Self-adaptive pushing support control method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, and discloses a self-adaptive pushing support control method and system. The method comprises the steps that a rigidity and height adjusting unit is arranged between a to-be-pushed main beam and a pier top, and a data acquisition unit is arranged; obtaining an ideal value of the monitoring point under each pushing step length based on finite element analysis; in the pushing process, the actual monitoring value is collected in real time, and the deviation between the actual monitoring value and the corresponding ideal value is calculated; and generating an adjusting control instruction based on the deviation, and driving the adjusting unit to adjust the rigidity and / or height of the corresponding supporting point. The invention also discloses a system for realizing the method. The system comprises a support adjusting device, a data acquisition sensor and a control system. According to the method, the dynamic and self-adaptive collaborative optimization control of the internal force distribution and the geometric line shape of the main beam in the incremental launching process is realized by constructing the digital twin benchmark and real-time closed-loop feedback, the load change, the temperature effect and the construction error are effectively coped with, and the safety, the precision and the automation level of incremental launching construction are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of bridge construction technology, in particular to a self-adaptive incremental launching support control method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Incremental launching construction is a highly mechanized construction method. Traditional incremental launching support devices are mostly passive, and their height and support characteristics are fixed after being set before construction. However, incremental launching is a dynamic process. During the construction process, the reaction force of the support point of the support device with fixed parameters changes constantly when the steel beam slides over the pier top, and the length change of the cantilever end causes the redistribution of internal forces in the beam body. Uneven sunlight causes uneven heating of the steel beam, resulting in warping deformation, which causes some support points to be empty or overloaded. Pier installation and beam segment manufacturing errors will accumulate during the incremental launching process, causing the beam body to deviate from the preset axis or elevation. Pier installation and beam segment manufacturing errors will accumulate during the incremental launching process, causing the beam body to deviate from the preset axis or elevation. Such construction deviations make it impossible for support devices with fixed parameters to meet the optimal support requirements. Currently, artificial inspection and intermittent measurement are mainly relied on to discover problems, and then artificial adjustment is performed, which has a lagging response and relies on experience, and cannot achieve real-time and accurate control.

[0003] Related prior art: EP0289364A2 ("Vehicle suspension systems") discloses an oil gas spring / hydraulic strut structure for a vehicle suspension system, which is equipped with a sensor (such as a linear potentiometer) to detect strut length deviation, and automatically adjusts the hydraulic oil flow through a proportional servo valve to restore the strut length to a predetermined value.

[0004] The prior art has the following technical problems: 1. Although the system has sensing feedback and automatic adjustment functions, it is limited to passive length adjustment and length deviation recovery, and does not achieve real-time and adaptive adjustment of "height + stiffness" dual variables, nor does it consider three-dimensional coupling control of "attitude (vertical, lateral, and inclination) - support stiffness - support height".

[0005] 2. The control logic is mainly based on simple length deviation and hydraulic oil flow adjustment, and lacks mechanisms for establishing an ideal state model, real-time calculation of deviation, and dynamic model updating through closed-loop control algorithms (such as fuzzy logic, PID real-time adjustment) and sensing of support reaction force, displacement, inclination, and other physical states. Therefore, when the structure state changes complexly (such as multivariable coupling changes in the attitude of the steel beam during incremental launching construction), the system is difficult to achieve high-precision attitude adaptive adjustment. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the background art and provide a self-adaptive incremental launching support control method and system.

[0007] The technical solution of the present application is: an adaptive incremental launching support control method, comprising, A rigidity adjusting unit and a height adjusting unit are arranged between the main girder to be launched and the temporary piers and permanent piers participating in the launching, and a data acquisition unit is arranged on the top of the main girder to be launched and the temporary piers and permanent piers. Based on finite element analysis, the ideal values of each monitoring point of the main girder under each preset launching step are obtained as ideal values. During the launching process, the actual monitoring values of each monitoring point are acquired in real time by the data acquisition unit. The deviation between the actual monitoring value of each monitoring point and the corresponding ideal value is calculated, and the adjusting control instruction for the monitoring point is generated based on the deviation. According to the adjusting control instruction, the rigidity adjusting unit and / or the height adjusting unit acting on the monitoring point are adjusted.

[0008] According to the adaptive incremental launching support control method provided by the present application, the method for installing the rigidity adjusting unit comprises: installing a lower support frame on the top of the temporary piers and permanent piers participating in the launching; fixing a vertically arranged guide cylinder on the lower support frame; installing a disc spring group for providing vertical support rigidity and buffering capacity in the guide cylinder; arranging an annular hydraulic chamber around the disc spring group in the guide cylinder; and connecting the annular hydraulic chamber to an electro-hydraulic servo valve and a micro hydraulic pump station through a servo oil circuit.

[0009] According to the adaptive incremental launching support control method provided by the present application, the method for installing the height adjusting unit comprises: installing a piston type top cover at the top end of the disc spring group extending out of the guide cylinder, and inserting the lower end of the piston type top cover into the guide cylinder in a vertically movable manner; installing a hydraulic servo jack on the lower support frame, and fixing the upper end of the piston rod of the hydraulic servo jack to the piston type top cover; installing an upper support panel on the upper end surface of the piston type top cover, and installing a sliding plate for contacting the bottom of the main girder on the top surface of the upper support panel.

[0010] According to the adaptive incremental launching support control method provided by the present application, the method for installing the data acquisition unit on the main girder to be launched and the temporary piers and permanent piers participating in the launching comprises: pasting strain gauges or laying fiber Bragg grating sensors on the bottom plate and web of the main girder to measure local stress; arranging a target on the bottom surface of the main girder, and aligning the target with a high-precision displacement meter or total station to measure the vertical deflection of the main girder; installing a dual-axis inclinometer on the top surface or web of the main girder to monitor the lateral torsion angle and longitudinal rotation angle of the main girder; and installing a pressure sensor on the upper support panel or between the piston type top cover and the upper support panel to measure the real-time support reaction force.

