Automatic feeding and conveying system for PCBs (printed circuit boards)

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic feeding and conveying system for PCBs (printed circuit boards), and relates to the technical field of conveying equipment, the system comprises an incoming material conveying belt of a transverse conveying belt structure, an incoming material adjusting assembly arranged close to the output end of the incoming material conveying belt, and a bearing conveying belt located at the bottom of the incoming material adjusting assembly; the supplied material adjusting assembly is used for bearing the material plate from the supplied material conveying belt, the angle of the material plate carried by the supplied material adjusting assembly is adjusted as required by controlling the angle of the supplied material adjusting assembly, and the material plate is placed on the bearing conveying belt after adjustment is completed; the technical effects that the automatic feeding and conveying system for the PCBs is not prone to damaging the PCBs in the using process, the applicability is high, the angle adjusting efficiency is high, and the risk that the PCBs fall off unplanned in the transferring process is low are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of conveying equipment technology, and in particular to an automatic PCB circuit board feeding and conveying system. Background Technology

[0002] The production process of PCB boards involves processes such as cutting, screen printing, dispensing, and coating. Processing equipment and conveying equipment are needed to process the PCB boards. During the conveying and transfer process, the angle of the PCB boards needs to be adjusted as needed due to the different requirements of processing, inspection, and installation processes.

[0003] In the prior art, three methods are generally used to adjust the angle of the PCB board: one is to use a clamp to pick up the PCB board, adjust the angle, and then put it down again; the second is to use a suction cup to pick up the PCB board, adjust the angle, and then put it down again; the third is to transport the PCB board to a turntable, use the turntable to adjust the angle of the PCB board, and then transport it back to the conveyor belt (this type of solution is disclosed in Chinese invention patent with authorization announcement number CN118004729B). However, in practical applications, using clips to transfer PCB boards can easily damage them and the clamping effect is poor for irregularly shaped boards. Suction cups are not suitable for smaller PCB boards, and the risk of falling is relatively high regardless of whether clips or suction cups are used. The process of adjusting the angle of a PCB board using the PCB board side transfer and feeding conveyor mechanism (using a conveyor belt and turntable) disclosed in Chinese invention patent with authorization announcement number CN118004729B is cumbersome and complicated. The structure of the equipment used is also relatively complex, and its applicability is poor. It is difficult to handle smaller PCB boards (which will fall through the gaps), and the work efficiency is also relatively low. During the PCB board transfer process, jamming and obstruction are prone to occur, resulting in inconsistent conveying distances and affecting the orderly progress of the feeding operation.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for an automatic PCB feeding and conveying system that is not prone to damaging the PCB board during use, has strong applicability, high angle adjustment efficiency, and low risk of unplanned drops during PCB board transfer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system, which solves the technical problems of existing automatic PCB board feeding and conveying systems, such as easy damage to PCB boards when adjusting the angle, poor applicability, low angle adjustment efficiency, and high risk of unplanned drops during PCB board transfer. The system achieves the technical effects of being less likely to damage PCB boards during use, having strong applicability, high angle adjustment efficiency, and a low risk of unplanned drops during PCB board transfer.

[0006] This application provides an automatic PCB circuit board feeding and conveying system, including a horizontally positioned inbound conveyor belt, an inbound adjustment component, and a receiving conveyor belt; The material adjustment assembly is located near the output end of the material conveyor belt and includes a telescopic support frame, a support crossbar, a base block, a telescopic connector, a first limiting body, and a second limiting body. The telescopic support frame is a vertically installed and retractable rigid frame that is fixed to the ground. The support crossbar is fixed to the top of the telescopic support frame; The top of the base block is rotatably connected to the bottom of the support crossbar, and the axis of rotation is perpendicular to the horizontal ground. The telescopic connector is a horizontal telescopic rod structure, positioned on both sides of the base block, used to control the first limiting body and the second limiting body to move closer or further apart from each other; The first limiting body and the second limiting body have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. They cooperate with each other to receive and transversely convey the material plate, and are fixed on different telescopic connecting bodies. The receiving conveyor belt is positioned directly below the material receiving adjustment assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the first limiting body includes a connecting frame and a guide belt assembly; The connecting frame is a horizontally placed rigid plate or rigid frame, fixed to the telescopic connecting body; The guide belt assembly includes an end guide post, an annular belt body, and a material support soft ring; The end guide post is a vertically arranged rigid cylinder, and there are two of them. They are fixed on the surface of the connecting frame of the first limiting body near the second limiting body and are located near both ends of the connecting frame. The annular belt is an annular soft belt that is fitted onto two end guide posts and positioned near the top of the end guide posts. The material support ring is a rubber ring that is fitted onto the two end guide posts and is always taut. Its top surface is flat and it is located near the bottom of the end guide posts.

