Disease and pest control method for gastrodia elata

Abstract

The invention discloses a gastrodia elata pest control method, and belongs to the technical field of gastrodia elata planting. The specific process comprises the following steps: S1, immune construction of a bacterial material: constructing an immune barrier by a bacterial material carrier wood section through a composite immune microbial agent; s2, gastrodia elata seed immune construction: preparing a gastrodia elata seed treatment solution to perform immune barrier construction on the gastrodia elata seeds; s3, construction of an antibacterial system of the culture medium: constructing the antibacterial system of the culture medium based on the prepared composite immune microbial agent; s4, planting: selecting a planting field, trimming a planting pond, placing wood sections, fungus materials and gastrodia elata seeds, and covering a substrate; s5, disease and insect pest supervision and intervention: treating the disease precursor of the plant, and trapping insect pests; s6, continuous cropping prevention and control are conducted after harvesting, plants and waste fungus materials are thoroughly removed after harvesting, and pathogenic bacteria are killed; according to the method, the problems that an intervention idea after outbreak occurs in the current pest control process, an intervention method can generate irreversible interference on planting soil, and the intervention effect is not obvious are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of Gastrodia elata cultivation technology, specifically relating to a method for controlling diseases and pests in Gastrodia elata. Background Technology

[0002] Gastrodia elata, belonging to the subfamily Gastrodiae of the subfamily Orchidinae in the family Orchidaceae, is a perennial symbiotic herbaceous parasitic plant, also known as Dingfengcao, Lihecao, and Xianrenjiao. It has unique medicinal value. As a rhizome crop, Gastrodia elata does not have the ability to absorb nutrients from the soil on its own. Its growth depends entirely on the Armillaria mellea, which provides the nutrients needed for its growth. The rootless and leafless physiological characteristics of Gastrodia elata make it relatively weak in its resistance to diseases and pests. Common diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata include tuber rot, rust, grubs, and termites caused by fungi and soil pathogens. Currently, pest and disease control measures for Gastrodia elata are mainly divided into three categories: 1) Chemical pesticide control, which can achieve significant pest and disease killing effects in the short term, but will cause irreversible pesticide residues, and chemical pesticides will affect the growth of Armillaria mellea, ultimately leading to insufficient nutrient supply to Gastrodia elata and reduced yield; 2) Single biological control, which uses a single biological agent to act on the pathogens of pests and diseases, has limited control over complex pests and diseases, and is difficult to cope with the synergistic effects of multiple pests and diseases; 3) During the cultivation and management period, there is no integrated system of prevention, intervention and restoration of pest and disease control measures, which leads to the failure to prevent pests and diseases in the early stage, the failure to control outbreaks, and the failure to stabilize after treatment, resulting in recurrence. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a method for controlling diseases and pests in Gastrodia elata. Before planting, an immune-protective mechanism is established for Armillaria mellea mycelium and Gastrodia elata seeds. During planting, a slow-release antibacterial system is constructed in the cultivation substrate. Dynamic monitoring and intervention are conducted on early signs of diseases and pests throughout the growth cycle to prevent their formation and outbreak. Thorough pest control is performed after harvest. By controlling diseases and pests throughout the entire Gastrodia elata planting process, this method solves the problems of current disease and pest control approaches that rely on post-outbreak intervention, which can cause irreversible damage to the planting soil and have limited effectiveness.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata, the specific process of which is as follows: S1: Immunization of fungal materials, preparation of woody segments of fungal carriers; preparation of compound immunomodulatory agent solution; immersion of the woody segments of the fungal carriers in the compound immunomodulatory agent solution for thorough soaking; S2: Gastrodia elata seed immune construction: Select healthy Gastrodia elata seeds and remove surface impurities; add Gastrodia elata extract to a compound immune bacterial agent solution to prepare a seed treatment solution; soak the seed seeds in the seed treatment solution to construct the seed seeds' own immune structure. S3: Construction of antibacterial system for cultivation substrate: Mix substrate raw materials according to substrate formula components and proportions; sterilize the prepared substrate raw materials with high-temperature steam; add compound immunobacterial agent to the sterilized substrate raw materials and pile them up to promote antibacterial proliferation; S4: Planting. Select woodland with a slope of 20-30° and good ventilation. The spacing between planting pits should be 1.2-1.5m. The depth of the planting pits should be 20-30cm. The bottom of the planting pits should be constructed with a slope of 15-20° to facilitate drainage and avoid excessive water accumulation that may induce the rot of Gastrodia elata rhizomes and Armillaria mellea. The planting pond uses a pattern of alternating tree sticks, fungal materials, and seed hemp; first, the gaps between the sticks and fungal materials are covered with substrate, and then the entire structure is covered with substrate. S5: Disease and pest monitoring and intervention. During periods of high temperature and humidity, regularly spray diluted Gastrodia elata extract. For plants with early signs of disease, apply diluted Trichoderma solution to the diseased areas. Set up insect traps to capture larvae that cause pest infestations in a timely manner; S6: Post-harvest continuous cropping control: After the mature Gastrodia elata is harvested, thoroughly remove the plants and waste fungal materials from the planting pond; use high-temperature composting treatment to kill residual pathogens and insect eggs.

