Magnetorheological processing system capable of dynamically replenishing water

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of magneto-rheological polishing machining, in particular to a magneto-rheological machining system capable of dynamically supplementing water, a magneto-rheological liquid storage module conveys magneto-rheological liquid to a magneto-rheological polishing module, and the hydraulic pressure of the output magneto-rheological liquid is sensed in real time; the magneto-rheological water cooling module maintains the temperature of magneto-rheological liquid of the magneto-rheological liquid storage module to be stable, and meanwhile water is supplemented to the magneto-rheological water supplementing module; in the magneto-rheological water replenishing module, a photoelectric sensor group is matched with a valve group to control the water quantity in a water replenishing tank; and the liquid storage water pump extracts water from the water supplementing tank according to the sensed hydraulic pressure and transmits the water to the magnetorheological liquid storage module. The photoelectric sensor is used for monitoring the change of the water storage amount in the magneto-rheological water supplementing tank, the liquid storage tank water cooling circulation loop is used for supplementing water to the water supplementing tank, then the hydraulic pressure in the magneto-rheological circulation process is monitored in combination with the hydraulic pressure for supplementing water, and it is guaranteed that the property of magneto-rheological liquid is stable in the long-time polishing process. The whole process does not depend on artificial experience, does not need a complex algorithm, and is efficient and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of magnetorheological polishing technology, and particularly relates to a magnetorheological processing system with dynamic water replenishment. Background Technology

[0002] Magnetorheological finishing (MRF) is an advanced optical manufacturing technology that has been developed in recent years. It has many advantages such as stable removal function, controllable edge effect, small lower surface damage layer, no copying effect, strong shaping ability and high processing accuracy. The realization of high-precision magnetorheological finishing depends on the stability of the removal function during long-term operation. At present, the stable water content of magnetorheological fluid during magnetorheological finishing is an important means to maintain the stability of the removal function.

[0003] In existing magnetorheological (MR) water replenishment systems, the water replenishment tank is installed next to the storage tank. Operators need to confirm whether the water level is sufficient to support long-term equipment operation before the polishing task begins. If the water level in the replenishment tank is insufficient to support the water required for continuous polishing of large-diameter optical components by the magnetorheological polishing equipment, the water content in the magnetorheological fluid will continue to decrease, making the polishing results uncontrollable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a magnetorheological machining system with dynamic water replenishment. It uses a photoelectric sensor group to monitor the changes in the water storage tank, and uses a water-cooled circulation loop of the storage tank to replenish the water tank. It also monitors the hydraulic pressure of the magnetorheological fluid and adjusts the hydraulic pressure to change the water content in the magnetorheological fluid, so as to ensure the stability of the properties of the magnetorheological fluid during long-term polishing. The operation of the machining system does not rely on human experience, does not require complex algorithms, and is efficient and reliable.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution created by this invention is implemented as follows: A dynamically replenished magnetorheological processing system includes a magnetorheological polishing module, a magnetorheological fluid storage module, a magnetorheological water replenishment module, and a magnetorheological water cooling module. The magnetorheological polishing module performs magnetorheological polishing on optical components. The magnetorheological fluid storage module supplies magnetorheological fluid to the magnetorheological polishing module and senses the hydraulic pressure of the output magnetorheological fluid in real time. The magnetorheological water cooling module maintains the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological polishing module and the magnetorheological fluid storage module through water cooling, while simultaneously replenishing water to the magnetorheological water replenishment module. The magnetorheological water replenishment module includes a water tank, a photoelectric sensor group, a valve group, and a storage water pump. The photoelectric sensor group senses the water volume in the water tank, the valve group connects the magnetorheological water cooling module and the water tank, and the valve group opens and closes according to the water volume sensed by the photoelectric sensor group. The storage water pump extracts water from the water tank and transfers it to the magnetorheological fluid storage module based on the hydraulic pressure sensed by the magnetorheological fluid storage module.