[0008] Preferably, the cross-section of the material support ring is triangular.

[0009] Preferably, the material support ring is a hollow elastic ring with an internal annular cavity filled with iron powder. An adjusting magnet is provided within the space enclosed by the material support ring; the adjusting magnet is a horizontally placed long strip electromagnet, which is controlled by the control unit to turn on and off, and is located near the center of the space enclosed by the material support ring, and is fixed to the connecting frame by a magnet carrier. The distance between the adjusting magnet and the material support ring is greater than 1.3 times the width of the top surface of the material support ring. When the material plate needs to be separated from the material adjustment component, it is only necessary to control the adjusting magnet to be energized once when the material plate is close to the adjusting magnet to make the material support ring change and make room for the material plate to fall.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes adjustment components and a machine vision system; The adjustment components include a first adjustment component and a second adjustment component, which have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. Both are located at the top of the conveyor belt and cooperate with each other to clamp the material plate. The first adjustment assembly includes a positioning frame fixed on the ground or on a carrier that supports the conveyor belt, a horizontal bar with a telescopic rod structure, a positioning carrier rod, a rotating column, and an adjustment ring; one end of the horizontal bar is fixed to the positioning frame; the positioning carrier rod is fixed to the other end of the horizontal bar; There are two rotating columns, which are vertically arranged and rotate around their own axis and are connected to the bottom of the positioning rod. The adjusting ring is an elastic rubber ring with a thickness greater than 0.8 cm. It is fitted onto the two rotating columns and is always in a taut state. The bottom surface of the adjusting ring is less than 0.2 cm away from the top surface of the receiving conveyor belt.

[0011] Preferably, the adjusting ring is a hollow elastic ring with an internal annular cavity filled with iron powder. The distance between the positioning rod and the top surface of the adjusting ring is greater than 0.7 cm; the bottom surface of the positioning rod is provided with a strip magnet; The bar magnet is a bar-shaped electromagnet that is controlled to switch on and off. The positioning rod is located directly above the adjusting ring and near the center of the positioning rod. When the bar magnet is energized, it will attract the adjusting ring to move upwards near the center, thereby causing the material plate clamped by the two adjusting rings to move upwards, thus avoiding wear on the bottom of the material plate.

[0012] Preferably, one receiving conveyor belt is used in conjunction with two material adjustment assemblies and two material conveyor belts.

[0013] An automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system includes a horizontally positioned belt conveyor for conveying the boards, an adjustment assembly, and a machine vision system. The adjustment components include a first adjustment component and a second adjustment component, which have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. Both are located at the top of the belt conveyor and cooperate with each other to clamp the material plate. The first adjustment assembly includes a positioning frame, a horizontal bar, a positioning support bar, a rotating column, and an adjustment ring; The positioning frame is fixed on the ground or on the carrier of the belt conveyor; There is an angle greater than 15 degrees between the length direction of the horizontal bar and the width direction of the belt conveyor; the positioning support rod is fixed to the other end of the horizontal bar; The number of rotating columns is two, which are arranged vertically and are rotatably connected to the bottom of the positioning rod and near both ends of the positioning rod around their own axis. At least one of them is controlled to rotate. The adjusting ring is an elastic rubber ring that is fitted onto the two rotating columns and is always in a taut state.

