Construction method of foldable vertical shaft water-resisting layer

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of a foldable vertical shaft water-resisting layer. The problems that in the prior art, the construction period of a shaft occupied by water-resisting layer construction is long, the high-altitude operation risk is high, and grouting is difficult are mainly solved. The method comprises the following steps: prefabricating a cylindrical rubber membrane water spacing ring on the ground; after a water-resisting layer section shaft is excavated by 1-2 m, the water-resisting layer section shaft is lowered and radially unfolded to form a circular ring, and the circular ring is folded and fixed to the lower portion of the upper section shaft wall; continuously excavating to a complete section height and then loosening and fixing, so that the water spacing ring is vertically unfolded to be attached to the well side; a blade foot formwork and a grouting pipe are installed, reinforcing steel bar binding and sand filling treatment are conducted on a gap between the blade foot formwork and the well side, and the bottom of the water spacing ring is rolled up and embedded; and after the section of well wall concrete is poured, grouting is conducted on the gap between the water spacing ring and the stratum through the pre-buried grouting pipe. According to the method, by means of folding design and segmented construction of the water-resisting ring, the water-resisting layer mounting process and the digging and building process are conducted in parallel, and the construction period is greatly shortened; grouting is independently carried out after concrete pouring, and the filling quality is guaranteed; the construction process is safe, efficient and low in labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waterproofing technology for mine shafts, specifically to a method for constructing a foldable waterproofing layer for shafts. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of mine vertical shafts, waterproofing technology is a crucial aspect of ensuring shaft safety and service life. Traditional vertical shafts typically rely on grouting to prevent groundwater from entering the shaft, while improving the waterproofing of the concrete wall itself and the joints. However, this method often fails to completely waterproof the shaft and meet specifications. Existing methods for constructing waterproofing layers often require significant time for shaft construction, necessitating high-altitude work on a platform. Workers laying or grouting the waterproofing layer at height are prone to falls. Furthermore, grouting between the waterproofing layer and the surrounding rock is difficult, requiring specialized hoisting equipment, further complicating construction. In addition, the grouting and concrete pouring processes interfere with each other, making it difficult to maintain the regular shape of the waterproofing layer and meet usage requirements, thus hindering the formation of a regular, longitudinally complete waterproof barrier. These problems are particularly pronounced when time constraints are tight, the skill level of the construction team is high, the shaft is deep, and the geological conditions are complex. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new method for constructing a vertical shaft waterproofing layer that is efficient, safe, and has reliable waterproofing performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a foldable vertical shaft aquitard construction method, which solves the technical issues of long construction period, high-altitude operation risks, and difficulty in grouting between the aquitard and surrounding rock in existing vertical shaft aquitard construction processes. The method includes the following specific steps:

[0004] S1. Prefabrication of water-proof ring: Based on the well wall design parameters, a cylindrical rubber mold water-proof ring is prefabricated on the ground.

[0005] S2. Initial excavation of the water-tight layer section: After the concrete pouring of the previous section of the well wall is completed, the well wall is excavated downwards, so that the working face is 1-2m away from the lower edge of the previous section of the well wall at a predetermined depth, providing space for the installation of the water-tight ring;

[0006] S3. Waterproof ring hoisting and radial unfolding: Use a bucket to lower the waterproof ring from the ground to the working face in the well, and unfold it radially into a ring with a diameter similar to that of the well wall, ensuring that the waterproof ring surrounds the well excavation area;

[0007] S4. Longitudinal folding and fixing of the water-proof ring: Fold the unfolded water-proof ring longitudinally to compress it to the predetermined height, and fix it to the cutting edge template below the upper section of the well wall at intervals using hooks and ropes, so that the water-proof ring is temporarily suspended.

[0008] S5. Additional fixing and interface installation of the water-tight ring: For the water-tight ring of the first construction section, anchor bolts are used to fix it to the stratum on its upper part; for the water-tight ring of the subsequent construction section, its upper part is overlapped and sealed to the bottom of the previous water-tight ring fixed to the outside of the poured well wall; at the same time, multiple clamp joints are installed at equal intervals on the upper part of the water-tight ring for connecting the grouting pipe.

