Assembly type sewage pipeline odor treatment equipment and treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses assembly type sewage pipeline odor treatment equipment which comprises an air inlet pipeline, an adsorption reaction assembly and a negative pressure exhaust assembly, one end of the air inlet pipeline is externally connected with a sewage pipeline, the other end of the air inlet pipeline is connected with the bottom of the adsorption reaction assembly so as to input odor in the sewage pipeline, and the negative pressure exhaust assembly is installed at the top of the adsorption reaction assembly. The gas pump is used for driving gas to flow and discharging purified gas; the adsorption reaction assembly comprises a plurality of adsorption reaction devices, the adsorption reaction devices are sequentially stacked and assembled in the vertical direction, and a plurality of filter elements are arranged in the adsorption reaction devices. The invention further discloses a sewage pipeline odor treatment method. By assembling the gas inlet pipeline, the adsorption reaction assembly and the negative pressure exhaust assembly on the sewage pipeline, parameters of equipment can be flexibly adjusted according to components and concentration of odor in the sewage pipeline, and odor substances in the sewage pipeline are efficiently purified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sewage pipeline odor treatment technology, specifically to a prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment equipment and treatment method. Background Technology

[0002] The odor in sewage pipes mainly consists of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), thiols, organic sulfides, and skatole. It is generated when sewage and its sediments undergo organic degradation reactions within the pipe system. Sewage pipe odors pose a series of problems and risks, including: odors emanating from inspection wells affect surrounding air quality; hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3) gases easily corrode pipes, structures, and equipment in humid environments; flammable gases in the odor can easily explode when their concentration reaches a certain level; and the toxic and harmful components in the odor pose significant safety risks to maintenance work in confined spaces. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment device and method, which allows for flexible adjustment of device parameters based on the composition and concentration of odors within the sewage pipeline, thereby efficiently purifying odorous substances in the sewage pipeline. To achieve the above objective, this invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention discloses a prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment device, comprising: an air inlet pipe, an adsorption reaction component, and a negative pressure exhaust component. One end of the air inlet pipe is connected to a sewage pipeline, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the adsorption reaction component to input odor from the sewage pipeline. The negative pressure exhaust component is installed on the top of the adsorption reaction component to drive gas flow and discharge purified gas.

[0004] The adsorption reaction assembly includes multiple sets of adsorption reaction devices, which are stacked and assembled in a vertical direction, and each adsorption reaction device is provided with multiple filter elements.

[0005] The adjacent adsorption reaction devices are sealed together by quick-connect fittings, which include at least one of flanges, clamps, or threaded joints.

[0006] Preferably, the clamp includes a first clamp body and a second clamp body, one end of the first clamp body and the second clamp body are hinged together, and the other end is locked by a locking assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the adsorption reaction device also includes a housing, the filter element is disposed inside the housing, and the filter element includes a filter material and a filter membrane, the filter membrane being wrapped around the outside of the filter material.

[0008] The filter material is a composite adsorption material, comprising: a porous framework made of fibrous material and adsorbent particles filled within the porous framework.

[0009] Preferably, the fiber material is loofah sponge, and the adsorbent particles are one or more of activated carbon, zeolite molecular sieve, activated alumina, or metal-organic framework materials.

[0010] Preferably, the activated carbon has catalyst nanoparticles loaded on its surface, and the particle size of the catalyst nanoparticles is 1-50 nm.

[0011] Preferably, the filter element is cylindrical, and the filter membrane is wrapped around the arcuate sidewall of the filter material, with multiple filter elements vertically installed in a honeycomb pattern inside the housing.

[0012] This invention also discloses a method for treating odor from sewage pipelines, which employs the aforementioned prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment equipment and includes the following steps: S1. Inlet air detection: Detects the initial concentration of the target pollutant in the odorous gas from the sewage pipeline to be treated; S2. Based on the initial concentration and the preset target outlet concentration, calculate the theoretical number N of adsorption reaction devices required for stacking; S3. Modular assembly: Connect the lower end of the air intake pipe to the sewage pipe, and then assemble the corresponding stacked number N adsorption reaction devices in the vertical direction at the upper end of the air intake pipe to form a series adsorption reaction assembly; the negative pressure exhaust assembly is installed on the top of the adsorption reaction assembly. S4. Adsorption treatment: The odor from the sewage pipe passes through the adsorption reaction device in sequence, and the purified gas is discharged from the top of the negative pressure exhaust component.

