Cable laying device capable of being quickly disassembled and assembled

Abstract

The invention relates to a cable laying device capable of being quickly disassembled and assembled, which comprises a cable bracket and a guider arranged on the cable bracket, the cable bracket is used for supporting a cable in laying, and the guider is matched with a plurality of rollers to define a guide cavity for the cable to pass through so as to guide and limit the cable passing through the guide cavity; the cable bracket comprises a plane frame and lifting legs, and the guider is connected with the plane frame through a bracket crosspiece; each inner side wall of the guide cavity is a rollable side wall, and the rollable direction of the inner side wall is consistent with the in-out direction of the cable, so that the guide cavity is in rolling contact with the periphery of the cable, the cable can be protected, friction is reduced, and the cable is prevented from falling off. The structure of the guiding device enables the guiding device to adapt to and strongly shape the bending trend of the cable, the guiding device can be installed on various straight, bent and fluctuating routes, has strong environmental adaptability, does not need to repeatedly adjust the front-back position relation, is rapid and convenient to install, and is suitable for being applied to complex environments and conditions on a ship.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of cable laying in ship outfitting, specifically to a cable laying device that can be quickly installed and removed. Background Technology

[0002] The cables are supported and secured by multiple intermittently arranged brackets, on which multiple cables can be laid side by side. During cable laying, multiple workers typically work together at appropriate intervals beside the brackets, reciprocating the work in a sequence of "lifting upwards – delivering forwards – lowering" to avoid forcibly dragging and damaging the cables. This work is extremely labor-intensive.

[0003] With the increasing size of ships and the development of ship electrical technology, the diameter, length, and quantity of ship cables have all increased significantly. Large-diameter cables can have an outer diameter of over 60mm and a single length exceeding 100m. Large-diameter cables are heavier and more rigid, resulting in a greater labor load during their installation. Reducing the labor load and improving construction efficiency are urgent needs in cable installation.

[0004] Currently, in the shipbuilding industry, power equipment such as winches and electric winches are placed at the far end of the cable path to replace manual labor and provide forward power for the cable. Slotted rollers are also temporarily installed on the support brackets to support the cable (as shown in the attached image). Figure 1 , 2 The benefits of the local practice shown are as follows: (1) The power equipment provides tension for cable laying, reducing the manpower load.

[0005] (2) The rolling structure of the roller effectively protects the cable, reduces friction with the bracket, and helps guide the cable to move smoothly.

[0006] (3) The open structure of the grooved roller is conducive to removing the cable from the groove after the cable is laid and placing it in the appropriate position on the bracket for binding, and allowing the roller to continue to serve other cables in the original position.

[0007] (4) The rollers are fixed by brackets without relying on other facilities, which minimizes their requirements for the ship's environment and makes them more adaptable.

[0008] However, this solution also has obvious limitations (mainly the slotted rollers), namely: (1) Grooved rollers can only rotate in the vertical plane, making them suitable for straight paths where multiple rollers are arranged in a straight line. However, at skewed or turning points, the direction of the roller grooves is difficult to match the natural bending trend of the cable, making it difficult for the cable to pass smoothly and causing it to easily come out of the groove, resulting in the suspension of cable laying operations. Furthermore, there are many bends in the cable path on board, which are difficult to avoid, making it difficult to continuously and smoothly carry out cable laying tasks using grooved rollers.

[0009] (2) The slot of the slotted roller is open at the top, which weakens the constraint on the cable. The cable is prone to arching upward and coming out of the slot due to the bending of the path or its own curling, which affects the continuity of the task.

[0010] (3) The slotted rollers are fixed to the brackets with bolts, requiring tools such as wrenches. The bolts are small and easy to lose, making installation and disassembly cumbersome and time-consuming. In order to make the arrangement of the rollers as close as possible to the cable movement trajectory, it is often necessary to repeatedly adjust their installation position, which increases the workload of construction preparation and disassembly. Most of the cable brackets are located at the high point of the compartment, and some areas are difficult to reach. The laying of a long cable may require a dozen or even dozens of rollers. The resulting adjustment and disassembly workload significantly reduces the cost-effectiveness of using slotted rollers and seriously affects the willingness of construction personnel to use them.

