Connecting device with high connecting strength for angle head and main shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to an angle head and main shaft connecting device with high connecting strength, comprising a power transmission module for transmitting main shaft power to an angle head; the pneumatic control module comprises a stator and a rotor which can rotate relatively, and a closed gas path is formed between the stator and the rotor through a sealing assembly, so that gas pressure is output in a rotating state; and the clamping module comprises a piston assembly controlled by air pressure, a transmission part and a clamping part, and axial movement of the piston assembly is converted into radial locking force of the clamping part through the transmission part. The gear bearing is axially positioned through the bearing baffle ring, so that an axial supporting reference is formed; the stator is fixedly connected with the protective cover, and the rotor is fixedly connected with the piston base and the output disc, so that a stable connecting frame is formed. The connection strength is greatly improved, the angle head self-weight inclination and the machining vibration are effectively eliminated, and the control precision of radial run-out is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a connection device between an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength. Background Technology

[0002] As a key accessory for machine tools, the angle head allows the tool's rotation center line to form a specific angle with the spindle's rotation center line for machining workpieces. This greatly expands the machining capabilities and flexibility of machining centers, enabling them to perform multi-angle machining of complex parts. However, due to the angle head's significant weight, when it mates with the spindle via a tapered cylinder, it often tilts due to its own weight. This tilt causes radial runout during operation, which is completely unacceptable for precision machining, severely affecting machining accuracy and surface finish.

[0003] Existing technologies have effectively solved the macroscopic tilting problem of angle heads through end-face pressing and double fixed-point support mechanisms. However, the connection method between the angle head and the spindle in existing technologies still has many problems in terms of strength and stability. In particular, the insufficient rigidity of the connection method between the angle head and the spindle under large cutting forces is a prominent problem, making the angle head prone to chatter and other effects, which greatly affects the improvement of machining accuracy and efficiency.

[0004] Angle heads operate under complex multi-directional load conditions: they must withstand the torque and radial force transmitted from the spindle, as well as the bending moment and radial force generated during machining. These complex load conditions place extremely high demands on the connection structure. Designing a connection structure that meets the requirements of strength, rigidity, and precision is a problem that those skilled in the art need to consider. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a connection device between an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength, so as to solve the problems of self-weight tilting, insufficient rigidity, and cumbersome disassembly and assembly when connecting the angle head and the spindle in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: a connection device between an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength, comprising: The power transmission module is used to transmit the spindle power to the angle head; The pneumatic control module includes a stator and a rotor that can rotate relative to each other, and the two are connected by a sealing assembly to form a closed air passage, so as to output gas pressure in the rotating state. The clamping module includes a pneumatically controlled piston assembly, a transmission component, and a clamping component, wherein the transmission component converts the axial movement of the piston assembly into a radial locking force of the clamping component.

[0007] Preferably, the rotor is provided with an air outlet, which is connected to an air inlet provided at the bottom of the piston assembly to form a continuous air path.

[0008] Preferably, the piston assembly includes a piston base and a piston ring. The piston base is fixedly connected to the rotor. The piston base is provided with a piston groove. The piston ring is connected in the piston groove and can move axially in the piston groove.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the piston ring is provided with a receiving groove for accommodating the clamping member; the outer wall of the receiving groove is provided with a receiving cavity for accommodating the transmission member, and the receiving cavity is provided through the outer wall of the receiving groove.

[0010] Preferably, the outer wall of the piston groove extends axially to form an unlocking part, the unlocking part is provided with an unlocking groove, and the transmission part is placed in the unlocking groove to form an unlocking.

[0011] Preferably, the outer wall of the clamping member is provided with an annular locking groove, and the transmission member is not sealed in the locking groove to form a lock.

[0012] Preferably, the piston assembly further includes an elastic element, through which the piston ring tends to move toward the bottom of the piston groove to reset; The radial displacement of the transmission component is controlled by air pressure and the reset of the elastic element.

[0013] Preferably, the piston assembly further includes a retaining ring connected to the piston base, the piston ring extending circumferentially inward to form a plurality of bosses, and the elastic element connected between the retaining ring and the bosses.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission component is a spherical or roller structure; The clamping member includes a separable annular component, which forms an annular positioning portion along the circumferential direction; the locking groove is disposed on the outer periphery of the annular component, and the axial direction of the positioning portion is connected to the axial end face of the piston groove.