[0013] The filter element in the adsorption reaction device comprises: a porous framework made of fibrous material, adsorbent particles filled within the porous framework, and a catalyst supported on the surface of the adsorbent particles. The catalyst is used to catalytically decompose the adsorbed odorous substances. The theoretical stacking quantity N of the adsorption reaction device is calculated using the following formula: N = Ceil[ (Q× (C in - C out )) / (L×η) ] + S where: Q is the odor flow rate; C in The initial concentration; C out The target outlet concentration is denoted as L; the rated processing load of a single adsorption reactor under standard conditions is η; the safety factor or dynamic decay factor is η; the number of spare modules is η; and Ceil is the round-up function. After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following effects: 1. This invention equips sewage pipelines with an air inlet pipe, an adsorption reaction assembly, and a negative pressure exhaust assembly. The equipment parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to the composition and concentration of odorous gases within the sewage pipeline. In particular, the number of adsorption reaction devices in the adsorption reaction assembly effectively purifies odorous substances from the sewage pipeline. Furthermore, it is simple to install, consumes little power, and is easy to operate. This invention can significantly improve the environmental quality around sewage pipelines, reduce the risks associated with the operation and maintenance of sewage pipelines, and extend the service life of the sewage pipeline system.

[0014] 2. The adsorption reaction device of the present invention adopts a modular stacking design, which can realize online isolation, quick disassembly and replacement. It can easily cope with the needs of sudden increase in odor concentration or increase in treatment standards simply by increasing the number of modules or replacing modules.

[0015] 3. The filter element in the adsorption reaction device of the present invention includes fiber material, adsorbent particles and catalyst. The three combine physical adsorption, chemical catalytic oxidation and biodegradation, which has good adaptability to multi-component odors. Moreover, the multiple purification mechanisms promote each other, improving the overall treatment efficiency and resistance to load fluctuations.

[0016] 4. The processing method of this invention dynamically configures the stacking quantity of adsorption reaction devices by real-time detection and calculation of inlet concentration, so that the system processing capacity is precisely matched with the real-time odor load, which completely solves the problem of "over-design" or "under-design" of traditional equipment and realizes on-demand maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the adsorption reaction apparatus in this invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the adsorption reaction devices are fixed together by clamps in this invention (21A and 21B in the figure represent one adsorption reaction device each).

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamp structure in this invention.

[0022] Main component symbols: 1: Inlet pipe; 2: Adsorption reaction assembly; 21: Adsorption reaction device; 211: Filter element; 2111: Fiber material; 2112: Adsorbent particles; 2113: Filter membrane; 212: Housing; 3: Negative pressure exhaust assembly; 4: Clamp; 4A: First clamp; 4B: Second clamp; 4C: Third clamp; 41: First clamp body; 42: Second clamp body; 43: Locking assembly; 5: Sealing gasket; 6: Sewage pipe; 7: Sewage well; 8: Exhaust pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention discloses a prefabricated sewage pipe odor treatment device, including: an air inlet pipe 1, an adsorption reaction component 2 and a negative pressure exhaust component 3. One end of the air inlet pipe 1 is connected to a sewage pipe 6, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the adsorption reaction component 2 to input odor from the sewage pipe 6. The negative pressure exhaust component 3 is installed on the top of the adsorption reaction component 1 to drive gas flow and discharge the purified gas.

[0025] In the application scenario of this invention, the sewage pipe 6 is laid in the sewage well 7, and the prefabricated sewage pipe odor treatment device is installed on one side of the sewage pipe 6. An exhaust pipe 8 is also provided between the air inlet pipe 1 of the prefabricated sewage pipe odor treatment device and the sewage pipe 6, through which the odor from the sewage pipe 6 is introduced into the air inlet pipe 1. In other application scenarios, the odor from the sewage pipe 6 can also be directly introduced into the prefabricated sewage pipe odor treatment device through the air inlet pipe 1.

[0026] In this embodiment, the negative pressure exhaust assembly 3 is a non-powered wind cap that can use natural wind to create negative pressure for air extraction, which greatly reduces operating energy consumption and thus reduces operating costs.

[0027] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the adsorption reaction assembly 2 includes multiple adsorption reaction devices 21, which are stacked and assembled in a vertical direction, and multiple filter elements 211 are provided in each adsorption reaction device 21.