[0006] Furthermore, the magnetorheological water replenishment module also includes a water replenishment pump, which is connected to the water replenishment tank and the magnetorheological water cooling module. If the photoelectric sensor group continuously detects that the water level in the water replenishment tank is insufficient within a preset time, the water replenishment pump will draw water from the magnetorheological water cooling module into the water replenishment tank until the photoelectric sensor group detects that the water level in the water replenishment tank is sufficient within the preset time.

[0007] Furthermore, the photoelectric sensor group includes multiple photoelectric sensors, which are positioned at different heights in the water supply tank; the valve group includes normally open ball valves and normally closed ball valves connected in series. The normally open ball valves are connected to the water supply tank, and the normally closed ball valves are connected to the water supply pump. If none of the multiple photoelectric sensors detect water volume within a preset time, the normally closed ball valve is opened, and the water supply pump draws water from the magnetorheological water-cooling module into the water supply tank until the multiple photoelectric sensors detect sufficient water volume in the water supply tank within the preset time. If none of the multiple photoelectric sensors detect water volume within the preset time, the normally open ball valve is automatically closed, cutting off the water supply to the water supply pump.

[0008] Furthermore, normally closed ball valves satisfy the following formula: ; Where C represents the maximum opening degree of a normally closed ball valve, and A eff This represents the inlet area of ​​a normally closed ball valve at its maximum opening degree, t max This indicates the time required for a normally closed ball valve to fully open. ρ represents the hydraulic pressure difference before water enters the normally closed ball valve and after it flows into the normally closed ball valve; C represents the water flow density. d V represents the flow coefficient of water flow. spill V represents the water storage capacity corresponding to the overload of the water tank. median This indicates the water storage capacity when the water tank is full.

[0009] Furthermore, the magnetorheological fluid storage module senses hydraulic pressure according to a set detection cycle: if the magnetorheological fluid storage module senses hydraulic pressure exceeding a preset hydraulic pressure threshold, the fluid storage pump slowly extracts water from the water tank and transfers it to the magnetorheological fluid storage module, and then senses hydraulic pressure again in the next detection cycle; when the magnetorheological fluid storage module cannot sense hydraulic pressure, the fluid storage pump periodically extracts water from the water tank and transfers it to the magnetorheological fluid storage module until processing is completed.

[0010] Furthermore, the hydraulic threshold is: P0 = P + 0.05P; Where P0 represents the hydraulic threshold and P represents the hydraulic pressure at the standard water content.

[0011] Furthermore, the storage water pump periodically extracts water according to the following formula: ; Where T1 represents the cycle of water extraction by the storage pump, and N represents the period during which the magnetorheological storage module cannot sense the hydraulic pressure. Number of times water is extracted within a given time period.

[0012] Furthermore, the magnetorheological fluid storage module includes a magnetorheological fluid storage tank and a hydraulic sensor. The magnetorheological fluid storage tank is connected to a water supply tank via a storage water pump. The storage water pump draws water from the water supply tank and supplies it to the magnetorheological fluid storage tank. The magnetorheological fluid storage tank mixes the water and the magnetorheological fluid before inputting it into the magnetorheological polishing module. The magnetorheological water cooling module supplies water to the magnetorheological fluid storage tank for cooling, maintaining the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid in the tank. The magnetorheological fluid storage tank is connected to the magnetorheological polishing module via pipelines, supplying the magnetorheological fluid to the module and recovering the processed magnetorheological fluid. The hydraulic sensor is used to sense the hydraulic pressure of the supplied magnetorheological fluid.

