High-stability hydrostatic guideway device for heavy equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-stability static pressure guide rail device for heavy equipment, and relates to the technical field of precision mechanical guide rails, the bottom surface of a movable sliding table is fixedly connected with a pull-down constraint support, a plane static pressure oil cavity group is located on the bottom surface of the pull-down constraint support, and the bottom end of a plane oil supply channel extends into the plane static pressure oil cavity group; and the V-shaped sliding rails are fixedly connected to the two sides of the bottom face of the movable sliding table, the V-shaped static pressure oil cavity sets are located on the side faces of the bottoms of the V-shaped sliding rails, and the bottom ends of the V-shaped oil supply channels extend into the V-shaped static pressure oil cavity sets. The comprehensive bearing capacity of the guide rail is remarkably improved, the large-load requirement of heavy equipment is met, the central plane supporting area provides main vertical bearing capacity, the double-V-shaped guide rail provides multidirectional constraint and auxiliary bearing, and the lateral constraint structure provides static pressure support in the horizontal direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision mechanical guide rail technology, specifically a high-stability hydrostatic guide rail device for heavy equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrostatic guideways are precision guiding devices. Their working principle involves introducing pressurized lubricating oil through a throttle into the oil chambers on the guideway surface, forming a load-bearing oil film that creates a pure liquid friction state between the guideway surfaces. Hydrostatic guideways offer advantages such as extremely low friction coefficient, high motion accuracy, no creeping, and good vibration resistance, and are widely used in ultra-precision machine tools, heavy machinery, aerospace, and other fields. According to their structure, hydrostatic guides can be divided into two main categories: open hydrostatic guides and closed hydrostatic guides. Open hydrostatic guides have a simple structure but can only withstand unidirectional loads. Closed hydrostatic guides have oil chambers on both the upper and lower guide surfaces, which can withstand loads and overturning moments in different directions and have a wider range of applications. There are various hydrostatic guide rail structures in the existing technology. One high-precision closed hydrostatic guide rail structure includes a guide rail base, a movable slide table, a strip-shaped downward pressure guide rail, and a pull-down bracket. The guide rail base is provided with two parallel and symmetrically arranged V-shaped guide rail grooves, and the bottom of the movable slide table is provided with a V-shaped slide rail. A closed hydrostatic effect is formed by applying downward hydraulic tension through an L-shaped pressure plate. However, the load-bearing capacity of the V-shaped guide rail structure of this solution is unevenly distributed, and the load-bearing capacity of the V-shaped surface is limited by the V-shaped angle. It is difficult to meet the large vertical load-bearing capacity required by heavy equipment. At the same time, it lacks an active oil film thickness adjustment mechanism. When the external load changes drastically, the oil film thickness is difficult to respond and adjust quickly. Another type of closed hydrostatic guide rail based on gap throttling includes a base and a slider. The closed hydrostatic gap throttling function is achieved through the internal feedback of the gap throttling structure. However, the gap throttling effect of this scheme depends on the gap accuracy between the slider and the base. It is difficult to process and assemble, and the cost is high. Moreover, the stiffness is still limited under the heavy load conditions of heavy equipment, which may result in large displacement. Furthermore, existing hydrostatic guideways mostly employ constant hydraulic resistance throttling methods such as capillary tubes and damping orifices, which are highly sensitive to the cleanliness of the pipelines and oil. Commonly used capillary tubes or small orifice throttling devices cannot function properly once they are contaminated or clogged with oil, causing the guideway to lose accuracy and even experience boundary friction wear. Existing technologies also lack effective real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment mechanisms for oil film thickness, making it difficult to automatically adjust the oil supply pressure in each area according to actual working conditions, and failing to achieve uniform load distribution and dynamic balance. At the same time, existing technologies mostly use a single oil supply path, so once the oil supply system fails, the entire guideway system will fail, lacking an effective redundancy protection mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a highly stable hydrostatic guide rail device for heavy equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-stability hydrostatic guide rail device for heavy equipment includes a guide rail base and a movable slide. The top surface of the guide rail base is provided with a planar slide groove and a V-shaped slide groove, and the two sides of the top inner wall of the guide rail base are provided with lateral constraint slide grooves. The movable slide is slidably mounted on the guide rail base, and the bottom of the movable slide is connected to a graded throttling mechanism. The graded throttling mechanism includes a planar hydrostatic oil chamber assembly, a planar oil supply channel, a V-shaped slide rail, a V-shaped hydrostatic oil chamber assembly, a V-shaped oil supply channel, a lateral constraint slide rail, a lateral hydrostatic oil chamber assembly, and a lateral oil supply channel. The bottom surface of the movable slide is fixedly connected to a pull-down constraint bracket, which slides inside the planar slide groove. The planar hydrostatic oil chamber group is located on the bottom surface of the pull-down constraint bracket, and the bottom end of the planar oil supply channel extends into the interior of the planar hydrostatic oil chamber group. The V-shaped slide rail is fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom surface of the movable slide table. The V-shaped slide rail slides inside the V-shaped slide groove. The V-shaped hydrostatic oil chamber group is located on the bottom side of the V-shaped slide rail. The bottom end of the V-shaped oil supply channel extends into the V-shaped hydrostatic oil chamber group. The lateral constraint slide rail is fixedly connected to both sides of the movable slide table. The lateral constraint slide rail slides inside the lateral constraint slide groove. The lateral static pressure oil chamber group is located on the bottom surface of the lateral constraint slide rail. The lateral oil supply channel extends to the inner wall of the lateral static pressure oil chamber group.

