Reaction kettle and mixed reaction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a reaction kettle and a mixed reaction method, and relates to the technical field of chemical production equipment. The device mainly comprises a plurality of auxiliary shells connected with a main shell, a plunger conveying mechanism, a conveying and stirring mechanism, a middle mixing barrel, an opening mixing column, a stirring rod, a variable-diameter driving frame, a spiral adjusting mechanism, a tension transmission mechanism and a plurality of groups of extrusion holes with different specifications. According to the scheme, two mixing modes of plunger extrusion and rotary stirring are matched, so that the mixing efficiency is higher, meanwhile, mixing can be more sufficient, the device is suitable for mixing scenes of raw materials of different types, different densities and viscosities and is also suitable for mixing scenes of viscous raw materials and powder, and full mixing without wrapping can be achieved. The reaction mixing capacity is high, the application range is wide, and the problems that in the prior art, the mixing sufficient degree is low, and the applicable reaction raw material condition is single are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical production equipment technology, and in particular to a reaction vessel and a mixing reaction method. Background Technology

[0002] Reactors are frequently used equipment in the production of chemical products. Raw materials undergo physical or chemical reactions within the reactor under specific temperature and pressure to synthesize products. The completeness of the reaction largely depends on the contact time between different materials and, more importantly, the uniformity of the mixing. However, existing reactors typically utilize a stirring shaft that rotates continuously in one direction for a certain period. The reactants essentially flow together as a whole under the propulsion of the stirring paddle, resulting in low contact probability and short contact time, making it difficult to achieve uniform mixing in a short time. Therefore, improving the mixing efficiency and completeness of raw materials is a technical problem that modern reactors need to solve. Especially when mixing viscous raw materials and powders into the reactor, the powder is easily carried along by the viscous material, making it difficult for existing reactors to fully mix such materials, leading to incomplete mixing and thus compromising the quality of the final product. For example, the stirred reactor disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN105664822A and the combined stirred reactor disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN113477207A both simply mix raw materials by stirring. This design is not applicable to a variety of reaction scenarios and is prone to uneven mixing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology, this invention proposes a reaction vessel and a mixing reaction method, which solves the problems of low mixing adequacy and limited applicable reaction raw material conditions in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: A reaction vessel includes a main shell, with several secondary shells evenly spaced around the main shell. The secondary shells are connected to the main shell, and feeding and discharging systems are fitted onto the main shell and secondary shells. The bottom of the main shell has a constricted portion, the bottom of which is connected to the input ends of several plunger conveying mechanisms. A conveying and stirring mechanism is rotatably installed inside the constricted portion. The conveying and stirring mechanism and the several plunger conveying mechanisms are all connected to a first driving device located at the bottom of the constricted portion via a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism coordinates the rotation of the conveying and stirring mechanism with the conveying action of the plunger conveying mechanisms. A central mixing cylinder is located at the center of the constricted portion, and the central mixing cylinder is connected to a second driving device located at the bottom of the constricted portion. The second driving device can adjust the angle of the rotating portion of the central mixing cylinder. An open mixing column is rotatably installed inside the secondary shell, and a first adjusting device is fixedly installed on the secondary shell and connected to the open mixing column. The adjusting device can adjust the circumferential rotation angle of the open mixing column; the open mixing column is equipped with a stirring rod, and the stirring rods in several sub-shells are all connected to the variable diameter drive frame. The variable diameter drive frame is driven by a spiral adjusting mechanism sleeved on the middle mixing cylinder; the spiral adjusting mechanism is driven by a second adjusting device located on the fixed part at the bottom of the middle mixing cylinder. The second adjusting device drives the spiral adjusting mechanism to adjust the radius of the variable diameter drive frame. The variable diameter drive frame is driven by a third driving device located on the main shell. The third driving device drives the variable diameter drive frame to rotate on the spiral adjusting mechanism; the variable diameter drive frame is equipped with a tension transmission mechanism driven by the stirring rod. The tension transmission mechanism is driven by a fourth driving device located on the main shell; the output end of the plunger conveying mechanism is connected to the fixed part of the sub-shell and the middle mixing cylinder respectively. The middle mixing cylinder and the open mixing column are both equipped with several sets of extrusion holes of different specifications along the circumference.

