Geopolymer composite material with directional hole structure as well as preparation method and application of geopolymer composite material

Abstract

The invention discloses a geopolymer composite material with a directional hole structure and a preparation method and application thereof, the geopolymer composite material comprises the following raw materials: 70-100 parts of fly ash, 10-30 parts of blast furnace slag powder, 55-65 parts of an alkali activator, 25-35 parts of fine river sand, and 2-3 parts of chopped fiber; a directional communicating pore channel structure extending in the preset forming direction is arranged in the geopolymer composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out dry mixing on fly ash, blast furnace slag powder and fine river sand to obtain a dry material; adding an alkaline activator into the dry material, and stirring to a uniform flowing state; adding chopped fibers and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture; extruding the mixture to obtain a directional communicated pore channel structure extending along the forming direction; and removing the mold, sealing and maintaining. According to the invention, HDGC ion thermoelectric enhancement of directional construction of a pore structure can be realized, and the thermoelectric performance is improved while high ductility and mechanical performance are ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to composite materials and its preparation and application, in particular to a geopolymer composite material with directional pore structure and its preparation method and application. BACKGROUND

[0002] Combining thermoelectric function with building materials can recover low-grade energy and reduce energy burden by using the huge exposed surface area of buildings. At the same time, new systems such as thermoelectric cement-based composites have gradually developed to meet the needs of urban heat island effect mitigation and waste heat utilization, and are considered to have significance for energy saving and emission reduction in the field of building. The existing research and engineering implementation of building thermoelectric materials mostly use carbon-based materials, metals and their oxides as functional fillers to form a thermoelectric response system mainly based on electronic conduction. The Seebeck coefficient is mostly 10 µV~500 µV, and the thermoelectric figure of merit ZT is usually less than 1×10 -5 In recent years, researchers have found that ion migration in the pore solution of cement-based materials can form an "ionic thermoelectric effect", and the ion Seebeck coefficient can reach 1 mV / K. However, the low thermoelectric performance is still an important reason restricting the development of building thermoelectric materials.

[0003] Geopolymer is a new type of inorganic cementitious material formed by activating the active of silicon and aluminum rich minerals with alkali activators. Its reaction mechanism, product composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties are completely different from cement systems. Geopolymer has more significant low energy consumption, high durability, uniform microstructure, and rich ions. For high ductility geopolymer composite (HDGC), it has excellent crack control and ductility potential, and is suitable for functional integration of load-bearing components. However, there is still a lack of directional ion transport channels in the matrix, resulting in low thermoelectric performance. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a HDGC ion thermoelectric enhancement scheme that can realize directional pore structure construction during material preparation, to improve the thermoelectric performance while ensuring high ductility and mechanical performance, and to provide support for the structural and functional integration of building materials. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a geopolymer composite material with directional pore structure, which has thermoelectric conversion function and high ductility. The present application also provides a simple, convenient, stable and reliable preparation method for a geopolymer composite material with directional pore structure. The present application further provides an application of a geopolymer composite material with directional pore structure in building envelope components and temperature difference response components.

[0005] Technical solution: The geopolymer composite material with directional pore structure of the present invention includes the following raw materials: 70-100 parts of fly ash, 10-30 parts of blast furnace slag powder, 55-65 parts of alkaline activator, 25-35 parts of fine river sand, and 2-3 parts of chopped fiber; the geopolymer composite material has an internal directional interconnected pore structure extending along a preset molding direction.

[0006] Furthermore, the directional interconnected pore structure includes a network of through-holes formed by coupling fiber-matrix interface pores, interlayer interconnected pores, and matrix gel pores.

[0007] Furthermore, the fly ash contains 1-10 wt% calcium oxide, and the blast furnace slag powder is grade S95 or S105. Partial replacement of fly ash with slag can make the microstructure more uniform, generate more gel hydration products, and the gel pores can amplify the differences in ion migration rates, thereby improving the thermoelectric level.

