Fabricated tool column suitable for reverse building method construction and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembly type tool column suitable for reverse building method construction and a using method.The tool column comprises a columnar body, a connecting flange plate is arranged at the bottom end of the columnar body, and a radial restraining mechanism and a plurality of connecting rod pieces are arranged on the columnar body; the radial restraining mechanism is provided with restraining parts arranged along at least two different distribution radiuses, the connecting flange plate is provided with connecting holes corresponding to the distribution radiuses of the restraining parts, and the connecting rod piece sequentially penetrates through the restraining parts of the radial restraining mechanism and the connecting holes of the connecting flange plate. And the lower end of the connecting rod piece extends out of the connecting flange plate and is used for being fixed with a permanent structural piece to be connected. The connecting rod pieces are installed by selecting hole positions with different radiuses, and the single tool column can be matched with permanent vertical structural pieces of various specifications. According to the method, the problems of high safety risk, large material waste and poor universality of a traditional process are fundamentally solved, and safe, economical and efficient construction is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building and civil engineering construction technology, specifically to a prefabricated tool column device and its usage method used in the reverse construction method for deep foundation pits for temporary connection with underground permanent vertical structural components (such as steel-concrete composite columns) to achieve high-precision positioning, vertical adjustment and stability. Background Technology

[0002] In deep foundation pit projects constructed using the reverse construction method, especially in structures with permanent steel-concrete composite columns, the permanent steel columns typically need to be constructed before earthwork excavation. Due to factors such as the construction plan or process, the top elevation of the permanent steel columns is usually below ground level during the reverse construction phase. At this point, it is impossible to directly position and adjust the steel columns. Therefore, temporary support columns are used to connect to the top of the steel columns, exposing the top of the support columns above ground level. This allows for the indirect and precise positioning and stability control of the steel columns by fixing the support columns.

[0003] However, existing tool columns suffer from the following prominent drawbacks, severely restricting their safety and economy. High operational safety risks: To meet installation and dismantling requirements, especially during dismantling, workers must enter and crawl along the tool column to the connection point of the steel pipe column deep underground. This exposes workers to high risks in confined spaces, posing significant safety hazards. Structural redundancy, large steel consumption, and high cost: To provide basic space for personnel access and operations, existing tool columns are generally designed with large cross-sectional dimensions, leading to a significant increase in steel consumption and high costs for temporary measures. Poor adaptability and low standardization: Due to the diverse specifications of permanent steel pipe columns in projects, existing tool columns often lack flexible adaptability designs, requiring their specifications to vary with the steel pipe columns, failing to achieve standardization. This not only further increases the cost of measures and material management but also results in redundant investment and waste of resources.

[0004] Therefore, for the reverse construction method using steel pipe columns, there is an urgent need to design a new type of tool column that makes installation and dismantling convenient and efficient, uses less steel, is adaptable to various steel pipe column specifications, and fundamentally avoids the dangers of construction personnel working in confined spaces, thereby significantly improving construction safety and reducing overall costs. Solving this problem has significant practical engineering value for promoting the advancement of reverse construction technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated tool column and its usage method suitable for reverse construction, so as to completely eliminate the risks of working in confined spaces, enable a single set of equipment to be adapted to various specifications of permanent structures, and significantly reduce the cost of temporary measures.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a prefabricated tool column suitable for reverse construction, mainly comprising: a columnar body serving as the main body for force transmission and operation, with a connecting flange at its bottom end; a radial constraint mechanism disposed on the columnar body; and several connecting rods. The radial constraint mechanism is provided with constraint portions arranged along at least two different distribution radii. Correspondingly, the connecting flange is provided with connecting holes corresponding to the distribution radii of the constraint portions. The connecting rods pass sequentially through the constraint portions of the radial constraint mechanism and the connecting holes of the connecting flange, with their lower ends extending out for fixing to the permanent structural member (such as a permanent steel pipe column) to be connected.

[0007] Furthermore, the radial constraint mechanism includes an upper constraint plate and a lower constraint plate spaced apart along the axial direction of the columnar body. The constraint portion consists of through holes or limiting grooves formed on both plates for engaging the connecting rods. This double-plate constraint effectively prevents the connecting rods from shifting laterally during construction, ensuring clear force distribution.

[0008] Furthermore, the top of the columnar body is provided with a lifting part, such as a lifting hole or a welded ear plate, to facilitate subsequent overall lifting operations.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting rod includes a rod body, a force-applying part (such as a nut or wrench groove) at the upper end of the rod body, and a threaded connection part at the lower end of the rod body, so as to achieve reliable fastening and disassembly.

