Sludge treatment device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water pollution control and treatment, particularly relates to a sludge treatment device, and aims to solve the problems that existing sludge treatment equipment is poor in dewatering-anti-blocking collaboration, poor in treatment parameter pertinence, low in heat energy recovery efficiency, poor in forming effect and insufficient in equipment integration degree. Two supporting plates are fixedly mounted at the top of the bottom plate, the conveying and feeding mechanism is arranged on the two supporting plates and comprises a conveying cylinder, and a plugging cover is arranged at an opening of the conveying cylinder. Through the collaborative design of three-stage variable-pitch screw extrusion dewatering, memory metal filter screen heating anti-blocking, sludge component real-time detection, dosing, stirring and conditioning, extrusion shaping and drying integration and precise waste heat recovery and preheating, the problems that existing equipment is low in dewatering efficiency, prone to blockage, high in energy consumption and poor in forming effect are solved; the efficient, energy-saving and stable treatment of the sludge is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water pollution control and treatment technology, and in particular to a sludge treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Sludge, a byproduct of wastewater treatment in water conservancy projects, contains large amounts of organic matter, heavy metals, and pathogens. Improper treatment can easily cause secondary pollution. Therefore, the harmless and volume-reduced treatment of sludge is a crucial aspect of environmental governance. Current sludge treatment typically involves multiple processes such as dewatering, chemical conditioning, drying, and shaping, resulting in a wide variety of treatment equipment. Based on integration, these can be divided into two main categories: decentralized equipment and integrated equipment. The mainstream technical solutions in the industry are as follows: 1. This system consists of independent dewatering machines, dosing tanks, dryers, and molding machines, all connected via pipelines. The dewatering machines typically employ plate and frame filter presses or screw extrusion systems. The dosing tanks mix chemicals with sludge through agitation. The dryers use hot air or electric heating, and the molding machines shape the sludge using molds. This system offers high equipment versatility and can be flexibly combined according to sludge volume. However, it requires a large floor space, has complex inter-equipment connections, is prone to leakage and pollution during sludge transfer, and consumes high energy when operating independently. It is suitable for large-scale wastewater treatment plants.

[0003] 2. Integrated sludge treatment equipment: This type of equipment integrates dewatering, chemical dosing, and drying functions within a single frame, achieving continuous sludge treatment through an internal conveying structure. A common structure features a spiral dewatering unit at the top, a chemical dosing and mixing chamber in the middle, and a drying chamber at the bottom, with the sludge undergoing each process sequentially from top to bottom. This solution has a small footprint and no intermediate transfer links, making it suitable for small to medium-sized applications. However, it suffers from low dewatering efficiency, easy clogging of filter components, uneven chemical mixing, and wasted drying heat. Furthermore, it lacks real-time sludge composition monitoring capabilities, making it impossible to adjust the chemical dosage and drying parameters based on sludge characteristics.

[0004] Although the aforementioned existing technologies are widely used in the field of sludge treatment, many core technical defects have been exposed in long-term actual operation: 1. Poor coordination between dehydration and anti-clogging: Traditional spiral dehydration relies solely on extrusion dehydration, which is inefficient and the filter components are easily clogged by sludge and impurities; backwashing or detachable solutions have problems such as high energy consumption and impact on continuity, and cannot achieve a balance between efficient dehydration and anti-clogging.

[0005] 2. Lack of targeted processing parameters: There is no real-time sludge composition detection function, and parameters such as dosage and drying temperature are fixed. They cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the sludge moisture content and composition differences, resulting in poor conditioning effect, high drying energy consumption, and insufficient stability of the formed sludge. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing sludge treatment equipment, such as poor coordination between dewatering and anti-clogging, lack of targeted treatment parameters, low heat recovery efficiency, poor molding effect, and insufficient equipment integration. The proposed sludge treatment device integrates sludge dewatering, detection, chemical dosing and conditioning, extrusion molding, drying, and waste heat recovery, improving dewatering efficiency and anti-clogging capabilities. It dynamically adapts treatment parameters to sludge characteristics, enhances heat utilization and sludge molding quality, and reduces energy consumption and maintenance costs.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A sludge treatment device includes a base plate, two support plates fixedly mounted on the top of the base plate, and further includes: The conveying and feeding mechanism is set on two support plates. The conveying and feeding mechanism includes a conveying cylinder. A sealing cover is provided at the opening of the conveying cylinder. A spiral feeding and filtering unit is provided on the sealing cover. The spiral feeding and filtering unit is located inside the conveying cylinder. An outlet pipe is connected to the sealing cover. A sludge detection unit is provided on the outlet pipe. The sludge conditioning unit, connected to the outlet pipe, is used for adding chemicals and mixing the sludge; The sludge drying unit is located below the sludge conditioning unit and is used to dry and shape the sludge.