[0014] Preferably, the positioning support rod is a horizontally placed rigid plate with three rotating columns on it; the adjusting ring is supported by the three rotating columns to form an obtuse triangle; the triangular adjusting ring also serves as a guide.

[0015] Preferably, the positioning frame is positioned on a turntable, which is positioned on the ground. By rotating the turntable, the angle between the first adjustment component and the second adjustment component and the belt conveyor can be adjusted.

[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This invention provides an automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system. The system includes a horizontally positioned infeed conveyor belt, an infeed adjustment component located near the output end of the infeed conveyor belt, and a receiving conveyor belt located at the bottom of the infeed adjustment component. The infeed adjustment component receives the boards from the infeed conveyor belt, and the angle of the infeed adjustment component is controlled to adjust the angle of the boards as needed. After adjustment, the boards are lowered onto the receiving conveyor belt. This effectively solves the technical problems of existing automatic PCB board feeding and conveying systems, such as easy damage to PCB boards during angle adjustment, poor applicability, low angle adjustment efficiency, and a high risk of unplanned drops during PCB board transfer. Therefore, this system achieves the technical effects of minimizing damage to PCB boards during use, high applicability, high angle adjustment efficiency, and a low risk of unplanned drops during PCB board transfer. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the various components of the PCB circuit board automatic feeding and conveying system of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the incoming material adjustment component; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first limiting body; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the end guide post, the annular belt, and the material support ring; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the end guide post; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the material support ring structure; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the material support ring; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the incoming material conveyor belt, the incoming material adjustment assembly, and the adjustment assembly. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first adjustment component; Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the positioning rod, rotating column, adjusting ring, and bar magnet; Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the component and the material plate; Figure 12 A simplified diagram showing the state of the adjusting ring when it is attracted by the adjusting magnet; Figure 13 A simplified diagram showing the positional relationship between the two incoming material conveyor belts, the two incoming material adjustment components, and the receiving conveyor belt; Figure 14 A diagram illustrating the layout state of the components; Figure 15 A simplified diagram for adjusting the layout state of components; Figure 16 A simplified diagram showing the layout of the adjusting ring, which is supported to a taut state by three rotating columns, on a belt conveyor.

[0018] In the picture: Material plate 001, incoming material conveyor belt 002, guide body 003, incoming material adjustment component 100, telescopic support frame 110, support crossbar 120, base block 130, telescopic connector 140, connecting frame 150, end guide column 161, ring belt body 162, material support soft ring 163, adjusting magnet 170, magnet carrier 171, receiving conveyor belt 200, adjusting component 300, positioning frame body 310, horizontal bar 320, positioning carrier 330, rotating column 340, adjusting ring 350, strip magnet 360, belt conveyor 400. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description of this application will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "up," "down," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system of this application includes an incoming material conveyor belt 002, an incoming material adjustment component 100, a receiving conveyor belt 200, a power component, and a control unit.

[0024] The incoming material conveyor belt 002 is a horizontally positioned conveyor belt structure used to transport the material board 001 (PCB circuit board) to the incoming material adjustment assembly 100.