[0005] As a further embodiment of the present invention: an oil supply mechanism is provided on the guide rail base, the oil supply mechanism including an active clean oil tank, a spare clean oil tank, a three-way pipe and a return oil pipe, the return oil pipe is disposed inside the guide rail base, the bottom end of the return oil pipe extends to the inner wall of the active clean oil tank and the spare clean oil tank respectively, the active clean oil tank and the spare clean oil tank are both fixedly connected to the front of the guide rail base, the bottom two ends of the three-way pipe extend to the inside of the active clean oil tank and the spare clean oil tank respectively, and the top end of the return oil pipe extends to the inner wall of the planar slide groove, the V-shaped slide groove and the lateral constraint slide groove respectively.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: a three-way valve is provided inside the three-way pipe, and the three-way valve is used to control the opening and closing of the corresponding oil supply passages of the active clean oil tank and the backup clean oil tank.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: an adjustment mechanism is provided on the front side of the movable slide, the adjustment mechanism including a diverter pipe and a regulating valve assembly, the back side of the diverter pipe being fixedly connected to the front side of the movable slide, and the input end of the diverter pipe being fixedly connected to the output end of the three-way pipe; the regulating valve assembly is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the diverter pipe, and the input ends of the planar oil supply channel, the V-shaped oil supply channel, and the lateral oil supply channel are all connected to the output end of the regulating valve assembly.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: elastic buffer pads are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the planar slide, and hard limit blocks are fixedly connected to the four corners of the top surface of the guide rail base.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: an oil film thickness sensor group, a temperature sensor, a displacement sensor and an intelligent adjustment controller are fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable slide, and a pressure sensor group is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rail base.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention by adopting the above technical solution are as follows: 1. This invention adopts a composite guide rail structure, combining double V-shaped guide rails with planar guide rails, and with a multi-region distributed hydrostatic oil chamber layout, which significantly improves the comprehensive load-bearing capacity of the guide rails and meets the high load requirements of heavy equipment; the central planar support area provides the main vertical load-bearing force, the double V-shaped guide rails provide multi-directional constraints and auxiliary load-bearing, and the lateral constraint structure provides horizontal hydrostatic support.

[0011] 2. By adopting a graded throttling mechanism and an adjustment mechanism, the stiffness of the oil film is improved, the displacement change under large loads is reduced, and the machining accuracy and operational stability of heavy equipment are guaranteed.

[0012] 3. By rationally designing the distribution and pressure configuration of the hydrostatic oil chambers in each direction, a coordinated unity of high load-bearing capacity in the vertical direction and high guiding accuracy in the horizontal direction can be achieved.

[0013] 4. By setting up oil film thickness sensor groups and pressure sensor groups, in conjunction with intelligent adjustment controllers and regulating valve groups, real-time adjustment of oil supply pressure in each area can be achieved, making the load distribution more uniform and improving the dynamic stability of the system.