[0005] Preferably, the compound immunomodulatory agent is prepared by mixing *Pseudomonas mikimotoi* bacterial suspension and *Trichoderma harzianum* bacterial suspension at a volume ratio of 2:1; the concentration of the *Pseudomonas mikimotoi* bacterial suspension is 1×10⁻⁶. 8 The concentration of the *Trichoderma harzianum* culture was 5 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 7 CFU / mL.

[0006] Preferably, the woody segment of the fungal substrate carrier is made from broad-leaved tree branches, with a length controlled at 50-70cm and a diameter controlled at 3-6cm. The side of the woody segment of the fungal substrate carrier has a groove depth of 1-1.2cm, forming a fish-scale pattern, and the distance between two adjacent fish-scale patterns is 8-10cm.

[0007] Preferably, the woody segments of the fungal carrier are soaked in a compound immunobacterial agent solution for at least 24 hours, and then removed and dried to remove surface moisture.

[0008] Preferably, the mixing ratio of the compound immunobacterial agent and the Gastrodia elata extract in the seed treatment solution is 6-8:2-4; polysorbate 80 is added to the seed treatment solution, and the polysorbate 80 accounts for 0.05% of the total mass of the seed treatment solution. The gastrodin content in the gastrodia extract is not less than 20%.

[0009] Preferably, the Gastrodia elata seeds are completely immersed in the seed treatment solution for at least 12 hours, and then naturally air-dried at 24-26°C for 6 hours, so that the seed treatment solution forms an immune protective film on the surface of the Gastrodia elata seeds.

[0010] Preferably, the cultivation substrate formula contains the following components and proportions: 60-70% humus, 15-20% decomposed sawdust, 5-10% wood ash, and 5-10% carbon from the stems and leaves of Gastrodia elata.

[0011] Preferably, the matrix raw material is continuously sterilized under steam at 100°C for 30 minutes; after steam sterilization, the matrix raw material is naturally cooled and then a compound immunobacterial agent is added; the amount of compound immunobacterial agent added is 1L per cubic meter of matrix raw material.

[0012] Preferably, two days before the end of the stacking process, 200 ml of plant-derived antibacterial solution is sprayed per cubic meter of the substrate raw material; the plant-derived antibacterial solution is a mixture of honeysuckle extract with a concentration of 300 mg / L and matrine with a concentration of 200 mg / L.

[0013] Preferably, during the mulching stage of planting, temperature and humidity sensors are installed in the substrate of the planting pond to monitor the temperature and humidity of the cultivation substrate; when the temperature exceeds 28°C and the humidity exceeds 70%, the film is removed for ventilation in a timely manner.