[0011] In summary, the structural characteristics of slotted rollers result in insufficient guiding and restraining capabilities for cables, inconvenient assembly and disassembly, limited application scenarios, and poor performance, thus affecting the application scope and efficiency of cable traction construction methods.

[0012] There is a current need for a cable guiding device used in conjunction with cable trays. This device should be usable not only on straight paths but also at various bends; it should effectively restrain the cable while also allowing for easy detachment when necessary; it should meet the requirements of smooth and continuous operation, and also allow for quick assembly and disassembly, ideally without tools. This would specifically and comprehensively address the pain points in cable installation, removing obstacles to the application of power traction equipment and making power-assisted traction cable installation methods more readily accepted and widely adopted. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to provide an improved cable laying device that can be quickly assembled and disassembled. Through structural improvements, the cable laying device is suitable for various application scenarios. It can not only guide the cable forward but also constrain the cable. At the same time, it is easy to assemble and disassemble and has a wide range of applications.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a cable laying device that can be quickly assembled and disassembled, characterized in that: the cable laying device includes a cable tray mounted on a guide, the cable tray being used to support the cable being laid, and the guide being formed by several rollers cooperating with each other to enclose a guide cavity through which the cable can pass, thereby guiding and limiting the cable passing through the guide cavity; the cable tray includes a planar frame and hanging legs arranged around the planar frame, and the guide being detachably connected to the planar frame through the bracket crossbars; the guide is formed by fixed rollers and detachable rollers connected end to end, so that each inner sidewall of the guide cavity is a rolling sidewall, and the rolling direction of the inner sidewall is consistent with the cable's entry and exit direction, so that the guide cavity and the cable's perimeter form a rolling contact; the guide also includes a fixed seat, on which a clamping cover is provided.

[0015] Preferably, the guide includes a fixed roller and three detachable rollers. When the four rollers are arranged together, the fixed roller is the lower roller, and the three detachable rollers are two side rollers and one top roller. The fixed seat has a roller cavity for placing the lower roller, and the clamping cover has a roller groove that mates with the roller cavity. The lower roller is positioned between the fixed seat and the clamping cover. The two ends of the lower roller shaft are fixed and limited by the fixed seat and the clamping cover, and the lower roller body protrudes from the roller groove, allowing the body to roll within the roller cavity and the roller groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper end of the side roller shaft is provided with a gravity locking pin. The gravity locking pin includes a U-shaped pin frame and a rotatable pin piece that can be set on the U-shaped pin frame. The two ends of the upper roller shaft are respectively provided with rectangular locking rings that cooperate with the gravity locking pin. When the rotatable pin piece passes through the rectangular locking ring, the rotatable pin piece automatically falls down under the action of gravity, thus completing the locking of the gravity locking pin and the rectangular locking ring, so that the upper ends of the two side rollers are fixedly connected to the two ends of the upper roller.

[0017] Furthermore, the lower end of the side roller is provided with a rotating locking pin, and the two ends of the fixed seat are respectively provided with external opening recesses that cooperate with the rotating locking pin. The pressing cover is provided with a grooved round hole that cooperates with the external opening recess. The shape of the grooved round hole matches the rotating pin, so that after the rotating pin is inserted into the grooved round hole and the external opening recess, it is locked after rotating a certain angle.

[0018] Furthermore, the bottom of the fixing seat is provided with a straight groove that mates with the crossbar of the bracket, so that the fixing seat is locked onto the crossbar of the bracket. A detachable flat pin passes through the straight groove. Flat pin holes for the flat pin to pass through are provided on both sides of the straight groove. A rotatable rotating lever is provided on the fixing seat. One end of the flat pin is provided with a narrow slot that mates with the rotating lever. When the flat pin passes through the straight groove and the rotating lever is inserted into the narrow slot, the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the crossbar of the bracket.

[0019] Furthermore, the other end of the flat pin is a handle, and the two sides of the handle extend outward to form a blocking strip. The length of the blocking strip is greater than that of the flat pin hole. An anti-loss rope is attached to the top of the handle, and the flat pin is connected to the inner wall of the straight groove through the anti-loss rope.

[0020] Furthermore, the top of the straight groove is provided with two downwardly extending limiting protrusions, and the bracket crossbar is provided with slots that cooperate with the limiting protrusions. The vertical distance from the top of the straight groove to the flat pin hole is greater than the height of the bracket crossbar. When the flat pin passes through the straight groove and is fixed, the fixing seat and the bracket crossbar are fixed relative to each other.