[0010] Furthermore, to enhance the rigidity of the bottom connection node, a reinforcing structure, such as radially distributed stiffening ribs, is provided between the connection flange and the columnar body.

[0011] A construction method using the aforementioned prefabricated tool column, which achieves a fundamental shift from "hazardous underground operations" to "safe ground operations," comprises the following steps: S1. Prefabricated tool columns and permanent structural components (such as permanent steel pipe columns) are prefabricated in the factory and transported to the site for installation. The permanent steel pipe column is equipped with a docking flange at the top. The position of the circumferential connection hole on the docking flange (i.e., the radius of its distribution circle) is consistent with the radius of a certain circle of connection holes selected on the end connection flange of the tool column to adapt to the steel pipe column of this specification. Nuts are welded to the bottom of the connection hole of the docking flange at the top of the permanent structural component.

[0012] S2. Tool post adaptation assembly: According to the specifications of the permanent structural components to be connected, select the corresponding distribution radius of the connecting hole ring on the tool post connecting flange, and insert the connecting rod into the connecting hole of the ring and the corresponding constraint part to complete the "diameter change" configuration of the tool post.

[0013] S3. Ground Rigid Assembly: An assembly platform is erected on the ground. The prefabricated tool columns and permanent steel pipe columns are hoisted onto the assembly platform and connected. The lower ends of the connecting rods of the prefabricated tool columns pass through the mating flanges of the permanent structural components and are tightened with nuts at the bottom of the mating flanges of the permanent structural components, forming a stable and rigid connection. This step is completed entirely in a safe ground environment.

[0014] S4. Overall Installation and Vertical Adjustment: The connected rigid assembly (often requiring dual-machine lifting due to its length and weight) is hoisted into the predetermined pile hole in the foundation pit. A dedicated vertical adjustment device installed on the ground is used to clamp and adjust the exposed tool column body, thereby indirectly and precisely controlling the planar position and verticality of the underground permanent structural component.

[0015] S5. Concrete Pouring and Structural Formation: Pour concrete into the foundation piles and permanent structural components. After the concrete has cured to its design strength and can independently bear the load, remove the plumb bob device.

[0016] S6. Ground-based Non-destructive Demolition: After the concrete reaches its strength and the plumb bob is removed, without entering the tool column or touching the permanent structure, construction workers can stand directly on the ground and disconnect all connecting rods and flanges. The tool column can then be lifted as a whole, achieving non-destructive and rapid separation from the permanent structure. The prefabricated tool column can then be moved to the assembly platform for connection to the next permanent steel pipe column.

[0017] Furthermore, overflow holes are symmetrically set on both sides of the top of the permanent structural column to use the overflow of concrete slurry as a visual indicator of the pouring to the design elevation, thus avoiding concrete contamination of the prefabricated tool column.

[0018] Furthermore, the specific location and specifications of the variable diameter constraint part and variable diameter connection hole of the prefabricated tool column are designed according to the specifications of the permanent structural components of the project to maximize its adaptability.

[0019] The total length of the prefabricated tool column and the setting position of the upper limit plate need to be comprehensively determined: on the one hand, it should meet the clamping length requirements of the vertical adjustment device used; on the other hand, it should ensure that after the permanent structural components are installed in place, the top of the upper limit plate and the connecting rod are located near the ground, so that personnel can operate directly and realize "ground-based operation".

[0020] The columnar body of the prefabricated tool column, because it only bears temporary loads during the construction period and does not require internal working space for personnel, can have its cross-section optimized based on the construction conditions. It can usually be smaller than permanent structural components, thereby achieving material savings.

[0021] The prefabricated tool post is compatible with permanent structural components of various diameters. When used cyclically, the threaded connection at the bottom of the connecting rod is prone to wear. In this case, the threaded connection at the bottom can be replaced to extend the service life of the prefabricated tool post.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the design of "ground-based assembly and dismantling", the major safety risks of personnel entering the tool column or going deep underground to work in confined spaces in traditional processes are completely eliminated, which essentially protects the life safety of construction personnel; 2. Adopting a unique multi-radius distributed hole / slot variable diameter adaptation design, a single tool column can flexibly adapt to permanent structural parts of various diameters, increasing the number of turnovers and reducing the total amount of materials and procurement costs; 3. It mainly adopts prefabricated connection, which is simple and quick to operate and greatly shortens the construction period; it can be precisely connected on a stable platform on the ground, and with the help of high-precision plumb line adjustment equipment, it can achieve better control of the installation accuracy of underground permanent structural components; the dismantling process is heat-free and does not cause any damage to the permanent structure.