[0025] Furthermore, the incoming material conveyor belt 002 is provided with guide bodies 003 for guiding the movement direction of the material plate 001 so that it can enter the incoming material adjustment assembly 100 more efficiently and conveniently; the guide bodies 003 are rigid plates, there are two of them, and they are arranged in a figure-eight shape at the top of the incoming material conveyor belt 002, which only serve a guiding function. After the material plate 001 contacts the guide body 003, it will move to a position close to the middle of the incoming material conveyor belt 002 under the guidance of the guide body 003. This is the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0026] The material adjustment component 100 is used to receive the material plate 001 from the material conveyor belt 002 and adjust the angle of the material plate 001 it carries as needed, and is set close to the output end of the material conveyor belt 002. The incoming material adjustment assembly 100 includes a telescopic support frame 110, a support crossbar 120, a base block 130, a telescopic connector 140, a first limiting body, and a second limiting body; The telescopic support frame 110 is a vertically arranged rigid frame, with the main body being a vertically arranged telescopic rod structure that can be telescopically extended and retracted in a controlled manner (under the coordinated control of the control unit and the power component), and its bottom is fixed to the ground; The support crossbar 120 is a rigid bar arranged horizontally and fixed to the top of the telescopic support frame 110, serving as a load-bearing and connecting element; The base block 130 is a horizontally placed rigid block or frame structure, with its top rotatably connected to the bottom of the support crossbar 120. The axis of rotation is perpendicular to the horizontal ground, and it rotates under the coordinated control of the power component and the control unit. The telescopic connector 140 is a horizontally placed telescopic rod structure that extends and retracts under the coordinated control of the power component and the control unit. It is positioned on both sides of the base block 130, and its number is a multiple of 2. It is used to control the first limit body and the second limit body to move closer or further apart, so that they can adapt to various specifications of material plates 001. The axis of the telescopic connector 140 is parallel to the horizontal ground, and the axis of the telescopic connector 140 is the same as the length direction of the support crossbar 120 when the base block 130 is not rotated. The first limiting body and the second limiting body are used together to adapt to material plates 001 of different specifications. The two have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. They are fixed on different telescopic connecting bodies 140. Their own length direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the telescopic connecting body 140. Under the action of the telescopic connecting body 140, they move closer to each other or further away from each other. The first limiting body includes a connecting frame 150 and a guide belt assembly; The connecting frame 150 is a horizontally placed rigid plate or rigid frame, fixed on the telescopic connecting body 140. Under normal conditions, its length direction is the same as the length direction of the material conveyor belt 002, and it plays a supporting role. The guide belt assembly is used to receive and guide the material plate 001 to move, and includes an end guide post 161, an annular belt body 162 and a material support soft ring 163; The end guide post 161 is a vertically arranged rigid cylinder, and there are two of them. They are fixed on the surface of the connecting frame 150 of the first limiting body near the second limiting body and near both ends of the connecting frame 150. At least one of them rotates under the coordinated control of the power component and the control unit, thereby driving the annular belt 162 and the material support soft ring 163 it carries to rotate. The annular belt 162 is an annular soft belt that is fitted onto the two end guide posts 161 and is always taut. It is positioned near the top of the end guide posts 161 and rotates under the influence of the end guide posts 161. The material support ring 163 is a rubber ring that is fitted on the two end guide posts 161 and is always in a taut state. Its top surface is flat and it is located near the bottom of the end guide posts 161. It rotates under the drive of the end guide posts 161. The bottom surface of the annular belt 162 is in close contact with the top surface of the material support ring 163; Normally, the top surface of the material support ring 163 is higher than the top surface of the incoming material conveyor belt 002, or lower than the top surface of the incoming material conveyor belt 002 and the difference in height is less than 0.3 cm; the distance between the material support ring 163 and the incoming material conveyor belt 002 is less than 0.5 cm. The structure of the second limiting body is the same as that of the first limiting body, and will not be described in detail here.

[0027] The receiving conveyor belt 200 is a horizontally placed conveyor belt structure, located directly below the material adjustment component 100, and in the same length direction as the material conveyor belt 002. It is used to receive the material plate 001 from the material adjustment component 100 and to continue conveying the material plate 001.

[0028] The power component is used to provide power for the operation of each component of the PCB circuit board automatic feeding and conveying system of this application, and the control unit plays the role of controlling the coordinated operation of each component of the PCB circuit board automatic feeding and conveying system. Both are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] When the automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system of this application embodiment is used: First, the distance between the first and second limiting bodies of the material adjustment assembly 100 needs to be adjusted according to the specifications of the material plate 001 to be processed, so that the two annular belts 162 can just sandwich the material plate 001 between them and both material support rings 163 can support the material plate 001 (that is, the side of the material plate 001 can just contact the two annular belts 162 at the same time, and the bottom surface of the material plate 001 can contact the material support rings 163 at the same time). The annular belt 162 and the material support ring 163 of the material adjustment assembly 100 both run at the same speed as the material conveyor belt 002; the material plates 001 move one by one from the material conveyor belt 002 to the material adjustment assembly 100; if there is a need to adjust the angle of the material plate 001, then when the material adjustment assembly 100 is carrying a material plate 001, the first limit body and the second limit body are controlled to rise simultaneously and rotate at a certain angle (the angle is set according to the required angle), and then the first limit body and the second limit body are controlled to move away from each other simultaneously so that the material plate 001 carried by the material adjustment assembly 100 falls quickly onto the receiving conveyor belt 200, and finally the first limit body and the second limit body are quickly reset.