[0011] According to the adaptive incremental launching support control method provided in the application, the method for constructing the ideal value of the main girder at each incremental launching step comprises: calculating the ideal value of each monitoring point at each incremental launching step by finite element analysis, and the ideal value comprises the theoretical support reaction force of each temporary pier and permanent pier, the theoretical vertical deflection of each monitoring point on the main girder, and the theoretical stress value.

[0012] According to the adaptive incremental launching support control method provided in the application, the method for constructing the adjusting control instruction of each monitoring point based on the deviation of the actual value and the ideal value of the monitoring point comprises: presetting an adjusting threshold based on the ideal value of each monitoring point; comparing the deviation of the actual monitoring value of the monitoring point and the ideal value with the adjusting threshold corresponding to the monitoring point; and generating the adjusting control instruction for the monitoring point if the deviation exceeds the adjusting threshold.

[0013] According to the adaptive incremental launching support control method provided in the application, when the deviation is the support reaction force deviation, the rule for generating the adjusting control instruction comprises: generating the adjusting control instruction for reducing the height of the corresponding support point and reducing the support stiffness of the corresponding support point if the actual support reaction force is greater than the corresponding ideal value; and generating the adjusting control instruction for increasing the height of the corresponding support point and increasing the support stiffness of the corresponding support point if the actual support reaction force is less than the corresponding ideal value.

[0014] According to the adaptive incremental launching support control method provided in the application, when the deviation is the vertical deflection deviation of the end of the main girder, the rule for generating the adjusting control instruction comprises: generating the adjusting control instruction for lifting the height of the support point at both ends of the main girder and reducing the support stiffness of the support point at both ends of the main girder if the actual vertical deflection is greater than the corresponding ideal value; and generating the adjusting control instruction for reducing the height of the support point at both ends of the main girder and increasing the support stiffness of the support point at both ends of the main girder if the actual vertical deflection is less than the corresponding ideal value.

[0015] The application also relates to an adaptive incremental launching support system for implementing the above method, which comprises: a plurality of support adjusting devices, which are arranged on the top of the temporary piers and the permanent piers participating in the incremental launching, and each of the support adjusting devices comprises a stiffness adjusting mechanism and a height adjusting mechanism; a plurality of data acquisition sensors, which are arranged on the preset monitoring points of the main girder to be launched and the support adjusting devices, and are used for acquiring stress, deflection, angle and support reaction force data; and a control system, which is communicatively connected with the data acquisition sensors and the hydraulic servo system of the support adjusting devices, and is configured to perform the following operations: acquiring the ideal value of the monitoring point at each incremental launching step determined by the finite element analysis; receiving real-time data of the data acquisition sensors as actual values; a deviation between the actual value and a corresponding ideal value is calculated, and an adjustment control instruction is generated when the deviation exceeds an adjustment threshold value; the adjustment control instruction is sent to a corresponding support adjustment device to drive the support adjustment device to perform corresponding adjustment.