[0015] Preferably, the power transmission module includes a transmission gear and an output disk connected to the main shaft, and the output disk is fixedly connected to the transmission gear and the rotor.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: (1) The axial positioning of the gear bearing is achieved by the bearing retaining ring, forming an axial support reference; the fixed connection between the stator and the protective cover, and the fixed connection between the rotor and the piston base and the output disc, form a stable connection frame. This greatly improves the strength of the connection, effectively eliminates the tilting of the angle head due to its own weight and the vibration during processing, and improves the control accuracy of radial runout; (2) Pneumatic drive enables rapid disassembly and assembly, reducing manual debugging time; at the same time, the components are connected by bolts, facilitating maintenance. (3) By setting the locking groove on the clamping ring, when the angle head tends to tilt, the force on the transmission component immediately increases, and instantaneous compensation is achieved through the reaction force of the elastic element; the setting of the elastic element also plays a buffering role, absorbing high-frequency vibrations during the processing and avoiding resonance amplification. (4) Through the composite design of pneumatic control, mechanical interlock and elastic damping, the stability problem of the angle head under complex working conditions is effectively solved. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the angle head and the main shaft according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection device between the angle head and the spindle described in this invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the connection device between the angle head and the main shaft described in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection device between the angle head and the spindle described in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic control module described in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping module described in this invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 An enlarged structural diagram at point A, showing the locked state; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the unlocked state described in the present invention.

[0018] Wherein: Main shaft 1; Angle head 2, tool holder 21; Power transmission module 3, gear bearing 31, transmission gear 32, output disc 33, bearing retaining ring 34; Pneumatic control module 4, stator 41, first sealing cavity 41a, first sealing ring 411, air source port 412, rotor 42, air outlet 421, second sealing ring 422; Clamping module 5, piston assembly 51, piston base 511, second sealing cavity 511a, piston groove 5111, unlocking part 5113, unlocking groove 5114, inclined surface 5115, air inlet 5116, piston ring 512, receiving groove 512a, receiving cavity 512b, third sealing ring 5121, boss 5122, fixing ring 513, mounting groove 5131, elastic element 514, transmission component 52, clamping component 53, annular component 531, locking groove 5311, positioning part 5312; Protective shield 6. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments: like Figures 1-3 As shown, this invention is applied to the connection between the spindle 1 and the angle head 2 of a machine tool in machining. The power transmission module 3, pneumatic control module 4, and clamping module 5 are all mounted on the spindle 1. The tool holder of the angle head 2 is connected to the spindle 1 and to the clamping module 5 via a clamping member 53. For ease of explanation, the axial direction of the spindle 1 is taken as the vertical direction, as shown below. Figure 4 The directions shown are the vertical up and down directions. Specifically: A connection device for an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength, comprising: A power transmission module 3 is used to transmit power from the spindle 1 to the angle head 2. The power transmission module 3 includes a transmission gear 32 connected to the spindle 1 via a gear bearing 31, and an output disk 33 sleeved on the spindle 1. The output disk 33 is clearance-connected to the spindle 1, and the upper end face of the output disk 33 is in contact with the lower end face of the transmission gear 32, and the two are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0020] In this embodiment, a bearing retaining ring 34 is connected to the lower end of the gear bearing 31, and the bearing retaining ring 34 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 1. The bearing retaining ring 34 is used for axial positioning to improve the stability and accuracy of the connection. The transmission gear 32 is also connected to a drive device through the transmission of the gear assembly. Through the transmission of the drive device and the gear assembly, the transmission gear 32 can be driven to rotate, which in turn drives the rotor, piston assembly and other mechanisms to rotate through the output disk 33, so as to provide power for the angle adjustment of the connecting device. The structure and connection method of the drive device and gear assembly mentioned above are all prior art, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0021] The pneumatic control module 4 includes a stator 41 and a rotor 42 that can rotate relative to each other, and the two are connected by a sealing assembly to form a closed air passage, so as to output gas pressure in the rotating state.