[0014] Preferably, when planting in S4, the substrate is covered until the top of the Gastrodia elata seed is just exposed, then a 3-5cm thick layer of fallen leaves sprayed with the compound immune agent is laid, and finally an 8-10cm layer of sand is covered while keeping the fallen leaves below moist.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a method for controlling diseases and pests in Gastrodia elata. It establishes a disease prevention system for both the fungal substrate and the Gastrodia elata seed, controlling diseases and pests at their source before planting. It constructs a disease prevention system for the planting substrate, setting up planting ponds to disrupt the environment suitable for pathogen reproduction and spread, blocking the breeding ground for diseases and pests, thus controlling them from the transmission route. It also activates the resistance of the Gastrodia elata seed itself, controlling diseases and pests through its own disease prevention. These three aspects form a closed-loop control mechanism for diseases and pests. Compared to traditional methods that lack coordinated and continuous control measures throughout the planting process, where isolated interventions easily lead to outbreaks that are difficult to control and recurrences, this invention avoids chemical control methods, preventing pollution of the planting area. Furthermore, it provides a continuous control system from prevention to subsequent continuous cropping control, achieving the goal of early-stage control of diseases and pests, ensuring controllability, and preventing recurrence. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1 A method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata, the specific process of which is as follows: S1: Immunization of the fungal material. Broadleaf tree branches, such as birch, oak, and poplar, are selected. The loose wood of these trees facilitates the decomposition and absorption of lignin by Armillaria mellea. The diameter of the selected wood segments is controlled to be 5cm, with a fluctuation of no more than 1cm, maintaining as much uniformity as possible. Wood segments are cut to a length of 60cm. The ends of the wood segments are trimmed at a 15-20° inward angle to form a slope-like structure. Fish-scale cuts, 1cm deep, are made on the sides of the wood segments, with a depth difference controlled to 0.1cm. The spacing between adjacent fish-scale cuts is controlled to 9cm, with a fluctuation of no more than 1cm. The number of fish-scale cuts on the same wood segment is 6-7. A compound immunomodulatory agent is prepared, consisting of a mixture of *Pseudomonas mikimotoi* and *Trichoderma harzianum* bacterial solutions, with the *Pseudomonas mikimotoi* bacterial solution having a concentration of 1×10⁻⁶. 8 The concentration of *Trichoderma harzianum* culture was 5 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 7 CFU / mL; prepared by mixing *Pseudomonas mifepristone* culture and *Trichoderma harzianum* culture at a volume ratio of 2:1; The prepared wood segments of the fungal carrier are immersed in the prepared compound immunobacterial agent solution for a period of not less than 24 hours. After immersion, the surface moisture is dried. The absorption rate of the wood segments to the compound immunobacterial agent solution is evaluated by the weight difference of the wood segments before and after immersion. It should be ensured that the absorption rate of the wood segments to the compound immunobacterial agent solution is 90%, and that the compound immunobacterial agent is fully colonized in the wood segments. Where w is the planting rate, which should be greater than 90%; G 浸泡后 G represents the weight of the wood segments after thorough soaking in the compound immunomodulator solution. 