[0030] Preferred, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in order to make the material support ring 163 closer to the incoming material conveyor belt 002, the cross-section of the material support ring 163 is triangular.

[0031] To facilitate faster detachment of the material plate 001 from the feeding adjustment assembly 100 and rapid descent, and to reduce subtle angle changes during the descent of the material plate 001, preferably, the material support ring 163 is a hollow elastic ring with an internal annular cavity filled with iron powder; an adjusting magnet 170 is provided within the space enclosed by the material support ring 163; the adjusting magnet 170 is a horizontally placed, elongated electromagnet, controlled by the control unit to be energized and de-energized, and is positioned near the center of the space enclosed by the material support ring 163. The material plate 001 is fixed to the connecting frame 150 by the magnet carrier 171; the distance between the adjusting magnet 170 and the material support ring 163 is greater than 1.3 times the width of the top surface of the material support ring 163; when the material plate 001 needs to be separated from the incoming material adjustment assembly 100, it is not necessary to control the first limit body and the second limit body to move away from each other. It is only necessary to control the adjusting magnet 170 to be energized once when the material plate 001 is close to the adjusting magnet 170 to deform the material support ring 163 and make room for the material plate 001 to fall, thereby making the material plate 001 fall quickly.

[0032] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This invention solves the technical problems of existing automatic PCB feeding and conveying systems, such as easy damage to PCBs when adjusting their angles, poor applicability, low angle adjustment efficiency, and a high risk of unplanned drops during PCB transfer. It achieves the technical effect of an automatic PCB feeding and conveying system that is less likely to damage PCBs during use, has strong applicability, high angle adjustment efficiency, and a low risk of unplanned drops during PCB transfer.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] To further reduce the angle change during the falling of the material plate 001 and further reduce the deviation, this embodiment adds an adjustment component 300 and a machine vision system to the above embodiment. The adjustment component 300, in conjunction with the machine vision system, readjusts the angle of the material plate 001 again; specifically: like Figures 8 to 11 As shown, the adjustment component 300 includes a first adjustment component and a second adjustment component. The two components have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. They are both located on the top of the receiving conveyor belt 200 and cooperate with each other to clamp the material plate 001. The first adjustment assembly includes a positioning frame 310, a horizontal bar 320, a positioning support bar 330, a rotating column 340, and an adjustment ring 350; The positioning frame 310 is a plate-shaped, rod-shaped, or frame structure support, which is fixed on the ground or on the carrier that supports the conveyor belt 200, and plays a supporting role. The horizontal bar 320 is a rigid telescopic bar arranged horizontally, which can be extended and retracted in a controlled manner. One end is fixed on the positioning frame 310, and its length direction is the same as the width direction of the receiving conveyor belt 200. The positioning rod 330 is a horizontal rigid rod, fixed to the other end of the horizontal rod 320, and its length direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the horizontal rod 320; when the horizontal rod 320 extends or retracts, it drives the positioning rod 330 to move. There are two rotating columns 340, which are vertically arranged and rotatably connected to the bottom of the positioning rod 330 around their own axis and are located near both ends of the positioning rod 330. At least one of them is controlled to rotate. The adjusting ring 350 is an elastic rubber ring with a thickness greater than 0.8 cm. It is fitted onto the two rotating columns 340 and is always in a taut state. The bottom surface of the adjusting ring 350 is less than 0.2 cm away from the top surface of the receiving conveyor belt 200.

