Steering difference compensation method and system for atom magnetometer

Abstract

The invention provides a steering difference compensation method and system for an atom magnetometer, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a stable magnetic field space, enabling a three-axis magnetometer to be in rigid connection with the atom magnetometer, and calibrating the rotation angle of the atom magnetometer relative to the magnetic field direction through the three-axis magnetometer; performing spatial 360-degree rotation in a stable magnetic field space, recording a magnetic field value corresponding to each angle, totally obtaining a 360-degree steering difference distribution curve of the atom magnetometer, and burning the curve into a signal processor; in actual use, according to the real-time included angle between the atom magnetometer and the magnetic field and the actual magnetic field value corresponding to the included angle, the signal processor calls the steering difference distribution curve, obtains the steering difference under the included angle, processes the steering difference of the compensation atom magnetometer, and obtains the magnetic field value after the steering difference is compensated. According to the technical scheme, the technical problems that in the prior art, an atom magnetometer is high in production cost and large in assembly difficulty are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetic sensing technology, and in particular to a method and system for compensating for the directional difference of an atomic magnetometer. Background Technology

[0002] Atomic magnetometers, as one of the most sensitive magnetic sensing technologies currently available, have been widely applied in fields such as biomagnetic imaging, geological exploration, fundamental physics research, and non-destructive testing. However, atomic magnetometers exhibit systematic deviations in readings when measuring the same constant magnetic field under different orientations. These deviations are mainly influenced by factors such as the non-orthogonality error of the physical system, null deviation, pump light asymmetry, and the environmental magnetic gradient field. Traditional solutions, such as optimizing the optical system, have resulted in high production costs and complex assembly for atomic magnetometers. Therefore, a simple compensation technique is needed to simplify the process of compensating for the orientation difference. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a method and system for compensating for the directional difference of an atomic magnetometer, which can solve the technical problems of high production cost and difficult assembly of atomic magnetometers in the prior art.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for compensating the orientation difference of an atomic magnetometer is provided. The method includes: constructing a stable magnetic field space; rigidly connecting a triaxial magnetometer and an atomic magnetometer; calibrating the rotation angle of the atomic magnetometer relative to the magnetic field direction using the triaxial magnetometer; performing a 360° spatial rotation within the stable magnetic field space, with rotation angle steps of 0.01°; recording the magnetic field value corresponding to each angle; obtaining a 360° orientation difference distribution curve of the atomic magnetometer; and burning the curve into a signal processor. In actual use, based on the real-time angle between the atomic magnetometer and the magnetic field and the actual magnetic field value corresponding to that angle, the signal processor calls the orientation difference distribution curve to obtain the orientation difference at that angle, processes and compensates the orientation difference of the atomic magnetometer, and obtains the magnetic field value after compensation for the orientation difference.

[0005] Furthermore, the construction of a stable magnetic field space specifically includes: using a magnetic shielding barrel to shield external magnetic field interference, reducing the magnetic noise in the environment to 1pT; and arranging a three-dimensional magnetic field generating coil in the space to achieve the generation of a magnetic field of 0-100000nT in the environment.

[0006] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the angle of a triaxial magnetometer is as follows: Among them, B x B represents the magnitude of the magnetic field along the x-axis of the triaxial magnetometer. y B represents the magnitude of the magnetic field along the y-axis of the triaxial magnetometer. z This represents the magnitude of the magnetic field along the z-axis of the triaxial magnetometer.

[0007] Furthermore, the triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer are fixedly connected by a fixed structural rod, and a non-magnetic turntable is connected to the fixed structural rod, so that the triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer can be rotated through the non-magnetic turntable.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present invention, an atomic magnetometer steering difference compensation system is provided for implementing the atomic magnetometer steering difference compensation method described above.