浸泡前 This refers to the weight of the wooden segment before it was soaked. S2: Immune construction of Gastrodia elata seeds. In this embodiment, Gastrodia elata is cultivated using asexual reproduction. White-headed Gastrodia elata is selected as the seeds. The weight of the seeds is controlled at 20-40g and the length is controlled at 8-10cm. The size of the white-headed Gastrodia elata seeds is kept as uniform as possible so that they can fully contact the mycelium on the Armillaria mellea substrate during the transplanting process. The selected white-headed Gastrodia elata seeds have no surface damage and no internal decay. After cleaning the impurities on their surface, they are soaked in the seed treatment solution. The above-mentioned seed treatment solution is composed of a compound immunomodulatory agent solution and a gastrodia elata extract solution, with a mixing ratio of 7:3. The compound immunomodulatory agent helps the gastrodia elata seeds develop resistance to harmful pathogens, while the gastrodia elata extract activates the seeds' own resistance. To ensure that the gastrodia elata extract contains sufficient resistance-activating substances, the gastrodin content in the gastrodia elata extract solution is not less than 20%. Because the seed treatment solution contains Gastrodia elata extract, which contains some fat-soluble active ingredients, it is immiscible with the aqueous compound immunomodulatory agent solution, resulting in stratification. Therefore, polysorbate 80 needs to be added to the seed treatment solution at a rate of 0.05% of the total mass of the solution. The hydrophilic groups on polysorbate 80 can bind with water, while the hydrophobic groups can bind and encapsulate the fat-soluble active ingredients in Gastrodia elata. By using polysorbate 80 as an intermediate medium, the aqueous and fat-soluble substances in the Gastrodia elata treatment solution can maintain a uniform and stable oil-in-water emulsion. In addition, the epidermis of Gastrodia elata has a naturally occurring waxy layer, which can also affect the spread of the compound immunomodulatory agent solution on the surface of Gastrodia elata to form an antibacterial immune film. The addition of polysorbate 80 can reduce the surface tension of the seed treatment solution, allowing it to disperse quickly and form a continuous and complete film on the surface of the seed. This allows the two biocontrol bacteria in the compound immunomodulatory agent solution to colonize the surface of the seed through the formed protective film, and prevents the loss of the solution during the subsequent drying process. The addition amount of polysorbate 80 is 0.05% of the total mass of the seed treatment solution. If it is below the minimum threshold of 0.04%, it will affect the addition effect, resulting in insufficient surface activity of the seed treatment solution, which will not be able to quickly wet the seed surface and form a protective film. If it is above 0.06%, the high content of polysorbate 80 may damage the cell membranes of the two biocontrol bacteria in the compound immunomodulator, affecting the activity of the bacterial solution; it may also stimulate the epidermal cells of the seed and affect the subsequent germination of the seed. After being soaked in a solution containing Gastrodia elata extract, the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) in the hemp seeds is increased, which will increase the amount of lignin synthesis. The synergistic effect of the two can strengthen the cell wall barrier of the hemp seeds and effectively prevent the invasion of pathogens. Soak the seed hemp completely in the prepared seed hemp treatment solution for no less than 12 hours. After taking it out, let it air dry naturally at 25°C for 6 hours. Sufficient soaking allows the seed hemp treatment solution enough time to form a protective film on the surface of the seed hemp. Meanwhile, the gastrodin, gastrodin antifungal protein GAFP, and polysaccharides in the gastrodin extract fully penetrate and contact the seed hemp, activating and enhancing the resistance barrier of the seed hemp. S3: Construction of the antibacterial system for the cultivation substrate. The cultivation substrate formula and its proportions used in this embodiment are as follows: 65% humus, 20% decomposed sawdust, 8% wood ash, and 7% Gastrodia elata stem and leaf charcoal. Clumps in the humus should be thoroughly broken up, and the decomposed sawdust should be fully crushed to avoid large clumps. The Gastrodia elata stem and leaf charcoal is obtained by fully carbonizing the discarded stems after harvesting. After the treated substrate materials are thoroughly mixed, they should be spread thinly and continuously sterilized with 100°C steam for 30 minutes. Spreading the substrate materials thinly prevents accumulation that could prevent the internal substrate from fully contacting the