[0005] Preferably, the conveying and stirring mechanism includes a pulsator rotatably disposed in the constriction section, a plurality of material holes are provided circumferentially at the bottom of the constriction section, the material holes are connected to the input end of the plunger conveying mechanism, a plurality of blades are provided at equal intervals and inclinedly on the pulsator, and the tail of the blades is connected to a covering part that can cover the material holes.

[0006] Preferably, the plunger conveying mechanism includes a four-way connector, one end of which is connected to the cylinder and the other end is connected to the material hole. A piston is slidably provided inside the cylinder. The cylinder is fixedly connected to the support arm and rotatably connected to the cam support shaft through the support arm. One end of the cam support shaft is connected to a cam and the other end is connected to the transmission mechanism for transmission. The cam is rotatably connected to the driven arm and the driven arm is hinged to the piston. One-way valves are provided on both sides of the four-way connector and are respectively connected to the fixed part of the secondary housing and the middle mixing cylinder through the one-way valves on both sides.

[0007] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes several support frames circumferentially fixed on the bottom surface of the constricted portion, and a first drive gear ring rotatably mounted on the support frames. The first drive gear ring has inclined teeth and toroidal teeth, and the first drive gear ring is connected to a bevel gear located at the end of the cam support shaft via the inclined teeth. A first drive device is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the constricted portion and is engaged with the toroidal teeth via a gear on its output shaft. A centering gear that engages with the toroidal teeth is rotatably mounted on the support frame. A second drive gear ring is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the impeller, and a first drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the constricted portion. One end of the first drive shaft is connected to the second drive gear ring via a gear, and the other end is engaged with the output shaft of the first drive device via a first belt drive pair.

[0008] Preferably, the open mixing column includes a cylindrical trough, with a U-shaped opening groove on one side to accommodate and allow the stirring rod to enter and exit. The U-shaped opening groove extends axially through the entire cylindrical trough, and the cylindrical trough is rotatably fitted with the sub-shell. An extrusion hole is formed on the side wall of the cylindrical trough and communicates with the U-shaped opening groove. A C-shaped toothed ring is fixedly provided on the side wall of the cylindrical trough, and a groove is provided on the sub-shell to engage with the C-shaped toothed ring. A first adjusting device is fixedly provided on the side wall of the sub-shell, and the output shaft of the first adjusting device passes through the groove and engages with the C-shaped toothed ring via a gear located at the end of the output shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the spiral adjustment mechanism includes two nested structural rings on the central mixing cylinder. One structural ring has at least two sets of guide rails symmetrically arranged on its sidewall. Each set of guide rails includes two V-shaped rails symmetrically arranged vertically. The other structural ring has elongated waist holes symmetrically arranged vertically, with the number of waist holes matching the number of guide rails. The outer structural ring is fitted with two variable diameter rings arranged vertically. The inner side of the variable diameter ring is fixedly connected with variable diameter guide rods, which are the same number as the elongated waist holes and are arranged accordingly. The variable diameter guide rods slide in conjunction with the elongated waist holes and with the rails. The variable diameter drive frame is rotatably mounted on the variable diameter ring. The outer structural ring is fixedly connected to the main housing via a connecting rod. The cylindrical body is provided with a protruding ring that restricts the axial movement of the inner structural ring. The inner structural ring has an annular tooth in the middle. The middle mixing cylinder has a semi-annular opening in the middle. The annular tooth and the semi-annular opening are correspondingly arranged. The second adjusting device is fixedly installed at the bottom of the constriction section and its output shaft passes through the inside of the middle mixing cylinder. It engages with the annular tooth at the semi-annular opening via a gear on its output shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the variable diameter drive frame includes two drive rings sleeved outside the two variable diameter rings and rotatably connected to the two variable diameter rings respectively. The two drive rings are respectively hinged to one end of two sets of drive arms. The number of each set of drive arms is the same as the number of sub-shells, and the two sets of drive arms are arranged in pairs, one above the other. The other end of the two sets of drive arms is hinged to the middle of the U-shaped connecting frame. The stirring rod is rotatably located at the opening of the U-shaped connecting frame. One end of the drive arm is provided with a toothed block, and the two drive arms connected to the same stirring rod are engaged by the toothed block. The two drive rings are slidably engaged with the first mesh frame. The first mesh frame is coaxially arranged with the middle mixing cylinder and rotatably engaged with the bottom of the closing part. The first mesh frame is drively connected to the third drive device fixed on the top of the main shell. The first grid frame includes a first fixed ring that rotatably engages with the closing part. A plurality of first sliding rods are circumferentially fixed on one side of the first fixed ring. A sliding hole is circumferentially opened on the drive ring, and the sliding hole and the first sliding rod are slidably engaged. The other end of the first sliding rod is connected to the third drive gear ring. The output shaft end of the third drive device is provided with a gear and is connected to the third drive gear ring through the gear. A support rod is fixedly provided on the top of the main housing. A grooved wheel is rotatably provided at the end of the support rod. The grooved wheel engages with the third drive gear ring and is respectively provided on both sides of the third drive gear ring corresponding to the gear on the output shaft of the third drive device.