[0016] The advantages of the present application are: 1. The present application relates to a self-adaptive jacking support control method. The method of the present application realizes dynamic self-adaptive regulation and control. Compared with the traditional preset, static and open-loop process, the method makes the jacking process become a dynamic and self-adaptive organic system, which can respond to various uncertain factors (such as load change, temporary pier settlement, temperature effect, etc.) in construction in real time. The ideal value obtained by finite element analysis is used as the ideal value (benchmark) in the present application, which is compared with the actual value monitored in real time. This is equivalent to establishing a digital twin benchmark model for the jacking process, so that the control decision has a scientific theoretical basis, rather than relying on experience alone, greatly improving the accuracy and predictability of control. The traditional method often makes remedial measures after problems (such as stress exceeding limit, excessive deformation) appear. The present method can actively fine-tune before or at the early stage of the problem by calculating the deviation and generating control instructions, so as to control the structure state within the allowable fluctuation range of the ideal trajectory at all times, thereby fundamentally preventing structural damage. The present method can optimize and control the internal force (stress) distribution and geometric linear (deflection) of the main beam by adjusting the stiffness and height of two dimensions, solving the contradiction between force and shape in the traditional method. 2. The stiffness adjustment unit of the present application provides a designed initial stiffness and buffering capacity through the disc spring set, and the annular hydraulic cavity is connected with the servo oil circuit, so that the overall stiffness of the support system can be adjusted in real time, steplessly and accurately through the hydraulic system, which is the key executive component for active internal force optimization. The disc spring set has good elasticity and damping characteristics, which can absorb the instantaneous impact and uneven deformation in the jacking process, avoiding damage to the main beam and pier column caused by rigid impact. Combined with hydraulic adjustment, various boundary conditions from relatively soft to relatively rigid can be simulated. The spring and hydraulic cavity are integrated in the guide cylinder, which has stable and reliable structure, is convenient to install and arrange in the limited space on the pier top, and improves the engineering practicability and implementability of the system. 3、The height adjusting unit of the application adopts a hydraulic servo jack as a driving element, which has high control precision and fast response speed, and can realize millimeter-level or even smaller accurate adjustment of the vertical position of the piston-type top cover (i.e. the support point), which is the physical basis for accurately controlling the linear shape (deflection, rotation angle) of the main beam; the height adjustment is realized by independent jacks, which are mechanically relatively independent of the stiffness adjusting unit but work cooperatively; such a design allows the system to independently control the reaction force (affected by stiffness) and the elevation (affected by height) of the support point, and the control strategy is more flexible and accurate; the design of the upper support panel and the sliding plate not only ensures the smooth transmission of the adjusted support force to the main beam, but also meets the functional requirements of the forward sliding of the main beam during the pushing process, and realizes dynamic support; 4、The data acquisition unit of the application constructs a three-dimensional monitoring system: stress sensing directly monitors the most critical internal force state of the structure, which is the core input for stress control; geometric sensing accurately measures the vertical deflection of the main beam, which is the core input for linear shape control; attitude sensing monitors the torsion and rotation angle, which can effectively sense the bending-torsion coupling deformation caused by temperature gradient; boundary condition sensing directly measures the support reaction force, and comparison with the theoretical reaction force is the most direct basis for judging whether the load distribution is reasonable; such a multi-sensor fusion layout enables the control system to comprehensively and real-timely grasp the comprehensive information of the main beam, avoiding the limitations of single parameter monitoring, and providing more sufficient decision basis and more comprehensive control effect; in particular, it can directly sense the geometric displacement caused by temperature effect, which provides the possibility for subsequent compensation control; 5、The ideal value acquisition method of the application clearly obtains the ideal values (reaction force, deflection, stress) under each pushing step through finite element analysis, so that the ideal state is no longer a fixed value, but a dynamic trajectory that changes with the cantilever length of the main beam and the support conditions; this is more in line with the actual physical process, making real-time comparison more meaningful; the ideal value includes the support reaction force, vertical deflection and stress value, which completely corresponds to the monitoring parameters, forming a complete data chain from theoretical prediction to actual monitoring to deviation analysis, ensuring the rigor and pertinence of the control logic; 6、The application creates the concept of allowing a fluctuation interval by pre-setting an adjustment threshold value based on the ideal value (rather than only one theoretical point); only when the deviation exceeds this threshold value, the system starts adjusting; this avoids frequent or ineffective actions of the system, improves the stability and economy of the control, and is a key embodiment of intelligent decision-making; the automation from deviation detection to control decision-making is realized: the comparison logic and instruction generation are regularized, so that the entire judgment and decision-making process does not require human intervention and can be automatically completed by the control system, truly realizing automatic closed-loop feedback control of the construction process, with a response speed much faster than manual intervention; 7、The application directly aims at the most core mechanical problem in incremental launching construction, i.e. adjustment of reaction force distribution of each support point; when the reaction force is too large, the height is reduced (equivalent to unloading at the point), and the stiffness is reduced (so that it becomes flexible and shares less load), and the overlarge pressure at the point is quickly transferred to the adjacent support point through the double-barreled approach; when the reaction force is too small, the opposite operation is performed; through the above-mentioned rules for dynamic optimization of the reaction force distribution, the overlarge stress at the local support point can be actively avoided, so that the overlarge local bending moment and stress concentration of the main beam in the region are prevented, and the peak stress is effectively controlled within the elastic safety range; 8、The application realizes accurate tracking and compensation of geometric linear shape through the adjustment method for the vertical deflection deviation of the end of the main beam, and is specially used for controlling the vertical linear shape of the main beam, especially the sagging or upwarping of the cantilever end; the upward displacement compensation is directly provided by lifting the two end support points; at the same time, the stiffness is reduced to avoid the generation of overlarge additional stress in the lifting process; when the upwarping or sagging is insufficient, the opposite operation is performed; the solar radiation temperature difference can cause non-uniform deformation of the main beam, and the method enables the system to automatically drive the support device to perform predictive adaptive displacement compensation according to the deflection / angle deviation monitored in real time, and actively offsets the influence of thermal deformation, which is fundamentally impossible for the traditional fixed elevation support method; 9、The application also provides a self-adaptive incremental launching support system, which includes an execution mechanism, a sensing mechanism and a decision center, embodies the complete innovation chain from the virtual method to the real equipment of the application, clearly defines the functions and connection relationship of each subsystem, highlights the characteristics of the system as a complete intelligent engineering equipment, provides a standardized, replicable and easy-to-deploy solution, and is convenient for popularization and application in various incremental launching projects; the system upgrades the traditional hydraulic incremental launching equipment to intelligent equipment with sensing, thinking and action ability, and promotes the important direction of the development of bridge construction machinery towards intelligence and digitization.

[0017] The self-adaptive incremental launching support control method of the application establishes a digital closed-loop feedback control system of the incremental launching process, takes the pre-calculated ideal state model as the benchmark, takes the sensor network as the sensing organ, and controls the decision and execution of the controller and the intelligent support device, so that the actual linear shape and internal force state of the main beam always fluctuate slightly around the design trajectory, and the safety and stability of the main beam lifting are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 : The flowchart of the self-adaptive incremental launching support control method of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0020] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0021] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0022] The present application will be further described below in detail in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] The present application relates to an adaptive jacking support control method, the jacking support control method of the present application realizes dynamic adaptive regulation and control of the jacking process by constructing a digital twin model and a closed-loop feedback control, establishes a digital closed-loop feedback control system for the jacking process, takes the ideal state model of the budget as the benchmark, takes the sensor network as the sensor organ, and makes decisions and executes with the controller and the intelligent support device, ensures that the actual linear and internal force state of the main girder always fluctuates around the design trajectory, and automatically and timely corrects any deviation, controls the structure state within the allowable fluctuation range of the ideal trajectory at all times, thereby fundamentally preventing structural damage. It is equivalent to establishing a digital twin benchmark model for the jacking process, so that the regulation and control decision has a scientific theoretical basis, rather than relying on experience alone, greatly improving the accuracy and predictability of control, and through the adjustment of the two dimensions of stiffness and height, the internal force (stress) distribution and geometric linear (deflection) of the main girder can be optimized and controlled at the same time, solving the contradiction between force and shape in the traditional method.