[0013] Furthermore, the magnetorheological polishing module includes a nozzle, a polishing motor, a polishing wheel, and a magnetorheological fluid recovery port. The nozzle delivers magnetorheological fluid from the magnetorheological fluid storage tank to the working point of the polishing wheel, and a hydraulic sensor is located at the nozzle to sense the hydraulic pressure of the magnetorheological fluid in the nozzle. The magnetorheological fluid recovery port is located at the rear end of the polishing wheel. The polishing motor drives the polishing wheel to rotate, and the polishing wheel uses the magnetorheological fluid to process optical components. The magnetorheological fluid recovery port recovers the remaining magnetorheological fluid and transfers it to the magnetorheological fluid storage tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the magnetorheological fluid storage module also includes a three-port connector: the first port of the three-port connector is connected to the inner interlayer of the magnetorheological fluid storage tank, and the cooling water flowing through the inner interlayer of the storage tank flows out from the first port; the second port of the three-port connector is connected to the water supply tank via a valve group; the third port of the three-port connector is connected to the outlet of the magnetorheological water cooling module, so that the cooling water output by the magnetorheological water cooling module passes through the magnetorheological fluid storage tank and the third port in sequence and returns to the magnetorheological water cooling module.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: This invention creates a dynamic water replenishment magnetorheological machining system that ensures stable water content during long-term polishing of large-diameter optical components, improving machining certainty. Specifically, it utilizes valves and a photoelectric sensor array installed in the water replenishment tank to monitor the water level and detect faults. Furthermore, it uses hydraulic sensors and a water pump to regulate the water content of the circulating magnetorheological fluid. Compared to traditional magnetorheological water replenishment systems and methods, the machining system provided by this invention eliminates the need for operators to check the water level in the replenishment tank before machining begins and possesses comprehensive fault detection and handling capabilities, offering significant advantages. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the magnetorheological processing system for dynamic water replenishment as described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the magnetorheological water replenishment module described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Magnetorheological water replenishment module; 2. Magnetorheological water cooling module; 3. Water replenishment tank; 4. Liquid storage pump; 5. Water replenishment pump; 6. Photoelectric sensor; 7. Normally open ball valve; 8. Normally closed ball valve; 9. Magnetorheological liquid storage tank; 10. Hydraulic sensor; 11. Nozzle; 12. Polishing motor; 13. Polishing wheel; 14. Magnetorheological fluid recovery port; 15. Three-port connector. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the dynamically replenished magnetorheological processing system includes a magnetorheological polishing module, a magnetorheological fluid storage module, a magnetorheological water replenishment module 1, and a magnetorheological water cooling module 2. The magnetorheological polishing module is used to perform magnetorheological polishing on optical components; the magnetorheological fluid storage module is used to supply magnetorheological fluid to the magnetorheological polishing module and to sense the hydraulic pressure of the output magnetorheological fluid in real time; the magnetorheological water cooling module 2 is used to maintain the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological polishing module and the magnetorheological fluid storage module through water cooling, while simultaneously replenishing water to the magnetorheological water replenishment module 1; the magnetorheological water replenishment module 1 replenishes water to the magnetorheological fluid storage module. In this embodiment of the invention, an existing water chiller is directly used as the magnetorheological water cooling module 2, providing water to the magnetorheological water replenishment module 1, and together with the magnetorheological fluid storage module, forming a magnetorheological cooling circulation path to maintain the temperature stability of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0024] The magnetorheological fluid in this embodiment of the invention is mainly obtained by mixing deionized water and iron powder. Therefore, the water replenished by the magnetorheological water replenishment module 1 and the magnetorheological water cooling module 2 should also be deionized water. That is, the water-related attribute terms such as "water content" and "water volume" mentioned later refer to the relevant attributes of deionized water, which will not be elaborated further later.

[0025] The magnetorheological water replenishment module 1 includes a water replenishment tank 3, a photoelectric sensor group, a valve group, and a liquid storage pump 4. The photoelectric sensor group senses the water volume in the water replenishment tank 3. The valve group connects the magnetorheological water cooling module 2 and the water replenishment tank 3, and the valve group opens and closes according to the water volume sensed by the photoelectric sensor group. The liquid storage pump 4 extracts water from the water replenishment tank 3 and transfers it to the magnetorheological liquid storage module according to the hydraulic pressure sensed by the magnetorheological liquid storage module.