[0022] like Figure 4As shown, the rotor 42 is fixedly connected to the output disc 33 by bolts. The outer wall of the stator 41 is connected to the protective cover 6. The rotor 42 is fitted to the inner wall of the stator 41. At least two sets of grooves are provided on the inner wall of the stator 41, and a first sealing ring 411 is installed in the groove, forming a first sealing cavity 41a through the first sealing ring 411. An annular groove is provided at the lower end of the stator 41, and a second sealing ring 422 is provided in the groove, forming a seal with the piston base 511 through the second sealing ring 422. The stator 41 is also provided with a gas source port 412 communicating with the first sealing cavity 41a, and the gas source port 412 is connected to a gas generating device (not shown in the figure). The rotor 42 is provided with a gas outlet 421, which extends downward and communicates with the gas inlet 5116 provided at the bottom of the piston groove 5111.

[0023] like Figure 5 As shown, the clamping module 5 includes a piston assembly 51 controlled by air pressure, a transmission component 52, and a clamping component 53. The axial movement of the piston assembly 51 is converted into the radial locking force of the clamping component 53 through the transmission component 52.

[0024] The piston assembly 51 includes a piston base 511 and a piston ring 512. The piston base 511 is fixedly connected to the rotor 42. The piston base 511 is provided with a downward-opening annular piston groove 5111. The piston ring 512 is connected in the piston groove 5111 and can move axially in the piston groove 5111.

[0025] In this embodiment, for ease of connection, the piston base 511, rotor 42, and output disc 33 can be directly fixed together with bolts. Grooves are also provided on the inner and outer walls of the piston ring 512, and a third sealing ring 5121 is embedded therein, so that the piston ring 512 and the piston groove 5111 form a sealed second sealing cavity 511a. Furthermore, the first sealing cavity 41a, the outlet 421, the inlet 5116, and the second sealing cavity 511a together form a sealed air passage. The gas emitted by the gas generator enters the second sealing cavity 511a through the gas source port 412, the first sealing cavity 41a, the inlet 5116, and the outlet 421 to create air pressure, thereby driving the piston ring 512 to move.

[0026] The piston ring 512 has a receiving groove 512a on its inner wall to accommodate the clamping member 53. The receiving cavity 512b is provided on the outer wall of the receiving groove 512a to accommodate the transmission member 52, and the receiving cavity 512b is provided through the outer wall of the receiving groove 512a.

[0027] The transmission component 52 can be a sphere or a roller structure. In this embodiment, the transmission component 52 is taken as a sphere and specifically a steel ball, such as... Figures 1-8As shown, the width of the outer wall of the receiving groove 512a is smaller than the diameter of the transmission component 52. The receiving cavity 512b is cylindrical in shape, with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the transmission component 52, and its length direction is radial to the main shaft 1. This allows the transmission component 52 to move radially within the receiving cavity 512b. It should be noted that, to prevent the transmission component 52 from falling off when the angle head 2 is replaced, the diameter of the end of the receiving cavity 512b near the main shaft 1 is reduced, and the diameter of its end is smaller than the diameter of the transmission component 52.

[0028] The clamping member 53 includes an annular member 531, which is detachably connected within the receiving groove 512a. The outer wall of the piston groove 5111 extends axially downward to form an unlocking portion 5113, which is provided with an annular unlocking groove 5114. The upper sidewall of the unlocking groove 5114 is inclined, forming a slope 5115. An annular locking groove 5311 is provided on the outer wall of the annular member 531. In this embodiment, when the piston ring 512 moves axially to the receiving cavity 512b and connects with the unlocking groove 5114, part of the transmission member 52 is placed within the unlocking groove 5114, forming an unlocked state. At this time, the annular member 531 can be inserted upward into the receiving groove 512a. Figure 7 As shown, during the upward axial movement of the piston ring 512, the transmission member 52 slides along the inclined plane 5115 and moves radially. Part of the structure of the transmission member 52 is placed in the receiving groove 512a, forming a locked state. At this time, the transmission member 52 is in the locking groove 5311 and abuts against the upper side wall of the locking groove 5311, forming a locking of the clamping member 53.

[0029] The piston assembly 51 also includes a retaining ring 513 and an elastic element 514 connected to the piston base 511. The piston ring 512 extends circumferentially inward to form multiple bosses 5122. The retaining ring 513 has a mounting groove 5131. One end of the elastic element 514 is disposed within the mounting groove 5131, and the other end abuts against the bosses 5122. In this embodiment, the elastic element 514 can be a spring, a spring block, or other device with elastic potential energy. The retaining ring 513 is fixedly connected to the piston base 511 by bolts. The elastic element 514 causes the piston ring 512 to tend to move towards the bottom of the piston groove 5111 to reset, thereby having a driving tendency to lock the annular member 531. Furthermore, the lower end of the annular member 531 protrudes circumferentially to form an annular positioning portion 5312. The axial direction of the positioning portion 5312 is connected to the axial end face of the piston groove 5111, forming an end face positioning.