high-temperature steam, resulting in incomplete sterilization. After sterilization, the substrate materials should be allowed to cool naturally until the temperature is low enough to not damage the biocontrol bacteria. When the substrate is damaged, add a compound immunobacterial agent solution to the substrate material. The addition method can be atomization or spraying, causing the compound immunobacterial agent solution to form atomized liquid particles that are evenly sprayed onto the substrate material. For areas with thicker substrate layers, turn the substrate over before spraying to ensure the substrate material is fully saturated with the compound immunobacterial agent solution. The ratio of substrate material to compound immunobacterial agent solution is 1L of compound immunobacterial agent solution per cubic meter of substrate material. The substrate material sprayed with the compound immunobacterial agent solution is then piled up. The pile temperature is controlled at 28℃, with a fluctuation of 1℃, while the pile humidity is controlled at 60%, with a fluctuation of 2%. This compromise in temperature and humidity is suitable for the proliferation of the two biocontrol bacteria in the compound immunobacterial agent. The pile is left to stand for 7 days. As a preferred embodiment, two days before the end of the stacking process, a plant-derived antibacterial solution is sprayed onto the substrate raw material. The plant-derived antibacterial solution is a mixture of honeysuckle extract at a concentration of 300 mg / L and matrine at a concentration of 200 mg / L. The amount of plant-derived antibacterial agent added is 200-300 ml per cubic meter of substrate raw material. Both honeysuckle extract and matrine have inhibitory effects on pathogenic bacteria. S4: Planting. Gastrodia elata prefers a shaded and cool planting environment, so it is usually planted under trees. With sufficient ventilation, the understory can provide a natural shaded and cool environment for the growth of Gastrodia elata. The best choice is a slope of 25° with an upward or downward fluctuation of 2°, which is conducive to drainage. Planting ponds are dug on the planting site. The planting ponds serve as the base for the cultivation of Gastrodia elata. The length and width of the planting ponds are 70*80cm, and the depth is 25cm. The bottom of the planting ponds is trimmed to an 18° slope with an upward or downward fluctuation of 2°. The overall sloping structure of the planting site combined with the planting ponds at the bottom of the slope is conducive to drainage and avoids water accumulation in the planting ponds, which may induce the rot of Gastrodia elata roots and Armillaria mellea. First, evenly spread a 3-5cm thick layer of treated planting substrate at the bottom of the planting pond. Then, lay the treated wood segments (tree sticks) of the fungal substrate carrier in sequence at the bottom of the planting pond, with the fish-scale openings of the wood segments facing upwards. The spacing between adjacent wood segments should be 10-12cm. Place Armillaria mellea fungal substrate next to each wood segment. Then, fill the gaps between the wood segments and the fungal substrate with the planting substrate as soon as possible to prevent the gaps from being invaded by other fungi. Place the treated Gastrodia elata seeds between two adjacent wood segments. The Gastrodia elata seeds should be placed perpendicular to the wood segments. If there are sprouting buds on the Gastrodia elata seeds, they should be placed with the buds facing upwards. Maintain a 2-3cm spacing between the Gastrodia elata seeds and the Armillaria mellea fungal substrate. After placing the wood segments, fungal materials, and Gastrodia elata seeds, cover them with planting substrate until the planting substrate covers the top of the Gastrodia elata seeds by 0.5-1cm. Then, lay 4cm of fallen leaves that have been sprayed with compound immune bacteria agent. After laying the fallen leaves, lay 9cm of sand on top and keep the humidity of the fallen leaves below at about 60%. When the substrate covers the seed hemp and exposes 0.5-1cm above the top, stop laying the substrate. This ensures that most of the seed hemp, the woody segments, and the mycelium are buried within the substrate. After the seed hemp and Armillaria mellea mycelium are placed, the substrate