[0021] Furthermore, the rotating paddle is made of thin steel sheet, and a rotating paddle fixing hole is provided on the upper side of the flat pin hole. The rotating paddle and the fixing seat are rotatably connected by the paddle bolt provided in the rotating paddle fixing hole.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention not only improves the overall technical solution, but also includes many improvements in details. Specifically, it has the following beneficial effects: 1. The improved solution of the present invention includes a cable laying device comprising a cable tray mounted thereon and a guide. The cable tray is used to support the cable during laying. The guide is formed by several rollers working together to enclose a guide cavity through which the cable can pass. The guide guides and limits the cable passing through the guide cavity. Since the guide is formed by several rollers, the cable passing through it forms a rolling contact with the inner wall, which can fully protect the cable, reduce friction, prevent the cable from coming off, and play a stable guiding and restraining role. 2. In the technical solution of the present invention, the guide is formed by connecting and closing fixed rollers and detachable rollers end to end, so that each inner sidewall of the guide cavity is a rolling sidewall. The rolling direction of the inner sidewall is consistent with the inlet and outlet direction of the cable, so that the guide cavity and the cable form a rolling contact. The guide also includes a fixed seat with a clamping cover that cooperates with it. The structure of the guide allows it to adapt to and strongly shape the bending trend of the cable, so that it can be installed on various straight, curved and undulating routes, with strong environmental adaptability. It does not require repeated adjustment of the front and rear position relationship, and the installation is quick and convenient. 3. In the structure of this invention, the guide and the bracket beam, as well as the upper roller and the two side rollers, can be quickly and easily assembled and disassembled through a convenient structure. This makes operation convenient, stable, and reliable, facilitating the rapid disconnection of the cable after traction and quick preparation for new tasks. All operations are tool-free, components are less likely to be lost, and construction is convenient. 4. In the structure of the present invention, the locking and unlocking operations of the guide can be performed without visual observation, which is beneficial for carrying out operations in harsh conditions such as confined spaces.

[0023] 5. The present invention has a simple structure and reasonable layout, is suitable for use in complex environments and conditions on ships, is easy and quick to operate, saves time and effort, reduces construction costs, and is easy to promote and utilize. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing technology.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure along direction A.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is another structural schematic diagram of a guide in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a guide according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of a guide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the present invention in use.

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified structural diagram of section B.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the bracket crossbar and the guide of the present invention.

[0033] Figure label: 1. Fixed base, 2. Pressing cover, 3. Lower roller, 4. Side roller, 5. Upper roller, 6. Flat pin, 7. Rotating lever, 8. Cable, 9. Cable bracket; 11 Straight groove, 12 Limiting protrusion, 13 Flat pin hole, 14 Rotary paddle fixing hole, 15 Anti-loss rope tethering hole, 16 Drum cavity, 17 External opening recess, 18 Threaded hole; 21 Through hole, 22 Roller groove, 23 Round hole with notch, 24 Connecting bolt, 41 Rotary locking pin; 42 Gravity locking pin; 51. Rectangular locking ring; 61 Narrow slit; 62 Anti-loss rope; 71. Pulley bolt; 91 Bracket crossbar, 92 Hanging foot. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] This invention provides a cable laying device that can be quickly assembled and disassembled. Its difference from existing technologies lies in the following: the cable laying device includes a cable tray mounted on a guide, the cable tray supporting the cable during laying; the guide, through several rollers working together, forms a guide cavity through which the cable can pass, guiding and limiting the cable passing through the guide cavity; the cable tray includes a planar frame and hanging legs around the planar frame; the guide is detachably connected to the planar frame via crossbars; the guide is formed by fixed rollers and detachable rollers connected end-to-end, making each inner wall of the guide cavity a rolling sidewall, the rolling direction of which is consistent with the cable's entry and exit direction, allowing the guide cavity to make rolling contact with the cable's perimeter; the guide also includes a fixed seat with a mating pressure cap.

[0036] In use, because the cable guide is composed of several rollers, the cable passing through it makes rolling contact with the inner wall, which effectively protects the cable, reduces friction, and prevents the cable from detaching, thus providing stable guidance and restraint. The cable guide's structure allows it to adapt to and strongly shape the cable's bending tendency, enabling installation on various straight, curved, and undulating routes. It has strong environmental adaptability, requires no repeated adjustments to its position, and is quick and easy to install, making it suitable for applications in complex environments and conditions on ships.

