Construction method for connecting side face of newly-built diaphragm wall with existing diaphragm wall

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method for connecting the side face of a newly-built diaphragm wall with an existing diaphragm wall, which comprises the following steps of: constructing the newly-built diaphragm wall on one side of the existing diaphragm wall, so that the side face, facing the existing diaphragm wall, of the newly-built diaphragm wall and the existing diaphragm wall are spaced to form a closed width groove body; h-shaped profile steel is installed on the side face, facing the existing diaphragm wall, of the newly-built diaphragm wall; vertical operation is conducted in the closed width groove body through a groove milling machine, and protective layer concrete on the portion, corresponding to the closed width groove body, of the surface of the existing diaphragm wall is milled away till the existing reinforcement cage is exposed; a closed width reinforcement cage is inserted into the closed width groove body, a groove is formed in the side, facing the existing diaphragm wall, of the closed width reinforcement cage, fragile filling strips are arranged in the groove, and the closed width reinforcement cage is provided with elastic joint leaking stoppage devices on the two sides of the closed width reinforcement cage respectively. According to the construction method for connecting the side face of the newly-built underground diaphragm wall with the existing underground diaphragm wall, the integrity can be improved, and the impermeability can also be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of diaphragm wall construction technology, specifically to a construction method for connecting the side of a newly built diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall. Background Technology

[0002] In underground engineering, diaphragm walls are widely used as retaining structures. When a new diaphragm wall needs to connect to an existing diaphragm wall structure on its side, and the existing diaphragm wall lacks pre-installed joints, the conventional approach is a rigid connection. This results in a situation where, after the new diaphragm wall is constructed, the connection point is merely surface-to-surface, failing to form a unified structure. After excavation, as external water and soil pressure increases, the joint at the connection point is prone to perforation, leading to the risk of water and sand inrush. This poses significant safety risks to personnel and equipment working inside the pit, and can also cause deformation of surrounding sensitive buildings, resulting in substantial economic losses for subsequent emergency rescue and disaster relief. Therefore, it is urgent to address the issues of the integrity and impermeability of the connection point between the new and old diaphragm walls. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a construction method for connecting the side of a new diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall, which can improve both the integrity and the impermeability.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A construction method for connecting a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall includes the following steps: S1. Construct a new diaphragm wall on one side of the existing diaphragm wall, so that the side of the new diaphragm wall facing the existing diaphragm wall forms a closed groove with the existing diaphragm wall at intervals, and install H-shaped steel on the side of the new diaphragm wall facing the existing diaphragm wall. S2. Using a milling machine, vertically operate within the closed trench to mill away the protective concrete layer on the surface of the existing diaphragm wall corresponding to the closed trench, until the existing reinforcing cage is exposed. S3. Insert the closed-width reinforcing cage into the closed-width groove. The closed-width reinforcing cage has a groove on the side facing the existing ground diaphragm wall. The groove is filled with a fragile filling strip. The closed-width reinforcing cage has elastic joint sealing devices on both sides. One side of the closed-width reinforcing cage is inserted and pressed against the H-shaped steel, and the other side is pressed against the existing reinforcing cage through the joint sealing device, so that the filling strip is pressed against the existing reinforcing cage. S4. Pour concrete into the closed groove to form a closed connection body; S5. After the closed-width connector reaches the design strength, the filler strip is broken to form grouting holes; S6. Inject waterproof cement mortar into the grouting holes to enhance waterproofing; S7. Excavate the soil on both sides of the newly built diaphragm wall layer by layer from top to bottom. After each layer of soil is excavated, connect the internal corner sealing device at the angle between the existing diaphragm wall and the closed-width connector, and connect the upper and lower internal corner sealing devices together.

[0005] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: The joint sealing device includes an elastic connecting component and an expansion strip. The elastic connecting component is installed on the closed-width reinforcing cage, and the expansion strip is connected to the elastic connecting component. In step S3, the expansion strip is placed between the existing reinforcing cage and the elastic connecting component.

[0006] Both the elastic connecting component and the expansion strip extend along the height direction of the closed groove.