[0014] 5. By designing redundant oil supply channels and mechanical protection mechanisms, even if part of the oil supply system fails, the guide rail can still maintain basic functions, greatly improving system reliability.

[0015] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the following examination or study, or may be taught from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an overall three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a first perspective view of the movable slide in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a second three-dimensional schematic diagram of the movable slide in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of the movable slide in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a first orthographic cross-section of the movable slide in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second orthographic section of the movable slide in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the third orthographic section of the movable slide in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a top cross-sectional view of the guide rail base in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the guide rail base in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Guide rail base; 2. Moving slide; 3. Staged throttling mechanism; 31. Planar static pressure oil chamber assembly; 32. Planar oil supply channel; 33. V-shaped slide rail; 34. V-shaped static pressure oil chamber assembly; 35. V-shaped oil supply channel; 36. Lateral constraint slide rail; 37. Lateral static pressure oil chamber assembly; 38. Lateral oil supply channel; 41. Planar slide groove; 42. V-shaped slide groove; 43. Lateral constraint slide groove; 5. Oil supply mechanism; 51. Active clean oil tank; 52. Spare clean oil tank; 53. T-junction pipe; 54. Return oil pipe; 6. Adjustment mechanism; 61. Diverter pipe; 62. Adjustment valve assembly; 7. Elastic buffer pad; 8. Hard limit block. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0019] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0020] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 9The present invention provides a high-stability hydrostatic guide rail device for heavy equipment, which includes a guide rail base 1, a movable slide 2, a graded throttling mechanism 3, an oil supply mechanism 5, an adjustment mechanism 6, and a safety protection structure. The movable slide 2 can slide linearly on the guide rail base 1 along the guide rail direction, and the two are supported and guided without contact through a hydrostatic oil film.

[0021] I. Fuel Supply Organization The guide rail base 1 is equipped with an oil supply mechanism 5, which is used to provide clean lubricating oil for the entire hydrostatic guide rail device and realize the recycling of lubricating oil. The oil supply mechanism 5 includes an active clean oil tank 51, a spare clean oil tank 52, a three-way pipe 53, and a return oil pipe 54.

[0022] Both the active clean oil tank 51 and the backup clean oil tank 52 are fixedly connected to the front of the guide rail base 1. Under normal working conditions, the active clean oil tank 51 serves as the main source of oil supply, while the backup clean oil tank 52 serves as a redundant oil supply unit. When the active clean oil tank 51 experiences an oil supply failure, the system can automatically switch to the backup clean oil tank 52 to continue supplying oil, thereby ensuring the continuity and reliability of the oil supply.

[0023] The oil return pipe 54 is installed inside the guide rail base 1. The top end of the oil return pipe 54 extends to the inner wall of the flat slide groove 41, the V-shaped slide groove 42 and the lateral constraint slide groove 43 respectively. The oil return pipe 54 is used to collect the lubricating oil in each slide groove on the guide rail base 1 and return the lubricating oil to the oil tank for recycling. The bottom end of the oil return pipe 54 extends to the inner wall of the active clean oil tank 51 and the spare clean oil tank 52 respectively, so as to guide the collected lubricating oil to the two clean oil tanks respectively.

[0024] The bottom ends of the three-way pipe 53 extend into the interior of the active clean oil tank 51 and the backup clean oil tank 52, respectively. A three-way valve is installed inside the three-way pipe 53. The three-way valve is used to control the opening and closing of the corresponding oil supply passages of the active clean oil tank 51 and the backup clean oil tank 52. Under normal working conditions, the three-way valve opens the passage of the active clean oil tank 51 and delivers the filtered clean lubricating oil in the active clean oil tank 51 to the subsequent diversion pipe 61. When the active clean oil tank 51 malfunctions or the lubricating oil is insufficient, the three-way valve switches to the passage of the backup clean oil tank 52 to ensure uninterrupted oil supply.

[0025] II. Adjustment Mechanism The front of the movable slide table 2 is provided with an adjustment mechanism 6. The adjustment mechanism 6 is used to distribute and regulate the lubricating oil from the oil supply mechanism 5 according to the actual needs of each area. The adjustment mechanism 6 includes a diversion pipe 61 and an adjustment valve group 62.