fixes their positions. The spacing between them allows the Armillaria mellea mycelium sufficient space to extend during its growth within the substrate, which is beneficial for mycelial growth and mycelial cord formation. Once sufficient mycelial cords have grown, they can make full contact with the seed hemp, delivering the nutrients needed for its growth. The substrate also isolates the Armillaria mellea mycelium and Gastrodia elata seed from the outside environment, allowing them to grow symbiotically in this isolated environment. Exposing the top of the hemp seedlings when covering them with substrate prevents the hemp tubers from rotting due to lack of oxygen caused by complete substrate coverage. This is especially important when buds have already sprouted; completely covering the buds under the substrate would hinder their emergence. A layer of fallen leaves is also placed between the substrate and the sandy soil above. In the early stages of planting, this acts as a temperature regulator, blocking sunlight and heat from entering the substrate in summer and preventing excessive heat loss in winter. It also absorbs some moisture from the air, regulating substrate humidity. Later, as the fallen leaves decompose, they provide organic matter for Armillaria mellea, acting as fertilizer within the substrate. In the early germination stage of Gastrodia elata cultivation, to control its germination in a stable growth environment, it is usually covered with film. The purpose of covering is to provide a relatively constant temperature and humidity environment for the growth of Gastrodia elata. As a preferred implementation method, temperature and humidity sensors can be placed in the substrate of the planting pond during the covering stage to monitor the temperature and humidity environment of each planting pond in real time. When the temperature exceeds 28°C and the humidity exceeds 70%, the film should be removed for ventilation in time. Alternatively, when the temperature and humidity are both low and close to the minimum critical value, compensation measures should be taken in time. Suitable temperature and humidity are conducive to the large-scale and ideal reproduction and growth of Armillaria mellea, and the absolute dominance of Armillaria mellea growth can also inhibit the growth space and conditions of other pathogenic bacteria. S5: Pest and Disease Monitoring and Intervention. During the cultivation and growth of Gastrodia elata, timely monitoring of its growth status is crucial. For plants showing early signs of disease, a diluted solution of Trichoderma should be applied to the affected areas to control the spread of pathogens. Plants with large infected areas that cannot be controlled should be promptly discarded, and pest control measures should be implemented to prevent the spread to other healthy plants. For pests such as grub larvae and termites that harm Gastrodia elata, insect traps should be set up outside the planting area to capture them promptly, preventing them from burrowing into the substrate and feeding on the Armillaria mellea mycelium and Gastrodia elata roots and stems. In high temperature and humidity environments, pathogens are more likely to multiply and infect Gastrodia elata roots and stems. Regular spraying with a diluted solution of Gastrodia elata extract is necessary to enhance the resistance of Gastrodia elata plants and roots and stems. S6: Post-harvest cropping control. After the mature Gastrodia elata is harvested, the plants, waste fungal materials and old planting substrate in the planting pond should be thoroughly removed. The plant should be composted at a temperature of 65℃~80℃ for at least 10 days to inactivate the pathogenic spores, insect eggs and other residual pathogens from the previous batch in the planting pond, so as to avoid the residual pathogens and pests remaining in the planting pond and causing an outbreak in the following year. After the disinfection treatment in the planting pond is completed, the planting pond should be covered with the substrate treated in S3 as soon as possible to prevent miscellaneous bacteria, pests and pathogens from entering the planting pond. The substrate should completely fill the planting pond and form a cone-shaped mound on top to facilitate drainage and prevent excessive water from seeping into the planting pond.