[0008] Furthermore, the alkaline activator is a mixture of liquid water glass, sodium hydroxide, and water, with a modulus of 1.4 to 1.8. A suitable activator modulus is beneficial for the stable progress of the polymer condensation reaction, while ensuring the rheological properties of the freshly mixed slurry.

[0009] Furthermore, the fine river sand is smooth-surfaced river sand with a particle size not exceeding 0.6 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the chopped fibers have a length of 8–14 mm, an ultimate elongation of 5–8%, and a tensile strength of at least 1000 MPa. A chopped fiber length less than 8 mm reduces the fiber's bridging ability, making it difficult to achieve ductility and weakening its guiding effect on the oriented pore structure; a chopped fiber length greater than 14 mm reduces fiber dispersion and increases the risk of nozzle clogging. The design theory of high-ductility composite materials has been verified to significantly improve the material's ductility.

[0011] Furthermore, the chopped fibers are organic synthetic chopped fibers or carbon-based chopped fibers. Preferably, the chopped fibers are PVA chopped fibers and chopped carbon fibers.

[0012] The method for preparing the geopolymer composite material with directional pore structure according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Dry mix fly ash with blast furnace slag powder and fine river sand to obtain dry material;

[0014] Step 2: Add the alkaline activator to the dry material and stir until it reaches a uniform, fluid state;

[0015] Step 3: Add chopped fibers to the mixture obtained in Step 2 and stir until homogeneous to obtain a mixture;

[0016] Step 4: Extrude the mixture or 3D print it by extrusion and stacking to obtain a directional interconnected channel structure extending along the molding direction;

[0017] Step 5: Demold and seal, cure, and obtain a geopolymer composite material with oriented pore structure.

[0018] Furthermore, the nozzle diameter for extrusion molding and 3D printing extrusion stacking is 10~15mm, and the extrusion speed is 1~50mm / s. An extrusion speed greater than 50mm / s will reduce the structural stability.

[0019] Furthermore, in step five, the curing temperature is 18~22℃, and the curing time is 14 days.

[0020] This invention provides the application of a geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure in building envelope components and temperature-response components.

[0021] Preparation principle: such as Figure 1 By controlling the rheological properties of the slurry, a stable laminar shear field is formed inside the nozzle. Utilizing the orientation characteristics of chopped PVA fibers in the shear flow, the fibers are aligned along the extrusion direction to form an oriented structure. Microscale pore bands are preferentially formed between the fibers, thereby constructing a continuously distributed network of interconnected channels along the extrusion direction. The formation of this pore structure is directionally controllable and repeatable. The density and orientation degree of the interconnected channels can be adjusted by controlling the extrusion speed, nozzle size, fiber content, and slurry yield stress.

[0022] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant features:

[0023] 1. HDGC ion thermoelectric enhancement, which can realize the directional construction of pore structure, improves thermoelectric performance while ensuring high ductility and mechanical properties, and high ductility load-bearing capacity, provides material and method support for the integration of structure and function in building materials;

[0024] 2. Compared with existing thermoelectric building materials, it does not add functional fillers, has low cost and high thermoelectric performance. It focuses on the material itself, constructs a directional interconnected pore structure, and leverages the ion-rich advantage of geopolymer materials. It is simple to prepare and has small performance fluctuations.

[0025] 3. After preparation, it can stably obtain tensile ductility >4%, Seebeck coefficient > -6mV / K, and thermoelectric figure of merit >3×10⁻⁶. -3 Highly ductile polymer-based composite materials;

[0026] 4. It can realize the integration of structure, intelligence, environmental protection and economy of building structure cladding layer and repair and reinforcement layer, and provide reliable solutions for its wide application in urban waste heat utilization, building surface cooling, green and intelligent monitoring of structure;

[0027] 5. This invention belongs to a high ductility material system, which has excellent crack control performance. It emphasizes the structural material properties of "load-bearing capacity, deformability, and multi-crack refinement". It still has service potential under cracking or loading environment, which is in line with engineering service scenarios.