[0009] Furthermore, the atomic magnetometer steering difference compensation system includes: a magnetic shielding barrel, a three-dimensional magnetic field generating coil, a triaxial magnetometer, an atomic magnetometer, a fixed structural rod, a non-magnetic turntable, and a signal processor. The magnetic shielding barrel is used to shield against external magnetic field interference. The three-dimensional magnetic field generating coil is used to generate a magnetic field of 0-100000 nT in the environment. The triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer are fixedly connected by the fixed structural rod. The non-magnetic turntable is connected to the fixed structural rod and rotates the triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer through the non-magnetic turntable. The signal processor is used to store the steering difference distribution curve and realize the steering difference compensation of the atomic magnetometer.

[0010] The present invention provides a method for compensating for the directional error of an atomic magnetometer. This method rigidly connects a triaxial magnetometer and an atomic magnetometer. The triaxial magnetometer calibrates the rotation angle of the atomic magnetometer relative to the magnetic field direction. The atomic magnetometer is then rotated 360° within a stable magnetic field space, with rotation angle steps of 0.01° (accuracy determined by a non-magnetic turntable). The magnetic field value corresponding to each angle is recorded, resulting in a 360° directional error distribution curve for the atomic magnetometer. This curve is then programmed into a signal processor. In practical use, the directional error of the atomic magnetometer is compensated by backend data processing based on the real-time angle with the magnetic field. This method effectively compensates for the directional error, is simple, and low-cost, and can effectively solve the technical problems of high production costs and difficult assembly caused by optimizing optical systems in existing technologies. Detailed Implementation

[0011] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0013] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0014] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for compensating the orientation difference of an atomic magnetometer is provided. This method includes: constructing a stable magnetic field space; rigidly connecting a triaxial magnetometer and an atomic magnetometer; calibrating the rotation angle of the atomic magnetometer relative to the magnetic field direction using the triaxial magnetometer; performing a 360° spatial rotation within the stable magnetic field space, with rotation angle steps of 0.01°; recording the magnetic field value corresponding to each angle; obtaining a 360° orientation difference distribution curve for the atomic magnetometer; and burning this curve into a signal processor. In actual use, based on the real-time angle between the atomic magnetometer and the magnetic field and the actual magnetic field value corresponding to that angle, the signal processor calls the orientation difference distribution curve to obtain the orientation difference at that angle, processes and compensates for the orientation difference of the atomic magnetometer, and obtains the magnetic field value after compensation.

[0015] This configuration provides a method for compensating for the directional error of an atomic magnetometer. The method rigidly connects a triaxial magnetometer and an atomic magnetometer. The triaxial magnetometer calibrates the rotation angle of the atomic magnetometer relative to the magnetic field direction. The atomic magnetometer then rotates 360° within a stable magnetic field space, with rotation angle steps of 0.01° (accuracy determined by a non-magnetic turntable). The magnetic field value corresponding to each angle is recorded, resulting in a 360° directional error distribution curve for the atomic magnetometer. This curve is then programmed into a signal processor. In practical use, the directional error of the atomic magnetometer is compensated by backend data processing based on the real-time angle with the magnetic field. This method effectively compensates for the directional error, is simple, and low-cost, and can effectively solve the technical problems of high production costs and difficult assembly caused by optimizing optical systems in existing technologies.

[0016] Furthermore, in this invention, constructing a stable magnetic field space specifically includes: using a magnetic shielding barrel to shield external magnetic field interference, reducing the magnetic noise in the environment to 1pT; and arranging a three-dimensional magnetic field generating coil in the space to achieve the generation of a 0-100000nT magnetic field in the environment.

[0017] The formula for calculating the angle of a triaxial magnetometer is as follows: Among them, B x B represents the magnitude of the magnetic field along the x-axis of the triaxial magnetometer. y B represents the magnitude of the magnetic field along the y-axis of the triaxial magnetometer. z This represents the magnitude of the magnetic field along the z-axis of the triaxial magnetometer.