[0026] In some embodiments, the magnetorheological water replenishment module 1 further includes a water replenishment pump 5, which is connected to the water replenishment tank 3 and the magnetorheological water cooling module 2. If the photoelectric sensor group consistently detects insufficient water in the water replenishment tank 3 within a preset time, the water replenishment pump 5 draws water from the magnetorheological water cooling module 2 into the water replenishment tank 3 until the photoelectric sensor group detects sufficient water in the water replenishment tank 3 within the preset time. In some embodiments, the photoelectric sensor group includes multiple photoelectric sensors 6, which are disposed at different heights in the water replenishment tank 3.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the photoelectric sensor group includes three photoelectric sensors 6, which are disposed at different heights of the water tank 3. Specifically, taking the bottom of the water tank 3 as a reference point, the three photoelectric sensors 6 are respectively placed at 10%, 70%, and 80% height of the water tank 3, respectively, and respectively detect the water storage volume V of the water tank 3. warn =10%×V max V median =70%×V max and V spill =80%×V max V max This indicates the maximum water storage capacity of water tank 3: When all three photoelectric sensors 6 fail to detect anything (i.e., the water level in water tank 3 is below V), warn When the water level in the water tank 3 is low (V), it indicates that the water level in the water tank 3 is insufficient; when the lowest photoelectric sensor 6 detects a reading while the other two photoelectric sensors 6 do not (i.e., the water level in the water tank 3 is equal to V), it indicates that the water level in the water tank 3 is low. warn or the water storage capacity is higher than V warn But below V median This indicates that the water level in water tank 3 is sufficient; when all three photoelectric sensors 6 detect a reading (i.e., the water level in water tank 3 reaches or exceeds V), the water level in water tank 3 is considered sufficient. spill ), indicating that the water storage in water tank 3 is overloaded.

[0028] In this embodiment of the invention, a water level overload threshold V is set. spill With maximum water storage V max There is a certain difference between them. This design ensures that even if additional water flows into the water supply tank 3 during the valve assembly closure process, the water level will not exceed the upper limit of the water supply tank 3's capacity, thus effectively guaranteeing the safe operation of the system. Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, a filter element is also installed in the water supply tank 3, and the water in the water supply tank 3 is filtered through the filter element before being discharged.

[0029] In some embodiments, the valve assembly includes a normally open ball valve 7 and a normally closed ball valve 8 connected in series. The normally open ball valve 7 is connected to the water supply tank 3, and the normally closed ball valve 8 is connected to the water supply pump 5. It is understood that the normally open ball valve 7 remains open when no signal is received, and similarly, the normally closed ball valve 8 remains closed when no signal is received. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, when it is sensed that the water level in the water supply tank 3 remains below V for a preset time... warn When water flow is insufficient, the normally closed ball valve 8 needs to be opened to replenish water to the water tank 3. Furthermore, if none of the three photoelectric sensors 6 detects water volume within 20 seconds, the normally closed ball valve 8 is opened, and the water pump 5 draws water from the magnetorheological water-cooling module 2 into the water tank 3 until the photoelectric sensor group detects sufficient water in the water tank 3 within 20 seconds. The normally open ball valve 7 serves as a backup element for water flow control. If the normally closed ball valve 8 malfunctions, the normally open ball valve 7 needs to be actively closed to cut off the water supply from the water pump 5. Specifically, when the water volume in the water tank 3 is detected to be higher than V within a preset time... spill At this point, it is determined that the normally closed ball valve 8 has malfunctioned (i.e., it cannot return to its initial closed state), and the normally open ball valve 7 will automatically close. Furthermore, if all three photoelectric sensors 6 continuously detect water volume within 20 seconds, the normally open ball valve 7 will automatically close, cutting off the water supply to the water replenishment pump 5.

[0030] For a normally closed ball valve 8 with an opening degree of less than 100%, its inlet shape is arc-shaped, and the flow through the valve orifice is typically turbulent. The inlet area A of the normally closed ball valve 8 at its maximum opening degree is... eff As shown in the following formula: ; Where D represents the valve diameter of the normally closed ball valve 8, and θ represents the central angle of the arc-shaped opening of the normally closed ball valve 8; The flow rate Q of the normally closed ball valve 8 at its maximum opening degree is as follows: ; in, The pressure difference between water entering the normally closed ball valve 8 and water flowing into the normally closed ball valve 8 is represented by ρ, which represents the water flow density. d This represents the flow coefficient of water.

[0031] The normally closed ball valve 8 does not close completely immediately after receiving a command, thus generating an additional water supply, V. e We obtain it from the following formula: ; Where C represents the maximum opening degree of the normally closed ball valve 8, t max This indicates the time required for the normally closed ball valve 8 to fully open.