[0008] Preferably, the top of the conveying cylinder is connected to a feed inlet, the bottom of the conveying cylinder is connected to a drain pipe, and the conveying cylinder is inclined.

[0009] Preferably, the sludge detection unit includes a branch pipe connected to the bottom side of the outlet pipe, a first solenoid valve is provided on the branch pipe, a detection box is connected to the bottom end of the branch pipe, a detector is provided on the detection box, a discharge pipe is connected to the bottom side of the detection box, and a second solenoid valve is provided on the discharge pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the spiral feeding filter unit includes a rotating shaft, which is a hollow structure and is rotatably installed between the sealing cover and the conveying cylinder. A variable pitch spiral blade is provided on the outer side of the rotating shaft. The variable pitch spiral blade is a three-stage variable pitch spiral structure. The spacing between the three stages of the spiral is 300cm, 220cm and 140cm from bottom to top. The three-stage variable pitch spiral structure is used to convey and dewater the sludge.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: using variable pitch spiral blade gradient extrusion to improve dewatering efficiency, using shape memory metal filter screen heating to prevent clogging and ensure continuity, and using waste heat preheating to reduce sludge viscosity.

[0012] Preferably, the variable pitch spiral blade has multiple filter holes, each of which is equipped with a shape memory metal filter screen for filtering sludge; a wire is provided inside the rotating shaft, and a resistance wire is embedded in the variable pitch spiral blade. The resistance wire is electrically connected to the wire inside the rotating shaft. A rotary electrical connector is also provided at the bottom of the conveying cylinder, and the wire inside the rotating shaft is electrically connected to the rotary electrical connector.

[0013] The resistance wire is heated by electricity; on the one hand, it can assist in heating and drying the sludge, and on the other hand, the heat is transferred to the memory metal filter screen, which makes the pore size of the memory metal filter screen larger, making it easier for the blockage to fall off and reducing the chance of clogging; after cooling, the pore size of the memory metal filter screen returns to its original size and restores the filtration function.

[0014] Preferably, the sludge conditioning mechanism includes a cylinder, the top side of which is connected to an outlet pipe, and the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to a sludge outlet pipe, on which a third solenoid valve is provided; a stirring motor is provided on the outside of the cylinder, and a stirrer is installed on the output shaft of the stirring motor, the stirrer being rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, a dosing pipe is connected to the outer side of the cylinder, a storage tank is connected to the top of the dosing pipe, and a fourth solenoid valve is provided on the dosing pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the sludge drying mechanism includes a sludge drying box, which is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate. The inner side of the sludge drying box is provided with multiple heating rods and a conveying unit, and each of the multiple heating rods is connected to a controller. The top of the sludge drying box is connected to a heat recovery pipe, and a recovery heating pipe is connected to the heat recovery pipe. The recovery heating pipe is wound around the outside of the conveying cylinder, and the outside of the conveying cylinder is wrapped with a protective shell. The recovery heating pipe is located inside the protective shell.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: the detector provides real-time feedback of sludge parameters, and the controller dynamically adjusts the dosage and drying temperature, so that the conditioning and drying effects are adapted to the characteristics of the sludge, avoiding waste of chemicals and over-drying.

[0018] Preferably, the conveying unit includes two conveying rollers, both of which are rotatably installed inside the sludge drying box. A conveying motor is installed on the outside of the sludge drying box, and the output shaft of the conveying motor is fixedly connected to one of the conveying rollers. The two conveying rollers are driven to the outside of the same conveyor belt, and multiple arc-shaped sludge storage bins are provided on the outside of the conveyor belt. An inclined plate is also fixedly installed inside the sludge drying box, and a sludge outlet is opened at one end of the sludge drying box. The inclined plate cooperates with the sludge outlet. The sludge outlet pipe extends into the sludge drying box and cooperates with the arc-shaped sludge storage bins. At least two infrared sensors are provided on the outside of the sludge drying box, and the two infrared sensors are arranged in a through-beam configuration.

[0019] Preferably, the sludge drying box is equipped with a pressing unit, which includes two electric cylinders. Both electric cylinders are installed on the top of the sludge drying box, and the same pressing plate is installed on the output shaft of the two electric cylinders. Pressure sensors are installed between the output shaft of the two electric cylinders and the pressing plate.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the sludge treatment device described in this invention are as follows: 1. Dewatering and anti-clogging synergistic design: Adopting a three-stage variable pitch spiral blade structure, the pitch gradually decreases from bottom to top, achieving gradient compression dewatering of sludge and improving dewatering efficiency; the filter holes are equipped with memory metal filter screens, which enlarge the filter screen pores through resistance wire heating, so that the blockages can be automatically removed. After cooling, the pore size returns to its original size, and anti-clogging cleaning can be completed without stopping the machine, balancing dewatering efficiency and anti-clogging effect.