[0026] The back of the diverter pipe 61 is fixedly connected to the front of the movable slide 2, and the input end of the diverter pipe 61 is fixedly connected to the output end of the three-way pipe 53. The lubricating oil from the three-way pipe 53 enters the regulating mechanism 6 through the diverter pipe 61.

[0027] The regulating valve assembly 62 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the diversion pipe 61. The regulating valve assembly 62 can independently regulate the flow rate and pressure of lubricating oil delivered to the planar oil supply channel 32, the V-shaped oil supply channel 35 and the lateral oil supply channel 38 according to the control signal of the intelligent regulating controller. By independently controlling each oil supply channel, differentiated oil supply to the static pressure oil chambers in different areas can be achieved, so that the oil film thickness and bearing capacity in each area can reach the optimal distribution state.

[0028] III. Tiered Throttling Mechanism The bottom of the movable slide 2 is connected to a graded throttling mechanism 3. The graded throttling mechanism 3 is the core structure for realizing the composite hydrostatic support of the present invention. The graded throttling mechanism 3 includes a planar hydrostatic oil chamber group 31, a planar oil supply channel 32, a V-shaped slide rail 33, a V-shaped hydrostatic oil chamber group 34, a V-shaped oil supply channel 35, a lateral constraint slide rail 36, a lateral hydrostatic oil chamber group 37, and a lateral oil supply channel 38.

[0029] Please see Figure 4 The bottom surface of the movable slide table 2 is fixedly connected to a pull-down constraint bracket, which is located in the central area of ​​the bottom surface of the movable slide table 2. It is used to cooperate with the planar slide groove 41 on the top surface of the guide rail base 1 and slide inside the planar slide groove 41. The planar hydrostatic oil chamber group 31 is located on the bottom surface of the pull-down constraint bracket. The planar oil supply channel 32 is set inside the movable slide table 2. The bottom end of the planar oil supply channel 32 extends into the interior of the planar hydrostatic oil chamber group 31, and the top end extends to one side of the regulating valve group 62. The planar hydrostatic oil chamber group 31 adopts a rectangular array arrangement. The area of ​​the central row of oil chambers is larger than that of the two side rows of oil chambers. The central row of oil chambers has a larger area and is used to bear the main vertical load. The two side rows of oil chambers have smaller areas and play an auxiliary support role. The central planar support area provides the main vertical bearing capacity.

[0030] V-shaped slide rails 33 are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom surface of the movable slide table 2. The V-shaped slide rails 33 are symmetrical double V-shaped structures. The V-shaped hydrostatic oil chamber group 34 is located on the bottom side of the V-shaped slide rails 33. That is, independent rectangular oil chambers are arranged on both inclined surfaces of the V-shaped slide rails 33. The V-shaped hydrostatic oil chamber group 34 has multiple independent rectangular oil chambers on each of the two inclined surfaces of each V-shaped slide rail 33, which are arranged at equal intervals along the guide rail direction. Each oil chamber is surrounded by an oil sealing edge to ensure stable lubricating oil pressure in the oil chamber and reduce leakage. The V-shaped oil supply channel 35 is set inside the movable slide table 2. The bottom end of the V-shaped oil supply channel 35 extends into the V-shaped hydrostatic oil chamber group 34, and the top end extends to one side of the regulating valve group 62. The V-shaped slide rails 33 cooperate with the corresponding V-shaped slide grooves 42 on the guide rail base 1 and slide inside the V-shaped slide grooves 42. The double V-shaped guide rail structure provides multi-directional constraints and auxiliary bearing capacity. The included angle of the V-shaped slide grooves 42 is preferably 20°.

[0031] Lateral constraint slide rails 36 are fixedly connected to both sides of the movable slide table 2. Lateral static pressure oil chamber group 37 is located on the bottom surface of lateral constraint slide rails 36. Lateral oil supply channel 38 extends to the inner wall of lateral static pressure oil chamber group 37. Lateral static pressure oil chamber group 37 has multiple elongated oil chambers on the bottom surface of each lateral constraint slide rail 36 of the movable slide table 2, extending along the guide rail direction. Lateral constraint slide rails 36 slide inside the lateral constraint grooves 43 opened on both sides of the top inner wall of the guide rail base 1, providing horizontal static pressure support for the movable slide table 2. The top of the lateral oil supply channel 38 extends to one side of the regulating valve group 62.