[0011] Preferably, the tension transmission mechanism includes two first rotating rods on both sides of the rotating U-shaped connecting frame, and both ends of the two first rotating rods are connected to the end of the stirring rod through a first belt drive pair. The drive ring has several pairs of horn blocks circumferentially arranged, the number of pairs of horn blocks being the same as the number of sub-shells. The drive arm is hinged between each pair of horn blocks. One of the horn blocks in each pair is connected to an arc-shaped block. An arc-shaped elongated waist hole is opened on the arc-shaped elongated waist hole, and an arc-shaped guide rod is arranged inside the arc-shaped elongated waist hole. A cylindrical slider is slidably arranged on the arc-shaped guide rod, and a guide wheel is rotatably arranged on the cylindrical slider. A spring is sleeved on the arc-shaped guide rod, and the spring is located between the cylindrical slider and the end of the arc-shaped elongated waist hole. At least one guide wheel is rotatably arranged on each horn block. Two synchronous wheels are vertically slidably arranged on each first rotating rod, and the synchronous wheels can drive the first rotating rod to rotate. The two synchronous wheels on each first rotating rod are at the same height as the guide wheels connected to the two drive rings. The synchronous wheels on the two first rotating rods corresponding to each stirring rod, the guide wheels on the corresponding horn blocks, and the guide wheels on the cylindrical sliders are connected by a synchronous belt drive. Each pair of bullhorn blocks has a guide wheel that slides coaxially with and is connected to the second rotating rod, and the second rotating rod can drive the guide wheel to rotate. The bottom of the second rotating rod is fixedly connected to the second fixed ring. The second fixed ring is rotatably engaged with the constriction part. A gear is fixedly provided on the top of the second rotating rod. A fourth drive gear ring is rotatably provided on the top of the main housing. The fourth drive gear ring is connected to the gear provided on the top of the second rotating rod. A gear is provided on the output shaft of the fourth drive device and is connected to the fourth drive gear ring through the gear.

[0012] Preferably, the stirring rod includes a main shaft with helical blades, and the connection area between the secondary housing and the main housing has an opening to allow the variable diameter drive frame to enter and exit; the rotating part of the middle mixing cylinder includes a cylindrical body, and the fixed part includes a mixing chamber. The bottom of the cylindrical body has an opening and a fifth drive gear ring is provided at the outer edge of the opening. The fifth drive gear ring is connected to the second drive device. The cylindrical body is rotatably engaged with the constricted part, and the bottom of the cylindrical body is rotatably engaged with the mixing chamber fixed on the constricted part and the two are connected. The mixing chamber is connected to the output end of the plunger conveying mechanism; extrusion holes are respectively opened on the cylindrical body above and below the structural ring. The feeding and discharging system includes a first feed port on the sub-shell, a second feed port on the main shell, a first discharge port at the bottom of the mixing hopper, the bottom of the sub-shell connected to the upper end of a three-way connector, the middle port of the three-way connector connected to a plunger conveying mechanism, and the lower end of the three-way connector connected to the second discharge port; each of the first feed port, second feed port, first discharge port, and second discharge port is equipped with a solenoid valve; the first drive device, second drive device, first adjustment device, second adjustment device, third drive device, and fourth drive device are all servo motors.