[0018] Furthermore, in this invention, the triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer are fixedly connected by a fixed structural rod, and a non-magnetic turntable is connected to the fixed structural rod, thereby enabling the triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer to rotate through the non-magnetic turntable.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present invention, an atomic magnetometer steering difference compensation system is provided, which is used to implement the atomic magnetometer steering difference compensation method described above. The atomic magnetometer steering difference compensation system includes: a magnetic shielding barrel, a three-dimensional magnetic field generating coil, a triaxial magnetometer, an atomic magnetometer, a fixed structural rod, a non-magnetic turntable, and a signal processor. The magnetic shielding barrel is used to shield against external magnetic field interference. The three-dimensional magnetic field generating coil is used to generate a magnetic field of 0-100000 nT within the environment. The triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer are fixedly connected via the fixed structural rod. The non-magnetic turntable is connected to the fixed structural rod, and the rotation of the triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer is achieved via the non-magnetic turntable. The signal processor is used to store the steering difference distribution curve and to implement the steering difference compensation of the atomic magnetometer.

[0020] This configuration provides an atomic magnetometer yaw rate compensation system. The system rigidly connects a triaxial magnetometer and an atomic magnetometer. The triaxial magnetometer calibrates the atomic magnetometer's rotation angle relative to the magnetic field direction. The atomic magnetometer then rotates 360° within a stable magnetic field space, with rotation angle steps of 0.01° (accuracy determined by a non-magnetic turntable). The magnetic field value corresponding to each angle is recorded, resulting in a 360° yaw rate distribution curve for the atomic magnetometer. This curve is then programmed into a signal processor. In practical use, the backend data processing compensates for the atomic magnetometer's yaw rate based on the real-time angle with the magnetic field. This method effectively compensates for yaw rate deviations, is simple, and low-cost, and effectively solves the technical problems of high production costs and difficult assembly associated with existing technologies that optimize optical systems.

[0021] To gain a further understanding of the present invention, the atomic magnetometer orientation difference compensation method provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0022] This invention develops a rotational error compensation technology for atomic magnetometers. The rotational error of an atomic magnetometer is closely related to its rotation angle relative to a magnetic field. A triaxial magnetometer and an atomic magnetometer are rigidly connected. The rotation angle of the atomic magnetometer relative to the magnetic field direction is calibrated by the triaxial magnetometer. The atomic magnetometer is rotated 360° in space within a stable magnetic field, with rotation angle steps of 0.01° (accuracy determined by a non-magnetic turntable). The magnetic field value corresponding to each angle is recorded, and the overall 360° rotational error distribution curve of the atomic magnetometer is obtained. This curve is burned into a signal processor. In actual use, the rotational error of the atomic magnetometer is compensated by backend data processing based on the real-time angle with the magnetic field.

[0023] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the rotation difference distribution curve is programmed into the signal processor. During actual use, the rotation angle of the atomic magnetometer relative to the magnetic field direction is measured in real time to be 10°. At this time, the output magnetic field of the atomic magnetometer is 5001 nT. According to the curve, when the angle with the magnetic field is 10°, the rotation difference of the atomic magnetometer is -1 nT. When the rotation angle is 10°, 1 nT should be subtracted from the output magnetic field of the atomic magnetometer, resulting in an output of 5000 nT, thus completing the compensation of the atomic magnetometer's output magnetic field.

[0024] This scheme requires a stable magnetic field space, a triaxial magnetometer, a fixed structural rod, an atomic magnetometer, and a signal processor. The stable magnetic field space is provided by a magnetically shielded container, a triaxial magnetic field generating coil, and a current source. The triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer are rigidly fixed by the fixed structural rod to ensure that their rotation angles are consistent. The signal processor is used to record the relationship curve between the rotation angle and the direction difference of the atomic magnetometer and to compensate the output magnetic field of the atomic magnetometer in real time.

[0025] Formula for calculating the angle of a triaxial magnetometer:

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] Among them, B x B represents the magnitude of the magnetic field along the x-axis of the triaxial magnetometer. y B represents the magnitude of the magnetic field along the y-axis of the triaxial magnetometer. z This represents the magnitude of the magnetic field along the z-axis of the triaxial magnetometer.

[0029] The atomic magnetometer compensation curve is a ternary function, and it is related to θ. x θ y θ z Related. Each set of θ x θ y θ z Each corresponds to a compensation magnetic field value.