[0037] In practice, one fixed roller and two detachable rollers can be used to enclose the triangular guide cavity, which takes up less space, is more flexible, and is suitable for installation in narrow spaces; alternatively, one fixed roller and four detachable rollers can be used to enclose the pentagonal space to accommodate cables with larger diameters, which will also provide better fit around the cable and make the rolling process smoother.

[0038] Example 1 This embodiment describes a cable laying device that can be quickly installed and removed; see details below. Figure 3 , Figure 9The cable laying device includes a cable tray 9 and a guide mounted on it. The cable tray supports the cable 8 being laid. The guide is formed by several rollers working together to create a guide cavity through which the cable can pass, guiding and limiting the cable passing through the guide cavity. The cable tray includes a planar frame and hanging legs 92 around the planar frame. The guide is detachably connected to the planar frame through the crossbars of the tray. The guide is formed by fixed rollers and detachable rollers connected end to end, so that each inner wall of the guide cavity is a rolling side wall. The rolling direction of the inner side wall is consistent with the direction of cable entry and exit, so that the guide cavity and the cable can make rolling contact. The guide also includes a fixed seat 1, on which a clamping cover 2 is provided.

[0039] Specifically, the guide includes a fixed roller and three detachable rollers. When the four rollers are arranged together, the fixed roller is the lower roller 3, and the three detachable rollers are two side rollers 4 and a top roller 5. The fixed seat 1 is provided with a roller cavity for placing the lower roller, and the pressing cover 2 is provided with a roller groove that mates with the roller cavity. The lower roller is positioned between the fixed seat and the pressing cover. The two ends of the lower roller shaft are fixed and limited by the fixed seat and the pressing cover, and the lower roller body protrudes from the roller groove, allowing the body to roll within the roller cavity and the roller groove.

[0040] Furthermore, the upper end of the roller shaft of the side roller 4 is provided with a gravity locking pin 42. The gravity locking pin includes a U-shaped pin frame and a rotatable pin piece that can be set on the U-shaped pin frame. The two ends of the roller shaft of the upper roller 5 are respectively provided with rectangular locking rings 51 that cooperate with the gravity locking pin. When the rotatable pin piece passes through the rectangular locking ring, the rotatable pin piece falls automatically under the action of gravity, thus completing the locking of the gravity locking pin and the rectangular locking ring, so that the upper ends of the two side rollers are fixedly connected to the two ends of the upper roller. The lower end of the roller shaft of the side roller 4 is provided with a rotating locking pin 41. The two ends of the fixed seat are respectively provided with an external opening recess 17 that cooperates with the rotating locking pin. The pressure cover is provided with a grooved round hole 23 that cooperates with the external opening recess. The shape of the grooved round hole matches the rotating pin shaft, so that after the rotating pin shaft is inserted into the grooved round hole and the external opening recess, it is locked after rotating at a certain angle.

[0041] Furthermore, the bottom of the fixing seat 1 is provided with a straight groove 11 that cooperates with the bracket crossbar 91, so that the fixing seat is locked on the bracket crossbar 91. A detachable flat pin 6 is inserted in the straight groove. Flat pin holes 13 for the flat pin to pass through are provided on both sides of the straight groove. A rotatable rotating paddle 7 is provided on the fixing seat. One end of the flat pin is provided with a narrow slit 61 that cooperates with the rotating paddle. When the flat pin passes through the straight groove 11 and the rotating paddle is inserted into the narrow slit, the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the bracket crossbar.

[0042] The other end of the flat pin 6 is a handle. Both sides of the handle extend outwards to form blocking strips, the length of which is greater than the flat pin hole. An anti-loss rope 62 is attached to the top of the handle, and the flat pin is connected to the inner wall of the straight groove via the anti-loss rope. The top of the straight groove has two downward-extending limiting protrusions 12. The bracket crossbar has slots that mate with the limiting protrusions. The vertical distance from the top of the straight groove to the flat pin hole is greater than the height of the bracket crossbar. When the flat pin passes through the straight groove 11 and is fixed, the fixing seat and the bracket crossbar are relatively fixed. The rotating paddle 7 is a thin steel sheet. A rotating paddle fixing hole 14 is located above the side of the flat pin hole. A paddle bolt 71 located in the rotating paddle fixing hole allows the rotating paddle to be rotatably connected to the fixing seat.