[0028] In this embodiment, the adsorption reaction device 21 further includes: a housing 212, a filter element 211 disposed inside the housing 212, and the filter element 211 includes: a filter material and a filter membrane 2113, the filter membrane 2113 being wrapped around the outside of the filter material.

[0029] The filter material is a composite adsorption material, comprising: a porous framework composed of fiber material 2111 and adsorbent particles 2112 filled within the porous framework.

[0030] In this embodiment, the fiber material 2111 is loofah sponge, the adsorbent particles 2112 are activated carbon, and the surface of the activated carbon is loaded with catalyst nanoparticles with a particle size of 25 nm. In other embodiments, the adsorbent particles 2112 may also be one or more of zeolite molecular sieves, activated alumina, or metal-organic framework materials. Meanwhile, the catalyst loaded on the adsorbent particles 2112 is typically selected as catalyst nanoparticles with a particle size of 1-50 nm.

[0031] In addition, in this embodiment, the filter element 211 is cylindrical, and the filter membrane 2113 is wrapped around the arc sidewall of the filter material. Multiple filter elements 211 are vertically installed in the housing 212 in a honeycomb pattern.

[0032] The filter material used in this embodiment is prepared by the following method: S1. Select loofah sponges with complete shape and uniform pore size, cut them into the required size and shape (columnar bodies about 4-5cm long), then soak them thoroughly in hydrogen peroxide, take them out, rinse and dry them, and use them as carrier materials for activated carbon.

[0033] S2. Activated carbon particles with a diameter of 20-40 mesh are selected and dried at 105℃ to enhance adsorption performance.

[0034] S3. When filling, place and fix the loofah sponge vertically, and then continuously inject activated carbon from one end of the natural lumen of the loofah sponge, while simultaneously using high-frequency micro-vibration to promote the particles to fully enter the gaps between the mesh fibers and be evenly and densely distributed (the pore filling rate needs to reach more than 85%).

[0035] According to the needs of odor treatment, the number of adsorption reaction devices 21 can be increased to ensure the operation. The adsorption reaction devices 21 are stacked in sequence along the vertical direction.

[0036] In this embodiment, the three-dimensional porous structure of loofah sponge serves as the supporting framework for activated carbon, functioning as both a diffusion channel and a carrier for microbial attachment, thereby increasing the contact area of ​​odorous gases and the efficiency of subsequent oxidation reactions. Loofah sponge possesses a porous network structure, allowing activated carbon to fill it effectively. Furthermore, the highly developed pore structure of the activated carbon results in a large specific surface area, typically reaching 900-1500 m². 2 / g, which greatly increases the contact area with odor.

[0037] When odorous gases pass through activated carbon, the gas molecules diffuse from the bulk gas phase towards the outer surface of the activated carbon particles under the influence of concentration gradient, and then enter the abundant internal pores of the activated carbon. Due to van der Waals forces, the odorous components are firmly captured and fixed on the inner surface of the activated carbon pores, thus separating from the airflow and achieving air purification.

[0038] This process achieves efficient concentration of pollutants in low-concentration, high-volume odorous gases. In the subsequent catalytic reaction, the local concentration of reactants is increased, thereby significantly improving the overall reaction rate.

[0039] Secondly, in this embodiment, the highly active catalyst supported on the surface of activated carbon exhibits strong catalytic activity in the targeted oxidation of key odor components such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), ammonia (NH3), and thiols into stable and harmless inorganic substances such as sulfates and nitrates. After these key odor components are targetedly oxidized into sulfates and nitrates, they are fixed within the activated carbon, providing a sufficient nutrient environment for the next stage of biodegradation. The catalyst can be a transition metal oxide, a noble metal, or a combination thereof; preferably, the transition metal oxide can be a manganese oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, or cobalt oxide; the noble metal can be platinum, palladium, gold, or silver. The catalyst is a nanoscale catalyst nanoparticle with a particle size distribution ranging from 1 nm to 50 nm. Reducing the particle size to the nanoscale results in an exponential increase in its specific surface area (total surface area per unit mass of material). Nanoparticles expose more reactive sites, greatly increasing the opportunity for odor molecules to contact and react with the catalyst, thereby significantly improving the catalytic oxidation rate and overall treatment efficiency. This is the physical basis for achieving "high-efficiency catalysis at room temperature."