[0009] S6. Complete Excavation of Section Height: Continue excavating the shaft downwards to a depth equal to the height of a complete construction section;

[0010] S7. Vertical unfolding of the water-proof ring: Loosen the hooks that fix the water-proof ring, allowing the water-proof ring to hang down naturally and unfold in the vertical direction, basically fitting against the well wall, and suspended in a basically vertical cylindrical shape between the well wall and the template to be erected later.

[0011] S8. Installation of cutting edge template and grouting pipe: Lower the cutting edge template to the working face and install the grouting pipe at the joint of the clamp plate for later grouting;

[0012] S9. Reinforcing bar binding and gap treatment: Bind the vertical reinforcing bars on the outside of the well wall. Leave a gap between the cutting edge template and the well wall to allow for the binding of the vertical reinforcing bars. After binding, fill the gap with filling material and roll up the excess part of the bottom of the water-proof ring and bury it in the filling material for overlapping with the next section of the water-proof ring.

[0013] S10. Well wall concrete pouring: Install the formwork and pour a section of well wall concrete; during the concrete pouring process, the lateral pressure of the concrete forces the water-proof ring to expand outward, so that it initially fits and is initially fixed with the uneven well wall formed by excavation.

[0014] S11. Grouting of the waterproof layer: Grouting is carried out through the grouting pipe into the gap between the waterproof ring and the stratum to fill the void;

[0015] S12, Cyclic construction: After the concrete pouring of the previous section of the well wall is completed and the excavation conditions are met, repeat steps S2 to S11 to carry out the next section of high construction. The overlapping and fixing method of the water-proof ring (1) of the subsequent construction section described in step S5 is applicable to this cycle. The water-proof rings (1) of each section are connected by longitudinal overlapping to form a continuous longitudinal water-proof layer.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of this application, in step S1, the water-proof ring is made of EPDM rubber membrane with a thickness of 0.7mm~1.5mm. The diameter of the water-proof ring is 20mm~40mm larger than the outer diameter of the well wall. The circumference is the outer diameter of the well wall plus an overlap allowance of 150mm~250mm. The height is the height of the construction section plus the longitudinal overlap length, wherein the height of the construction section is 3000mm~5000mm, the height of the water-proof ring exceeds the height of the construction section by 200mm~500mm, and the longitudinal overlap length is 100mm~200mm.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of this application, in step S2, the predetermined depth is 1m to 2.0m to facilitate the installation of the water-proof ring by a person standing on the working surface; in step S4, the folding and compression height is 0.3m to 1.0m, the hooks are evenly arranged at intervals, and are connected to the blade foot template by hanging ropes.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of this application, in step S5, the number of clamping plate joints is 4, evenly distributed around the perimeter of the water-proof ring, and the center distance of the opening of the clamping plate joint is 250mm~300mm from the upper edge of the water-proof ring, used to connect the grouting pipe; the anchor rod is a steel bar anchor rod, which is installed at intervals on the upper part of the water-proof ring and fixed to the stratum.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of this application, in step S5, the clamp joint is a tubular structure with internal threads at its ends for connecting to the grouting pipe; the middle of the clamp joint is fitted with sealing gaskets located on both sides of the water-proof ring to ensure the sealing between the clamp joint and the water-proof ring.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of this application, in step S9, when the vertical reinforcing bars are tied, the gap width reserved between the cutting edge template and the well wall is 150mm~200mm, the filling material is sand, and the length of the excess part at the bottom of the water-proof ring rolled up and buried in the sand is 200mm~500mm, which is used to overlap with the next section of the water-proof ring.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of this application, in step S9, the vertical reinforcing bars are inserted into the mounting groove on the cutting edge template and fixed by binding. After the gap between the cutting edge template and the well wall is filled with sand, the bottom rolled-up part of the water-proof ring is buried in the sand to form an overlapping foundation.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of this application, in the cyclic construction of step S12, the overlap of adjacent water-proof rings is achieved in the following way: before hoisting the next water-proof ring, the excess part at the bottom of the previous water-proof ring is lowered, unfolded, and cleaned, so that the inner surface of the bottom of the previous water-proof ring is connected to the outer surface of the top of the current water-proof ring by means of strong double-sided adhesive or hot-melt welding, with an overlap length of 100mm~200mm, and a clamp joint is installed on the upper part of the current water-proof ring for grouting.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of this application, after the water-proof ring is lowered to the working surface by a bucket, it is manually expanded radially into a ring shape, and the folding height is controlled.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, this application has significant advantages:

[0025] 1. Minimal impact on wellbore construction time: Through the folded design and segmented construction of the water-tight ring, the installation of the water-tight layer can proceed concurrently with the wellbore excavation and well wall pouring processes, almost completely saving the time required for separate installation of the water-tight ring after the entire section of excavation is completed, as is common in existing technologies. For example, after wellbore excavation, workers can quickly deploy the water-tight ring radially at the working face, eliminating the need to erect a construction platform after the entire section of excavation is completed before welding or bonding the water-tight ring. The water-tight ring installation can also be carried out in parallel with subsequent excavation, resulting in a compact overall construction cycle and significantly improved efficiency.