[0013] A method for mixing powder and viscous raw materials using the above-mentioned reaction vessel includes the following steps: Step 1: Feeding and Preliminary Mixing: Move the stirring rod to its initial position within the open mixing column. The first adjusting device rotates the open mixing column to align the U-shaped opening groove with the first feed inlet. Add the viscous material through the second feed inlet on the main housing. Then, activate the second drive device. The second drive device, through a transmission mechanism, drives the plunger conveying mechanism and the conveying and stirring mechanism to move synchronously, conveying the viscous material in the main housing into the plunger conveying mechanism. The plunger conveying mechanism synchronously distributes the viscous material to the open mixing columns and the central mixing cylinder in multiple sub-housings, and then squeezes it into the main housing through the extrusion holes on both. Simultaneously, activate the fourth drive device, which rotates the stirring rod. Once more than half of the viscous material has been added, add the powder through the first feed inlet to the U-shaped opening groove. As the stirring rod rotates, the powder and the viscous material in the U-shaped opening groove undergo preliminary mixing, and the powder is squeezed into the main housing as the plunger conveying mechanism continues to convey it.

[0014] Step Two: Thorough Mixing: The first adjusting device aligns the U-shaped opening groove with the connecting portion between the sub-shell and the main shell. The second adjusting device then operates, causing the variable-diameter drive frame to retract under the action of the spiral adjusting mechanism, moving the stirring rod into the main shell. The first adjusting device continuously adjusts the angle of the opening mixing column, constantly switching between different specifications of extrusion holes corresponding to the connecting portion between the sub-shell and the main shell. This allows the pre-mixed raw materials to enter the main shell through extrusion holes of different specifications. Simultaneously, the central mixing cylinder continuously feeds the pre-mixed raw materials into the main shell. The second driving device is then activated, continuously adjusting the angle of the central mixing cylinder to control the orientation of its extrusion holes. The third driving device is then activated, causing the stirring rod to rotate within the main shell. The fourth driving device causes the stirring rod to rotate on its own axis. Simultaneously, the second adjusting device drives the spiral adjusting mechanism to continuously change the stirring radius of the stirring rod within the main shell, ultimately achieving a thorough mixing reaction.

[0015] Step 3: Discharge: After the mixing reaction is completed, the first adjusting device aligns the U-shaped opening groove with the part connecting the secondary shell and the main shell, moves the stirring rod into the U-shaped opening groove, and the opening direction of the U-shaped opening groove faces the main shell to facilitate the entry of the mixed raw materials. The second discharge port connected to the secondary shell is opened, and at the same time, the fourth driving device drives the stirring rod to rotate so that it drives the raw materials to be conveyed downward, so as to promote the rapid output of the mixed raw materials.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: By setting up an infeed / discharge system, raw materials can be added or mixed materials can be discharged during use. A plunger conveying mechanism allows raw materials to be input through the constriction section, conveyed to the secondary housing and central mixing cylinder via the plunger, and then extruded into the main housing through extrusion holes on the open mixing column in the secondary housing for mixing. Simultaneously, raw materials can also enter the main housing through extrusion holes on the central mixing cylinder for further mixing. A second drive device can rotate the central mixing cylinder slightly, and a first adjustment device can rotate the open mixing column slightly, thereby switching to different sizes of extrusion holes. Materials are extruded into the main housing from holes of different heights, angles, and paths, ultimately improving the uniformity of the mixture and preventing dead zones and material entrainment, resulting in more thorough mixing. Furthermore, the plunger conveying method can meet the mixing needs of viscous raw materials and can be combined with stirring to avoid situations where excessively viscous materials cannot be fully mixed by stirring alone. The tension transmission mechanism can transmit the power of the fourth drive device to the stirring rod, thereby driving the stirring rod to rotate and realizing the dual rotation stirring function. That is, the stirring rod rotates itself to stir, and at the same time, the stirring rod revolves around the central mixing cylinder under the rotation of the variable diameter drive frame. The combination of revolution and rotation results in better mixing effect and stronger ability to adapt to different mixing reaction conditions.