[0028] 6. The pore structure design concept of this invention is based on the material itself. By controlling the rheological properties of the material and the molding process, fiber orientation can be induced to form an anisotropic pore structure, providing a macroscopically controllable path basis for directional ion migration. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the preparation principle of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a uniaxial tensile stress-strain curve of the material obtained in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a uniaxial tensile stress-strain curve of the material obtained in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a physical image of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a uniaxial tensile stress-strain curve of the material obtained in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the Seebeck coefficients in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a comparison diagram of the thermoelectric voltage of the products obtained in Examples 1-3 of the present invention and the product obtained in Comparative Example 1;

[0036] Figure 8 These are comparative illustrations of the three-dimensional hole structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a comparison diagram of the aperture distribution of Embodiment 3 and Comparative Example 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available. Experimental methods not specifically described in the embodiments are generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. The fly ash has a calcium oxide content of 1-10 wt% and an average particle size of 17 μm. The alkaline activator is a mixture of liquid water glass, sodium hydroxide, and water. The blast furnace slag powder has an average particle size of 14 μm. The fine river sand is smooth-surfaced river sand with a particle size not exceeding 0.6 mm.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A method for preparing a geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure includes the following steps:

[0041] (1) Weigh the raw materials: 90 parts fly ash, 10 parts S95 grade blast furnace slag powder, 60 parts alkaline activator with modulus 1.6, 2.6 parts PVA chopped fibers, and 30 parts fine river sand. The length of the chopped fibers is 12 mm, the ultimate elongation is 6%, and the tensile strength is 1200 MPa.

[0042] (2) Dry mix fly ash, slag sand and fine river sand in a mixer for 2 minutes. The mixer blades rotate at a frequency of 140 rpm. Add alkaline activator and mix for 3 minutes. First mix at 140 rpm for 1 minute, then mix at 285 rpm for 2 minutes.

[0043] (3) Add short-cut fibers and stir for 2 minutes. Stir at low speed for 2 minutes until it becomes fluid, with a speed of 140 rpm. Stir at low speed for 1 minute and then stir at high speed for 2 minutes, with a speed of 285 rpm, to obtain the mixture.

[0044] (4) The mixture is loaded into the grouting sleeve and extruded. The nozzle diameter is 12mm and the extrusion speed is 20mm / s to obtain a directional interconnected channel structure extending along the molding direction.

[0045] (5) After 24 hours, remove the mold and seal it in a plastic bag. Cure it at 20±2℃ for 14 days. After curing, cut the test block. The cut surface should be perpendicular to the molding direction. Add electrodes to the cut test block.

[0046] The geopolymer composite material obtained in this embodiment has an internal directional interconnected pore structure extending along a preset molding direction, including a through-pore network formed by the coupling of fiber-matrix interface pores, interlayer interconnected pores and matrix gel pores.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] A method for preparing a geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure includes the following steps:

[0049] (1) Weigh the raw materials: 80 parts fly ash, 20 parts S95 grade blast furnace slag powder, 60 parts alkaline activator with modulus 1.6, 2 parts chopped carbon fiber, and 30 parts fine river sand. The length of the chopped fiber is 12 mm, the ultimate elongation is 6%, and the tensile strength is 1200 MPa.

[0050] (2) Dry mix fly ash, slag sand and fine river sand in a mixer for 2 minutes. The mixer blades rotate at a frequency of 140 rpm. Add alkaline activator and mix for 3 minutes. First mix at 140 rpm for 1 minute, then mix at 285 rpm for 2 minutes.

[0051] (3) Add short-cut fibers and stir for 2 minutes. Stir at low speed for 2 minutes until it becomes fluid, with a speed of 140 rpm. Stir at low speed for 1 minute and then stir at high speed for 2 minutes, with a speed of 285 rpm, to obtain the mixture.

[0052] (4) The mixture is loaded into the grouting sleeve and extruded. The nozzle diameter is 12mm and the extrusion speed is 20mm / s to obtain a directional interconnected channel structure extending along the molding direction.

[0053] (5) After 24 hours, remove the mold and seal it in a plastic bag. Cure it at 20±2℃ for 14 days. After curing, cut the test block. The cut surface should be perpendicular to the molding direction. Add electrodes to the cut test block.