[0035] The structure of the second adjustment component is the same as that of the first adjustment component, and will not be described in detail here.

[0036] The machine vision system is located on top of the adjustment component 300 and is connected to the control unit via signal. It acquires the real-time posture of the material plate 001 and the relative position between the material plate 001 and the adjustment component 300 through a camera, and then coordinates with the control unit to control the operation of the adjustment component 300. This is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0037] During use, if the material plate 001 does not need to be adjusted or the adjusted angle is exactly an integer multiple of 90 degrees, when the material plate 001 falls onto the receiving conveyor belt 200 and moves between the first adjustment component and the second adjustment component, the control adjustment ring 350 and the receiving conveyor belt 200 run synchronously, and the control first adjustment component and the second adjustment component move closer to each other once to squeeze the material plate 001 from the side to eliminate the error caused by falling. If the angle of the material plate 001 is not an integer multiple of 90 degrees, when the material plate 001 falls onto the receiving conveyor belt 200 and moves between the first adjustment component and the second adjustment component, the first adjustment component and the second adjustment component are controlled to move closer to each other to clamp the material plate 001, and the two adjustment rings 350 are controlled to move asynchronously, so that the material plate 001 is twisted and rotated to the correct angle (whether it is the correct angle is determined by the machine vision system). Then, the two adjustment rings 350 are controlled to move away from each other at the same time to eliminate the error caused by the falling of the material plate 001.

[0038] To reduce wear on the material plate 001 during angle readjustment; preferably, such as Figure 12As shown, the adjusting ring 350 is a hollow elastic ring with an internal annular cavity filled with iron powder; the distance between the positioning rod 330 and the top surface of the adjusting ring 350 is greater than 0.7 cm; a strip magnet 360 is provided on the bottom surface of the positioning rod 330; the strip magnet 360 is a strip-shaped electromagnet that is controlled to be energized and de-energized; the positioning rod 330 is located directly above the adjusting ring 350 and close to the middle of the positioning rod 330. When the strip magnet 360 is energized, it will attract the adjusting ring 350 to move upward closer to the middle position, thereby causing the material plate 001 clamped by the two adjusting rings 350 to move upward, thus avoiding wear on the bottom of the material plate 001. When the material plate 001 falls onto the receiving conveyor belt 200 and moves between the first adjusting component and the second adjusting component, the control adjusting ring 350 and the receiving conveyor belt 200 operate synchronously. The control first adjusting component and the second adjusting component move closer to each other to clamp the material plate 001. After clamping the material plate 001 and moving it to a position close to the strip magnet 360, the control strip magnet 360 is energized. Then, the two adjusting rings 350 are controlled to move asynchronously as needed, so that the material plate 001 twists and rotates to the correct angle while suspended in the air.

[0039] Preferred, such as Figure 13 As shown, one receiving conveyor belt 200 can be used with two material adjustment components 100 and two material conveyor belts 002. When one receiving conveyor belt 200 is used with two material adjustment components 100 and two material conveyor belts 002, the two material adjustment components 100 can simultaneously process material plates 001 of different specifications, thereby realizing the free arrangement of processes.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, an automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system includes a belt conveyor 400, an adjustment component 300, and a machine vision system. The belt conveyor 400 is used to convey the material plate 001. The machine vision system obtains the real-time posture of the material plate 001 and the relative position state between the material plate 001 and the adjustment component 300 through the camera. Both are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The adjustment component 300 includes a first adjustment component and a second adjustment component, which have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. Both are located on the top of the belt conveyor 400, and they cooperate to clamp the material plate 001. The first adjustment assembly includes a positioning frame 310, a horizontal bar 320, a positioning support bar 330, a rotating column 340, and an adjustment ring 350; The positioning frame 310 is a plate-shaped, rod-shaped, or frame structure support, which is fixed on the ground or on the carrier of the belt conveyor 400 and plays a supporting role. The horizontal bar 320 is a rigid telescopic bar arranged laterally, which is controlled to extend and retract. One end is fixed on the positioning frame 310, and there is an angle greater than 15 degrees between the length direction and the width direction of the belt conveyor 400. The positioning rod 330 is a horizontal rigid rod, fixed to the other end of the horizontal rod 320, and its length direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the horizontal rod 320; when the horizontal rod 320 extends or retracts, it drives the positioning rod 330 to move. There are two rotating columns 340, which are vertically arranged and rotatably connected to the bottom of the positioning rod 330 around their own axis and are located near both ends of the positioning rod 330. At least one of them is controlled to rotate. The adjusting ring 350 is an elastic rubber ring with a thickness greater than 0.8 cm. It is fitted onto the two rotating columns 340 and is always in a taut state. The bottom surface of the adjusting ring 350 is less than 0.2 cm away from the top surface of the belt conveyor 400.