[0023] 4. The tool column's columnar body is designed only for temporary construction loads and does not require reserved internal working space. Its cross-sectional dimensions can be significantly smaller than permanent structural components, resulting in a substantial reduction in steel consumption. The standardized design increases the reusability of a single unit, reducing the total amount of project-specific materials and procurement costs. Key load-bearing components (such as the bottom threaded connection) are designed as replaceable standard parts; only the parts need to be replaced after wear, extending the tool column's lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the assembled tool column of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the assembled tool column of the present invention from another angle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled assembly tool column of the present invention; Figure 4 , Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the permanent structural component (steel pipe column) of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ground assembly of the prefabricated tool column and permanent structural components of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall hoisting of the prefabricated tool column and permanent structural components after assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the positioning and vertical adjustment of the integral column of the present invention after it has been installed in place, using a vertical adjustment device. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the dismantling and hoisting of the prefabricated tool column after the concrete has been poured and cured according to the present invention.

[0025] Attached diagram labels: 1. Columnar body; 2. Connecting rod; 3. Permanent structural component; 4. Assembly platform; 5. Adjustment device; 6. Concrete; 12. Upper restraint plate; 13. Lower restraint plate; 14. Stiffening structure; 15. Connecting flange; 21. Force application part; 22. Rod body; 23. Threaded connection part; 31. Butt flange; 32. Overflow hole; 111. Lifting part; 121. Upper restraint plate restraint part; 131. Lower restraint plate restraint part; 151. Connecting hole; 311. Butt flange connecting hole; 312. Pre-welded nut. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a more detailed description of a prefabricated tool column suitable for reverse construction and its usage method.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the prefabricated tool column of this embodiment includes: a round steel pipe as the column body 1, the material, diameter and wall thickness of which meet the strength, rigidity and stability requirements during construction, and a lifting part 111 (lifting hole) on the top. Its radial constraint mechanism is composed of two annular steel plates, serving as an upper constraint plate 12 and a lower constraint plate 13, welded to the column body. The plates have three rings (corresponding to three radii R1, R2, R3) of a total of 24 U-shaped constraint parts 121 and 131, used to constrain the radial position of the connecting rods 2. A connecting flange 15 is provided at the bottom, with three rings of 24 connecting holes 151 corresponding to it. Eight radially arranged reinforcing structures 14 (stiffening ribs) are welded between the flange and the column body. The eight connecting rods 2 are composed of a rod body 22, a force-applying part 21 (nut) at the upper end and a threaded connection part 23 at the lower end.

[0028] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the permanent structural component 3 (in this embodiment, a steel pipe column) has a butt flange 31 welded to its top. The distribution radius of the eight connecting holes 311 on the upper ring of the flange is consistent with the radius of the second ring (radius R2) connecting holes 151 on the tool column connecting flange 15. A nut 312 is pre-welded below each connecting hole 311 on the flange. Two overflow holes 32 are symmetrically opened on the column body.

[0029] The specific method of using the prefabricated tool column is as follows: S1. The prefabricated tool column and permanent structural component 3 (in this embodiment, a permanent steel pipe column) are prefabricated in the factory and then transported to the site for installation. The permanent steel pipe column is provided with a docking flange 31 at the top. The position of the circumferential connection hole 311 on the docking flange 31 (i.e., the radius of its distribution circle) is consistent with the radius of a certain circle of connection holes selected on the tool column end connection flange 15 to adapt to the steel pipe column of this specification. Nuts 312 are welded to the bottom of the connection hole of the docking flange at the top of the permanent structural component.

[0030] S2. Tool column adaptation assembly: According to the specifications of the permanent structural components to be connected, select the corresponding distribution radius of the connecting hole ring on the tool column connecting flange 15, and insert the connecting rod 2 into the connecting hole of the ring and the corresponding constraint part (upper constraint plate constraint part 121 / lower constraint plate constraint part 131) to complete the "diameter change" configuration of the tool column.

[0031] S3. Ground Rigid Assembly: On the assembly platform 4 erected on the ground, the prefabricated tool column and the permanent steel pipe column are hoisted onto the assembly platform and connected. The lower end of the connecting rod of the prefabricated tool column passes through the docking flange 31 of the permanent structural component and is tightened by the nut 312 at the bottom of the docking flange of the permanent structural component, forming a stable rigid connection. This step is completed entirely in a safe ground environment.