[0026] 2. No need for high-altitude operations: After the water-tight ring is prefabricated on the ground, it is lowered to the working face by a bucket and unfolded. All operations are completed on the underground working face. Workers do not need to perform high-altitude operations on specially erected platforms or ladders, which reduces safety risks.

[0027] 3. The well wall concrete pouring and the water-proof layer grouting process do not overlap: This method arranges the grouting step after the concrete pouring and carries it out independently through the pre-embedded grouting pipe, avoiding the quality problems caused by the mutual interference between pouring and grouting in the traditional process, and ensuring that the gap between the water-proof layer and the stratum is filled tightly.

[0028] 4. Lightweight rubber membrane for easy and quick deployment: The EPDM rubber membrane waterproof ring is made of lightweight material and can be quickly and radially deployed into a ring shape by workers on the working surface without the need for special hanging devices, reducing equipment investment and operational complexity.

[0029] 5. Low labor intensity and high safety during construction: The standardized design of the folding fixing and grouting interface reduces the difficulty of manual adjustment; at the same time, the water-proof ring is fixed to the stratum by anchor bolts, which enhances stability. The overall construction process is simple, with low labor intensity and low accident rate.

[0030] 6. The aquitard and the formation are tightly interlocked, eliminating the risk and possibility of wellbore slippage. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the excavation and support status of the shaft before the first high-altitude construction.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the folding and hoisting of the watertight ring in the well.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper fixing of the water-tight ring and the installation of the grouting pipe;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the height of the complete section of the well shaft after excavation;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water-tight ring in its vertically deployed state;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cutting edge template and grouting pipe;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of rebar tying and gap treatment;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the well wall concrete pouring construction;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting process for the waterproof layer;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second section's initial excavation state;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the hoisting of the second high water-resistant ring;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the overlapping process of adjacent waterproof rings;

[0043] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second section of the high-quality excavation;

[0044] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical unfolding of the second waterproof ring;

[0045] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the second high formwork section;

[0046] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the second section of high-strength steel bar binding;

[0047] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the second section of the well wall concrete pouring;

[0048] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting of the second waterproof layer.

[0049] As shown in the figure: 1. Waterproof ring, 2. Well side, 3. Cutting foot formwork, 4. Clamp joint, 5. Grouting pipe, 6. Vertical reinforcement, 7. Filling material, 8. Formwork. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention, not requiring the invention to be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of the corresponding components.

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and multiple embodiments.

[0054] Reference Appendix Figure 1 This application provides a method for constructing a foldable vertical shaft waterproofing layer, comprising the following steps:

[0055] The following describes a method for constructing a foldable vertical shaft waterproofing layer, detailing the implementation process through specific embodiments. This embodiment, based on actual conditions, covers a vertical depth of 300m to 400m, aiming to form a longitudinally continuous waterproofing layer through the coordinated operation of components. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0056] S1. Pre-fabricated waterproof ring:

[0057] The water-proof ring 1 is the basic unit of the water-proof layer, and its prefabrication requires precise matching with the well wall parameters. In a specific embodiment of this application, the well wall structure has an outer layer thickness of 400mm, an inner layer thickness of 600mm, an inner diameter of 8200mm, and an outer diameter of 10200mm. The water-proof ring 1 is made of EPDM rubber membrane material with a thickness of 1.1mm, selected based on a comprehensive consideration of strength, stiffness, and puncture resistance. The diameter of the water-proof ring 1 is designed to be 10230mm (30mm larger than the outer diameter of the well wall), with a circumference of 32139mm; the height is 4200mm, including a longitudinal overlap allowance of 150mm~200mm to accommodate construction sections with a height of 4000mm. During the fabrication of the water-proof plate, the overlap in the length direction is 200mm, therefore the actual length is 32339mm. The prefabrication process includes: first, cutting the EPDM rubber membrane to the required size, then rolling it into a cylindrical shape and hot-melting it to ensure a uniform and sealed weld; the prefabricated waterproof ring 1 can be folded and rolled up for storage, and then hoisted by a bucket for use during construction. The key to this step lies in dimensional accuracy and material quality control. The waterproofing plate forming the waterproof ring 1 is an EPDM rubber membrane, specifically a flexible polymer waterproofing material made of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber. Its main chain is composed of saturated hydrocarbons, which has excellent ozone resistance, heat aging resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, and low-temperature flexibility. It is suitable for the waterproofing layer of vertical wells that are constantly exposed to groundwater, without light, and under micro-stress environments. This material can be made into continuous width sheets using compression molding vulcanization or extrusion composite processes, and then cut and hot-welded to form a cylindrical structure.

[0058] S2, Initial excavation of the wellbore in the water-resistant section:

[0059] After the concrete pouring of the previous section of the well wall is completed and reaches the required strength, excavation begins downwards. The working face is positioned 1-2 meters below the lower edge of the previous section of the well wall to allow for the installation of the water-tight ring 1 while standing on the working face. Excavation is carried out using an excavator. After excavation is completed, the overhead power lines on the excavator are temporarily removed to avoid interfering with hoisting operations. At this point, the working face is approximately 1.5-2.0 meters below the lower edge of the previous section of the well wall, and the condition is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, this illustrates the basic situation of excavation and support. The shaft is under temporary support, and the exposed shaft side 2 requires stability inspection.

[0060] S3. Installation and radial deployment of the water-proof ring:

[0061] The prefabricated water-tight ring 1 is lowered to the working face using a bucket used during well construction. During the lowering process, care must be taken to prevent hard objects from cutting or damaging the water-tight ring 1. Upon reaching the working face, workers will radially unfold the water-tight ring 1 to form a ring shape similar to the outer diameter of the well wall, encircling the excavation area. Manual adjustment is required during unfolding to ensure that its inner diameter matches the rough diameter of the well shaft, with deviations controlled within a reasonable range.

[0062] Among them, "a ring with an outer diameter similar to the well wall" means that the inner diameter deviation of the water-proof ring 1 is controlled within ±100mm after it is unfolded, so as to ensure that it can completely enclose the rough diameter of the well excavation and leave a moderate elastic compression margin; "surrounding the well excavation area" means that the axis of the water-proof ring 1 is basically coincident with the center line of the well, and the bottom edge is located above the working surface to avoid being buried by the excavated soil.

[0063] S4. The waterproof ring is folded and fixed longitudinally:

[0064] After unfolding, the water-tight ring 1 is folded and compressed longitudinally, with the folded height controlled between 0.3m and 1.0m to save space. Apply force evenly during folding to avoid damaging the rubber membrane. After folding, use hooks and ropes to fix the water-tight ring 1 to the cutting edge template 3 below the upper section of the well wall at intervals (usually 1-2 hooks per meter), temporarily suspending the water-tight ring 1 as shown. Figure 2 As shown. After fixing, the hooks must be checked for security to prevent them from falling off during construction; at the same time, the excavator's power cord should be reconnected to ensure equipment operation.

[0065] The core of this step is to ensure that the radially unfolded diameter of the water-tight ring 1 is approximately close to the outer diameter of the well wall, thus creating conditions for its fixation within a certain diameter. It is essential to ensure that the water-tight ring 1 is at a certain height above the working surface when suspended. "Hooks and ropes fixed at intervals" refers to the evenly distributed circumferential hook assembly on the top of the water-tight ring 1, with each assembly connected to a pre-set hanging point on the cutting edge template 3 via a flexible rope or steel hook, forming a multi-point balanced force system. The cutting edge template 3 is a ring-shaped steel template supported on the lower edge of the upper section of the well wall, serving both as support and temporary suspension.