[0021] 2. Real-time detection and dynamic conditioning collaborative design: A sludge detection unit is installed at the outlet pipe to detect the sludge composition and moisture content in real time. The data is fed back to the controller to dynamically adjust the dosage and drying temperature, ensuring that the conditioning and drying effects are adapted to the characteristics of the sludge and improving the treatment targeting.

[0022] 3. Integrated extrusion shaping and drying design: An arc-shaped sludge storage bin and a pressing unit are set in the drying box. The sludge is first extruded and shaped to reduce internal porosity, and then dried by heating rods to improve the molding quality and drying efficiency. The conveying unit drives the storage bin to circulate, realizing continuous processing of feeding, extrusion, drying and discharging.

[0023] 4. Precise waste heat recovery design: Waste heat and water vapor in the drying chamber are collected through the heat recovery pipe and preheated on the sludge through the recovery heating pipe wrapped around the outside of the conveyor cylinder, which reduces the viscosity of the sludge, improves the efficiency of subsequent extrusion and dewatering, and reduces drying energy consumption, thus realizing the recycling of heat energy.

[0024] This invention solves the problems of low dewatering efficiency, easy clogging, high energy consumption, and poor molding effect of existing equipment by combining a three-stage variable pitch screw extrusion dewatering, a shape memory metal filter screen for heating and anti-clogging, real-time detection of sludge composition, chemical dosing and stirring conditioning, integrated extrusion shaping and drying, and precise waste heat recovery and preheating. It achieves efficient, energy-saving and stable treatment of sludge. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sludge treatment device proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of a sludge treatment device proposed in this invention. Figure 3 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of the conveyor cylinder, feed inlet, drain pipe, sealing cover, and recovery heating pipe; Figure 4 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of the conveyor cylinder, feed inlet, drain pipe, sealing cover, recovery heating pipe, and sludge detection unit; Figure 5 This invention provides a structural schematic diagram of the sludge detection unit, the outlet pipe, and the spiral feeding filter unit. Figure 6 This is a side view of the sludge detection unit, outlet pipe, and spiral feeding filter unit proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This invention presents a structural schematic diagram of a rotating shaft, variable pitch spiral blades, filter holes, and a shape memory metal filter screen. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sludge conditioning mechanism proposed in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sludge conditioning mechanism proposed in this invention; Figure 10 This invention presents a schematic diagram of the sludge detection unit. Figure 11 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the sludge drying mechanism. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sludge drying mechanism proposed in this invention; Figure 13 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a sludge drying box, a heat recovery pipe, an infrared sensor, and a controller. Figure 14 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a sludge drying box, a heat recovery pipe, an infrared sensor, a controller, and a heating rod; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission unit proposed in this invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping unit proposed in this invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 11. Support plate; 2. Conveying and feeding mechanism; 21. Protective shell; 22. Conveying cylinder; 221. Feed inlet; 222. Drain pipe; 23. Sealing cover; 24. Recycling heating pipe; 25. Sludge detection unit; 251. Branch pipe; 252. First solenoid valve; 253. Detection box; 254. Detector; 255. Second solenoid valve; 256. Discharge pipe; 26. Outlet pipe; 27. Spiral feeding and filtering unit; 271. Rotating shaft; 272. Variable pitch spiral blade; 274. Servo motor; 275. Filter hole; 276. Memory metal filter screen; 279. Resistance wire; 28. Rotary electrical connector; 3 1. Sludge conditioning mechanism; 31. Cylinder; 32. Dosing pipe; 321. Fourth solenoid valve; 33. Storage tank; 34. Sludge outlet pipe; 35. Third solenoid valve; 36. Stirring motor; 361. Agitator; 4. Sludge drying mechanism; 41. Sludge drying box; 411. Sludge outlet; 42. Heat recovery pipe; 43. Infrared sensor; 44. Controller; 441. Heating rod; 45. Inclined plate; 46. Pressing unit; 461. Electric cylinder; 462. Pressure sensor; 463. Sludge pressing plate; 47. Conveying unit; 471. Conveyor belt; 472. Conveying roller; 473. Arc-shaped sludge storage bin; 474. Conveying motor. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions in this embodiment will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this embodiment, and not all embodiments.