[0024] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 The adaptive jacking support control method of the present application is performed according to the following steps: S1, set one or more integrated support adjustment devices containing stiffness adjustment units and height adjustment units on the top of each temporary pier and permanent pier participating in the jacking under the main beam to be jacked; at the same time, lay data acquisition units on the bottom plate, web of the key section of the main beam (such as the corresponding position of each pier top, midspan, cantilever end, etc.) and the support adjustment devices on the pier top; S2, before construction, use finite element software to establish a simulation model of the whole jacking construction process, simulate each preset jacking step (for example, every 5 meters is a step) of the main beam from the starting point to the in-place; through calculation, extract the theoretical support reaction, vertical deflection and stress value of each monitoring point (corresponding to the sensor layout position) at each step, form a complete ideal state trajectory database; S3, in the actual jacking process, the data acquisition unit continuously acquires real-time data of each monitoring point at a preset frequency (such as 1 Hz), including actual support reaction, actual vertical deflection, actual stress and inclination; S4, the central control system reads the current step ideal value in step S2 in real time, and compares it with the actual value collected in step S3, calculates the deviation value between the two; S5, for each monitoring point, according to the type and size of its deviation value, generate specific adjustment control instructions according to the preset control rules; the instructions are specifically directed to specific support adjustment devices, and contain specific action requirements (such as increasing stiffness by 20%, jacking up by 5mm) for the stiffness adjustment unit and / or height adjustment unit; S6, the support adjustment device receives and executes the control instruction, drives its hydraulic servo system to accurately adjust the equivalent stiffness and jacking height, so as to change the support boundary conditions of the main beam; S7, after the adjustment is completed, return to step S3 and enter the next round of collection, comparison, decision and execution cycle to form a closed loop control.

[0025] The method of the present application is a digital twin driven closed loop feedback control. The ideal state trajectory established by the finite element model represents the optimal construction path under ideal design parameters and boundary conditions, and serves as a control reference. The data acquisition unit is the perception module of the system, which perceives the real state of the main beam jacking in real time. The control system is the control center, which judges whether the jacking process is safe and appropriate by comparing the deviation between the ideal state and the actual state. The adjustment control instruction is the control measure, and the support adjustment device is the execution module, which corrects the structure state by actively changing the mechanical properties (stiffness and height) of the support. This closed loop makes the whole jacking system have self-adaptive ability, so that the actual internal force and linear shape of the main beam closely follow the preset ideal trajectory.

[0026] The application establishes a fundamental paradigm shift from static construction to dynamic control, realizes active control and preventive maintenance of the construction process, and no longer is after-the-fact remedy, but through continuous feedforward and feedback mechanisms, the structural deviation is suppressed in the embryonic state; by simultaneously regulating stiffness and height, the internal force distribution and geometric line of the main beam can be optimized, and the dilemma of traditional methods in which it is difficult to achieve both shape preservation and force preservation is solved, providing a safe and accurate theoretical and practical framework for incremental launching construction of super-large and super-complex structures.

[0027] In some embodiments of the application, the stiffness adjustment unit installation method described above is optimized. Specifically, at the top of each temporary pier and permanent pier participating in the incremental launching, a stable lower support frame is first installed, which is fixed to the pier top through bolts pre-buried in the pier top. A straight thick-walled guide cylinder is fixed on the lower support frame. A set of stacked disc springs is installed at the central axis position of the guide cylinder. The disc spring set provides initial vertical stiffness and cushioning. A closed annular hydraulic chamber is designed between the inner wall of the guide cylinder and the outer edge of the disc spring set. The annular hydraulic chamber is connected to an electro-hydraulic servo valve through a high-pressure oil pipe and is provided with a pressure oil source by a miniature hydraulic pump station.

[0028] The stiffness adjustment unit of the embodiment realizes stiffness adjustment based on a composite stiffness adjustment mechanism of hydraulic constraint. The disc spring set itself has a certain mechanical stiffness. The oil pressure in the annular hydraulic chamber generates a restraining force acting on the outside of the disc spring. When the support point is compressed, the deformation of the disc spring tries to squeeze the hydraulic chamber, changing the pressure in the chamber, and the servo system controls the in-out of oil through the electro-hydraulic servo valve, thereby actively adjusting the size of the restraining force. Finally, the equivalent total stiffness exhibited by the support point is a composite function of the mechanical stiffness and the hydraulic constraint stiffness. By precisely controlling the pressure through the servo system, continuous, real-time, and reversible adjustment of the overall stiffness of the support point within a predetermined range can be achieved.

[0029] In actual operation, before incremental launching, the total stiffness curve of the support point corresponding to different oil pressures is calibrated through laboratory tests and input into the control system. During construction, when the control instruction requires to increase the stiffness, the control system sends a signal to the electro-hydraulic servo valve, causing the pump station to inject pressure oil into the annular hydraulic chamber, increasing the oil pressure, thereby enhancing the restraint on the disc spring and making the support point stiffer. Conversely, some oil pressure is released, making the support point softer.

[0030] The stiffness adjustment scheme provided by the embodiment realizes the combination of rigidity and flexibility and real-time variability. The disc spring set provides reliable physical loading and cushioning, ensuring the basic safety of the system; and the hydraulic servo adjustment allows the same support point to smoothly switch between flexible hinging and rigid consolidation as needed. This capability is key to optimizing the redistribution of internal forces (bending moment, shear force) among multiple support points of the main beam, effectively reducing peaks and filling valleys to avoid stress concentration.