[0032] S4. Overall Installation and Vertical Adjustment: The connected rigid assembly (often requiring dual-machine lifting due to its length and weight) is hoisted into the predetermined pile hole in the foundation pit. A dedicated vertical adjustment device 5, positioned on the ground, clamps and adjusts the exposed columnar body of the tool column, thereby indirectly and precisely controlling the planar position and verticality of the underground permanent structural component. After adjustment, the vertical adjustment device 5 is fixed in place.

[0033] S5. Concrete Pouring and Structural Formation: Pour concrete 6 into the foundation piles and permanent structural components. After the concrete has cured to the design strength and can independently bear the load, remove the plumb bob device 5.

[0034] S6. Ground-based Non-destructive Demolition: After the concrete reaches its strength and the plumb bob device 5 is removed, without entering the tool column or touching the permanent structure, the construction personnel stand directly on the ground and loosen the force-applying parts 21 (nuts) of all connecting rods 2, detaching all connecting rods 2 from the mating flange 31. Subsequently, the tool column can be lifted as a whole, achieving non-destructive and rapid separation from the permanent structure. After inspection and replacement of worn threaded connections 23, the disassembled tool column can be used in the next cycle.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated tool column suitable for reverse construction method, characterized in that: The device includes a columnar body with a connecting flange at its bottom end. The columnar body is provided with a radial constraint mechanism and several connecting rods. The radial constraint mechanism has constraint parts arranged along at least two different distribution radii. The connecting flange has connecting holes corresponding to the distribution radii of the constraint parts. The connecting rods pass through the constraint parts of the radial constraint mechanism and the connecting holes of the connecting flange in sequence, and the lower ends of the connecting rods extend out of the connecting flange for fixing to a permanent structural component to be connected.

2. The prefabricated tool column suitable for reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial constraint mechanism includes an upper constraint plate and a lower constraint plate spaced apart along the axial direction of the columnar body, and the constraint part is a through hole or groove formed on the upper constraint plate and the lower constraint plate.

3. The prefabricated tool column suitable for reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the columnar body is provided with a hoisting part for overall hoisting.

4. The prefabricated tool column suitable for reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod includes a rod body, a force-applying part located at the upper end of the rod body, and a threaded connection part located at the lower end of the rod body. The diameter of the rod body matches the width of the constraint part.

5. The prefabricated tool column suitable for reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcing structure is provided between the connecting flange and the columnar body to enhance its rigidity.

6. A construction method using the prefabricated tool column as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Prefabricated assembled tool column and permanent structural component, the top of the permanent structural component is provided with a mating flange adapted to the connecting flange of the tool column; the distribution radius of the connecting holes on the mating flange is consistent with the radius of a selected ring of connecting holes on the connecting flange, and nuts are pre-welded to the bottom of the connecting holes of the mating flange. S2. According to the specifications of the permanent structural components, insert the connecting rods into the connecting holes of the corresponding radius on the connecting flange and the constraint parts of the corresponding radial constraint mechanism; S3. Pass the connecting rods of the prefabricated tool column through the mating flange of the permanent structure on the ground and tighten them with pre-welded nuts to complete the rigid connection; S4. The connected rigid whole is hoisted to the designed position of the foundation pit, and the permanent structural component is positioned and its verticality is adjusted by the adjustment device acting on the columnar body of the tool column. S5. After pouring concrete and curing it to the design strength, remove the plumb bob device. S6. Rotate the connecting rod on the ground to disconnect it from the mating flange, then lift the prefabricated tool column away to complete the dismantling.

7. The construction method of the prefabricated tool column according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step of fixing the tool post to the permanent structural component, this is accomplished by tightening the threaded connection at the lower end of the connecting rod to the nut pre-installed on the mating flange.

8. The construction method of the prefabricated tool column according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sidewall of the permanent structural member is provided with an overflow hole. During the concrete pouring process, the overflow of concrete slurry from the overflow hole serves as a marker that the concrete has been poured to the predetermined elevation.

9. The construction method of the prefabricated tool column according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the columnar body of the tool column is configured such that, after the permanent structural member is installed in place, the operating ends of the radial constraint mechanism and the connecting rod are above the ground.

10. The construction method of the prefabricated tool column according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the tool column is removed and its vulnerable parts are replaced, it is reused for the construction of the next permanent structural component.

Images