[0043] Example 2 This embodiment describes a cable laying device that can be quickly installed and removed; see details below. Figure 1 The cable laying device includes a cable tray with a guide mounted on it. The cable tray supports the cable during laying. The guide consists of several rollers that cooperate with each other to form a guide cavity through which the cable can pass, guiding and limiting the cable passing through the guide cavity. The cable tray includes a planar frame and hanging legs around the planar frame. The guide is detachably connected to the planar frame through the crossbars of the tray. The guide is formed by fixed rollers and detachable rollers connected end to end, so that each inner wall of the guide cavity is a rolling side wall. The rolling direction of the inner side wall is consistent with the direction of cable entry and exit, so that the guide cavity and the cable can make rolling contact. The guide also includes a fixed seat with a clamping cover that cooperates with it.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figures 3-9As shown, the fixing base 1 is a rectangular metal block made of aluminum alloy. A through-slot 11 is formed along its length at the bottom. The slot width is 1-3 mm wider than the width of the bracket crossbar, and the slot depth is greater than the thickness of the bracket crossbar, allowing it to be mounted on the bracket crossbar. Two downward-extending limiting protrusions 12 at the top of the slot 11 are cylindrical and can be inserted into two different slots in the bracket. These limiting protrusions 12 prevent the fixing base 1 from sliding along the length of the bracket crossbar. Near the bottom on both sides of the fixing base are a set of opposite flat pin holes 13, which are elongated and can accommodate a flat pin 6 passing through them. When the flat pin 6 passes through both sides of the flat pin holes 13 from below the bracket crossbar, it forms a closed section with the slot 11, tightly encircling the bracket crossbar and preventing the fixing base 1 from flipping around the bracket crossbar or moving upwards away from it, thus preventing it from detaching from the bracket crossbar. The above structure ensures that the limiting protrusion 12 remains embedded in the slot of the bracket crossbar, and works in conjunction with the side walls of the flat pin 6 and the straight groove 11 to restrict the movement of the fixed seat 1. A rotating paddle fixing hole 14 is provided above one side of the flat pin hole 13, in which a paddle bolt 71 can be installed to fix the rotating paddle 7. The rotating paddle 7 can be a thin steel sheet that can rotate around the paddle bolt 71. When it hangs down naturally, it falls into the narrow slot 61 on the flat pin 6, preventing the flat pin 6 from moving forward or backward in the flat pin hole 13, thus maintaining the fixed seat in a locked state on the crossbar. When the rotating paddle 7 is manually moved upward to disengage it from the narrow slot 61 on the flat pin 6, the flat pin 6 can be removed, and the fixed seat 1 can be removed from the bracket crossbar. On the opposite side from the rotating paddle fixing hole 14, a small round hole is provided near one lower corner of the fixed seat as a tethering hole 15 for the anti-loss rope. This hole is used to secure one end of an anti-loss rope 62, the other end of which is bound to the flat pin 6. Because the flat pin 6 is not fixedly connected to the fixing base 1 when it is not inserted into the pin hole 13 and is not locked by the rotating paddle 7, it can be bound with the anti-loss rope 62 to prevent loss. The anti-loss rope is made of thin stainless steel wire rope.

[0045] like Figures 5-8 As shown, a roller cavity 16 is opened in the middle of the fixed base 1. It is a rectangular hole that runs through the top and bottom surfaces of the fixed base, and a shallow recess extends from each end, allowing the lower roller 3 to sink into it. The two recesses can accommodate and support the protrusions at both ends of the lower roller's rotating shaft. This allows the lower roller 3 to be placed horizontally within the fixed base 1, allowing it to rotate but restricting its movement. Near each end of the fixed base 1, there is an externally opening recess 17, whose shape is a combination of rectangles and arcs, used to accommodate the lower end of the rotating shaft of the side roller 4 and the rotating locking pin 41. The externally opening recess 17 provides space for the rotating locking pin 41 to rotate horizontally around the roller shaft within a certain angle range. Near the four corners of the top surface of the fixed base 1, there are four threaded holes 18, whose positions correspond to the four through holes 21 of the pressure cover 2, for screwing in the connecting bolts 24 to tighten the pressure cover.