[0032] In some embodiments, to ensure that the normally closed ball valve 8 receives a closing signal and is fully closed during the period (C×t) max During the process, even with additional water added (V) e Water is introduced into water tank 3, which maintains a sufficient water level. The valve operates rapidly and meets the following condition to prevent overload of water tank 3: .

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, to reduce costs, only the normally closed ball valve 8 needs to meet the above requirements. The normally open ball valve 7 is directly selected as a type that can react quickly, and this ball valve can react almost instantaneously after receiving a control signal. This embodiment of the invention preferably uses a Kepler KPMQ series electric ball valve (model KPMB-15E-FC & KPMQ-15E-FO). This normally open ball valve 7 is fully open and fully closed, with a reaction time of 0.7s. The inner wall of the normally open ball valve 7's passage is threaded, the outlet size of the normally open ball valve 7 is DN15, the control voltage of the normally open ball valve 7 is DC24V, it is a three-wire control (normally open type) system with power-off valve opening and signal feedback, the operating temperature of the normally open ball valve 7 is 16 to 25 degrees Celsius, and the operating hydraulic pressure is 14 kPa.

[0034] In some embodiments, the magnetorheological fluid storage module includes a magnetorheological fluid storage tank 9 and a hydraulic sensor 10. The magnetorheological fluid storage tank 9 is connected to a water supply tank 3 via a storage water pump 4. The storage water pump 4 draws water from the water supply tank 3 and supplies it to the magnetorheological fluid storage tank 9. The magnetorheological fluid storage tank 9 mixes the water and the magnetorheological fluid before inputting it into the magnetorheological polishing module. The magnetorheological water cooling module 2 supplies water to the magnetorheological fluid storage tank 9 for cooling, maintaining the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid in the tank 9. The hydraulic sensor 10 is used to sense the hydraulic pressure of the supplied magnetorheological fluid.

[0035] The magnetorheological fluid storage tank 9 is connected to the magnetorheological polishing module via pipelines, supplying magnetorheological fluid to the module and recovering the processed magnetorheological fluid. The magnetorheological water-cooling module 2 maintains the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid in the storage tank 9. After temperature maintenance, the fluid enters the magnetorheological polishing module through pipelines. This allows the water-cooling module 2 to supply water to the storage module, maintaining the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid in both the polishing and storage modules through water cooling. Meanwhile, to simplify the overall piping layout of the system, in this embodiment of the invention, the normally open ball valve 7 is connected to the magnetorheological water-cooling module 2 via the magnetorheological liquid storage tank 9. Specifically, to maintain the stable temperature of the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological liquid storage tank 9, a cooling passage for cooling water is provided on the side wall of the magnetorheological liquid storage tank 9. At this time, the magnetorheological water-cooling module 2 is connected to the cooling passage, and the normally open ball valve 7 is also connected to the cooling passage. This further realizes the connection between the magnetorheological water-cooling module 2, the cooling passage in the magnetorheological liquid storage tank 9, the normally open ball valve 7, the normally closed ball valve 8, the water pump 5, and the water tank 3, so that the water pump 5 can draw water from the magnetorheological water-cooling module 2 to the water tank 3.

[0036] This invention directly measures the water volume in the water replenishment tank 3 to determine the required amount of water to be added. Simultaneously, it utilizes the relationship between the hydraulic pressure of the magnetorheological fluid and its water content to determine the amount of water to add by sensing the hydraulic pressure of the magnetorheological fluid entering the magnetorheological polishing module. Since the magnetorheological fluid in this embodiment is primarily a mixture of deionized water and iron powder, and iron powder tends to clump and clog at the pressure sensor location after prolonged use, flush-film hydraulic sensors offer advantages such as high measurement accuracy and resistance to clogging. Therefore, this embodiment preferably uses a flush-film hydraulic sensor to measure the hydraulic pressure of the magnetorheological fluid entering the magnetorheological polishing module.