[0031] In other embodiments of this application, the installation method of the height adjustment unit has been optimized. Specifically, based on the above embodiments, this embodiment adds a height adjustment unit. A piston-type top cover is installed at the top of the disc spring assembly, its lower part inserted into the guide cylinder and sliding up and down along the inner wall to form a seal. At least one (usually two or four symmetrically arranged) high-precision hydraulic servo jack is installed on the lower support frame, with its piston rod upper end rigidly connected to the bottom of the piston-type top cover. An upper support panel is installed on the upper surface of the piston-type top cover, its top surface covered with a polymer sliding plate that contacts the sliding device at the bottom of the main beam.

[0032] The height adjustment unit is based on high-precision hydraulic servo position closed-loop control. The hydraulic servo jack acts as the actuator, and the extension length of its piston rod is determined by the oil volume controlled by the servo valve. The control system sets a target height and uses a built-in displacement sensor (typically a magnetostrictive or LVDT sensor) to provide real-time feedback on the actual position of the piston rod, forming a position closed loop. The system continuously calculates the position deviation and drives the servo valve until the deviation approaches zero. In this way, micron-level precision control of the top elevation of the piston-type top cover and the upper support panel can be achieved.

[0033] In actual control during construction, when a control command requires a support point to be raised by 5mm, the control system increases the target value of the height adjustment unit at that point by 5mm. The hydraulic servo system is activated, driving the jack piston rod to extend precisely, causing the entire upper support structure to rise smoothly by 5mm, thereby locally lifting the main beam at that point. The entire process is completed automatically and quickly.

[0034] The height adjustment unit in this embodiment provides precise geometric alignment correction capabilities. The high response speed and positioning accuracy of the hydraulic servo system enable extremely precise and rapid adjustments to the main beam deflection and rotation angles. Working in conjunction with the stiffness adjustment unit, it softens the movement during elevation adjustments by synchronously adjusting stiffness, avoiding excessive additional stress caused by forced displacement. This unit is a direct means of combating temperature deformation, correcting installation errors, and precisely controlling the bridge alignment.

[0035] In a further embodiment of this application, the arrangement method of the data acquisition unit described above has been optimized. Specifically, this embodiment details the deployment of the sensor network: 1. Stress monitoring: Resistance strain gauges or fiber optic grating (FBG) sensor strings are attached longitudinally and laterally to the lower surface of the bottom plate and both sides of the web of each key section of the main beam to measure local normal stress and shear stress. 2. Deflection monitoring Optical reflective targets are installed on the bottom surface of the main beam, corresponding to each pier and mid-span position; a high-precision total station or laser displacement meter is set up on a stable reference point to continuously track and measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the target and calculate the vertical deflection of the main beam. 3. Attitude monitoring At the centerline of the top surface of the main beam or at the height of the web, biaxial inclinometers are arranged at intervals to monitor the tilt changes of the main beam around the longitudinal axis (lateral torsion angle) and the transverse axis (longitudinal rotation angle). 4. Reaction force monitoring A high-range spoke-type pressure sensor is installed between the upper support panel and the piston-type top cover of each support adjustment device to directly measure the real-time support reaction force at that fulcrum.

[0036] All sensors and the central controller are connected to a stable wired or wireless communication system located at the field command center. All sensors and actuators are calibrated in the field to ensure data accuracy.

[0037] This embodiment constructs a three-dimensional sensing network for bridge jacking construction. Pressure sensors directly sense the boundary input force; strain / fiber optic sensors sense the stress response inside the structure; displacement gauges and inclinometers sense the macroscopic geometric deformation and spatial attitude of the structure. All data is synchronously transmitted to the central control system via wired or wireless networks. After time synchronization and spatial coordinate alignment, the data is fused to form a complete digital image of the main beam's force, deformation, and attitude at the current moment. This image is then compared in all aspects with the ideal image generated by the finite element model.

[0038] In practice, before construction, all sensors are installed, calibrated, and their communication tested. A mapping relationship between sensor numbers and ideal values ​​at monitoring points is established in the control system. During construction, all sensors automatically and continuously collect data according to a unified time scale. The control system preprocesses the raw data through filtering, noise reduction, etc., and then stores it in a real-time database for deviation calculation.

[0039] This embodiment achieves holographic and digital perception of the construction status. The fusion of multi-source heterogeneous sensors overcomes the limitations of single-type sensors, enabling the control system not only to know where the force is large, but also to know the magnitude of deformation and torsion resulting from it. In particular, the inclinometer and distributed optical fiber can sensitively capture the combined bending and torsional deformation caused by the gradient temperature field due to uneven solar radiation, providing irreplaceable data input for subsequent intelligent compensation, which is a prerequisite for achieving predictive adaptation.

[0040] In some embodiments of this application, the method for obtaining the ideal value described above has been optimized. Specifically, during the construction drawing design stage, finite element analysis software such as ANSYS and Midas Civil is used to establish detailed finite element models of the main beam, temporary piers, and permanent piers strictly according to the design drawings. The jacking steps, which are completely consistent with the implementation procedures, are defined, and the main beam is divided into dozens to hundreds of jacking steps along the guide rail. Static analysis is performed on each step, and the following results are calculated and output, and stored in a database or file according to the step number: Theoretical support reaction force at each support adjustment device location (temporary pier and permanent pier top) R itheory ( i=1,2, ...n ); Theoretical vertical displacement of each deflection monitoring point on the main beam (corresponding to the target position) Djtheory (deflection value, j= 1,2,...m ); Theoretical stress value at each stress monitoring point on the main beam (corresponding to the location of strain gauges / FBGs) S ktheory ( k=1, 2,...p ).