[0042] The structure of the second adjustment component is the same as that of the first adjustment component, and will not be described in detail here.

[0043] When the material plate 001 moves on the belt conveyor 400, the required angle can be adjusted by using the first adjustment component and the second adjustment component to clamp the material plate 001 (against the corner of the material plate 001) and operate in coordination (asynchronous operation).

[0044] Furthermore, the belt conveyor 400 is provided with a guide body 003 for guiding the material plate 001.

[0045] Preferred, such as Figure 16 As shown, the positioning rod 330 is a horizontally placed rigid plate with three rotating columns 340 on it; the adjusting ring 350 is supported by the three rotating columns 340 to form an obtuse triangle; the triangular adjusting ring 350 also plays a certain guiding role.

[0046] Preferably, the positioning frame 310 is positioned on a turntable, which is positioned on the ground. By rotating the turntable, the angle between the first adjustment component and the second adjustment component and the belt conveyor 400 can be adjusted.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system, comprising a transversely positioned conveyor belt (002), characterized in that: It also includes an incoming material adjustment assembly (100) and a receiving conveyor belt (200); The material adjustment assembly (100) is located near the output end of the material conveyor belt (002) and includes a telescopic support frame (110), a support crossbar (120), a base block (130), a telescopic connector (140), a first limiting body, and a second limiting body; The telescopic support frame (110) is a vertically installed and telescopic rigid frame that is fixed to the ground; The support crossbar (120) is fixed to the top of the telescopic support frame (110); The top of the base block (130) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the support crossbar (120), and the axis of rotation is perpendicular to the horizontal ground. The telescopic connector (140) is a horizontal telescopic rod structure, positioned on both sides of the base block (130), used to control the first limiting body and the second limiting body to move closer or further apart from each other; The first limiting body and the second limiting body have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. They cooperate with each other to receive and move the conveyor plate (001) laterally, and are fixed on different telescopic connecting bodies (140). The receiving conveyor belt (200) is positioned directly below the material receiving adjustment assembly (100).

2. The automatic PCB circuit board feeding and conveying system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first limiting body includes a connecting frame (150) and a guide belt assembly; The connecting frame (150) is a horizontally placed rigid plate or rigid frame, fixed on the telescopic connecting body (140); The guide belt assembly includes an end guide post (161), an annular belt body (162), and a material support soft ring (163); The end guide post (161) is a vertically arranged rigid cylinder, and there are two of them. They are fixed on the surface of the connecting frame (150) of the first limiting body near the second limiting body and are located near both ends of the connecting frame (150). The annular belt (162) is an annular soft belt that is fitted onto the two end guide posts (161) and is positioned near the top of the end guide posts (161). The material support ring (163) is a rubber ring that is fitted on the two end guide posts (161) and is always in a taut state. Its top surface is flat and it is located near the bottom of the end guide posts (161).

3. The automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-section of the material support ring (163) is triangular.