[0040] During the biodegradation stage, the composite structure of loofah sponge and activated carbon ensures both a high porosity (>85%) and a stable habitat for microorganisms, enabling long-term stable operation. The loose pores of the loofah sponge, the substances fixed in the activated carbon after adsorption and catalytic reactions, and the moisture carried by the odor create a moist, nutrient-rich environment. After a period of cultivation, a suitable active microbial filter layer can be developed. Subsequently, when the odor passes through the microbial-rich loofah sponge, some of the malodorous substances are absorbed and degraded by the microorganisms, ultimately decomposing into simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N2).

[0041] The adsorption reaction component 2 used in this invention combines physical adsorption, chemical catalytic oxidation, and biodegradation processes, which can efficiently purify odorous substances in sewage pipes 6. The activated carbon and loofah used in the filter element 211 are natural materials that do not produce secondary pollution, have low construction costs, and a long service life.

[0042] Furthermore, the air intake pipe 1 is fixed to the adsorption reaction component 2, the negative pressure exhaust component 3 is fixed to the adsorption reaction component 2, and the adsorption reaction device 21 is fixed to each other by clamps 4 and sealing gaskets 5. Assembly and installation using clamps 4 and sealing gaskets 5 allows for flexible adjustment of equipment parameters based on the composition and concentration of odor in the sewage pipe 6, especially the number of adsorption reaction devices 21 in the adsorption reaction component 2. It also enables quick disassembly and sealing of the equipment, facilitating component replacement. In this embodiment, the sealing gasket 5 is a rubber ring. During installation, the sealing gasket 5 is first fitted onto the connection between components, and then fixed by clamps 4. Specifically, the air intake pipe 1 is fixed to the adsorption reaction component 2 by a first clamp 4A, the negative pressure exhaust component 3 is fixed to the adsorption reaction component 2 by a second clamp 4B, and the adsorption reaction devices 21 are fixed to each other by a third clamp 4C.

[0043] In some other embodiments, the intake pipe 1 and the adsorption reaction component 2, the negative pressure exhaust component 3 and the adsorption reaction component 2, and the adsorption reaction device 21 can also be sealed and connected by quick-connect fittings such as flanges or threaded joints.

[0044] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the clamp 4 used in the above connection process includes: a first clamp body 41 and a second clamp body 42. One end of the first clamp body 41 and the second clamp body 42 are hinged, and the other end is locked by a locking assembly 43. In this embodiment, the locking assembly 43 is a bolt and a nut.

[0045] The construction process of this invention is simple, occupies a small area, does not affect the landscape, and is easy to maintain, which can greatly reduce the cost of later maintenance.

[0046] Meanwhile, the steps for treating sewage pipe odor using the prefabricated sewage pipe odor treatment equipment of this invention are as follows: S1. Inlet Gas Detection: Detects the initial concentration of target pollutants in the odorous gases from the wastewater pipeline to be treated. Target pollutants in the odorous gases from the wastewater pipeline include one or more of the following: hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, methanethiol, and volatile organic compounds. Real-time detection is achieved using an online gas concentration sensor (such as an electrochemical sensor, semiconductor sensor, or PID-VOCs detector) installed on the inlet pipe; or periodic on-site sampling and detection can be performed using a portable detector.

[0047] S2. Calculation: Based on the initial concentration and the preset target outlet concentration, calculate the theoretical stack size N of the adsorption reactor. The formula for calculating the theoretical stack size N is as follows: N = Ceil[ (Q× (C in - C out)) / (L×η) ] + S where: Q is the odor flow rate; C in The initial concentration; C out η is the preset target outlet concentration; L is the rated processing load of a single adsorption reactor under standard conditions; η is the safety factor or dynamic decay factor; S is the number of spare modules; Ceil is the round-up function.

[0048] The rated treatment load L (g / h) of a single adsorption reactor under standard conditions was determined in advance, and the initial concentration C was... in Compared with the preset target outlet concentration C out Given the odor flow rate Q, and considering the number of additional spare modules S (which can be 0, 1, or 2), we can substitute it into the above calculation formula to obtain the theoretical stacking quantity N.

[0049] It can dynamically monitor the initial concentration of odor in sewage pipes and the real-time target outlet concentration. When the concentration of the target pollutant in the emitted gas continues to be higher than the warning threshold, the number of adsorption reaction devices stacked is increased; when the concentration of the target pollutant in the emitted gas continues to be much lower than the warning threshold and the operating time reaches the preset cycle, the number of adsorption reaction devices stacked is reduced.