[0046] like Figures 4-6 As shown, the clamping cover 2 is a rectangular metal plate, which can be made of aluminum alloy. Its shape and size are basically the same as those of the fixing base 1, but it is thinner. Near the four corners are four through holes 21, corresponding to the threaded holes 18 of the fixing base. Connecting bolts 24 can be inserted into these holes to connect the fixing base 1 and the clamping cover 2. In the middle, there is a roller groove 22, whose position and shape correspond to the roller cavity 16 of the fixing base 1, but both ends are concave. When the two are combined, the lower roller 3 can be locked inside, and the upper and lower recesses at both ends together restrict the two ends of the roller 3's shaft, locking its position so that it can only rotate, not move. At this time, the cylindrical surface of the lower roller 3 will be higher than the top of the clamping cover 2, facilitating contact with the cable and causing rolling friction, thus providing protection. The lower roller 3 cannot be removed unless the connecting bolts 24 are first removed using a screwdriver, and then the clamping cover 2 is separated from the fixing base 1. Unless for maintenance purposes, it is unnecessary to disassemble the clamping cover 2 and the lower roller 3.

[0047] like Figures 4-6 As shown, each end of the clamping cover 2 has a notched circular hole 23, positioned vertically corresponding to the two externally opened recesses 17 of the fixing base 1. The diameter of the circular hole is large enough to accommodate the shaft end of the side roller 4. The notch communicating with the circular hole is in the shape of an "I" and can accommodate the rectangular plate-shaped rotating locking pin 41 fixed to the lower end of the side roller 4 shaft. When the side roller 4 is placed above the notched circular hole 23, the rotating locking pin 41 is aligned with the notch and then inserted until it touches the bottom. At this time, the rotating locking pin 41 will sink into the externally opened recess 17 of the fixing base 1. This recess allows the rotating locking pin 41 to rotate horizontally within a certain angle range (e.g., 90°). When the rotating locking pin 41 rotates away from the angle of the notch, if the side roller 4 is lifted by external force, the rotating locking pin 41 will be blocked by the clamping cover 1 above, thus fixing the side roller 4. To prevent the side rollers 4 and the rotating locking pin 41 from rotating freely and potentially rising into the slot under external force and continuing to disengage, they should rotate 90° horizontally outward after bottoming out. The horizontal angle of the rotating locking pin 41 is then locked by the nesting and restraint of the two side rollers 4 and the upper roller 5. The side opening of the outer opening recess 17 of the fixing base 1 allows the user to easily observe from the outside whether the rotating locking pin 41 is at the correct angle, thus avoiding the need to install the upper roller 5 above the side rollers 4 when it is not rotating.

[0048] like Figure 4 , Figure 6As shown, the gravity locking pin 42 is fixed to the top of the rotating shaft of the side roller 4, and consists of a U-shaped pin frame and a narrow pin plate. The pin plate is embedded in the middle of the pin frame and can rotate around the fixed shaft on the U-shaped pin frame. The gravity locking pin is made of the same material as the rotating shaft of the side roller, which is steel. The horizontal cross-section of the U-shaped pin frame is rectangular, which can be embedded into the rectangular locking ring 51 at the end of the rotating shaft of the upper roller 5. Because of the rectangular corners, relative rotation cannot occur when the two are nested. When one gravity locking pin 42 of the side roller 4 is nested at each end of the upper roller 5, the upper roller 5 is restricted from moving, and both rollers 4 cannot rotate. The center of the pin plate of the gravity locking pin 42 is offset to one side of the fixed shaft on the pin frame, so the pin plate will be horizontally above the rectangular locking ring 51 in its natural state, and its length is greater than the inner diameter of the locking ring. When the rectangular locking ring 51 rises, it will push the pin plate to the horizontal and block it from rising further. If the pin is manually rotated so that its long end is upright and its corresponding short end is lowered towards the pin frame, the locking hole of the rectangular locking ring 51 will be unobstructed and can rise smoothly, achieving the purpose of removing the upper roller 5 and then rotating and removing the side roller 4. The advantage of offsetting the center of the pin relative to its fixed axis is that it creates a relatively short end, which is conducive to rotation within the pin frame, thereby helping to reduce the height of the pin frame and thus reducing the vertical free movement space of the upper roller 5 in the locked state, which is beneficial to the structural stability of the guide.