[0028] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-16 A sludge treatment device includes a base plate 1, a conveying and feeding mechanism 2, a sludge conditioning mechanism 3, and a sludge drying mechanism 4. Two support plates 11 are fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 1, and the conveying and feeding mechanism 2 is set on the two support plates 11. The conveying and feeding mechanism 2 includes a conveying cylinder 22, a sealing cover 23, a spiral feeding and filtering unit 27, a sludge detection unit 25, and an outlet pipe 26. The conveying cylinder 22 is inclined, and a sealing cover 23 is provided at the opening of the conveying cylinder 22. The spiral feeding and filtering unit 27 is provided on the sealing cover 23 and located inside the conveying cylinder 22. The outlet pipe 26 is connected to the sealing cover 23, and the sludge detection unit 25 is provided on the outlet pipe 26. The top of the conveying cylinder 22 is connected to the inlet 221, and the bottom is connected to the drain pipe 222. Specifically, the conveyor cylinder 22 is made of stainless steel, which has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and high strength, and adopts an inclined arrangement design.

[0029] The spiral feeding and filtering unit 27 includes a rotating shaft 271 and a variable pitch spiral blade 272. The rotating shaft 271 is a hollow structure and is rotatably installed between the sealing cover 23 and the conveying cylinder 22. The variable pitch spiral blade 272 is located outside the rotating shaft 271 and has multiple filter holes 275. Each filter hole 275 is provided with a memory metal filter screen 276. A wire is provided inside the rotating shaft 271, and a resistance wire 279 is embedded in the variable pitch spiral blade 272. The resistance wire 279 is electrically connected to the wire. A rotary electrical connector 28 is provided at the bottom of the conveying cylinder 22, and the wire is electrically connected to the rotary electrical connector 28. Specifically, the variable-pitch spiral blade 272 is a three-stage variable-pitch spiral structure, with the spacing between the three stages decreasing sequentially from bottom to top, used for gradient conveying and extrusion dewatering of sludge.

[0030] The synergistic effect of sludge conveying and dewatering is achieved by varying the pitch gradient. The overall structure of the spiral blade is adapted to the inner wall of the conveying cylinder 22 to avoid sludge retention.

[0031] More specifically, the memory metal filter 276 is made of nickel-titanium alloy and has temperature-sensitive deformation characteristics. It is installed in the filter hole 275 to achieve the dual functions of sludge filtration and anti-clogging. The resistance wire 279 is made of nickel-chromium alloy, model Cr20Ni80, and is embedded in the variable pitch spiral blade 272. It drives the memory metal filter to deform by heating it with electricity. The rotary electrical connector 28 is model LPT-50, which is suitable for stable power supply when the rotating shaft is in rotation, ensuring the continuity of the resistance wire circuit.

[0032] The sludge conditioning mechanism 3 is connected to the outlet pipe 26 and is used for adding chemicals and stirring the sludge; the sludge drying mechanism 4 is located below the sludge conditioning mechanism 3 and is used for drying and shaping the sludge.

[0033] Reference Figure 10 In this embodiment, the sludge detection unit 25 includes a branch pipe 251, a first solenoid valve 252, a detection box 253, a detector 254, a second solenoid valve 255, and a discharge pipe 256. The branch pipe 251 is connected to the bottom side of the outlet pipe 26, the first solenoid valve 252 is disposed on the branch pipe 251, the detection box 253 is connected to the bottom end of the branch pipe 251, the detector 254 is disposed on the detection box 253, the discharge pipe 256 is connected to the bottom side of the detection box 253, and the second solenoid valve 255 is disposed on the discharge pipe 256.

[0034] Specifically, detector 254 uses a multi-parameter water quality sensor, model JC-TDS-01, which can accurately detect key parameters such as sludge moisture content and organic matter content.

[0035] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 9In this embodiment, the sludge conditioning mechanism 3 includes a cylinder 31, a dosing pipe 32, a storage tank 33, a sludge outlet pipe 34, a third solenoid valve 35, a stirring motor 36, and a stirrer 361. The top side of the cylinder 31 is connected to the outlet pipe 26, and the sludge outlet pipe 34 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cylinder 31. The third solenoid valve 35 is installed on the sludge outlet pipe 34. The stirring motor 36 is installed on the outside of the cylinder 31, and the stirrer 361 is installed on the output shaft of the stirring motor 36 and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 31. The dosing pipe 32 is connected to the outside of the cylinder 31, the storage tank 33 is connected to the top end of the dosing pipe 32, and a fourth solenoid valve 321 is installed on the dosing pipe 32.

[0036] Reference Figure 11 , Figure 12 In this embodiment, the sludge drying mechanism 4 includes a sludge drying box 41, heating rods 441, a controller 44, a conveying unit 47, a pressing unit 46, and an inclined plate 45. The sludge drying box 41 is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 1, and multiple heating rods 441 are arranged inside the sludge drying box 41. Each heating rod 441 is connected to the controller 44. The inclined plate 45 is inclinedly and fixedly installed inside the sludge drying box 41. A sludge outlet 411 is opened at one end of the sludge drying box 41, and the inclined plate 45 cooperates with the sludge outlet 411. The sludge outlet pipe 34 extends into the sludge drying box 41, and at least two infrared sensors 43 are arranged in opposite directions on the outside of the sludge drying box 41.