[0041] The ideal value acquisition method in this embodiment involves performing a virtual simulation of the entire construction process to obtain a theoretically optimal, continuous state trajectory. This trajectory serves as the standard for construction control, taking into account the structural self-weight, temporary construction loads, and the redistribution of internal forces and deformations resulting from the jacking system transformation. It provides a dynamically changing and scientific reference system for real-time monitoring, rather than a fixed value.

[0042] In actual operation, the ideal trajectory database is pre-loaded into the control system software. During the actual jacking, the system automatically matches the current jacking step length based on the current position of the beam fed back by the jacking stroke sensor, and retrieves the ideal values ​​of all monitoring points under that step length from the database for real-time comparison.

[0043] The ideal value acquisition method in this embodiment ensures that adaptive adjustment is not blind but rather optimized with a clear objective. By comparing this ideal trajectory, construction deviations can be clearly quantified, elevating control decisions from qualitative judgment to quantitative analysis, thus greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of control.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the above-described method for generating adjustment commands has been optimized. Specifically, in the control system, for each type of monitoring parameter (reaction force)... R Deflection D ,stress SFor each monitoring point, a preset adjustment threshold is established. This threshold is typically set based on a certain percentage of the ideal value (e.g., reaction force deviation ±15%, stress deviation ±10%) or an absolute value (e.g., deflection ±10mm). The control logic is as follows: Real-time calculation of deviation: ΔR=R actual -R theory ; ΔD=D actual -D theory ; ΔS=S actual -S theory .

[0045] Judgment logic: IF(|Δ|>Threshold)THEN ELSE generates adjustment and control commands for the monitoring point; ELSE maintains the current state.

[0046] in, Threshold This represents the adjustment threshold for this parameter at that point.

[0047] This embodiment avoids frequent adjustments to the control system due to minor disturbances, ensuring the stability and economy of the system operation. Control actions are only triggered when deviations truly threaten structural safety or linear accuracy.

[0048] In actual control, engineers set differentiated adjustment thresholds for each monitoring point in the human-machine interface of the control system, based on different working conditions and the importance of the monitoring points. During construction, the algorithm automatically executes the above judgment logic. When multiple monitoring points trigger adjustment commands simultaneously, the system sorts and processes them according to preset priorities (usually stress exceeding limits has the highest priority).

[0049] This embodiment realizes intelligent early warning and selective intervention, enabling the control system to make judgments; by setting adjustment thresholds, an adjustment mechanism is constructed, which can constrain the trend of error changes and prevent overshoot or oscillation during the adjustment process. This cyclical process of prediction, correction, and feedback ensures that the jacking structure is in a controllable and stable state at each stage.

[0050] In some embodiments of this application, the above-mentioned support reaction force deviation adjustment method is optimized. Specifically, when the deviation is a support reaction force deviation, the rules for generating adjustment control commands include: if the actual support reaction force is greater than the corresponding ideal value, an adjustment control command is generated to reduce the height of the corresponding support point and decrease its support stiffness; if the actual support reaction force is less than the corresponding ideal value, an adjustment control command is generated to increase the height of the corresponding support point and increase its support stiffness.

[0051] The support reaction force adjustment rule in this embodiment is based on the support displacement method and boundary condition adjustment principle in structural mechanics. When the reaction force at a certain support point is too large, it means that the point is too solid and is bearing too much load. By reducing the height, the point is made to sink slightly (equivalent to applying a negative displacement), forcing part of the load to be transferred to adjacent supports. At the same time, the stiffness is reduced to make it more flexible, reducing its load-bearing ratio, and unloading is achieved quickly under the dual action. Conversely, the point is loaded by lifting and increasing stiffness.

[0052] In actual operation, when the pressure sensor detects that the reaction force at a certain support point exceeds the limit, the control system immediately invokes the corresponding adjustment method. Based on the sign and magnitude of the support reaction force deviation, the specific adjustment height and adjustment stiffness values ​​are calculated and converted into control signals for the hydraulic servo jack and electro-hydraulic servo valve, which are then synchronously sent to the corresponding support adjustment device for execution.

[0053] The adjustment method in this embodiment can actively and dynamically optimize load distribution. By quickly suppressing the peak value of the reaction force at each support point, it can effectively avoid risks such as excessive local bending moment of the main beam, buckling of the base plate, or aggravated settlement of the temporary pier foundation caused by local overload, and control the peak stress within the elastic safety range.

[0054] In some other embodiments of this application, the method for adjusting the vertical deflection deviation at the end of the main beam is optimized. Specifically, when the deviation is the vertical deflection deviation at the end of the main beam, the rules for generating adjustment control commands include: if the actual vertical deflection is greater than the corresponding ideal value, then an adjustment control command is generated to increase the height of the support points at both ends of the main beam and reduce its support stiffness; if the actual vertical deflection is less than the corresponding ideal value, then an adjustment control command is generated to decrease the height of the support points at both ends of the main beam and increase its support stiffness.

[0055] In this embodiment, the deflection at the cantilever end of the main beam is primarily determined by the vertical displacement and rotation of its adjacent supports. When the end deflection is excessive, raising the adjacent supports is equivalent to applying an upward support displacement at the root of the cantilever. Utilizing the lever effect, an upward displacement can be generated at the end, thereby offsetting part of the deflection. Simultaneously reducing stiffness provides a flexible hinge effect during lifting, preventing excessive negative bending moments at the root. Lowering the height of the support points at both ends of the main beam and increasing their support stiffness is particularly suitable for compensating for rigid rotational deformation caused by temperature gradients (such as the top plate expanding more due to heat than the bottom plate).