[0054] The geopolymer composite material obtained in this embodiment has an internal directional interconnected pore structure extending along a preset molding direction, including a through-pore network formed by the coupling of fiber-matrix interface pores, interlayer interconnected pores and matrix gel pores.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] A method for preparing a geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure includes the following steps:

[0057] (1) Weigh the raw materials: 70 parts fly ash, 30 parts S95 grade blast furnace slag powder, 60 parts alkaline activator with a modulus of 1.6, 2.6 parts PVA chopped fibers, and 30 parts fine river sand. The length of the chopped fibers is 12 mm, the ultimate elongation is 6%, and the tensile strength is 1200 MPa.

[0058] (2) Dry mix fly ash, slag sand and fine river sand in a mixer for 2 minutes. The mixer blades rotate at a frequency of 140 rpm. Add alkaline activator and mix for 3 minutes. First mix at 140 rpm for 1 minute, then mix at 285 rpm for 2 minutes.

[0059] (3) Add short-cut fibers and stir for 2 minutes. Stir at low speed for 2 minutes until it becomes fluid, with a speed of 140 rpm. Stir at low speed for 1 minute and then stir at high speed for 2 minutes, with a speed of 285 rpm, to obtain the mixture.

[0060] (4) The mixture is loaded into the grouting sleeve and extruded. The nozzle diameter is 12mm and the extrusion speed is 20mm / s to obtain a directional interconnected channel structure extending along the molding direction.

[0061] (5) After 24 hours, remove the mold and seal it in a plastic bag. Cure it at 20±2℃ for 14 days. After curing, cut the test block. The cut surface should be perpendicular to the molding direction. Add electrodes to the cut test block.

[0062] The geopolymer composite material obtained in this embodiment has an internal directional interconnected pore structure extending along a preset molding direction, including a through-pore network formed by the coupling of fiber-matrix interface pores, interlayer interconnected pores and matrix gel pores.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] A method for preparing a geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure includes the following steps:

[0065] (1) Weigh the raw materials: 100 parts fly ash, 15 parts S95 grade blast furnace slag powder, 55 parts alkaline activator with modulus 1.4, 3 parts PVA chopped fibers, and 25 parts fine river sand. The length of the chopped fibers is 8 mm, the ultimate elongation is 5%, and the tensile strength is 1200 MPa.

[0066] (2) Dry mix fly ash, slag sand and fine river sand in a mixer for 1 minute. The mixer blades rotate at a frequency of 140 rpm. Add alkaline activator and mix for 3 minutes. First mix at 140 rpm for 1 minute, then mix at 285 rpm for 2 minutes.

[0067] (3) Add short-cut fibers and stir for 2 minutes. Stir at low speed for 2 minutes until it becomes fluid, with a speed of 140 rpm. Stir at low speed for 1 minute and then stir at high speed for 2 minutes, with a speed of 285 rpm, to obtain the mixture.

[0068] (4) The mixture is loaded into the grouting sleeve and 3D printed and extruded to form a stack. The nozzle diameter is 10mm and the extrusion speed is 20mm / s to obtain a directional interconnected channel structure extending along the forming direction.

[0069] (5) After 24 hours, remove the mold and seal it in a plastic bag. Cure it at 20±2℃ for 14 days. After curing, cut the test block. The cut surface should be perpendicular to the molding direction. Add electrodes to the cut test block.

[0070] The geopolymer composite material obtained in this embodiment has an internal directional interconnected pore structure extending along a preset molding direction, including a through-pore network formed by the coupling of fiber-matrix interface pores, interlayer interconnected pores and matrix gel pores.

[0071] Example 5

[0072] A method for preparing a geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure includes the following steps:

[0073] (1) Weighing raw materials: 85 parts fly ash, 25 parts S105 grade blast furnace slag powder, 65 parts alkaline activator with modulus 1.8, 2.2 parts carbon-based chopped fiber, and 35 parts fine river sand. The length of the chopped fiber is 14 mm, the ultimate elongation is 8%, and the tensile strength is 1100 MPa.