[0037] Reference Figure 12 In this embodiment, the conveying unit 47 includes two conveying rollers 472, a conveyor belt 471, and a conveying motor 474. The two conveying rollers 472 are rotatably installed inside the sludge drying box 41. The conveying motor 474 is installed on the outside of the sludge drying box 41 and its output shaft is fixedly connected to one of the conveying rollers 472. The conveyor belt 471 is drivenly connected to the outside of the two conveying rollers 472. Multiple arc-shaped sludge storage bins 473 are provided on the outside of the conveyor belt 471. The arc-shaped sludge storage bins 473 are correspondingly matched with the sludge outlet pipe 34.

[0038] Specifically, the sludge drying box 41 is made of stainless steel, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and provides a closed space for sludge extrusion shaping and drying; the heating rod 441 is a carbon fiber heating tube model CF-1000, which has the advantages of high heating efficiency, uniform heat dissipation and low energy consumption, and the temperature is controlled by the controller; the infrared sensor 43 is a through-beam photoelectric sensor model E3F-5DN1, which has a fast response and accurate positioning, and is used for position detection and positioning of the arc-shaped sludge storage bin.

[0039] Reference Figure 12 , Figure 16In this embodiment, the pressing unit 46 includes two electric cylinders 461, a pressing plate 463, and two pressure sensors 462. The two electric cylinders 461 are installed on the top of the sludge drying box 41, the pressing plate 463 is installed on the output shaft of the two electric cylinders 461, and the two pressure sensors 462 are respectively located between the output shaft of the two electric cylinders 461 and the pressing plate 463.

[0040] Specifically, the electric cylinder 461 is model SC32-300, which has the characteristics of sufficient thrust and smooth operation, and drives the sludge pressing plate 463 to achieve sludge extrusion and shaping; the pressure sensor 462 is model PT124G-111, which has high accuracy and fast response, and monitors the extrusion pressure in real time and feeds it back to the controller.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 In this embodiment, a heat recovery component is also included, which includes a heat recovery pipe 42, a recovery heating pipe 24, and a protective shell 21. The heat recovery pipe 42 is connected to the top of the sludge drying box 41, and the recovery heating pipe 24 is connected to the heat recovery pipe 42 and wrapped around the outside of the conveyor cylinder 22. The protective shell 21 is wrapped around the outside of the conveyor cylinder 22, and the recovery heating pipe 24 is located inside the protective shell 21.

[0042] The installation steps in this embodiment are as follows: 1. Place the base plate 1 horizontally and fix it in the preset installation position, and connect it to the ground with expansion bolts; weld the two support plates 11 vertically to the preset position on the top of the base plate 1, ensuring that the spacing is compatible with the length of the conveyor cylinder 22. After welding, grind the weld seam smooth and spray an anti-corrosion coating.

[0043] 2. Assembly of conveying and feeding mechanism: Fix the conveying cylinder 22 at an angle on the two support plates 11, ensuring that the angle of inclination is 35° and that both ends are firmly fixed; weld the feed inlet 221 to the top of the conveying cylinder 22 and the drain pipe 222 to the bottom side, ensuring that it is sealed and leak-free; wrap the protective shell 21 around the outside of the conveying cylinder 22, and reserve space for the installation of the recovery heating pipe 24. Rotary shaft 271 is rotatably mounted on sealing cover 23, variable pitch spiral blade 272 is welded to the outside of rotary shaft 271, memory metal filter screen 276 is installed in filter hole 275, and resistance wire 279 is embedded in variable pitch spiral blade 272 and connected to the wire in rotary shaft 271 through wire. The sealing cap 23 is sealed and fixed at the opening of the conveyor cylinder 22. One end of the rotating shaft 271 is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 274, and the other end is electrically connected to the rotary electrical connector 28. The outlet pipe 26 is welded onto the sealing cap 23. The branch pipe 251, the first solenoid valve 252, the detection box 253, the detector 254, the discharge pipe 256, and the second solenoid valve 255 of the sludge detection unit 25 are assembled in sequence to ensure that the detection box 253 is connected to the outlet pipe 26.