[0049] The lower roller 3, the two side rollers 4, and the upper roller 5 each have a roller with bearings and a rotating shaft protruding at both ends. The outer surface of the roller is made of non-metallic wear-resistant materials such as nylon to avoid scratching the cable surface, and the rotating shaft is made of steel to ensure strength. Each roller can use the same diameter and length to form an approximately square cross-section, effectively restraining the cable. To ensure universal adaptability to various types of cables, the roller length should not be less than 100mm. The difference between the three rollers is that the lower roller 3 has no shaft end accessories; the upper roller 5 has a rectangular locking ring 51 at each end; and the lower and upper shaft ends of the side rollers 4 are respectively fixed with a rotating locking pin 41 and a gravity locking pin 42.

[0050] like Figure 6As shown, the flat pin 6 is a thin steel plate. Its head and middle sections have a uniform width, slightly smaller than the width of the flat pin hole 13 of the fixing seat 1, allowing it to be inserted. The tail end widens to prevent it from passing further through the pin hole. The tail end is further bulged for easy gripping. A small hole is opened on this bulge for attaching the anti-loss rope 62, maintaining contact with the fixing seat 1 and preventing the flat pin 6 from falling out and being lost. The anti-loss rope 62 can be made of thin stainless steel wire rope, balancing flexibility and strength. When the flat pin 6 is inserted into the flat pin hole 13 and its wider tail end abuts against the fixing seat 1, the narrow slit 61 near the head end of the pin just protrudes from the opposite pin hole. At this time, the rotating paddle 7 can rotate and descend under gravity, falling into the narrow slit 61 and preventing the flat pin 6 from exiting the pin hole 13. Without human intervention, the rotating paddle 7 will not rotate in the upward direction, maintaining the locked state of the flat pin 6. The well-designed locking operation of the flat pin 6 can be completed without visual observation, which is beneficial for construction in confined spaces. The middle section of the flat pin 6 is relatively straight, and a hollowed-out shape can be made inside. This does not affect the function, but it helps to reduce weight.

[0051] like Figures 6-8 As shown, the rotating paddle 7 is a thin steel plate, fixed to the rotating paddle fixing hole 14 of the fixing base 1 by bolts 71, and can rotate around the paddle bolt 71. The thickness of the rotating paddle 7 is slightly less than the width of the narrow slot 61 of the flat pin 6, allowing it to be inserted into the narrow slot. The rotating paddle 7 only needs to be partially inserted into the narrow slot 61 to achieve a locking function. To facilitate manual rotation and lifting, an outwardly protruding operating part is provided on one side. This operating part can prevent it from falling further into the narrow slot 61 and also facilitates pinching operation.

[0052] In this embodiment, the bolt 71 can also be replaced by a thin cylindrical metal part such as a rivet. The upper edge of the clamping cover 2 should be rounded to protect the surface of the cable hanging on it.

[0053] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The guide forms a stable closed structure in the vertical plane consisting of two transverse rollers and two vertical rollers. This structure can rotate flexibly with any possible contact part with the cable and roll into contact with the cable, which can fully protect the cable, reduce friction, and completely prevent the cable from detaching from it, thus reliably playing the role of guiding and restraining the cable.

[0054] (2) The closed structure of the guide eliminates the possibility of cable detachment, making it adaptable to and strongly shaping the bending trend of the cable, allowing it to be installed on various straight, curved, and undulating routes. It has strong environmental adaptability, does not require repeated adjustment of the front and rear position relationship, and is quick to install.

[0055] (3) The upper roller, side roller, and pressure cover of the guide and the guide and bracket crossbar are mainly self-locked by gravity, which is simple, stable and reliable.

[0056] (4) The top roller and side rollers can be installed and removed, as well as the guide can be installed and removed on the cable tray, through simple prying, rotating and plugging operations. This is conducive to the rapid disconnection of the cable after traction and the quick preparation for new tasks. All operations are tool-free, parts are not easy to lose, and construction is convenient.

[0057] (5) The locking and unlocking operations of the guide can be carried out without visual observation, which is beneficial for carrying out operations in harsh conditions such as confined spaces.