[0007] The elastic connection assembly includes a housing, a connecting plate, and multiple springs. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the expansion strip on one side facing the closed-width steel cage. The opening side of the housing is movably sleeved with the connecting plate, and the other side is fixed to the closed-width steel cage. Each spring is located between the housing and the connecting plate. In step S3, the spring is pressed against the space between the housing and the connecting plate.

[0008] The box body is equipped with a retaining ring, which is securely connected to the closed-width steel reinforcement cage.

[0009] The corner sealing device includes a corner plate and a sealing body. In step S7, the two sides of the corner plate are fixed to the existing ground diaphragm wall and the closed-width connector respectively, and the sealing body is clamped between the corner plate, the existing ground diaphragm wall and the closed-width connector, so that the upper and lower corner plates are connected.

[0010] The corner plate is provided with wing plates on both sides. The wing plates on both sides of the corner plate are fixed to the existing ground diaphragm wall and the closed-width connector by bolts. The upper and lower corner plates are joined by tenons and mortises.

[0011] The corner plate is provided with a grouting port, and the grouting port is connected to a grouting valve. In step S7, if there is leakage in the internal corner sealing device, cement grout is injected into the grouting valve until the leakage is eliminated.

[0012] The milling machine is equipped with a telescopic jacking device on one side and a wire brush on the other side. The head of the milling machine is equipped with a milling cutter. In step S2, when the milling machine operates vertically within the closed trench, the milling cutter removes the protective concrete layer from the surface of the existing diaphragm wall and the corresponding part of the closed trench. The wire brush removes debris from the surface of the existing diaphragm wall. The telescopic jacking device pushes the H-shaped steel to provide the milling cutter's reaction force and adjust the milling depth.

[0013] Multiple telescopic jacking devices are provided and are spaced apart along the forward direction of the milling machine.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: The construction method of connecting a new diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to the present invention has two aspects. First, a closed-width connector is constructed between the existing and new diaphragm walls. One side of the closed-width connector is secured to an H-shaped steel section, and the other side is secured to the existing steel reinforcement cage via a joint sealing device. The elastic expansion and contraction of the joint sealing device improves the seepage prevention between the closed-width connector and the existing diaphragm wall. Furthermore, waterproof cement mortar is injected between the closed-width connector and the existing diaphragm wall through grouting holes in subsequent steps to further enhance waterproofing, achieving excellent seepage prevention. Second, the soil is excavated layer by layer, and the corner sealing devices are connected layer by layer, connecting the existing diaphragm wall and the closed-width connector into a unified structure, improving overall integrity. In other words, this construction method of connecting a new diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall improves both the overall integrity of the new and old diaphragm walls (new and existing diaphragm walls) and the seepage prevention between them. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the closed groove 4 formed in S1 in the construction method of connecting the side of the newly built diaphragm wall to the existing diaphragm wall according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the construction method of connecting the side of a newly built diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to the present invention, with the milling machine operating in S2.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the construction method of connecting the side of a newly built diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall in the present invention, forming a closed-width connection body in S4.

[0018] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged structural diagram of point A.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting hole formation in S5 of the construction method for connecting the side of a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the construction method of connecting the side of a newly built diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall in the present invention, specifically the connection of the internal corner sealing device in step S7.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the joint sealing device in the construction method of connecting the side of a newly built diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the docking structure of the corner plate connecting the side of the newly built diaphragm wall to the existing diaphragm wall according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the corner plate connecting the side of the newly built diaphragm wall to the existing diaphragm wall according to the present invention.

