a valve needle guide hole 52, which has the same axis as the valve port channel 4. The valve needle 2 cooperates with the valve needle guide hole 52 to regulate the flow of the expansion valve. The expansion valve has an open state and a closed state. In the open state of the expansion valve, the first chamber 71, the second chamber 72 and the valve passage 4 are connected. In the closed state of the expansion valve, the valve needle 2 blocks the valve needle guide hole 52, and the first chamber 71 and the second chamber 72 are not connected. That is, the refrigerant cannot enter the valve chamber 3 from the valve passage 4, or the refrigerant cannot enter the valve passage 4 from the valve chamber 3.
[0039] In this embodiment, the guide surface 51 is set as an arc-shaped surface, which can reduce flow resistance and suppress the generation of eddies, thereby reducing turbulent noise. Whether the refrigerant flows into the valve chamber 3 from the first cavity 81 or the second cavity 91, the bearing seat 5 can guide the flow of the refrigerant through the guide surface 51, making the flow of the refrigerant in the valve chamber 3 smoother and preventing the refrigerant from directly impacting the bearing seat 5 when flowing into the valve chamber 3. The guide surface 51 can reduce the turbulent dissipation of the refrigerant, thereby further reducing flow resistance and suppressing the generation of eddies, thus reducing turbulent noise.
[0040] In some embodiments, the bearing housing 5 includes a bearing housing sealing surface 53 and a bearing housing guide surface 54, both of which are connected to a flow guiding surface 51. Along the first direction X1, the flow guiding surface 51 is located between the bearing housing sealing surface 53 and the bearing housing guide surface 54. The outer surface of the bearing housing is the bearing housing sealing surface 53, which is sealed to the inner surface of the body portion 6. The inner surface of the bearing housing 5 is the bearing housing guide surface 54, and at least a portion of the bearing housing guide surface 54 forms the cavity wall of the first cavity 71. The bearing housing guide surface 54 forms a valve needle guide hole 52. Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the valve needle guide hole 52 is located at one end of the bearing housing guide surface 54 near the valve port channel 4, and at least a portion of the valve needle columnar portion 22 contacts the bearing housing guide surface 54.
[0041] Specifically, the bearing housing 5 includes a bearing housing sealing surface 53 and a bearing housing guide surface 54. The bearing housing sealing surface 53 is the outer surface of the bearing housing 5, and the bearing housing guide surface 54 is the inner surface of the bearing housing 5. A portion of the bearing housing guide surface 54 forms a first cavity 71, that is, a portion of the bearing housing guide surface 54 forms the cavity wall of the first cavity 71. Correspondingly, along the height direction of the expansion valve, the bearing housing guide surface 54 has two opposing ends. The end of the bearing housing guide surface 54 near the valve port channel 4 forms a valve needle guide hole 52. The outer surface of the bearing housing 5 is the bearing housing sealing surface 53, which is connected to the guide surface 51. The bearing housing guide surface 54 is also connected to the guide surface 51. Along the first direction X1, the guide surface 51 is located between the bearing housing sealing surface 53 and the bearing housing guide surface 54. The first end 511 of the guide surface 51 is connected to the bearing housing sealing surface 53, and the second end 512 of the guide surface 51 is connected to the bearing housing guide surface 54. The bearing housing guide surface 54 serves as a guide. The valve needle 2 is located within the first cavity 71. During system operation, the valve needle 2 moves relative to the body part 6 within the first cavity 71. Furthermore, the columnar portion 22 of the valve needle 2 can cooperate with the bearing housing guide surface 54, allowing the valve needle 2 to move linearly relative to the body part 6 along the direction of the bearing housing guide surface 54. The bearing housing sealing surface 53 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the body part 6, ensuring the sealing effect of the expansion valve.
[0042] In some embodiments, the expansion valve includes a first connecting section 8 and a second connecting section 9. The first connecting section 8 has a first cavity 81, and the second connecting section 9 has a second cavity 91. Both the first cavity 81 and the second cavity 91 communicate with the valve cavity 3. Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first connecting section 8 is located on one side of the bearing housing 5, and the first connecting section 8 is located away from the valve cavity 3 relative to the valve port passage 4. Along the first direction X1, the second connecting section 9 is located on one side of the bearing housing 5. The valve port passage 4 is located between the first cavity 81 and the second cavity 72, and the second cavity 91 communicates with the second cavity 72.