[0032] The planar oil supply channel 32, the V-shaped oil supply channel 35, and the lateral oil supply channel 38 all extend to one side of the regulating valve group 62, respectively receiving the lubricating oil distributed by the regulating valve group 62. After the lubricating oil enters the corresponding hydrostatic oil chamber group through each oil supply channel, a bearing oil film is formed between the oil chamber and the corresponding sliding groove surface of the guide rail base 1, realizing non-contact hydrostatic support.

[0033] IV. Guide rail base structure Please see Figure 3 The top surface of the guide rail base 1 is provided with a composite guide rail structure, including a central planar groove 41, V-shaped grooves 42 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the planar groove 41, and lateral constraint grooves 43 arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the top of the guide rail base 1.

[0034] The planar slide groove 41 is located in the central area of ​​the top surface of the guide rail base 1 and is used to accommodate the pull-down constraint bracket of the bottom surface of the movable slide table 2. The pull-down constraint bracket slides linearly along the guide rail direction within the planar slide groove 41. The V-shaped slide groove 42 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the planar slide groove 41 and is used to accommodate the V-shaped slide rails 33 on both sides of the bottom surface of the movable slide table 2. The V-shaped slide rails 33 slide linearly along the guide rail direction inside the V-shaped slide groove 42. The lateral constraint slide groove 43 is opened on both sides of the top inner wall of the guide rail base 1 and is used to accommodate the lateral constraint slide rails 36 on both sides of the movable slide table 2. The lateral constraint slide rails 36 slide linearly along the guide rail direction inside the lateral constraint slide groove 43.

[0035] The return oil pipe 54 is installed inside the guide rail base 1. The top end of the return oil pipe 54 extends to the inner wall of the flat slide groove 41, the V-shaped slide groove 42 and the lateral constraint slide groove 43 respectively. It is used to collect the lubricating oil overflowing from each slide groove surface and guide it to the active clean oil tank 51 or the spare clean oil tank 52 to realize the recycling of lubricating oil.

[0036] V. Safety Protection Structure The inner walls of the front and rear sides of the flat slide 41 are fixedly connected with elastic buffer pads 7. The elastic buffer pads 7 are used to provide elastic buffering when the moving slide 2 moves to the limit position of the stroke, so as to avoid rigid collision between the moving slide 2 and the guide rail base 1 and protect the guide rail structure and the workpiece.

[0037] Hard limit blocks 8 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the top surface of the guide rail base 1. The hard limit blocks 8 serve as the final mechanical limit protection to prevent the moving slide 2 from exceeding the permissible travel range. The elastic buffer pad 7 and the hard limit blocks 8 together constitute a two-level mechanical limit protection. The elastic buffer pad 7 first provides flexible deceleration buffer, and the hard limit blocks 8 provide rigid stop under extreme working conditions, thereby effectively protecting the overall safety of the guide rail device.

[0038] VI. Sensors and Intelligent Control Systems The bottom of the movable slide table 2 is fixedly connected to an oil film thickness sensor group, a temperature sensor, a displacement sensor, and an intelligent adjustment controller, while the top of the guide rail base 1 is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor group.

[0039] The oil film thickness sensor group is distributed and installed at key positions on the bottom of the movable slide table 2 to collect oil film thickness data in each area between the movable slide table 2 and the guide rail base 1 in real time. The pressure sensor group is installed on the top of the guide rail base 1 to detect the working pressure of the hydrostatic oil chamber in each area in real time. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the working temperature of the lubricating oil to prevent the oil film performance from deteriorating due to abnormal oil temperature. The displacement sensor is used to detect the actual displacement of the movable slide table 2 and provide position feedback for motion control.

[0040] Please see Figure 5The intelligent regulating controller receives real-time data from the oil film thickness sensor group, pressure sensor group, temperature sensor and displacement sensor, calculates the required pressure regulation amount for each area based on the oil film thickness deviation, and outputs control signals to the regulating valve group 62. The regulating valve group 62 adjusts the lubricating oil pressure and flow rate delivered to the planar oil supply channel 32, the V-shaped oil supply channel 35 and the lateral oil supply channel 38 respectively according to the received control signals, so that the oil film thickness in each area tends to be uniform, and realizes closed-loop adaptive control.