[0024] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Existing diaphragm wall; 10. Soil; 2. Closed-width connector; 3. New diaphragm wall; 31. H-beam; 4. Closed-width groove; 5. Milling machine; 51. Telescopic jacking device; 52. Milling cutter; 53. Wire brush; 6. Closed-width reinforcement cage; 61. Groove; 7. Joint sealing device; 71. Elastic connection component; 711. Box; 712. Connecting plate; 713. Spring; 714. Snap ring; 72. Expansion strip; 8. Filler strip; 81. Grouting hole; 9. Corner sealing device; 91. Corner plate; 911. Wing plate; 912. Tenon; 913. Mortise; 914. Grouting port; 915. Grouting valve; 92. Sealing body. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] Figures 1 to 9This invention illustrates an embodiment of a construction method for connecting a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall on its side. The construction method of this embodiment includes the following steps: S1. Construct a new diaphragm wall 3 on one side of the existing diaphragm wall 1, such that the side of the new diaphragm wall 3 facing the existing diaphragm wall 1 forms a closed channel 4 with the existing diaphragm wall 1 at intervals, and install H-shaped steel 31 on the side of the new diaphragm wall 3 facing the existing diaphragm wall 1, such as Figure 1 As shown; S2. Using a milling machine 5, vertical operations are performed within the closed trench 4 to mill away the protective concrete layer on the surface of the existing diaphragm wall 1 corresponding to the portion of the closed trench 4, until the existing reinforcing cage is exposed. Figure 2 As shown; S3. Insert a closed-width reinforcing cage 6 into the closed-width groove 4. The closed-width reinforcing cage 6 has a groove 61 on the side facing the existing ground diaphragm wall 1. The groove 61 contains a fragile filler strip 8. The closed-width reinforcing cage 6 has elastic joint sealing devices 7 on both sides. One side of the closed-width reinforcing cage 6 is inserted and pressed against the H-shaped steel section 31, while the other side is pressed against the existing reinforcing cage through the joint sealing device 7. The filler strip 8 is pressed against the existing reinforcing cage. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown; S4. Pour concrete into the closed-width groove 4 to form the closed-width connector 2, such as Figure 3 As shown; S5. After the closed-width connector reaches its design strength, the filler strip 8 is broken to form grouting holes 81, such as... Figure 5 As shown; S6. Inject waterproof cement mortar into grouting hole 81 to enhance waterproofing; S7. Excavate the soil 10 on both sides of the newly constructed diaphragm wall 3 layer by layer from top to bottom. At each layer of soil 10 excavated, connect the internal corner sealing device 9 at the angle between the existing diaphragm wall 1 and the closed-width connecting body 2, and align the upper and lower internal corner sealing devices 9 together. Figure 6 As shown.

[0030] This construction method for connecting the side of a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall involves two aspects. First, a closed-width connector 2 is constructed to connect the existing diaphragm wall 1 and the newly constructed diaphragm wall 3. One side of the closed-width connector 2 is secured to an H-shaped steel section 31, while the other side is secured to the existing steel reinforcement cage via a joint sealing device 7. The elastic expansion and contraction of the joint sealing device 7 improves the seepage prevention between the closed-width connector 2 and the existing diaphragm wall 1. Furthermore, waterproof cement mortar is injected between the closed-width connector 2 and the existing diaphragm wall 1 through grouting holes 81 in subsequent steps to enhance waterproofing, achieving excellent seepage prevention. Second, the soil 10 is excavated layer by layer, and the corner sealing devices 9 are connected layer by layer, connecting the existing diaphragm wall 1 and the closed-width connector 2 into a unified structure, improving overall integrity. In other words, this construction method for connecting the side of a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall not only improves the overall integrity of the new and old diaphragm walls (new diaphragm wall 3 and existing diaphragm wall 1) but also enhances the seepage prevention between them.

[0031] It should be noted that the newly built diaphragm wall 3 is constructed perpendicular to the existing diaphragm wall 1. The newly built diaphragm wall 3 and the closed-width connector 2 are coplanarly connected by H-shaped steel 31. Perpendicular to the newly built diaphragm wall 3, the newly built diaphragm wall 3 and the closed-width connector 2 form a good integrity and seepage prevention under the connection of the H-shaped steel 31. That is, the integrity and seepage prevention of the closed-width connector 2 and the existing diaphragm wall 1 reflect the integrity and seepage prevention of the newly built diaphragm wall 3 and the existing diaphragm wall 1.

[0032] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the joint sealing device 7 includes an elastic connecting component 71 and an expansion strip 72. The elastic connecting component 71 is installed on the closed-width steel cage 6, and the expansion strip 72 is connected to the elastic connecting component 71. In S3, the expansion strip 72 is placed between the existing steel cage and the elastic connecting component 71.