[0043] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 Both the first connecting part 8 and the second connecting part 9 are fixedly connected to the valve seat 1, and both the first connecting part 8 and the second connecting part 9 are connected to the valve cavity 3, that is, both the first pipe cavity 81 and the second pipe cavity 91 are connected to the valve cavity 3. One of the first pipe cavity 81 and the second pipe cavity 91 is the refrigerant inlet channel and the other is the refrigerant outlet channel. During the operation of the expansion valve, the refrigerant can flow into the valve cavity 3 from the inlet channel and finally flow out of the valve cavity 3 from the outlet channel.
[0044] The technical principles of this application have been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that these descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application in any way. Based on this explanation, other technical solutions or equivalent substitutions of this application that can be conceived by those skilled in the art without creative effort will fall within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. An expansion valve, comprising a valve seat (1) and a valve needle (2), wherein the valve seat (1) is provided with a valve cavity (3) and a valve port passage (4), characterized in that: The valve needle (2) includes a tip (21) and a columnar portion (22), the tip (21) extending from the columnar portion (22) toward the valve port channel (4), and the valve needle (2) is at least partially located in the valve cavity (3); the valve port channel (4) includes a first valve port channel (41) and a second valve port channel (42), and along the height direction of the expansion valve, the second valve port channel (42) is away from the columnar portion (22) relative to the first valve port channel (41); the expansion valve has a first state, in which the second valve port channel (42) and the valve cavity (3) are both in communication with the first valve port channel (41); Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first valve port channel (41) has a first opening (410) at one end near the columnar part (22), and the second valve port channel (42) has a second opening (421) at one end near the first valve port channel (41). A plane perpendicular to the height direction of the expansion valve is defined as the first projection plane (S). The orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the first opening (410) onto the first projection plane is the first projection (S1). The orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the second opening (421) onto the first projection plane is the second projection (S2). The second projection (S2) is at least partially located within the first projection (S1), and the area enclosed by the first projection (S1) is larger than the area enclosed by the second projection (S2).
2. The expansion valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first valve port channel (41) includes a first flow guide channel (411) and a second flow guide channel (412). Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the second flow guide channel (412) is farther away from the columnar part (22) relative to the first flow guide channel (411), and the flow cross-sectional area of the second flow guide channel (412) is smaller than the flow cross-sectional area of the first flow guide channel (411). The first flow channel (411) is connected to the second flow channel (412). In the first state, the second flow channel (412) is connected to the second valve port channel (42).
3. The expansion valve as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The expansion valve includes a first support surface (413) and a first connecting surface (414). Both the first connecting surface (414) and the first support surface (413) are wall surfaces corresponding to the first flow channel (411). Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first connecting surface (414) is located between the first flow channel (411) and the second flow channel (412). The first support surface (413) is connected to the first connecting surface (414). The first connecting surface (414) is perpendicular to the height direction of the expansion valve. An angle α is formed between the first support surface (413) and the first connecting surface (414), and the angle α is greater than or equal to 90°. The expansion valve includes a second support surface (416) and a second connecting surface (417). The first connecting surface (414) and the second connecting surface (417) are both connected to the second support surface (416). The second support surface (416) and the second connecting surface (417) are both walls corresponding to the second flow channel (412). An included angle β is formed between the second support surface (416) and the second connecting surface (417), and the included angle β is greater than or equal to 90°.
4. The expansion valve as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The first connecting surface (414) has a through-hole (415) and the through-hole (415) is located at one end of the first guide channel (411) along the height direction of the expansion valve. The through-hole (415) is close to the second valve port channel (42) relative to the first opening (410). The second connecting surface (417) is provided with the second opening (421). The diameter of the first opening (410) is d1, the diameter of the second opening (421) is d2, and the diameter of the guide port (415) is d3, wherein: d1>d3>d2.