[0041] Working principle Please see Figure 2 The lubricating oil circulation supply process of the hydrostatic guide rail device of the present invention is as follows: The movable slide table 2 slides linearly along the guide rail direction on the guide rail base 1. During the sliding process, the lubricating oil in the planar hydrostatic oil chamber group 31, the V-shaped hydrostatic oil chamber group 34, and the lateral hydrostatic oil chamber group 37 continuously overflows from the edge of the oil chamber. The overflowing lubricating oil flows along the surface of the planar slide groove 41, the V-shaped slide groove 42, and the lateral constraint slide groove 43. The return oil pipe 54 collects the lubricating oil overflowing from each groove on the guide rail base 1 and guides it to the inside of the active clean oil tank 51 or the spare clean oil tank 52. After sedimentation and filtration in the clean oil tank, the lubricating oil becomes clean lubricating oil.

[0042] The three-way pipe 53 guides the clean lubricating oil in the active clean oil tank 51 or the backup clean oil tank 52 into the interior of the diversion pipe 61. Under normal operating conditions, the three-way valve controls the oil supply passage of the active clean oil tank 51 to be in the open state. When the active clean oil tank 51 fails, the three-way valve automatically switches to the oil supply passage of the backup clean oil tank 52.

[0043] After the lubricating oil enters the distribution pipe 61, the regulating valve group 62 distributes the lubricating oil as needed to the planar oil supply channel 32, the V-shaped oil supply channel 35, and the lateral oil supply channel 38 according to the control signal of the intelligent regulating controller.

[0044] The lubricating oil delivered through the planar oil supply channel 32 enters the planar hydrostatic oil chamber group 31, forming a planar bearing oil film between the bottom surface of the pull-down constraint bracket and the planar slide groove 41, providing the main vertical bearing force.

[0045] The lubricating oil delivered through the V-shaped oil supply channel 35 enters the V-shaped hydrostatic oil chamber assembly 34, forming a V-shaped bearing oil film between the inclined surface of the V-shaped slide rail 33 and the inclined surface of the V-shaped slide groove 42, providing multi-directional constraint force and auxiliary bearing force.

[0046] The lubricating oil supplied through the lateral oil supply channel 38 enters the lateral hydrostatic oil chamber assembly 37, forming a lateral bearing oil film between the bottom surface of the lateral constraint slide rail 36 and the lateral constraint slide groove 43, providing hydrostatic support force in the horizontal direction.

[0047] During operation, the oil film thickness sensor group detects the oil film thickness in each area between the movable slide 2 and the guide rail base 1 in real time, the pressure sensor group detects the working pressure of each hydrostatic oil chamber in real time, the temperature sensor monitors the lubricating oil temperature, and the displacement sensor detects the movement displacement of the movable slide 2. The intelligent adjustment controller receives the data from the above sensors, calculates the deviation between the oil film thickness in each area and the set target value, and outputs a control signal to the regulating valve group 62 to adjust the oil supply pressure and flow rate of each oil supply channel, thereby achieving dynamic balance control of the oil film thickness in each area and ensuring that the movable slide 2 can maintain a stable hydrostatic support state under different load conditions.

[0048] Through the aforementioned composite guide rail structure, the central plane support area provides the main vertical load-bearing capacity, the double V-shaped guide rail provides multi-directional constraints and auxiliary load-bearing capacity, and the lateral constraint structure provides horizontal static pressure support. The three work together to achieve a coordinated unity of high vertical load-bearing capacity and high horizontal guiding accuracy, meeting the heavy load working requirements of heavy equipment.

[0049] The elastic buffer pad 7 and the hard limit block 8 together constitute a safety protection structure. When the moving slide 2 moves to the limit area of ​​the stroke, the elastic buffer pad 7 first contacts the moving slide 2 or the pull-down constraint bracket to provide elastic buffer deceleration. If the moving slide 2 continues to move, the hard limit block 8 will provide rigid stop to prevent overtravel damage. At the same time, the redundant dual oil tank oil supply design ensures that even if the active clean oil tank 51 fails, the backup clean oil tank 52 can maintain the basic oil supply function of the system, which greatly improves the operational reliability and safety of the entire guide rail system.