Claims

1. A method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata, characterized in that, The specific process is as follows: S1: Immunization of fungal materials, preparation of woody segments of fungal carriers; preparation of compound immunomodulatory agent solution; immersion of the woody segments of the fungal carriers in the compound immunomodulatory agent solution for thorough soaking; S2: Gastrodia elata seed immune construction: Select healthy Gastrodia elata seeds and remove surface impurities; add Gastrodia elata extract to a compound immune bacterial agent solution to prepare a seed treatment solution; soak the seed seeds in the seed treatment solution to construct the seed seeds' own immune structure. S3: Construction of antibacterial system for cultivation substrate: Mix substrate raw materials according to substrate formula components and proportions; sterilize the prepared substrate raw materials with high-temperature steam; add compound immunobacterial agent to the sterilized substrate raw materials and pile them up to promote antibacterial proliferation; S4: Planting. Select woodland with a slope of 20-30° and good ventilation. The spacing between planting pits should be 1.2-1.5m. The depth of the planting pits should be 20-30cm. The bottom of the planting pits should be constructed with a slope of 15-20° to facilitate drainage and avoid excessive water accumulation that may induce the rot of Gastrodia elata rhizomes and Armillaria mellea. The planting pond uses a pattern of alternating tree sticks, fungal materials, and seed hemp; first, the gaps between the sticks and fungal materials are covered with substrate, and then the entire structure is covered with substrate. S5: Disease and pest monitoring and intervention. During periods of high temperature and humidity, regularly spray diluted Gastrodia elata extract. For plants with early signs of disease, apply diluted Trichoderma solution to the diseased areas. Set up insect traps to capture larvae that cause pest infestations in a timely manner; S6: Post-harvest continuous cropping control: After the mature Gastrodia elata is harvested, thoroughly remove the plants and waste fungal materials from the planting pond; use high-temperature composting treatment to kill residual pathogens and insect eggs.

2. The method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite immunomodulatory agent was prepared by mixing *Pseudomonas mikimotoi* bacterial suspension and *Trichoderma harzianum* bacterial suspension at a volume ratio of 2:1; the concentration of the *Pseudomonas mikimotoi* bacterial suspension was 1×10⁻⁶. 8 The concentration of the *Trichoderma harzianum* culture was 5 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 7 CFU / mL.

3. The method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata according to claim 1, characterized in that, The woody segments of the fungal substrate carrier are made from broad-leaved tree branches, with a length controlled at 50-70cm and a diameter controlled at 3-6cm. The sides of the woody segments of the fungal substrate carrier are grooved with a depth of 1-1.2cm in the shape of fish scales, and the distance between two adjacent fish scales is 8-10cm. The woody segments of the fungal carrier are immersed in a compound immunobacterial agent solution for at least 24 hours, and then removed and dried to remove surface moisture.

4. The method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing ratio of the compound immunobacterial agent and Gastrodia elata extract in the seed treatment solution is 6-8:2-4; polysorbate 80 is added to the seed treatment solution, and the polysorbate 80 accounts for 0.05% of the total mass of the seed treatment solution. The gastrodin content in the gastrodia extract is not less than 20%.

5. The method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Gastrodia elata seeds are completely immersed in the seed treatment solution for at least 12 hours, and then naturally air-dried at 24-26°C for 6 hours to allow the seed treatment solution to form an immune protective film on the surface of the Gastrodia elata seeds.

6. The method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cultivation substrate formula and its proportions are as follows: 60-70% humus, 15-20% decomposed sawdust, 5-10% wood ash, and 5-10% carbon from Gastrodia elata stems and leaves.

7. The method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata according to claim 1, characterized in that, The matrix raw material is continuously sterilized under steam at 100°C for 30 minutes; after steam sterilization, the matrix raw material is naturally cooled and then a compound immunobacterial agent is added; the amount of compound immunobacterial agent added is 1L per cubic meter of matrix raw material.

8. The method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two days before the end of the stacking of the substrate raw material, 200 ml of plant-derived antibacterial solution is sprayed per cubic meter of the substrate raw material; the plant-derived antibacterial solution is a mixture of honeysuckle extract with a concentration of 300 mg / L and matrine with a concentration of 200 mg / L.

9. The method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the mulching stage of the planting, temperature and humidity sensors are installed in the substrate of the planting pond to monitor the temperature and humidity of the cultivation substrate; when the temperature exceeds 28°C and the humidity exceeds 70%, the film is removed and ventilation is carried out in a timely manner.

10. A method for controlling diseases and pests of Gastrodia elata according to claim 1, characterized in that, When planting S4, cover the substrate until the top of the Gastrodia elata seed is just exposed, then lay a 3-5cm thick layer of fallen leaves that have been sprayed with the compound immune agent, and finally cover with 8-10cm of sand while keeping the fallen leaves below moist.

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