[0056] In actual control, when the laser displacement gauge or total station detects that the deflection at the end of the main beam exceeds the limit, the control system invokes this adjustment method. First, the two closest movable support points to that end are identified (usually the temporary piers in front), then the required compensation lifting / lowering amount is calculated, and a joint adjustment command is generated and sent to the support adjustment devices at these two points.

[0057] The adjustment method in this embodiment achieves precise geometric control over long cantilever structures and large deformation states, as well as active compensation for time-varying environmental disturbances (especially temperature). Traditional methods are helpless against temperature deformation and can only stop work and wait. However, this method senses the linear changes caused by sunlight in real time and automatically drives the support device to perform reverse displacement compensation, effectively offsetting the adverse effects of thermal deformation, ensuring construction accuracy, and potentially enabling all-weather, uninterrupted construction, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0058] In addition, this application also relates to an adaptive jacking support system for executing the above-described adaptive jacking support control method, specifically including: Multiple support adjustment devices are respectively installed on the top of the temporary pier and the permanent pier participating in the jacking, and each of the support adjustment devices includes a stiffness adjustment mechanism and a height adjustment mechanism; Multiple data acquisition sensors are deployed at preset monitoring points on the main beam to be pushed and on the support adjustment device to collect data on stress, deflection, rotation angle and support reaction force. And a control system, which is communicatively connected to the data acquisition sensor and the hydraulic servo system of the support adjustment device, the control system being configured to perform the following operations: Obtain the ideal values ​​of monitoring points for each jacking step determined by finite element analysis; Receive real-time data from the data acquisition sensor as the actual value; Calculate the deviation between the actual value and the corresponding ideal value, and generate an adjustment control command when the deviation exceeds the adjustment threshold; The adjustment control command is sent to the corresponding support adjustment device to drive the support adjustment device to make the corresponding adjustment.

[0059] The actual construction process of the adaptive jacking support control method of this application is as follows: Phase 1: Construction Preparation and System Construction Finite element simulation and database establishment: Establish an accurate finite element model of the entire jacking process, calculate and store the theoretical reaction force, deflection and stress values ​​of all monitoring points under each jacking step, and form an ideal state trajectory database.

[0060] Hardware installation and integration: Install support adjustment devices on the tops of permanent and temporary piers to ensure the stability of the lower support frame and the verticality of the guide tube; Connect all hydraulic lines (annular hydraulic chamber oil circuit, servo jack oil circuit) to the pump station and servo valve to complete the hydraulic system flushing and debugging; Attach strain gauges / lay optical fibers, install targets and inclinometers at the preset positions on the main beam, and install pressure sensors under the support panel; Connect all sensor signal cables to the data acquisition box and then connect it to the central control system room; System calibration and parameter settings: Stiffness and pressure calibration tests, as well as jack stroke and displacement calibration tests, were conducted on each support adjustment device.

[0061] Enter the calibration coefficients and physical location coordinates of all sensors into the control system; Load the ideal trajectory database; Set adjustment thresholds for various monitoring parameters and input control coefficients for reaction force and deflection adjustment rules.

[0062] Phase Two: Jacking Construction and Closed-Loop Control Start-up and step-by-step: Start the jacking jacks to push the main beam forward by a preset step length (e.g., 5m); after reaching the position, the jacking system pauses, and the main beam is in a statically determinate or over-statically indeterminate state temporarily supported by various support adjustment devices; Data acquisition and status awareness: The control system triggers a round of high-speed data acquisition to obtain the real-time readings of all pressure, stress, displacement and tilt sensors, and after processing, obtains the actual value of the main beam at the current step length; Status comparison and deviation diagnosis: The system retrieves the ideal value of the current step size from the database based on the pushing stroke. The deviation between the actual value and the ideal value is calculated for each step. Intelligent decision-making and instruction generation: The system determines whether each deviation exceeds its adjustment threshold; For deviations exceeding the limit, the corresponding expert rule base is invoked: If the supporting reaction force exceeds the limit, the above rules are invoked to generate a combined adjustment command for the height and stiffness of the specific pier location. If the deflection at the end of the main beam exceeds the limit, the above rules are invoked to generate a combined adjustment command for the height and stiffness of the piers adjacent to the end. If the local stress exceeds the limit, the system will trace the location of the stress anomaly, analyze its relationship with the reaction force of the adjacent support, and usually process it into a reaction force adjustment command for the relevant support. Prioritize and check for conflicts among multiple adjustment commands.

[0063] Precise execution and status correction: The control system sends adjustment commands to the corresponding support adjustment devices, and the device's electro-hydraulic servo system works in coordination: the electro-hydraulic servo valve adjusts the pressure in the annular hydraulic chamber, changing the support stiffness; the hydraulic servo jack precisely extends and retracts, adjusting the support elevation. The entire adjustment process is smooth and rapid; Effect verification and closed-loop feedback: After the adjustment is completed, the system starts another round of rapid data acquisition to verify whether the deviation has been reduced to within the threshold. If the requirements are met, the next push step is prepared; if some deviations still exceed the limit, the above steps are returned for fine-tuning and iteration until the state meets the standard.

[0064] Cyclic advancement: Repeat the above steps to make the main beam move forward safely and accurately step by step in a closed-loop control cycle of jacking, pausing, sensing, decision-making, adjustment, and verification until it is finally in place.