[0030] In this invention, the connection principle of the connecting device is as follows: Figures 7-8As shown, the gas source generating device emits gas, which enters the first sealing chamber 41a, the outlet 421, and the inlet 5116 sequentially from the gas source port 412 into the second sealing chamber 511a. High pressure is formed within the second sealing chamber 511a, driving the piston ring 512 to move axially downwards until it stops when the receiving chamber 512b connects with the unlocking groove 5114. At this point, the elastic element 514 is compressed. Then, the angle head 2 is removed downwards. During removal, the annular member 531 moves downwards, abutting against the transmission member 52 through the upper sidewall of the locking groove 5311. This causes the transmission member 52 to move from the receiving chamber 512b into the unlocking groove 5114, allowing the annular member 531 to completely disengage from the receiving groove 512a.

[0031] When replacing the new angle head 2, the annular member 531 moves upward within the receiving groove 512a until the upper end face of the positioning part 5312 contacts the lower end face of the unlocking part 5113 and stops. The gas generating device stops or generates negative pressure gas, the second sealing cavity 511a loses high pressure or forms negative pressure, and simultaneously, driven by the elastic element 514, the piston ring 512 moves upward. During this process, the transmission member 52 moves along the inclined plane 5115 and is contacted by the inclined plane 5115 within the receiving cavity 512b, moving radially until the transmission member 52 gradually protrudes inward from the receiving cavity 512b into the locking groove 5311. The piston ring 512 moves upward until the receiving cavity 512b is completely misaligned with the unlocking groove 5114, and the outer radial side of the transmission member 52 contacts the inner wall of the unlocking part 5113. At the same time, the transmission member 52 stops when it contacts the upper side wall of the locking groove 5311, completing the locking and completing the connection of the angle head 2.

[0032] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A connection device between an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength, characterized in that, include: The power transmission module is used to transmit the spindle power to the angle head; The pneumatic control module includes a stator and a rotor that can rotate relative to each other, and the two are connected by a sealing assembly to form a closed air passage, so as to output gas pressure in the rotating state. The clamping module includes a pneumatically controlled piston assembly, a transmission component, and a clamping component, wherein the transmission component converts the axial movement of the piston assembly into a radial locking force of the clamping component.

2. The connection device between an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor is provided with an air outlet, which is connected to the air inlet provided at the bottom of the piston assembly to form a continuous air path.

3. The connection device between the angle head and the spindle with high connection strength according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston assembly includes a piston base and a piston ring. The piston base is fixedly connected to the rotor. The piston base is provided with a piston groove. The piston ring is connected in the piston groove and can move axially in the piston groove.

4. The connection device between an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston ring has an inner wall with a receiving groove for accommodating the clamping member; the outer wall of the receiving groove has a receiving cavity for accommodating the transmission member, and the receiving cavity extends through the outer wall of the receiving groove.

5. The connection device between an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the piston groove extends axially to form an unlocking part, the unlocking part is provided with an unlocking groove, and the transmission part is placed in the unlocking groove to form an unlocking.

6. The connection device between an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the clamping member is provided with an annular locking groove, and the transmission member is not sealed in the locking groove to form a lock.

7. The connection device between an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston assembly also includes an elastic element, through which the piston ring tends to move toward the bottom of the piston groove to reset; The radial displacement of the transmission component is controlled by air pressure and the reset of the elastic element.

8. The connection device between an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength according to claim 7, characterized in that: The piston assembly further includes a retaining ring connected to the piston base, the piston ring extending circumferentially inward to form a plurality of bosses, and the elastic element connected between the retaining ring and the bosses.

9. The connection device between an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission component is a spherical or roller structure; The clamping member includes a separable annular component, which forms an annular positioning portion along the circumferential direction; the locking groove is disposed on the outer periphery of the annular component, and the axial direction of the positioning portion is connected to the axial end face of the piston groove.

10. The connection device between an angle head and a spindle with high connection strength according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power transmission module includes a transmission gear and an output disk connected to the main shaft, and the output disk is fixedly connected to the transmission gear and the rotor.

Images