[0058] (6) The more complex the ship environment, the smaller the construction space, the thicker and longer the cable, and the more guides are used, the more obvious the advantages of the guide of the present invention in terms of good adaptability and convenient installation and disassembly will be, which will be conducive to its application and popularization in cable construction along with labor-saving machinery.

[0059] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable laying device that can be quickly assembled and disassembled, characterized in that: The cable laying device includes a cable tray with a guide mounted on it. The cable tray supports the cable during laying. The guide consists of several rollers that cooperate with each other to form a guide cavity through which the cable can pass, guiding and limiting the cable passing through the guide cavity. The cable tray includes a planar frame and hanging legs around the planar frame. The guide is detachably connected to the planar frame through the crossbars of the tray. The guide is formed by fixed rollers and detachable rollers connected end to end, so that each inner wall of the guide cavity is a rolling side wall. The rolling direction of the inner side wall is consistent with the direction of cable entry and exit, so that the guide cavity and the cable make rolling contact around the perimeter. The guide also includes a fixed seat with a clamping cover that cooperates with it.

2. The cable laying device that can be quickly assembled and disassembled according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide includes a fixed roller and three detachable rollers. When the four rollers are arranged together, the fixed roller is the lower roller, and the three detachable rollers are two side rollers and one top roller. The fixed seat has a roller cavity for placing the lower roller, and the clamping cover has a roller groove that mates with the roller cavity. The lower roller is positioned between the fixed seat and the clamping cover. The two ends of the lower roller shaft are fixed and limited by the fixed seat and the clamping cover, and the lower roller body protrudes from the roller groove, allowing the body to roll within the roller cavity and roller groove.

3. The cable laying device that can be quickly assembled and disassembled according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the side roller shaft is provided with a gravity locking pin. The gravity locking pin includes a U-shaped pin frame and a rotatable pin piece that can be set on the U-shaped pin frame. The two ends of the upper roller shaft are respectively provided with rectangular locking rings that cooperate with the gravity locking pin. When the rotatable pin piece passes through the rectangular locking ring, the rotatable pin piece automatically falls down under the action of gravity, completing the locking of the gravity locking pin and the rectangular locking ring, so that the upper ends of the two side rollers are fixedly connected to the two ends of the upper roller.

4. The cable laying device that can be quickly assembled and disassembled according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the side roller is provided with a rotating locking pin. Both ends of the fixed seat are respectively provided with external opening recesses that cooperate with the rotating locking pin. The pressing cover is provided with a grooved round hole that cooperates with the external opening recess. The shape of the grooved round hole matches the rotating pin, so that after the rotating pin is inserted into the grooved round hole and the external opening recess, it is locked after rotating a certain angle.

5. The cable laying device that can be quickly assembled and disassembled according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the fixing seat has a straight groove that mates with the crossbar of the bracket, so that the fixing seat is locked onto the crossbar of the bracket. A detachable flat pin passes through the straight groove. Flat pin holes for the flat pin to pass through are provided on both sides of the straight groove. The fixing seat has a rotatable rotating paddle. One end of the flat pin has a narrow slot that mates with the rotating paddle. When the flat pin passes through the straight groove and the rotating paddle is inserted into the narrow slot, the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the crossbar of the bracket.

6. The cable laying device that can be quickly assembled and disassembled according to claim 5, characterized in that: The other end of the flat pin is a handle. The two sides of the handle extend outward to form a blocking strip. The length of the blocking strip is greater than that of the flat pin hole. An anti-loss rope is attached to the top of the handle. The flat pin is connected to the inner wall of the straight groove through the anti-loss rope.

7. The cable laying device that can be quickly assembled and disassembled according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the straight groove has two downward-extending limiting protrusions, and the bracket crossbar has a slot that matches the limiting protrusions. The vertical distance from the top of the straight groove to the flat pin hole is greater than the height of the bracket crossbar. When the flat pin passes through the straight groove and is fixed, the fixing seat and the bracket crossbar are fixed relative to each other.

8. The cable laying device that can be quickly assembled and disassembled according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating paddle is made of thin steel sheet. A rotating paddle fixing hole is provided on the upper side of the flat pin hole. The rotating paddle and the fixing seat are rotatably connected by the paddle bolt provided in the rotating paddle fixing hole.

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