[0017] This solution combines plunger extrusion and rotary mixing, resulting in higher mixing efficiency and more thorough mixing. It is suitable for mixing raw materials of different types, densities, and viscosities, and is also applicable to mixing viscous materials with powders, ensuring thorough mixing without entrainment. This solution boasts strong mixing capabilities and a wide range of applications, solving the problems of low mixing thoroughness and limited applicability to specific reaction conditions in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bottom three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the conveying and stirring mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the plunger conveying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying and stirring mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the screw adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the variable diameter ring structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the open mixing column structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral adjustment mechanism, the variable diameter drive frame, and the tension transmission mechanism of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the top transmission structure of the variable diameter drive frame and tension transmission mechanism of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the tension transmission mechanism of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the driving ring structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in Embodiment 1, a reaction vessel includes a main shell 1. Several secondary shells 2 are evenly spaced around the main shell 1, and the secondary shells 2 are connected to the main shell 1. Feeding and discharging systems are fitted onto the main shell 1 and secondary shells 2, allowing for the addition of raw materials or the discharge of mixed materials during use. The bottom of the main shell 1 has a constriction section 3. In this embodiment, the constriction section is an annular groove with a trapezoidal cross-section, a circular hole at its center, and an installation ring 100 at the opening. The bottom of the constriction section 3 is connected to the input end of several plunger conveying mechanisms 4. In this embodiment, four secondary shells 2 are evenly spaced around the outside of the main shell 1, and the main shell and secondary shells are connected. Eight sets of plunger conveying mechanisms are arranged in pairs around the bottom of the constriction section 3. All eight sets of plunger conveying mechanisms 4 are connected to a first driving device 5 located at the bottom of the constriction section 3 via a transmission mechanism. A conveying and stirring mechanism 6 is rotatably installed inside the constriction section 3. The conveying and stirring mechanism 6 is connected to the first driving device 5 via a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism enables the rotation of the conveying and stirring mechanism 6 to coordinate with the conveying action of the plunger conveying mechanism 4. In this embodiment, under the action of the transmission mechanism, the first driving device 5 can drive the conveying and stirring mechanism to rotate, and simultaneously drive the 8 sets of plunger mechanisms to perform plunger conveying actions in coordination.

[0022] A central mixing cylinder 7 is provided at the center of the closing section 3. The central mixing cylinder 7 is connected to a second driving device 8 located at the bottom of the closing section 3. The second driving device 8 can adjust the angle of the rotating part of the central mixing cylinder 7. Specifically, the central mixing cylinder is located at the opening at the center of the closing section, inside the mounting ring 100, and rotatably connected to the mounting ring 100.

[0023] An open mixing column 9 is rotatably mounted inside the sub-shell 2. A first adjusting device 10 is fixedly mounted on each sub-shell 2, and the first adjusting device 10 is drive-connected to the open mixing column. The circumferential rotation angle of the open mixing column 9 can be adjusted via the first adjusting device. A stirring rod 11 is mounted inside the open mixing column 9, and each stirring rod 11 is connected to a variable diameter drive frame 12. In this embodiment, four stirring rods 11 are provided, and each stirring rod 11 is connected to a variable diameter drive frame 12 mounted on the central mixing cylinder. This allows the variable diameter drive frame to drive the stirring rods through the opening of the open mixing column, switching between the main shell and the sub-shell. Furthermore, the variable diameter drive frame 12 is drive-connected to a spiral adjusting mechanism 13 mounted on the central mixing cylinder 7. The spiral adjustment mechanism 13 is connected to the second adjustment device 14 located on the fixed part at the bottom of the central mixing cylinder 7. The second adjustment device 14 drives the spiral adjustment mechanism 13 to change the radius of the variable diameter drive frame 12, thereby changing the distance between the stirring rod and the central mixing cylinder during the mixing process, making the mixing more uniform. The variable diameter drive frame 12 is connected to the third drive device 15 located on the main housing 1. The third drive device 15 drives the variable diameter drive frame 12 to rotate on the spiral adjustment mechanism 13. When the stirring rod 11 changes the radius of the variable diameter drive frame through the spiral adjustment mechanism 13 and enters the main housing through the sub-housing, the third drive device 15 drives the variable diameter drive frame 12 to rotate, thereby driving the four stirring rods to rotate along the central mixing cylinder inside the main housing, realizing the conventional rotary stirring action, and adapting to the needs of conventional rotary stirring scenarios within the main housing. As a further optional solution, a limit sensor corresponding to the sub-housing is installed on the main housing. The limit sensor can be triggered after the stirring rod rotates to the position of entering or exiting the sub-housing, thereby playing a positioning role.