[0066] S5. Additional fixing and interface installation of the water-proof ring:

[0067] To ensure the upper part of the first water-tight ring 1 is anchored for hanging, steel anchor rods are used to fix the upper part of the water-tight ring 1 to the stratum. The anchor rods are installed at intervals (e.g., one every 2m), and the drilling depth must penetrate the loose layer. For subsequent sections of the water-tight ring 1, the upper part is overlapped and sealed to the bottom of the previous section of water-tight ring 1, which is already fixed to the outside of the poured well wall. Simultaneously, four clamp joints 4 are installed at equal intervals on the upper part of the water-tight ring 1 for connecting the grouting pipe 5. The center of the opening of the clamp joint 4 is 250mm~300mm from the upper edge of the water-tight ring 1. Its structure is tubular with internal threads at the ends for easy connection; a sealing gasket is fitted in the middle to ensure a seal with the water-tight ring 1. Precise positioning is required during installation to ensure uniform grouting. The clamp joints 4 should be arranged to avoid the vertical reinforcing bars 6 to prevent interference. The installation layout is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0068] Among them, "anchor bolt fixed to the stratum" refers to driving the metal anchor bolt obliquely or vertically into the surrounding rock of the well wall 2, and its exposed end is reliably anchored to the upper edge of the water-proof ring 1 through the connector; the clamp joint 4 is a rigid connecting component, spanning across the thickness direction of the water-proof ring 1, with the rubber membrane clamped at both ends by bolts or clips, and a through hole in the middle for connecting the grouting pipe 5; "equal spacing installation" refers to evenly distributing the grouting pressure along the circumference of the water-proof ring 1 to ensure uniform distribution of grouting pressure and no blind spots in the gap filling.

[0069] S6, complete excavation of section height:

[0070] After the watertight ring 1 is fixed, continue excavating downwards to the height of a complete construction section (4000mm). An excavator is used for excavation, positioned inside the watertight ring 1 to avoid damaging the rubber membrane. During excavation, the deformation of the well wall 2 is monitored in real time to ensure safety; the excavation depth should reach the height of a complete section to match the height of the watertight ring 1. After excavating to the section height, the working face condition is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the excavation face of the complete section is presented.

[0071] S7, Waterproof ring unfolds vertically:

[0072] Loosen the fixing hooks to allow the water-tight ring 1 to hang naturally under gravity and unfold vertically. The center line of the unfolded cylinder will coincide with the center line of the well shaft, and the ring diameter will be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the well wall. During the unfolding process, prevent sharp objects from damaging the water-tight ring.

[0073] Among them, "loosening the hooks" means releasing the connection between all the hooks at the top of the water-proof ring 1 and the blade template 3, thus releasing its vertical constraint; "naturally hanging down and unfolding in the vertical direction" relies on the gravity of the water-proof ring 1 itself, causing it to gradually extend from a compressed state into an approximately cylindrical shape.

[0074] S8. Installation of cutting edge formwork and grouting pipe:

[0075] Lower the cutting edge template 3 to the working face, ensuring accurate template positioning and leaving a 150mm-200mm gap between it and the well wall 2. Simultaneously, install the grouting pipe 5 at the clamp joint 4. The grouting pipe 5 should be made of flexible material, and the joints should be sealed. The installation state is as follows. Figure 6 As shown. After the template is installed, check the horizontality and verticality to ensure the quality of the well wall pouring. The gap between the cutting edge template 3 and the well wall 2 provides space for the binding of the vertical reinforcing bars 6, and the grouting pipes 5 should be arranged to avoid critical areas.

[0076] S9. Reinforcing bar binding and gap treatment:

[0077] Tie the vertical reinforcing bars 6 on the outer side of the well wall, and fix the reinforcing bars by inserting them into the installation slots on the cutting edge template 3. During tying, maintain a gap of 150mm~200mm between the cutting edge template 3 and the well wall 2 for easy operation. After tying, fill the gap with filler material 7 (such as sand), and compact the sand layer to provide temporary support. Roll up the excess portion (200mm~500mm) at the bottom of the water-proof ring 1 and embed it in the filler material 7 to form an overlapping foundation with the next section of the water-proof ring 1. The treatment process is as follows: Figure 7 As shown. This step requires that the vertical reinforcing bars 6 be securely tied, and the gaps be filled with sand evenly to avoid voids.

[0078] S10, Well wall concrete pouring:

[0079] After installing the formwork 8, pour concrete for the well wall of one section height. During the concrete pouring process, the lateral pressure of the concrete forces the water-tight ring 1 to expand outward, allowing it to initially adhere to and be initially fixed to the uneven well wall 2 formed by excavation; the concrete mix proportion is based on the design strength, and pouring is carried out in layers, compacted with a vibrator. The formwork 8 must be aligned with the cutting edge formwork 3 to ensure that the well wall diameter and verticality meet the design requirements; the pouring process is as follows... Figure 8 The image shows the concrete pouring process. The pouring speed must be controlled to prevent impact on the watertight ring 1. After the formwork 8 is removed, the surface quality of the concrete must be inspected.