[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, both the elastic connecting component 71 and the expansion strip 72 extend along the height direction of the closed channel 4. Under the elastic pushing action of the elastic connecting component 71, the expansion strip 72 can remain tightly pressed against the existing ground diaphragm wall 1, maintaining good seepage prevention. Preferably, both the elastic connecting component 71 and the expansion strip 72 penetrate to the top and bottom surfaces of the closed channel 4, improving the overall seepage prevention at the connection point.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, the elastic connection assembly 71 includes a housing 711, a connecting plate 712, and multiple springs 713. The connecting plate 712 is fixedly connected to the expansion bar 72 on the side facing the closed-width reinforcing cage 6. The open side of the housing 711 is movably sleeved with the connecting plate 712, and the other side is fixed to the closed-width reinforcing cage 6. Each spring 713 is disposed between the housing 711 and the connecting plate 712. In S3, the springs 713 are pressed against the housing 711 and the connecting plate 712. On the one hand, the springs 713 provide elastic resistance to the expansion bar 72 between the housing 711 and the connecting plate 712. On the other hand, the springs 713 are disposed inside the housing 711, and the connecting plate 712 is adapted to and movably sleeved with the open side of the housing 711, which can prevent slurry from entering the housing 711 and affecting the elastic force of the springs 713.

[0035] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the box body 711 is provided with a retaining ring 714, which is fastened to the closed-width steel cage 6, making it easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the corner sealing device 9 includes a corner plate 91 and a sealing body 92. In step S7, the two sides of the corner plate 91 are fixed to the existing diaphragm wall 1 and the closed-width connector 2, respectively. The sealing body 92 is clamped between the corner plate 91, the existing diaphragm wall 1, and the closed-width connector 2, so that the upper and lower corner plates 91 are joined together. On the one hand, under the connecting action of the corner plate 91, the existing diaphragm wall 1 and the closed-width connector 2 are connected into one body, strengthening the overall integrity; on the other hand, under the sealing action of the sealing body 92, the seepage prevention is further improved. Preferably, the upper and lower sealing bodies 92 are bonded together.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, wing plates 911 are respectively provided on both sides of the corner plate 91. The wing plates 911 on both sides of the corner plate 91 are fixed to the existing ground diaphragm wall 1 and the closed-width connector 2 by bolts, which facilitates the connection operation. Figure 8 As shown, the upper and lower corner plates 91 are joined by tenons 912 and mortises 913 to improve the connection effect. Specifically, the tenons 912 and mortises 913 are respectively set on opposite sides of the two corner plates 91.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the corner plate 91 is provided with a grouting port 914, and the grouting port 914 is connected to a grouting valve 915. In S7, if there is leakage in the internal corner sealing device 9, cement grout is injected into the grouting valve 915 until the leakage is eliminated, thereby further improving the impermeability.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the milling machine 5 is equipped with a telescopic jacking device 51 on one side and a wire brush 53 on the other side. The head of the milling machine 5 is equipped with a milling cutter 52. In step S2, when the milling machine 5 operates vertically within the closed trench 4, the milling cutter 52 removes the protective concrete layer from the surface of the existing diaphragm wall 1 corresponding to the portion of the closed trench 4, the wire brush 53 removes debris from the surface of the existing diaphragm wall 1, and the telescopic jacking device 51 pushes the H-shaped steel 31 to provide a reaction force for the milling cutter 52 and adjust the milling depth of the milling cutter 52. This milling machine 5, through vertical operation, can effectively remove the protective concrete layer from the surface of the existing diaphragm wall 1 corresponding to the portion of the closed trench 4, and also remove debris from the surface of the existing diaphragm wall 1, resulting in high operating efficiency and good working effect.

[0040] Furthermore, in this embodiment, multiple telescopic jacking devices 51 are provided and spaced apart along the forward direction of the milling machine 5. Each telescopic jacking device 51 is individually controlled to extend and retract, which facilitates adaptive adjustment according to the actual path.