[0074] (2) Dry mix fly ash, slag sand and fine river sand in a mixer for 2 minutes. The mixer blades rotate at a frequency of 140 rpm. Add alkaline activator and mix for 3 minutes. First mix at 140 rpm for 1 minute, then mix at 285 rpm for 2 minutes.

[0075] (3) Add short-cut fibers and stir for 2 minutes. Stir at low speed for 2 minutes until it becomes fluid, with a speed of 140 rpm. Stir at low speed for 1 minute and then stir at high speed for 2 minutes, with a speed of 285 rpm, to obtain the mixture.

[0076] (4) The mixture is loaded into the grouting sleeve and extruded or 3D printed and stacked. The nozzle diameter is 15mm and the extrusion speed is 20mm / s to obtain a directional interconnected channel structure extending along the molding direction.

[0077] (5) After 24 hours, remove the mold and seal it in a plastic bag. Cure it at 20±2℃ for 14 days. After curing, cut the test block. The cut surface should be perpendicular to the molding direction. Add electrodes to the cut test block.

[0078] The geopolymer composite material obtained in this embodiment has an internal directional interconnected pore structure extending along a preset molding direction, including a through-pore network formed by the coupling of fiber-matrix interface pores, interlayer interconnected pores and matrix gel pores.

[0079] Application Example 1

[0080] The geopolymer composite material obtained in Example 3 was used to prepare building envelope components. Specifically, an oriented interconnected pore structure was constructed through extrusion shear induction, creating an anisotropic transport network within the material. Mechanical and thermoelectric properties were characterized, revealing that the material not only possesses excellent crack control and deformation coordination capabilities but also exhibits a stable and enhanced ion thermoelectric response under temperature difference conditions. This makes it suitable for building envelope systems with structural load-bearing and functional monitoring requirements. Application Example 2

[0081] The geopolymer composite material obtained in Example 3 was used to prepare a thermo-responsive component. Specifically, an oriented interconnected pore structure was constructed through extrusion shear induction, forming an anisotropic transport network within the material. Mechanical and thermoelectric properties were characterized, revealing that the component achieved a synergistic enhancement of both structural load-bearing and ion transport functions, exhibited a stable and reliable voltage signal, and demonstrated a stable thermo-responsive design.

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] (1) Weigh the raw materials: 80 parts fly ash, 20 parts blast furnace slag, 60 parts 1.6 modulus alkaline activator, 2.6 parts PVA fiber, and 30 parts fine river sand.

[0084] (2) Dry mix fly ash, slag sand and fine river sand in a mixer for 1-2 minutes. The mixer blades rotate at a frequency of 140 rpm. Add alkaline activator and mix for 3 minutes. First mix at 140 rpm for 1 minute, then mix at 285 rpm for 2 minutes.

[0085] (3) Add fiber and stir for 2 minutes, then stir at low speed for 2 minutes until it becomes fluid, with a speed of 140~150 rpm; stir at low speed for 1 minute and then stir at high speed for 2 minutes, with a speed of 280~300 rpm.

[0086] (4) The test block was vibrated to compact it after being placed in the test mold. After 24 hours, it was demolded and sealed in a plastic bag. It was cured at 20±2℃ for 14 days. After curing, electrodes were added to the test block.

[0087] The results showed that the internal fiber arrangement was random, and the resulting pores were disordered, such as... Figure 8 As shown in Comparative Example 1.

[0088] Comparative Example 2

[0089] The remaining steps of this comparative example are the same as those of Example 3, except that the length of the PVA chopped fiber is replaced with 5 mm, the ultimate elongation is 4%, and the tensile strength is 800 MPa.

[0090] Comparative Example 3

[0091] The remaining steps of this comparative example are the same as those of Example 3, except that the length of the PVA chopped fiber is replaced with 20 mm, the ultimate elongation is 10%, and the tensile strength is 1000 MPa.