[0037] Common magnetorheological fluid supply pumps employ a peristaltic supply method, meaning the pump delivers the magnetorheological fluid in a peristaltic, time-sharing manner to ensure a stable discharge of the fluid. In this embodiment, the magnetorheological fluid supply pump is positioned before the hydraulic sensor 10, according to the flow direction of the fluid. Specifically, the magnetorheological fluid from the magnetorheological storage tank 9 enters the supply pump, and the hydraulic sensor 10 measures the hydraulic pressure of the magnetorheological fluid output from the supply pump. Furthermore, the distance between the supply pump and the hydraulic sensor 10 is very close.

[0038] Magnetorheological fluids exhibit the properties of Newtonian fluids in the absence of a magnetic field, and are incompressible. The relative relationships between the liquid pressure, viscosity, and flow rate of magnetorheological fluids are shown in the following equation: ; in, Let η represent the hydraulic pressure measured by the hydraulic sensor 10, L represent the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid, L represent the length of the pipeline between the magnetorheological fluid supply pump and the hydraulic sensor 10, q represent the flow rate of the magnetorheological fluid, and R represent the inner radius of the pipeline between the magnetorheological fluid supply pump and the hydraulic sensor 10. Further explanation: theoretically, the left side of the above equation represents the hydraulic pressure difference of the magnetorheological fluid between the magnetorheological fluid supply pump and the hydraulic sensor 10. Since in engineering practice they are generally arranged close together, the left side of the equation is generally considered to be the hydraulic pressure measured by the hydraulic sensor 10.

[0039] In the absence of a magnetic field, the viscosity of a magnetorheological fluid can be described using the Krieger-Dougherty formula: ; Where η0 represents the viscosity of deionized water without any medium at the same temperature and pressure. This indicates the volume fraction of iron powder in the magnetorheological fluid. max [η] represents the volume fraction of iron powder in the magnetorheological fluid in its most compact state, and [η] represents the intrinsic viscosity (i.e., the limit of the relative increase in viscosity caused by a unit volume fraction of iron powder particles when the magnetorheological fluid is infinitely diluted).

[0040] Combining the above two equations, we obtain the following relationship between the water content of the magnetorheological fluid and the hydraulic pressure: ; in, w This indicates the water content of the magnetorheological fluid. It can be observed that the deionized water content in the magnetorheological fluid is negatively correlated with the hydraulic pressure; therefore, the water content of the magnetorheological fluid can be controlled by circulating the hydraulic pressure within the system.

[0041] Based on the above relationship, this invention determines how much water to add to the magnetorheological fluid by sensing the hydraulic pressure of the magnetorheological fluid entering the magnetorheological polishing module. Specifically, in some embodiments, the magnetorheological fluid storage module senses the hydraulic pressure according to a set detection cycle: If the magnetorheological fluid storage module senses that the hydraulic pressure exceeds the preset hydraulic pressure threshold, the fluid storage pump 4 slowly draws water from the water tank 3 and transfers it to the magnetorheological fluid storage module, and then senses the hydraulic pressure again in the next detection cycle: P0 = P + 0.05P; Where P0 represents the hydraulic threshold and P represents the hydraulic pressure at standard water content; When the magnetorheological fluid storage module cannot sense hydraulic pressure, the fluid storage pump 4 periodically and slowly draws water from the water tank 3 and transfers it to the magnetorheological fluid storage module according to the following formula until the processing is completed: ; Where T1 represents the cycle of water extraction by the storage pump 4, and N represents the period during which the magnetorheological storage module cannot sense the hydraulic pressure. Number of times water is extracted within a given time period.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, regardless of whether the magnetorheological fluid storage module senses hydraulic pressure, it is preferable to add 2-3 ml of water each time to avoid excessive water causing a decrease in the concentration of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0043] It should be noted that existing water replenishment methods all determine the amount of water to add to the magnetorheological fluid based on the amount of water sensed. This method not only leads to untimely water replenishment but also fails to consider the impact of added water on the composition of the magnetorheological fluid. Consequently, improper water replenishment results in an imbalance between the magnetorheological fluid and water, thus affecting the subsequent processing results. This invention, however, utilizes the relationship between the hydraulic pressure of the magnetorheological fluid and its water content. By sensing the hydraulic pressure of the delivered magnetorheological fluid, it determines the amount of water to add. This ensures both the accuracy of water replenishment and guarantees that the water mixes with the magnetorheological fluid in a reasonable composition, resulting in a magnetorheological fluid suitable for the processing operation and improving the subsequent processing results.