[0041] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for connecting a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall on its side, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Construct a new diaphragm wall (3) on one side of the existing diaphragm wall (1), so that the side of the new diaphragm wall (3) facing the existing diaphragm wall (1) forms a closed groove (4) with the existing diaphragm wall (1) at intervals, and install H-shaped steel (31) on the side of the new diaphragm wall (3) facing the existing diaphragm wall (1). S2. Using a milling machine (5), vertically operate within the closed trench (4) to mill away the protective concrete layer on the surface of the existing diaphragm wall (1) corresponding to the closed trench (4) until the existing steel cage is exposed. S3. Insert the closed-width steel cage (6) into the closed-width groove (4). The closed-width steel cage (6) has a groove (61) on the side facing the existing ground diaphragm wall (1). The groove (61) has a fragile filling strip (8). The closed-width steel cage (6) has elastic joint sealing devices (7) on both sides. One side of the closed-width steel cage (6) is inserted and pressed against the H-shaped steel (31), and the other side is pressed against the existing steel cage through the joint sealing device (7). The filling strip (8) is pressed against the existing steel cage. S4. Pour concrete into the closed-width groove (4) to form the closed-width connector (2); S5. After the closed-width connector reaches the design strength, the filler strip (8) is broken to form a grouting hole (81). S6. Inject waterproof cement mortar into the grouting hole (81) to enhance waterproofing; S7. Excavate the soil (10) on both sides of the newly built diaphragm wall (3) layer by layer from top to bottom. For each layer of soil (10) excavated, connect the corner sealing device (9) at the angle between the existing diaphragm wall (1) and the closed-width connector (2), and connect the upper and lower corner sealing devices (9) together.

2. The construction method for connecting a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The joint sealing device (7) includes an elastic connection component (71) and an expansion strip (72). The elastic connection component (71) is installed on the closed-width steel cage (6). The expansion strip (72) is connected to the elastic connection component (71). In S3, the expansion strip (72) is placed between the existing steel cage and the elastic connection component (71).

3. The construction method for connecting the side of a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the elastic connecting component (71) and the expansion strip (72) extend along the height direction of the closed groove (4).

4. The construction method for connecting the side of a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic connection assembly (71) includes a housing (711), a connecting plate (712), and multiple springs (713). The connecting plate (712) and the expansion strip (72) are fixedly connected to one side of the closed-width steel cage (6). The open side of the housing (711) is movably connected to the connecting plate (712), and the other side is fixed on the closed-width steel cage (6). Each of the springs (713) is located between the housing (711) and the connecting plate (712). In step S3, the springs (713) are pressed against the housing (711) and the connecting plate (712).

5. The construction method for connecting the side of a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: The box body (711) is provided with a retaining ring (714), which is fixedly connected to the closed-width steel cage (6).

6. The construction method for connecting the side of a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The corner sealing device (9) includes a corner plate (91) and a sealing body (92). In S7, the two sides of the corner plate (91) are fixed to the existing ground diaphragm wall (1) and the closed-width connector (2) respectively, and the sealing body (92) is clamped between the corner plate (91), the existing ground diaphragm wall (1) and the closed-width connector (2), so that the upper and lower corner plates (91) are connected.

7. The construction method for connecting the side of a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to claim 6, characterized in that: The corner plate (91) is provided with wing plates (911) on both sides. The wing plates (911) on both sides of the corner plate (91) are fixed to the existing ground diaphragm wall (1) and the closed span connector (2) by bolts. The upper and lower corner plates (91) are connected by tenons (912) and mortises (913).

8. The construction method for connecting the side of a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to claim 6, characterized in that: The corner plate (91) is provided with a grouting port (914), and the grouting port (914) is connected to a grouting valve (915). In S7, if the corner sealing device (9) leaks, cement grout is injected into the grouting valve (915) until the leakage is eliminated.

9. The construction method for connecting the side of a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The milling machine (5) is provided with a telescopic jacking device (51) on one side and a wire brush (53) on the other side. The head of the milling machine (5) is provided with a milling cutter (52). In S2, when the milling machine (5) operates vertically in the closed groove (4), the milling cutter (52) mills off the protective layer concrete of the existing diaphragm wall (1) and the corresponding part of the closed groove (4), the wire brush (53) brushes off the debris on the surface of the existing diaphragm wall (1), and the telescopic jacking device (51) pushes the H-shaped steel (31) to provide the reaction force of the milling cutter (52) and adjust the milling depth of the milling cutter (52).

10. The construction method for connecting the side of a newly constructed diaphragm wall to an existing diaphragm wall according to claim 9, characterized in that: Multiple telescopic jacking devices (51) are provided and are spaced apart along the forward direction of the milling machine (5).

Images