5. The expansion valve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The valve port channel (4) includes a third valve port channel (43), which communicates with the second valve port channel (42). Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the second valve port channel (42) is located between the first valve port channel (41) and the third valve port channel (43). The third valve port channel (43) has a third opening (431) and a fourth opening (432). Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the third opening (431) and the fourth opening (432) are located at both ends of the third valve port channel (43). The third opening (431) is closer to the second opening (421) than the fourth opening (432). The orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the third opening (431) onto the first projection plane (S) is the third projection (S3), and the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the fourth opening (432) onto the first projection plane (S) is the fourth projection (S4). The third projection (S3) is at least partially located within the fourth projection (S4), and the area enclosed by the fourth projection (S4) is larger than the area enclosed by the third projection (S3).
6. The expansion valve as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the third valve port channel (43) is arranged in a trumpet shape, and the flow cross-sectional area of the second valve port channel (42) is a fixed value.
7. The expansion valve as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The valve seat (1) includes a bearing seat (5) and a body part (6), the bearing seat (5) is at least partially located inside the body part (6), and the bearing seat (5) is fixedly connected to the body part (6); the bearing seat (5) has an inner cavity (7), and the inner cavity (7) at least partially forms the valve cavity (3); The inner cavity (7) includes a first cavity (71) and a second cavity (72). Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first cavity (71) penetrates the bearing seat (5), and the valve needle (2) is at least partially located in the first cavity (71). The expansion valve has a first direction, which is perpendicular to the height direction of the expansion valve. Along the first direction, the second cavity (72) penetrates the cavity wall of the first cavity (71), and the first cavity (71) and the second cavity (72) communicate with each other. The second cavity (72) has a first opening (721) and a second opening (722). Along the first direction, the valve needle (2) is closer to the second opening (722) than the first opening (721). The plane perpendicular to the first direction is defined as the second projection plane (Z). The area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the first opening (721) onto the second projection plane (Z) is greater than the area enclosed by the orthographic projection of the inner wall corresponding to the second opening (722) onto the second projection plane (Z).
8. The expansion valve as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The bearing housing (5) includes a guide surface (51). Along the first direction, the guide surface (51) has a first end (511) and a second end (512) that are opposite to each other. The first end (511) is away from the valve needle (2) relative to the second end (512). The first end (511) is the wall surface corresponding to the first port (721), and the second end (512) is the wall surface corresponding to the second port (722). Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first end (511) is away from the valve port channel (4) relative to the second end (512). The guide surface (51) is an arc-shaped surface. The guide surface (51) is a concave arc-shaped surface. The side of the guide surface (51) facing the valve cavity (3) is a concave surface. The first cavity (71) includes a valve needle guide hole (52), through which the valve needle (2) passes, and the valve needle guide hole (52) is coaxially arranged with the valve port channel (4).
9. The expansion valve as described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The bearing housing (5) includes a bearing housing sealing surface (53) and a bearing housing guide surface (54). Both the bearing housing sealing surface (53) and the bearing housing guide surface (54) are connected to the flow guiding surface (51). Along the first direction, the flow guiding surface (51) is located between the bearing housing sealing surface (53) and the bearing housing guide surface (54). The outer surface of the bearing housing is the bearing housing sealing surface (53), and the bearing housing sealing surface (53) is sealed to the inner surface of the body part (6). The inner surface of the bearing housing (5) is the bearing housing guide surface (54), and at least part of the bearing housing guide surface (54) is the cavity wall of the first cavity (71); the bearing housing guide surface (54) surrounds the valve needle guide hole (52), and along the height direction of the expansion valve, the valve needle guide hole (52) is located at one end of the bearing housing guide surface (54) near the valve port channel (4), and the valve needle columnar part (22) is at least partially in contact with the bearing housing guide surface (54).
10. The expansion valve as described in any one of claims 9, characterized in that: The expansion valve includes a first connecting part (8) and a second connecting part (9). The first connecting part (8) has a first cavity (81), and the second connecting part (9) has a second cavity (91). Both the first cavity (81) and the second cavity (91) are connected to the valve cavity (3). Along the height direction of the expansion valve, the first connecting part (8) is located on one side of the bearing seat (5). The first connecting part (8) is far away from the valve cavity (3) relative to the valve port channel (4). Along the first direction, the second connecting part (9) is located on one side of the bearing seat (5). The valve port channel (4) is located between the first cavity (81) and the second cavity (72). The second cavity (91) is connected to the second cavity (72).