[0044] In some embodiments, the magnetorheological polishing module includes a nozzle 11, a polishing motor 12, a polishing wheel 13, and a magnetorheological fluid recovery port 14. The nozzle 11 delivers magnetorheological fluid from the magnetorheological fluid storage tank 9 to the working point of the polishing wheel 13, and a hydraulic sensor 10 is located at the nozzle 11 to sense the hydraulic pressure of the magnetorheological fluid in the nozzle 11; the magnetorheological fluid recovery port 14 is located at the rear end of the polishing wheel 13; the polishing motor 12 drives the polishing wheel 13 to rotate, and the polishing wheel 13 uses the magnetorheological fluid to process optical elements; the magnetorheological fluid recovery port 14 recovers the remaining magnetorheological fluid and transfers it to the magnetorheological fluid storage tank 9.

[0045] In some embodiments, the magnetorheological fluid storage module further includes a three-port connector 15. The first port of the three-port connector 15 is connected to the inner interlayer of the magnetorheological fluid storage tank 9, and the cooling water flowing through the inner interlayer of the magnetorheological fluid storage tank 9 flows out from the first port; the second port of the three-port connector 15 is connected to the water supply tank 3 via a valve group (i.e., a normally open ball valve and a normally closed ball valve 8); the third port of the three-port connector 15 is connected to the outlet of the magnetorheological water-cooling module 2, so that the cooling water output by the magnetorheological water-cooling module 2 returns to the magnetorheological water-cooling module 2 through the magnetorheological fluid storage tank 9 and the third port in sequence.

[0046] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A magnetorheological machining system with dynamic water replenishment, characterized in that, It includes a magnetorheological polishing module, a magnetorheological liquid storage module, a magnetorheological water replenishment module, and a magnetorheological water cooling module, wherein: The magnetorheological polishing module is used to perform magnetorheological polishing on optical components; The magnetorheological fluid storage module is used to supply magnetorheological fluid to the magnetorheological polishing module and to sense the hydraulic pressure of the output magnetorheological fluid in real time. The magnetorheological water-cooling module is used to maintain the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological polishing module and the magnetorheological liquid storage module by water cooling, and at the same time to replenish water to the magnetorheological water supply module. The magnetorheological water replenishment module includes a water replenishment tank, a photoelectric sensor group, a valve group, and a liquid storage pump. The photoelectric sensor group senses the water volume in the water replenishment tank. The valve group connects the magnetorheological water cooling module and the water replenishment tank, and the valve group opens and closes according to the water volume sensed by the photoelectric sensor group. The liquid storage pump extracts water from the water replenishment tank and transfers it to the magnetorheological liquid storage module based on the hydraulic pressure sensed by the magnetorheological liquid storage module.

2. The magnetorheological machining system for dynamic water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetorheological water replenishment module also includes a water replenishment pump, which is connected to the water replenishment tank and the magnetorheological water cooling module. If the photoelectric sensor group continuously detects that the water level in the water replenishment tank is insufficient within a preset time, the water replenishment pump will draw water from the magnetorheological water cooling module into the water replenishment tank until the photoelectric sensor group detects that the water level in the water replenishment tank is sufficient within the preset time.

3. The magnetorheological machining system for dynamic water replenishment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photoelectric sensor group includes multiple photoelectric sensors, which are positioned at different heights on the water supply tank. The valve assembly includes normally open ball valves and normally closed ball valves connected in series. The normally open ball valves are connected to the water supply tank, and the normally closed ball valves are connected to the water supply pump. If multiple photoelectric sensors fail to detect water volume within a preset time, the normally closed ball valve is opened, and the water pump draws water from the magnetorheological water-cooling module into the water tank until multiple photoelectric sensors detect sufficient water volume in the water tank within the preset time. If multiple photoelectric sensors continuously detect water volume within a preset time, the normally open ball valve will automatically close, cutting off the water supply from the water replenishment pump.