[0044] 3. Assembly of sludge conditioning mechanism: Fix the cylinder 31 below the outlet pipe 26 to ensure that the top side of the cylinder 31 is sealed and connected to the outlet pipe 26; A sludge outlet pipe 34 is welded to the bottom end of the cylinder 31, and a third solenoid valve 35 is installed; an agitator motor 36 is installed on the outside of the cylinder 31, and the agitator 361 passes through the side wall of the cylinder 31 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall, and is fixed to the output shaft of the agitator motor 36. Weld the dosing pipe 32 to the outside of the cylinder 31, connect the top end to the storage tank 33, and install the fourth solenoid valve 321 on the dosing pipe 32.

[0045] 4. Sludge drying mechanism and heat recovery assembly: The sludge drying box 41 is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 1, located below the cylinder 31; the sludge outlet pipe 34 extends into the sludge drying box 41, corresponding to the position of the arc-shaped sludge storage chamber 473. Install the conveying unit 47: Rotate and install two conveying rollers 472 inside the sludge drying box 41, with the conveyor belt 471 sleeved on the outside of the conveying rollers 472, and the arc-shaped sludge storage bin 473 evenly fixed on the conveyor belt 471. The conveying motor 474 is fixed on the outside of the sludge drying box 41 and connected to the conveying rollers 472. Install the clamping unit 46: two electric cylinders 461 are fixed on the top of the sludge drying box 41, the sludge pressing plate 463 is installed on the output shaft of the electric cylinders 461, and the pressure sensor 462 is installed between the two; an infrared sensor 43 is installed on the outside of the sludge drying box 41, and an inclined plate 45 is welded on the inside to ensure that the inclined plate 45 is aligned with the sludge outlet 411. Install heating rods 441 and controller 44. Heating rods 441 are evenly distributed inside the sludge drying box 41 and are electrically connected to controller 44. Assemble heat recovery components: one end of heat recovery pipe 42 is connected to the top of sludge drying box 41, and the other end is connected to recovery heating pipe 24. Recovery heating pipe 24 is wrapped around the outside of conveyor cylinder 22 and located inside protective shell 21.

[0046] 5. Circuit connection and debugging: Connect the controller 44 to the detector 254, each solenoid valve, the stirring motor 36, the conveyor motor 474, the electric cylinder 461, the pressure sensor 462, the infrared sensor 43, the heating rod 441, and the rotary electrical connector 28 to achieve signal linkage. Power-on commissioning: Add chemicals to the storage tank 33, introduce sludge test treatment process, and check the coordination of operation of each component, sealing performance, detection accuracy, heating effect and waste heat recovery efficiency.

[0047] Working principle: After the equipment is powered on, the controller 44 automatically starts the initialization program and performs self-checks on each component, including the solenoid valve switch status, motor operation, sensor accuracy, heating rod 441 heating, and the conductivity of rotary electrical connector 28. After confirming that there are no faults, it enters the standby state. The controller 44 presets initial parameters, including the dosage range, stirring speed, extrusion pressure, drying temperature, spiral blade speed, filter heating temperature and time, and initializes the detection reference value of the detector 254 at the same time.

[0048] Sludge is fed into conveyor cylinder 22 through feed inlet 221. Servo motor 274 drives rotating shaft 271 to rotate. Variable pitch spiral blade 272 rotates with rotating shaft 271, conveying sludge from bottom to top of conveyor cylinder 22. As the pitch of the variable pitch spiral blade 272 gradually decreases from top to bottom, the squeezing pressure on the sludge gradually increases during the conveying process, achieving gradient squeezing dewatering. The separated wastewater is filtered through the filter hole 275 and the memory metal filter screen 276 under the action of gravity and discharged through the drain pipe 222. Anti-clogging and cleaning: The controller 44 periodically starts the heating program of the resistance wire 279 according to the sludge treatment volume and running time, or triggers when abnormal pressure difference of the filter screen is detected. The rotating electrical connector 28 supplies power to the resistance wire 279, and the heat is transferred to the shape memory metal filter screen 276, causing its pore size to expand to 1.2mm. The impurities clogging the filter screen are dislodged under the pressure of sludge and gravity and discharged with the sewage. After the heating is completed, the power supply is stopped, the filter screen cools to room temperature, the pore size returns to 0.5mm, and the filtration function is restored. The whole process does not require machine shutdown and does not affect the continuity of treatment.

[0049] The dewatered sludge is conveyed through the outlet pipe 26, and the controller 44 controls the first solenoid valve 252 to open, and part of the sludge enters the detection box 253 through the branch pipe 251. The detector 254 detects parameters such as the moisture content and organic matter content of the sludge and feeds the data back to the controller 44 in real time. After the detection is completed, the second solenoid valve 255 opens and the detected sludge flows back to the outlet pipe 26 through the discharge pipe 256, where it merges with the sludge in the main pipeline, thus avoiding sludge waste.