[0092] The products obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were subjected to compressive strength tests according to GB / T17671-2021 "Test Method for Strength of Cement Mortar" and tensile ductility tests according to JC / T2461-2018 "Experimental Method for Mechanical Properties of High-Ductility Fiber Reinforced Cement-Based Composite Materials". The Seebeck coefficient was measured using a self-made temperature difference voltage test device, the electrical conductivity was measured using the AC impedance method, and the thermal conductivity was measured using a transient plane heat source thermal conductivity instrument, as shown in Table 1.

[0093] Table 1. Test results of relevant parameters of the products obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0094]

[0095] like Figure 2 As can be seen from the tensile behavior of Example 1, its tensile ductility can reach 5.5%.

[0096] like Figure 3 As can be seen from the tensile behavior of Example 2, its tensile ductility can reach 4%.

[0097] like Figure 4 As can be seen from the appearance of Example 3, the middle part is the HDGC substrate and the two sides are equipped with electrodes.

[0098] like Figure 5 As can be seen from the tensile behavior of Example 3, its tensile ductility can reach 4%.

[0099] like Figure 6 As can be seen from the curve of thermoelectric temperature difference in Example 3 as a function of temperature, when the temperature difference reaches 20 degrees, its Seebeck coefficient can reach -6.13 mV / K.

[0100] like Figure 7 By comparison, it can be seen that Example 3 has a higher Seebeck coefficient and stronger thermoelectric performance.

[0101] like Figure 8 Through X-CT three-dimensional views, it can be seen that Example 3 has a directionally distributed hole structure, and the proportion of directionally connected holes is as high as 70%, which is much higher than that of Comparative Example 1.

[0102] like Figure 9 Unlike the comparative example, it can be seen that the pore size distribution of Example 3 is significantly shifted to the larger pore size range, which to some extent indicates that the material has formed a pore structure system dominated by directional transition pores.

[0103] The technical indicators tested above show that the directional porous high-ductility geopolymer composite material prepared in the embodiments of the present invention has excellent thermoelectric properties (>6mV / K) and excellent tensile elongation (>4%). The optimal embodiment is Example 3. The fiber length affects the tensile ductility and ionic thermoelectric properties.

Claims

1. A geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure, characterized in that: The raw materials include: 70-100 parts fly ash, 10-30 parts blast furnace slag powder, 55-65 parts alkaline activator, 25-35 parts fine river sand, and 2-3 parts chopped fiber; the geopolymer composite material has an internal directional interconnected channel structure extending along a preset molding direction.

2. The geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional interconnected pore structure includes a network of through-holes formed by coupling fiber-matrix interface pores, interlayer interconnected pores, and matrix gel pores.

3. The geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fly ash has a particle size of 5~120 μm and a calcium oxide content of 1~10 wt%, and the blast furnace slag powder is grade S95 or S105.

4. The geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkaline activator is a mixture of liquid water glass, sodium hydroxide and water, with a modulus of 1.4 to 1.

8.

5. The geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine river sand is smooth-surfaced river sand with a particle size not exceeding 0.6 mm.

6. The geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chopped fibers have a length of 8-14 mm, an ultimate elongation of 5-8%, and a tensile strength of at least 1000 MPa.

7. The geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chopped fibers are organic synthetic chopped fibers or carbon-based chopped fibers.

8. A method for preparing a geopolymer composite material with a directional pore structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Dry mix fly ash with blast furnace slag powder and fine river sand to obtain dry material; Step 2: Add the alkaline activator to the dry material and stir until it reaches a uniform, fluid state; Step 3: Add chopped fibers to the mixture obtained in Step 2 and stir until homogeneous to obtain a mixture; Step 4: Extrude the mixture or 3D print it by extrusion and stacking to obtain a directional interconnected channel structure extending along the molding direction; Step 5: Demold and seal, cure, and obtain a geopolymer composite material with oriented pore structure.

9. The method for preparing the geopolymer composite material with directional pore structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The nozzle diameter for extrusion molding and 3D printing extrusion stacking is 10~15mm, and the extrusion speed is 1~50mm / s.

10. The application of the geopolymer composite material with directional pore structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in building envelope components and temperature-response components.

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