[0080] S11, Grouting of the waterproof layer:

[0081] Grouting is performed through grouting pipe 5 into the gap between the water-tight ring 1 and the stratum. The grout is made of cement-based material, and the pressure is controlled between 0.3 MPa and 0.5 MPa. The grouting sequence is from bottom to top to ensure uniform filling; the grouting state is as follows... Figure 9 As shown. Check the effect after grouting and add grout if necessary. This step combines the water-proof layer with the surrounding rock to completely block water. The grouting pipe 5 needs to be temporarily sealed after grouting to prevent backflow. The gap between the water-proof ring 1 and the formation refers to the annular cavity between the outer surface of the water-proof ring 1 and the surface of the surrounding rock of the wellbore 2. Its width is uneven and needs to be filled with grout to achieve full cross-section filling; "through grouting pipe 5" indicates that the grouting path is introduced through the clamp joint 4, and the grout diffuses circumferentially along the outside of the water-proof ring 1, eventually filling the entire annular gap.

[0082] S12, Cyclic Construction:

[0083] After the concrete pouring of the previous section of the well wall meets the excavation conditions, repeat steps S2 to S11 to construct the next section. During the cycle, the overlap of adjacent water-tight rings 1 is crucial: before hoisting the next water-tight ring 1, lower and unfold the excess portion at the bottom of the previous section and clean it, so that the inner surface of the bottom of the previous water-tight ring 1 is connected to the outer surface of the top of the current water-tight ring 1 using strong double-sided adhesive or hot-melt welding, with an overlap length of 100mm~200mm. The upper part of the current section is also equipped with a clamp joint 4 for grouting. The cycle process is as follows... Figures 10 to 18 The diagram shows the construction status of the second high section. Through repeated use, multiple waterproof rings 1 are longitudinally overlapped to form a continuous waterproof layer. Components such as the bucket and the cutting edge formwork 3 need to be reused to ensure construction continuity.

[0084] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a foldable vertical shaft waterproofing layer, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Prefabrication of water-proof ring: According to the well wall design parameters, a cylindrical rubber mold water-proof ring is prefabricated on the ground (1). S2, Initial excavation of the water-proof section well shaft: After the concrete pouring of the upper section well wall is completed, the well shaft is excavated downwards, so that the working face is 1~2m away from the lower edge of the upper section well wall at a predetermined depth, providing space for the installation of the water-proof ring (1); S3. Waterproof ring hoisting and radial expansion: Use a bucket to lower the waterproof ring (1) from the ground to the working face in the well, and expand it radially into a ring with a diameter similar to that of the well wall, to ensure that the waterproof ring (1) surrounds the well excavation area; S4. Longitudinal folding and fixing of the water-proof ring: The unfolded water-proof ring (1) is folded and compressed longitudinally to 0.3~1m, and fixed to the cutting foot template (3) below the upper section of the well wall at intervals by hooks and ropes, so that the water-proof ring (1) is temporarily suspended. S5. Additional fixing and interface installation of water-proof ring: For the water-proof ring (1) of the first construction section, anchor rods are used to fix it to the stratum on its upper part; for the water-proof ring (1) of the subsequent construction section, its upper part is overlapped and sealed with the bottom of the previous water-proof ring (1) that has been fixed to the outside of the well wall; at the same time, multiple clamp joints (4) are installed at equal intervals on the upper part of the water-proof ring (1) for connecting the grouting pipe (5). S6. Complete Excavation of Section Height: Continue excavating the shaft downwards to a depth equal to the height of a complete construction section; S7. Vertical expansion of the water-proof ring: Loosen the hook that fixes the water-proof ring (1), so that the water-proof ring (1) hangs down naturally and expands in the vertical direction, forming a basically vertical cylindrical shape suspended between the well wall (2) and the subsequent template to be erected. S8. Installation of cutting edge template and grouting pipe: Lower the cutting edge template (3) to the working surface and install the grouting pipe (5) at the clamp joint (4) position for later grouting; S9. Reinforcing bar binding and gap treatment: Bind the vertical reinforcing bars (6) on the outside of the well wall. Leave a gap between the cutting foot template (3) and the well wall (2) for binding the vertical reinforcing bars (6). After binding, fill the gap with filling material (7) and fold the excess part of the bottom of the water-proof ring (1) into the filling material (7) for overlapping with the next section of water-proof ring (1). S10, Well wall concrete pouring: Install the formwork (8) and pour a section of well wall concrete; during the concrete pouring process, the lateral pressure of the concrete forces the water-proof ring (1) to expand outward, so that it initially fits and is initially fixed with the uneven well wall (2) formed by excavation. S11, Grouting of the waterproof layer: Grouting is carried out through the grouting pipe (5) to fill the gap between the waterproof ring (1) and the stratum. S12, Cyclic construction: After the concrete pouring of the previous section of the well wall is completed and the excavation conditions are met, repeat steps S2 to S11 to carry out the next section of high construction. The overlapping and fixing method of the water-proof ring (1) of the subsequent construction section described in step S5 is applicable to this cycle. The water-proof rings (1) of each section are connected by longitudinal overlapping to form a continuous longitudinal water-proof layer.