[0050] The controller 44 adjusts the opening of the fourth solenoid valve 321 according to the sludge parameters fed back by the detector 254, and controls the dosage of the agent in the storage tank 33 to be introduced into the cylinder 31 through the dosing pipe 32, so as to ensure the precise ratio of agent to sludge. The stirring motor 36 drives the agitator 361 to rotate, which fully mixes and stirs the sludge and the agent, breaks down the sludge floc structure, improves the plasticity of the sludge, and prepares it for subsequent extrusion and shaping.

[0051] The controller 44 opens the third solenoid valve 35, and the mixed and conditioned sludge is introduced into the arc-shaped sludge storage chamber 473 through the sludge outlet pipe 34. The pressure sensor on the bottom side of the arc-shaped sludge storage chamber 473 detects the weight of the sludge. When the preset value corresponding to the volume of 5L is reached, the third solenoid valve 35 closes, the conveyor motor 474 starts, and drives the conveyor belt 471 to move, conveying the storage chamber containing sludge between the two infrared sensors 43. After the infrared sensors 43 detect the storage chamber, the conveyor motor 474 stops, achieving precise positioning. Extrusion shaping: The electric cylinder 461 is activated, pushing the pressing plate 463 downward to extrude the sludge in the storage bin. The pressure sensor 462 monitors the extrusion pressure in real time. When the pressure reaches the preset value, the electric cylinder 461 reverses and resets, the pressing plate 463 rises, and the sludge is extruded into a compact block structure, reducing internal porosity. Drying process: The conveyor motor 474 starts again, conveying the squeezed sludge to the drying area. The heating rod 441 heats up under the control of the controller 44, keeping the temperature inside the sludge drying box 41 at 80-120℃ and dynamically adjusting it according to the sludge moisture content. The blocky sludge is dried and shaped to remove residual moisture. Discharge: The dried sludge is moved by the conveyor belt 471 to the inclined plate 45. The arc-shaped sludge storage bin 473 is tilted with the conveyor belt 471, and the shaped sludge is poured onto the inclined plate 45. The sludge slides along the inclined plate 45 and is discharged and collected from the sludge outlet 411, completing the molding process. At the same time, the subsequent arc-shaped sludge storage bins 473 sequentially receive sludge, squeeze, dry and discharge, realizing continuous processing.

[0052] The residual heat and water vapor generated during drying in the sludge drying box 41 are introduced into the recovery heating pipe 24 through the heat recovery pipe 42. The heating tube 24 is wrapped around the outside of the conveyor cylinder 22 to protect the outer shell 21 and reduce heat loss. The heat is transferred to the sludge inside through the wall of the conveyor cylinder 22 to preheat the sludge, reduce the viscosity of the sludge, and improve the efficiency of subsequent extrusion and dewatering. The low-temperature gas after heat exchange is discharged from the end of the recovery heating pipe 24 and can be further connected to the exhaust gas treatment device to avoid secondary pollution.

[0053] Example 2: Example 2 is the same as Example 1 in the rest, except that: if the filter screen is still severely clogged after heating, the controller 44 will issue an alarm signal and automatically reduce the speed of the spiral blade to extend the heating time; if the clogging is not relieved, the sealing cover 23 can be removed after the machine is stopped, and the rotating shaft 271 and the spiral blade can be taken out for manual cleaning of the filter screen; Sensor failure: If detector 254, pressure sensor 462 or infrared sensor 43 fails, controller 44 will issue an alarm and switch to manual mode. The operator can manually set the parameters and replace the faulty sensor. Solenoid valve jamming: If a solenoid valve cannot be opened or closed normally, the controller 44 cuts off the power supply to the corresponding unit and issues an alarm. The staff disassembles the solenoid valve to clean the impurities, or directly replaces the spare solenoid valve. Heating rod malfunction: If a heating rod 441 fails to heat up, the controller 44 will automatically adjust the power of other heating rods to compensate for the drying temperature, and mark the faulty heating rod for replacement after shutdown; Sludge retention and accumulation: If sludge retention is detected in outlet pipe 26, sludge outlet pipe 34 or drying box, controller 44 will start reverse stirring, increase the speed of the spiral blade or extend the opening time of the solenoid valve to clear the blockage; if clearing is ineffective, the machine will be stopped for manual cleaning.