[0050] S3. Modular Assembly: Connect the lower end of the air intake pipe to a sewage pipe, and then assemble a corresponding stacked number N of adsorption reaction devices vertically at the upper end of the air intake pipe to form a series adsorption reaction assembly. The negative pressure exhaust assembly is installed on top of the adsorption reaction assembly.

[0051] S4. Adsorption Treatment: The odorous gas from the sewage pipes passes sequentially through the adsorption reaction devices, and the purified gas is discharged from the top of the negative pressure exhaust assembly. Under negative pressure, the odorous gas flows sequentially through the filter elements in each adsorption reaction device. The filter elements contain activated carbon loaded with catalysts. The odorous substances are first efficiently adsorbed and enriched by the activated carbon, and then undergo a room-temperature catalytic oxidation reaction on the catalyst surface, decomposing them into carbon dioxide, water, or harmless salts, thereby achieving deep purification.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment device, characterized in that, include: The system includes an air intake pipe, an adsorption reaction assembly, and a negative pressure exhaust assembly. One end of the air intake pipe is connected to a sewage pipe, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the adsorption reaction assembly to input odorous gas from the sewage pipe. The negative pressure exhaust assembly is installed on top of the adsorption reaction assembly to drive gas flow and discharge purified gas. The adsorption reaction assembly includes multiple sets of adsorption reaction devices, which are stacked and assembled in a vertical direction, and each adsorption reaction device is provided with multiple filter elements.

2. The prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The adjacent adsorption reaction devices are sealed together by quick-connect fittings, which include at least one of flanges, clamps, or threaded joints.

3. The prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The clamp includes a first clamp body and a second clamp body, one end of the first clamp body and the second clamp body are hinged together, and the other end is locked by a locking assembly.

4. The prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption reaction device further includes a housing, the filter element is disposed inside the housing, and the filter element includes a filter material and a filter membrane, the filter membrane being wrapped around the outside of the filter material.

5. The prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment equipment as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The filter material is a composite adsorption material, comprising: a porous framework made of fibrous material and adsorbent particles filled within the porous framework.

6. The prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The fiber material is loofah sponge, and the adsorbent particles are one or more of activated carbon, zeolite molecular sieve, activated alumina, or metal-organic framework materials.

7. The prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment equipment as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The activated carbon has catalyst nanoparticles loaded on its surface, and the particle size of the catalyst nanoparticles is 1-50 nm.

8. The prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment equipment as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The filter element is cylindrical, and the filter membrane is wrapped around the arc-shaped sidewall of the filter material. Multiple filter elements are vertically installed in the housing in a honeycomb pattern.

9. A method for treating odor from sewage pipes, characterized in that: The prefabricated sewage pipeline odor treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1-8 includes the following steps: S1. Inlet air detection: Detects the initial concentration of target pollutants in the odorous gas from the sewage pipe to be treated; S2. Calculation: Based on the initial concentration and the preset target outlet concentration, calculate the theoretical number N of adsorption reaction devices required for stacking; S3. Modular assembly: Connect the lower end of the air intake pipe to the sewage pipe, and then assemble the corresponding stacked number N adsorption reaction devices in the vertical direction at the upper end of the air intake pipe to form a series adsorption reaction assembly; the negative pressure exhaust assembly is installed on the top of the adsorption reaction assembly. S4. Adsorption treatment: The odor from the sewage pipe passes through the adsorption reaction device in sequence, and the purified gas is discharged from the top of the negative pressure exhaust component.

10. A method for treating odor from sewage pipes as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The filter element in the adsorption reaction device includes: a porous framework made of fibrous material, adsorbent particles filled in the porous framework, and a catalyst supported on the surface of the adsorbent particles; wherein, the catalyst is used to catalytically decompose the adsorbed odorous substances. The formula for calculating the theoretical stacking number N of the adsorption reaction apparatus in step S2 is as follows: N = Ceil[ (Q× (C in - C out )) / (L×η) ] + S where: Q is the odor flow rate; C in The initial concentration; C out η is the preset target outlet concentration; L is the rated processing load of a single adsorption reactor under standard conditions; η is the safety factor or dynamic decay factor; S is the number of spare modules; Ceil is the round-up function.

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