[0024] The variable-diameter drive frame 12 is equipped with a tension transmission mechanism 16 that is connected to the stirring rod 11. The tension transmission mechanism 16 is also connected to the fourth drive device 17 located on the main housing 1. The tension transmission mechanism 16 can transmit the power of the fourth drive device 17 to the stirring rod 11, thereby driving the stirring rod 11 to rotate. This achieves a dual-rotation stirring function: the stirring rod rotates on its own to stir, while simultaneously revolving around the central mixing cylinder under the rotation of the variable-diameter drive frame. The combination of revolution and rotation results in better mixing and a stronger ability to adapt to different mixing reaction conditions.

[0025] The output end of the plunger conveying mechanism 4 is connected to the fixed parts of the secondary housing 2 and the middle mixing cylinder 7, respectively. Both the middle mixing cylinder 7 and the open mixing column 9 are provided with several sets of extrusion holes 18 of different specifications along the circumference. By setting up the plunger conveying mechanism, raw materials can be input through the constriction section, conveyed to the secondary housing and the middle mixing cylinder by the plunger, and then squeezed into the main housing for mixing through the extrusion holes on the open mixing column in the secondary housing. Simultaneously, they enter the main housing for mixing through the extrusion holes on the middle mixing cylinder. The second driving device 8 can drive the middle mixing cylinder to rotate slightly, and the first adjusting device 10 can drive the open mixing column 9 to rotate slightly, thereby switching to extrusion holes of different specifications. The raw materials are squeezed into the main housing from extrusion holes of different heights, angles, and paths, ultimately improving the uniformity of mixing, avoiding dead zones and the phenomenon of raw material being trapped, and making the mixing more thorough. Meanwhile, the plunger delivery method can meet the needs of conveying and mixing viscous raw materials, and can be combined with stirring to avoid the problem that the viscosity is too high and it is not easy to mix it fully by stirring alone.

[0026] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown in Figure 7, in Embodiment 2, based on Embodiment 1, the conveying and stirring mechanism 6 includes a pulsator 19 rotatably disposed within the constricting portion 3. The pulsator is sleeved outside the mounting ring 100. Several material holes 20 are circumferentially opened at the bottom of the constricting portion 3, and the material holes 20 are connected to the input end of the plunger conveying mechanism 4. Several blades 21 are inclined at equal intervals on the pulsator 19, and the tail of each blade 21 is connected to a covering portion 22 capable of covering the material holes 20. In this embodiment, a total of 8 material holes are provided, arranged in pairs at equal intervals at the bottom of the constricting portion. A total of four blades are provided, symmetrically arranged around the pulsator. The covering portion can fit against the inner surface of the constricting portion, and as the blades rotate, each covering portion can simultaneously cover a pair of material holes 20. The inclined arrangement of the blades facilitates the downward pressure and guidance of material into the material holes as the blades rotate, corresponding to the feeding process of the plunger conveying mechanism. As a further solution, reinforcing ribs are provided between the covering portion and the blades to improve the structural rigidity.