2. A method for constructing a foldable vertical shaft waterproofing layer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the water-proof ring (1) is made of EPDM rubber membrane with a thickness of 0.7mm~1.5mm. The diameter of the water-proof ring (1) is 20mm~40mm larger than the outer diameter of the well wall. The circumference is the outer diameter of the well wall plus an overlap allowance of 150mm~250mm. The height is the height of the construction section plus the longitudinal overlap length. The height of the construction section is 3000mm~5000mm. The height of the water-proof ring (1) exceeds the height of the construction section by 200mm~500mm. The longitudinal overlap length is 100mm~200mm.

3. A method for constructing a foldable vertical shaft waterproofing layer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the predetermined depth is 1m~2.0m to facilitate the installation of the water-proof ring (1) by a person standing on the working surface; in step 4, the folding and compression height is 0.3m~1.0m, the hooks are evenly arranged at intervals and connected to the blade foot template (3) by hanging ropes.

4. A method for constructing a foldable vertical shaft waterproofing layer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, there are 4 clamp joints (4) evenly distributed around the water-proof ring (1). The center distance of the opening of the clamp joint (4) is 250mm~300mm from the upper edge of the water-proof ring (1) and is used to connect the grouting pipe (5). The anchor rod is a steel anchor rod, which is installed at intervals on the upper part of the water-proof ring (1) and fixed to the stratum.

5. A method for constructing a foldable vertical shaft waterproofing layer as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In step S5, the clamp joint (4) is a tubular structure with internal threads at its ends for connecting the grouting pipe (5); the middle of the clamp joint (4) is fitted with sealing gaskets located on both sides of the water-proof ring to ensure the sealing between the clamp joint (4) and the water-proof ring.

6. A method for constructing a foldable vertical shaft waterproofing layer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S9, when the vertical steel bar (6) is tied, the gap width between the cutting foot template (3) and the well wall (2) is 150mm~200mm, the filling material (7) is sand, and the excess part of the bottom of the water-proof ring (1) is rolled up and buried in the sand for a length of 200mm~500mm, which is used to overlap with the next section of the water-proof ring (1).

7. A method for constructing a foldable vertical shaft waterproofing layer as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In step S9, the vertical steel bar (6) is inserted into the mounting groove on the cutting edge template (3) and fixed by binding. After the gap between the cutting edge template (3) and the well wall (2) is filled with sand, the bottom rolled-up part of the water-proof ring (1) is buried in the sand to form an overlapping foundation.

8. A method for constructing a foldable vertical shaft waterproofing layer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the cyclic construction of step S12, the overlap of adjacent water-proof rings (1) is achieved in the following way: before hoisting the next water-proof ring (1), the excess part of the bottom of the previous water-proof ring (1) is laid down, unfolded and cleaned, so that the inner surface of the bottom of the previous water-proof ring (1) is connected to the outer surface of the top of the current water-proof ring (1) by strong double-sided adhesive or hot melt welding, with an overlap length of 100mm~200mm, and a clamp joint (4) is installed on the upper part of the current water-proof ring (1) for grouting.

9. A method for constructing a foldable vertical shaft waterproofing layer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the water-proof ring (1) is lowered to the working surface by a bucket, it is manually expanded into a circular shape and the folding height is controlled.

Images