[0050] The terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" all refer to the figures in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 Based on.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0053] For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and these variations still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-stability hydrostatic guide rail device for heavy equipment, comprising a guide rail base (1) and a movable slide (2), characterized in that: The top surface of the guide rail base (1) is provided with a planar sliding groove (41) and a V-shaped sliding groove (42). The two sides of the top inner wall of the guide rail base (1) are provided with lateral constraint sliding grooves (43). The movable slide (2) is slidably disposed on the guide rail base (1). The bottom of the movable slide (2) is connected to a graded throttling mechanism (3). The graded throttling mechanism (3) includes a planar static pressure oil chamber group (31), a planar oil supply channel (32), a V-shaped slide rail (33), a V-shaped static pressure oil chamber group (34), a V-shaped oil supply channel (35), a lateral constraint slide rail (36), a lateral static pressure oil chamber group (37), and a lateral oil supply channel (38). The bottom surface of the movable slide (2) is fixedly connected to a pull-down constraint bracket, which slides inside the planar slide groove (41). The planar hydrostatic oil chamber group (31) is located on the bottom surface of the pull-down constraint bracket, and the bottom end of the planar oil supply channel (32) extends into the interior of the planar hydrostatic oil chamber group (31). The V-shaped slide rail (33) is fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom surface of the movable slide table (2). The V-shaped slide rail (33) slides inside the V-shaped slide groove (42). The V-shaped hydrostatic oil chamber assembly (34) is located on the bottom side of the V-shaped slide rail (33). The bottom end of the V-shaped oil supply channel (35) extends into the V-shaped hydrostatic oil chamber assembly (34). The lateral constraint slide rail (36) is fixedly connected to both sides of the movable slide table (2). The lateral constraint slide rail (36) slides inside the lateral constraint slide groove (43). The lateral static pressure oil chamber assembly (37) is located on the bottom surface of the lateral constraint slide rail (36). The lateral oil supply channel (38) extends to the inner wall of the lateral static pressure oil chamber assembly (37).

2. The high-stability hydrostatic guide rail device for heavy equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail base (1) is provided with an oil supply mechanism (5). The oil supply mechanism (5) includes an active clean oil tank (51), a spare clean oil tank (52), a three-way pipe (53), and a return oil pipe (54). The return oil pipe (54) is located inside the guide rail base (1). The bottom end of the return oil pipe (54) extends to the inner wall of the active clean oil tank (51) and the spare clean oil tank (52), respectively. The active clean oil tank (51) and the spare clean oil tank (52) are both fixedly connected to the front of the guide rail base (1). The bottom ends of the three-way pipe (53) extend to the inside of the active clean oil tank (51) and the spare clean oil tank (52), respectively. The top end of the return oil pipe (54) extends to the inner wall of the planar slide groove (41), the V-shaped slide groove (42), and the lateral constraint slide groove (43), respectively.

3. A high-stability hydrostatic guide rail device for heavy equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The three-way pipe (53) is equipped with a three-way valve inside. The three-way valve is used to control the opening and closing of the corresponding oil supply passages of the active clean oil tank (51) and the backup clean oil tank (52).

4. A high-stability hydrostatic guide rail device for heavy equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front of the movable slide (2) is provided with an adjustment mechanism (6), which includes a diversion pipe (61) and a regulating valve group (62). The back of the diversion pipe (61) is fixedly connected to the front of the movable slide (2), and the input end of the diversion pipe (61) is fixedly connected to the output end of the three-way pipe (53). The regulating valve group (62) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the diversion pipe (61). The input ends of the planar oil supply channel (32), the V-shaped oil supply channel (35), and the lateral oil supply channel (38) are all connected to the output end of the regulating valve group (62).

5. A high-stability hydrostatic guide rail device for heavy equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of the front and rear sides of the planar slide (41) are fixedly connected with elastic buffer pads (7), and the four corners of the top surface of the guide rail base (1) are fixedly connected with hard limit blocks (8).

6. A high-stability hydrostatic guide rail device for heavy equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the movable slide (2) is fixedly connected to an oil film thickness sensor group, a temperature sensor, a displacement sensor and an intelligent adjustment controller, and the top of the guide rail base (1) is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor group.

Images