[0054] All structural shapes, sizes, and materials included in Embodiment 1 in this application can be selected and adjusted to meet specific usage needs. The accompanying drawings are schematic structural diagrams, and the actual dimensions can be appropriately adjusted.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this practice, but the scope of protection of this embodiment is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this embodiment, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this embodiment, should be covered within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A sludge treatment device, comprising a base plate (1), wherein two support plates (11) are fixedly installed on the top of the base plate (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The conveying and feeding mechanism (2) is set on two support plates (11). The conveying and feeding mechanism (2) includes a conveying cylinder (22). A sealing cover (23) is provided at the opening of the conveying cylinder (22). A spiral feeding filter unit (27) is provided on the sealing cover (23). The spiral feeding filter unit (27) is located inside the conveying cylinder (22). An outlet pipe (26) is connected to the sealing cover (23). A sludge detection unit (25) is provided on the outlet pipe (26). The sludge conditioning unit (3) is connected to the outlet pipe (26) and is used to add chemicals and stir the sludge; The sludge drying unit (4) is located below the sludge conditioning unit (3) and is used to dry and shape the sludge.

2. The sludge treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge detection unit (25) includes a branch pipe (251), which is connected to the bottom side of the outlet pipe (26). A first solenoid valve (252) is provided on the branch pipe (251). A detection box (253) is connected to the bottom end of the branch pipe (251). A detector (254) is provided on the detection box (253). A discharge pipe (256) is connected to the bottom side of the detection box (253). A second solenoid valve (255) is provided on the discharge pipe (256).

3. The sludge treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral feeding filter unit (27) includes a rotating shaft (271), which is a hollow structure and is rotatably installed between the sealing cover (23) and the conveying cylinder (22). A variable pitch spiral blade (272) is provided on the outside of the rotating shaft (271). The variable pitch spiral blade (272) is a three-stage variable pitch spiral structure. The spacing between the three stages of the spiral is 300cm, 180cm and 120cm from bottom to top. The three-stage variable pitch spiral structure is used to convey and dewater the sludge.

4. The sludge treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The variable pitch spiral blade (272) has multiple filter holes (275), and each filter hole (275) is equipped with a memory metal filter screen (276) for filtering sludge. A wire is installed inside the rotating shaft (271), and a resistance wire (279) is embedded in the variable pitch spiral blade (272). The resistance wire (279) is electrically connected to the wire inside the rotating shaft (271). A rotary electrical connector (28) is also provided at the bottom of the conveying cylinder (22), and the wire inside the rotating shaft (271) is electrically connected to the rotary electrical connector (28).

5. The sludge treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge conditioning mechanism (3) includes a cylinder (31), the top side of which is connected to the outlet pipe (26), and the bottom end of the cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to a sludge outlet pipe (34), on which a third solenoid valve (35) is provided; a stirring motor (36) is provided on the outside of the cylinder (31), and a stirrer (361) is installed on the output shaft of the stirring motor (36), and the stirrer (361) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (31).

6. The sludge treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer side of the cylinder (31) is connected to a dosing pipe (32), the top end of the dosing pipe (32) is connected to a storage tank (33), and a fourth solenoid valve (321) is provided on the dosing pipe (32).

7. The sludge treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge drying mechanism (4) includes a sludge drying box (41), which is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate (1). The inner side of the sludge drying box (41) is provided with multiple heating rods (441) and a conveying unit (47). Each of the multiple heating rods (441) is connected to a controller (44). The top of the sludge drying box (41) is connected to a heat recovery pipe (42), and a recovery heating pipe (24) is connected to the heat recovery pipe (42). The recovery heating pipe (24) is wrapped around the outside of the conveying cylinder (22), and the outside of the conveying cylinder (22) is covered with a protective shell (21). The recovery heating pipe (24) is located inside the protective shell (21).

8. A sludge treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The conveying unit (47) includes two conveying rollers (472), both of which are rotatably installed inside the sludge drying box (41). A conveying motor (474) is installed on the outside of the sludge drying box (41), and the output shaft of the conveying motor (474) is fixedly connected to one of the conveying rollers (472). The two conveying rollers (472) are connected to the same conveyor belt (471) on the outside of the conveyor belt (471), and multiple arc-shaped sludge storage bins (473) are provided on the outside of the conveyor belt (471). An inclined plate (45) is also fixedly installed inside the sludge drying box (41), and a sludge outlet (411) is opened at one end of the sludge drying box (41). The inclined plate (45) cooperates with the sludge outlet (411). The sludge outlet pipe (34) extends into the sludge drying box (41) and cooperates with the arc-shaped sludge storage bins (473).

9. A sludge treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least two infrared sensors (43) are installed on the outside of the sludge drying box (41), and the two infrared sensors (43) are arranged in a through-beam configuration.

10. A sludge treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sludge drying box (41) is equipped with a pressing unit (46), which includes two electric cylinders (461). Both electric cylinders (461) are installed on the top of the sludge drying box (41). The same pressing plate (463) is installed on the output shaft of the two electric cylinders (461). A pressure sensor (462) is provided between the output shaft of the two electric cylinders (461) and the pressing plate (463).

Images