4. The magnetorheological machining system for dynamic water replenishment according to claim 3, characterized in that, Normally closed ball valves satisfy the following formula: ； Where C represents the maximum opening degree of a normally closed ball valve, and A eff This represents the inlet area of ​​a normally closed ball valve at its maximum opening degree, t max This indicates the time required for a normally closed ball valve to fully open. ρ represents the hydraulic pressure difference before water enters the normally closed ball valve and after it flows into the normally closed ball valve; C represents the water flow density. d V represents the flow coefficient of water flow. spill V represents the water storage capacity corresponding to the overload of the water tank. median This indicates the water storage capacity when the water tank is full.

5. The magnetorheological machining system for dynamic water replenishment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetorheological fluid storage module senses hydraulic pressure according to a set detection cycle: If the magnetorheological fluid storage module senses that the hydraulic pressure exceeds the preset hydraulic pressure threshold, the fluid storage pump slowly draws water from the water tank and transfers it to the magnetorheological fluid storage module, and then senses the hydraulic pressure again in the next detection cycle. When the magnetorheological fluid storage module cannot sense hydraulic pressure, the fluid storage pump periodically and slowly draws water from the water tank and transfers it to the magnetorheological fluid storage module until the processing is completed.

6. The magnetorheological machining system for dynamic water replenishment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hydraulic threshold is: P0 = P + 0.05P; Where P0 represents the hydraulic threshold and P represents the hydraulic pressure at the standard water content.

7. The magnetorheological machining system for dynamic water replenishment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The storage water pump extracts water periodically according to the following formula: ； Where T1 represents the cycle of water extraction by the storage pump, and N represents the period during which the magnetorheological storage module cannot sense the hydraulic pressure. Number of times water is extracted within a given time period.

8. The magnetorheological machining system for dynamic water replenishment according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The magnetorheological fluid storage module includes a magnetorheological fluid storage tank and a hydraulic sensor; The magnetorheological storage tank is connected to the water supply tank via a storage water pump. The storage water pump draws water from the water supply tank and supplies it to the magnetorheological storage tank. The magnetorheological storage tank mixes the water and the magnetorheological fluid and then inputs it into the magnetorheological polishing module. The magnetorheological water-cooling module supplies water to the magnetorheological storage tank for cooling, maintaining the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid in the tank. The magnetorheological fluid storage tank is connected to the magnetorheological polishing module through pipelines, supplying magnetorheological fluid to the magnetorheological polishing module and recovering the magnetorheological fluid processed by the magnetorheological polishing module; Hydraulic sensors are used to sense the hydraulic pressure of the delivered magnetorheological fluid.

9. The magnetorheological machining system for dynamic water replenishment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The magnetorheological polishing module includes a nozzle, a polishing motor, a polishing wheel, and a magnetorheological fluid recovery port; The nozzle delivers the magnetorheological fluid from the magnetorheological reservoir to the working point of the polishing wheel, and a hydraulic sensor is installed at the nozzle to sense the hydraulic pressure of the magnetorheological fluid in the nozzle. The magnetorheological fluid recovery port is located at the rear end of the polishing wheel; The polishing motor drives the polishing wheel to rotate. The polishing wheel uses magnetorheological fluid to process the optical components. The magnetorheological fluid recovery port recovers the remaining magnetorheological fluid and transfers it to the magnetorheological fluid storage tank.

10. The magnetorheological machining system for dynamic water replenishment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The magnetorheological fluid storage module also includes a three-port connector: The first port of the three-port connector is connected to the inner interlayer of the magnetorheological storage tank, and the cooling water flowing through the inner interlayer flows out from the first port. The second port of the three-port connector is connected to the water supply tank via a valve assembly; The third port of the three-port connector is connected to the outlet of the magnetorheological water-cooling module, so that the cooling water output by the magnetorheological water-cooling module passes through the magnetorheological storage tank and the third port in sequence and returns to the magnetorheological water-cooling module.

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