[0065] The construction method described in this application deeply integrates perception, decision-making, and execution, achieving a leap from mechanization to intelligence in jacking construction. By combining feedforward (ideal model) and feedback (real-time monitoring), a double safety net is formed. This ensures that structural internal forces and deformations are always constrained within a safe envelope, preventing problems before they occur. In particular, it can dynamically compensate for environmental disturbances such as temperature, achieving high-precision geometric alignment control and improving the quality of the completed bridge. For uncertainties such as uneven foundation settlement, differences in the stiffness of temporary piers, and unexpected load changes, the system can adaptively adjust to absorb the impact, improving the robustness of the process. All process data is completely recorded, forming a digital twin that is fully synchronized with the physical construction, which can be used for construction review, quality traceability, and post-construction maintenance reference.

[0066] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of this application as claimed. The scope of protection of this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adaptive jacking support control method, characterized in that, include, Stiffness adjustment units and height adjustment units are set between the main beam to be jacked and the temporary and permanent piers participating in the jacking, and data acquisition units are set on the top of the main beam to be jacked and the temporary and permanent piers. Based on finite element analysis, the ideal values ​​of each monitoring point of the main beam under each preset jacking step length are obtained as ideal values. During the jacking process, the actual monitoring values ​​of each monitoring point are collected in real time through the data acquisition unit; Calculate the deviation between the actual monitored value and the corresponding ideal value at each monitoring point, and generate adjustment and control commands for that monitoring point based on the deviation; According to the adjustment control command, adjust the stiffness adjustment unit and / or height adjustment unit acting on the monitoring point.

2. The adaptive jacking support control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method for installing the stiffness adjustment unit includes: installing a lower support frame on the top of the temporary and permanent piers participating in the jacking; fixing a vertically arranged guide cylinder on the lower support frame; installing a disc spring assembly inside the guide cylinder to provide vertical support stiffness and buffering capacity; providing an annular hydraulic cavity surrounding the disc spring assembly inside the guide cylinder; and connecting the annular hydraulic cavity to an electro-hydraulic servo valve and a micro hydraulic pump station via a servo oil circuit.

3. The adaptive jacking support control method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The method for installing the height adjustment unit includes: installing a piston-type top cover at the top of the disc spring assembly extending from the guide cylinder, with the lower end of the piston-type top cover inserted into the guide cylinder in a vertically movable manner; installing a hydraulic servo jack on the lower support frame, with the upper end of the piston rod of the hydraulic servo jack fixedly connected to the piston-type top cover; installing an upper support panel on the upper end face of the piston-type top cover, and installing a sliding plate for contacting the bottom of the main beam on the top surface of the upper support panel.

4. The adaptive jacking support control method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The method for installing data acquisition units on the top of the main beam to be jacked and the temporary and permanent piers involved in the jacking includes: attaching strain gauges or laying fiber optic grating sensors on the bottom plate and web of the main beam to measure local stress; setting a target on the bottom surface of the main beam and using a high-precision displacement meter or total station to align with the target to measure the vertical deflection of the main beam; installing a biaxial inclinometer on the top surface or web of the main beam to monitor the transverse torsion angle and longitudinal rotation angle of the main beam; and installing pressure sensors on the upper support panel or between the piston-type top cover and the upper support panel to measure the real-time support reaction force.

5. The adaptive jacking support control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method for constructing the ideal value of the main beam at each jacking step includes: calculating the ideal value of each monitoring point at each jacking step through finite element analysis, and the ideal value includes the theoretical support reaction force of each temporary pier and permanent pier, the theoretical vertical deflection of each monitoring point on the main beam, and the theoretical stress value.

6. The adaptive jacking support control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method for constructing adjustment control instructions for each monitoring point based on the deviation between the actual value and the ideal value of each monitoring point includes: for each monitoring point, a preset adjustment threshold based on its ideal value is established; the deviation between the actual monitoring value and the ideal value of the monitoring point is compared with its corresponding adjustment threshold; if the deviation exceeds the adjustment threshold, an adjustment control instruction for the monitoring point is generated.

7. The adaptive jacking support control method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When the deviation is a support reaction force deviation, the rules for generating adjustment control commands include: if the actual support reaction force is greater than the corresponding ideal value, then an adjustment control command is generated to reduce the height of the corresponding support point and decrease its support stiffness; if the actual support reaction force is less than the corresponding ideal value, then an adjustment control command is generated to increase the height of the corresponding support point and increase its support stiffness.

8. The adaptive jacking support control method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When the deviation is the vertical deflection deviation at the end of the main beam, the rules for generating adjustment control commands include: if the actual vertical deflection is greater than the corresponding ideal value, then an adjustment control command is generated to increase the height of the support points at both ends of the main beam and reduce its support stiffness; if the actual vertical deflection is less than the corresponding ideal value, then an adjustment control command is generated to decrease the height of the support points at both ends of the main beam and increase its support stiffness.

9. An adaptive jacking support system for implementing the method as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: Multiple support adjustment devices are respectively installed on the top of the temporary pier and the permanent pier participating in the jacking, and each of the support adjustment devices includes a stiffness adjustment mechanism and a height adjustment mechanism; Multiple data acquisition sensors are deployed at preset monitoring points on the main beam to be pushed and on the support adjustment device to collect data on stress, deflection, rotation angle and support reaction force. And a control system, which is communicatively connected to the data acquisition sensor and the hydraulic servo system of the support adjustment device, the control system being configured to perform the following operations: Obtain the ideal values ​​of monitoring points for each jacking step determined by finite element analysis; Receive real-time data from the data acquisition sensor as the actual value; Calculate the deviation between the actual value and the corresponding ideal value, and generate an adjustment control command when the deviation exceeds the adjustment threshold; The adjustment control command is sent to the corresponding support adjustment device to drive the support adjustment device to make the corresponding adjustment.

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