[0030] Test environment setup requirements

[0031] The stable magnetic field space used in this invention needs to be 2×2×2m. 3 The outermost layer of the space uses no less than five layers of permalloy plate to construct a magnetically shielded environment, shielding against external magnetic field interference and reducing the magnetic noise within the environment to 1pT. Three-dimensional magnetic field generating coils are arranged in the space to generate a magnetic field of 0-100000nT within the environment.

[0032] In summary, this invention provides a method for compensating for the directional error of an atomic magnetometer. This method rigidly connects a triaxial magnetometer and an atomic magnetometer. The triaxial magnetometer calibrates the rotation angle of the atomic magnetometer relative to the magnetic field direction. The atomic magnetometer is then rotated 360° within a stable magnetic field space, with rotation angle steps of 0.01° (accuracy determined by a non-magnetic turntable). The magnetic field value corresponding to each angle is recorded, resulting in a 360° directional error distribution curve for the atomic magnetometer. This curve is then programmed into a signal processor. In practical use, the directional error of the atomic magnetometer is compensated by backend data processing based on the real-time angle with the magnetic field. This method effectively compensates for the directional error, is simple, and low-cost, and can effectively solve the technical problems of high production costs and difficult assembly caused by optimizing optical systems in existing technologies.

[0033] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0034] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for compensating for the directional difference of an atomic magnetometer, characterized in that, The atomic magnetometer rotation difference compensation method includes: A stable magnetic field space is constructed, and the triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer are rigidly connected. The rotation angle of the atomic magnetometer relative to the magnetic field direction is calibrated by the triaxial magnetometer. The space is rotated 360° in a stable magnetic field space with a rotation angle step of 0.01°. The magnetic field value corresponding to each angle is recorded. The overall 360° rotation difference distribution curve of the atomic magnetometer is obtained and the curve is burned into the signal processor. In practical use, based on the real-time angle between the atomic magnetometer and the magnetic field and the actual magnetic field value corresponding to that angle, the signal processor calls the steering difference distribution curve to obtain the steering difference at that angle, processes and compensates for the steering difference of the atomic magnetometer, and obtains the magnetic field value after compensating for the steering difference.

2. The atomic magnetometer rotation difference compensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Constructing a stable magnetic field space specifically includes: By using a magnetic shielding barrel to shield against external magnetic field interference, the magnetic noise in the environment is reduced to 1pT; A three-dimensional magnetic field generating coil is arranged in space to generate a magnetic field of 0-100000nT in the environment.

3. The atomic magnetometer steering difference compensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the angle of the triaxial magnetometer is as follows: Among them, B x B represents the magnitude of the magnetic field along the x-axis of the triaxial magnetometer. y B represents the magnitude of the magnetic field along the y-axis of the triaxial magnetometer. z This represents the magnitude of the magnetic field along the z-axis of the triaxial magnetometer.

4. The atomic magnetometer steering difference compensation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer are fixedly connected by a fixed structural rod, and a non-magnetic turntable is connected to the fixed structural rod. The rotation of the triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer is achieved through the non-magnetic turntable.

5. A system for compensating for the directional difference of an atomic magnetometer, characterized in that, The atomic magnetometer steering difference compensation system is used to implement the atomic magnetometer steering difference compensation method as described in claims 1 to 4.

6. The atomic magnetometer steering difference compensation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The atomic magnetometer steering difference compensation system includes: a magnetic shielding barrel, a three-dimensional magnetic field generating coil, a triaxial magnetometer, an atomic magnetometer, a fixed structural rod, a non-magnetic turntable, and a signal processor. The magnetic shielding barrel is used to shield external magnetic field interference. The three-dimensional magnetic field generating coil is used to generate a magnetic field of 0-100000 nT in the environment. The triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer are fixedly connected through the fixed structural rod. The non-magnetic turntable is connected to the fixed structural rod and enables the triaxial magnetometer and the atomic magnetometer to rotate through the non-magnetic turntable. The signal processor is used to store the steering difference distribution curve and realize the steering difference compensation of the atomic magnetometer.

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