4. The automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The material support ring (163) is a hollow elastic ring with an internal annular cavity filled with iron powder. An adjusting magnet (170) is provided in the space enclosed by the material support ring (163); the adjusting magnet (170) is a horizontally placed long strip electromagnet, which is controlled by the control unit to turn on and off, and is set near the middle of the space enclosed by the material support ring (163), and is fixed on the connecting frame (150) by the magnet carrier (171). The distance between the adjusting magnet (170) and the material support ring (163) is greater than 1.3 times the width of the top surface of the material support ring (163). When the material plate (001) needs to be removed from the material adjustment assembly (100), the adjusting magnet (170) only needs to be energized once when the material plate (001) is close to the adjusting magnet (170) to deform the material support ring (163) and make room for the material plate (001) to fall.

5. The automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes adjustment components (300) and a machine vision system; The adjustment assembly (300) includes a first adjustment assembly and a second adjustment assembly. The two have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. They are both located on the top of the receiving conveyor belt (200) and cooperate with each other to clamp the material plate (001). The first adjustment assembly includes a positioning frame (310) fixed on the ground or on a carrier that supports the conveyor belt (200), a horizontal bar (320) of telescopic bar structure, a positioning carrier (330), a rotating column (340), and an adjustment ring (350); one end of the horizontal bar (320) is fixed to the positioning frame (310); the positioning carrier (330) is fixed to the other end of the horizontal bar (320); There are two rotating columns (340), which are vertically arranged and rotatably connected to the bottom of the positioning rod (330) around their own axis; The adjusting ring (350) is an elastic rubber ring with a thickness greater than 0.8 cm. It is fitted on the two rotating columns (340) and is always in a taut state. The bottom surface of the adjusting ring (350) is less than 0.2 cm away from the top surface of the receiving conveyor belt (200).

6. The automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The adjusting ring (350) is a hollow elastic ring with an annular cavity inside, and the annular cavity is filled with iron powder. The distance between the top surface of the positioning rod (330) and the adjusting ring (350) is greater than 0.7 cm; the bottom surface of the positioning rod (330) is provided with a strip magnet (360); The bar magnet (360) is a bar-shaped electromagnet that is controlled to switch on and off. The positioning rod (330) is located directly above the adjusting ring (350) and close to the middle of the positioning rod (330). When the bar magnet (360) is energized, it will attract the adjusting ring (350) to move upward closer to the middle position, thereby causing the material plate (001) clamped by the two adjusting rings (350) to move upward, thus avoiding wear on the bottom of the material plate (001).

7. The automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: One receiving conveyor belt (200) is used in conjunction with two material adjustment assemblies (100) and two material conveyor belts (002).

8. An automatic PCB circuit board feeding and conveying system, characterized in that: Includes a horizontally positioned belt conveyor (400) for conveying a material plate (001), an adjustment assembly (300), and a machine vision system; The adjustment assembly (300) includes a first adjustment assembly and a second adjustment assembly. The two have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. They are both located on the top of the belt conveyor (400) and cooperate with each other to clamp the material plate (001). The first adjustment assembly includes a positioning frame (310), a horizontal bar (320), a positioning support bar (330), a rotating column (340), and an adjustment ring (350); The positioning frame (310) is fixed on the ground or on the carrier of the belt conveyor (400); There is an angle greater than 15 degrees between the length direction of the horizontal bar (320) and the width direction of the belt conveyor (400); the positioning support bar (330) is fixed to the other end of the horizontal bar (320); The number of rotating columns (340) is two, which are arranged vertically and are rotatably connected to the bottom of the positioning rod (330) around their own axis and are located near both ends of the positioning rod (330). At least one of them is controlled to rotate. The adjusting ring (350) is an elastic rubber ring that is fitted onto the two rotating columns (340) and is always in a taut state.

9. The automatic PCB circuit board feeding and conveying system as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning rod (330) is a horizontally placed rigid plate with three rotating columns (340) on it; the adjusting ring (350) is supported by the three rotating columns (340) to form an obtuse triangle; the triangular adjusting ring (350) also serves as a guide.

10. The automatic PCB board feeding and conveying system as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning frame (310) is positioned on a turntable, which is positioned on the ground. By rotating the turntable, the angle between the first adjustment component and the second adjustment component and the belt conveyor (400) can be adjusted.

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