[0027] Furthermore, the plunger conveying mechanism 4 includes a four-way connector 23. One end of the four-way connector 23 is connected to the cylinder 24, and the other end is connected to the material hole 20. A piston 25 is slidably disposed inside the cylinder 24. The cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to the support arm 26 and rotatably connected to the cam support shaft through the support arm 26. One end of the cam support shaft is connected to a cam 27, and the other end is connected to the transmission mechanism for transmission. The cam 27 is rotatably connected to the driven arm 28, and the driven arm 28 is hinged to the piston 25. One-way valves 29 are provided on both sides of the four-way connector 23, and are respectively connected to the secondary housing 2 and the central mixing cylinder 7 through the one-way valves 29 on both sides. The one-way valves can prevent material from flowing back from the central mixing cylinder and the secondary housing to the four-way connector 23. Initially, the hinge point between cam 27 and driven arm 28 is closest to the four-way connector 23, and cylinder 24 is completely closed. At this time, the cover 22 does not cover the feed hole 20. When the transmission mechanism drives the cam support shaft to rotate, cam 27 rotates accordingly. At this time, driven by driven arm 28, piston 25 moves away from the four-way connector 23. Simultaneously, as blade 21 rotates, the raw material is pushed into the feed hole 20 by the inclined blade and its own gravity. As piston 25 moves down, it gradually draws in material, filling the four-way connector and the inside of cylinder. When the piston moves to its farthest point, the hinge point between cam and driven arm is furthest from the four-way connector, and the cover completely covers the feed hole. Subsequently, when cam drives driven arm to rotate, piston pushes the raw material in cylinder through the one-way valves on both sides and squeezes it out.

[0028] In Example 3, based on Example 2, the transmission mechanism includes several support frames 30 circumferentially fixed to the bottom surface of the constriction portion 3. In this example, a total of 8 support frames are provided, all of which are fixedly connected to the constriction portion. A first drive gear ring 31 is rotatably mounted on each of the 8 support frames 30. The first drive gear ring 31 is coaxially arranged with the mounting ring 100, and the support frames serve to vertically limit the first drive gear ring 31. The first drive gear ring 31 has inclined teeth 32 and toroidal teeth 33, and is connected to the bevel gear 34 at the end of the cam support shaft via the inclined teeth 32. The first drive device 5 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the constriction portion 3 and engages with the toroidal teeth 33 via a gear on its output shaft. A centering gear 35 that engages with the toroidal teeth 33 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 30. By providing the centering gear 35, the horizontal displacement of the first drive gear ring 31 can be limited, allowing it to rotate only around its axis.

[0029] In addition, a second drive gear ring 36 is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the impeller 19, and a first drive shaft 37 is rotatably mounted on the constriction section 3. One end of the first drive shaft 37 is connected to the second drive gear ring 36 via a gear, and the other end passes through the constriction section and is connected to the output shaft of the first drive device 5 via a first belt drive pair 38. The blades 21 have openings to prevent collision with the gears during rotation. In use, the rotation of the first drive device 5 synchronously drives the first drive gear ring 36 to rotate, and at the same time drives the first drive shaft to rotate via the first belt drive pair 38. The first drive shaft 37 passes through the constriction section 3 and drives the second drive gear ring 36 to rotate, thereby synchronously driving the impeller 19 and the blades 21 on it to rotate. During installation, the initial posture of the eight plunger conveying mechanisms is adjusted so that their extrusion action and suction process match the rotation position of the blades 21, so that along the rotation direction of the blades 21, the eight plunger conveying mechanisms start the plunger conveying process in pairs in turn, resulting in a more stable and uniform conveying effect.

[0030] like Figure 11 As shown in Example 4, based on Example 3, the open mixing column 9 includes a cylindrical trough. A U-shaped opening trough 39 is provided on one side of the cylindrical trough to accommodate and allow the stirring rod 11 to enter and exit. The U-shaped opening trough 39 extends axially through the entire cylindrical trough, and the cylindrical trough is rotatably fitted with the sub-shell 2. An extrusion hole 18 is formed on the side wall of the cylindrical trough and communicates with the U-shaped opening trough 39.

[0031] A C-shaped toothed ring 40 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the cylindrical tank. A groove 41, which mates with the C-shaped toothed ring 40, is provided on the sub-shell 2. The C-shaped toothed ring engages with the groove to restrict the vertical displacement of the cylindrical tank. A first adjusting device 10 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the sub-shell 2, and its output shaft passes through the groove 41. It engages with the C-shaped toothed ring 40 via a gear located at the end of the output shaft. When it is necessary to adjust the orientation and specifications of the extrusion hole 18, or when the stirring rod enters or exits the U-shaped opening groove 39, or when material is fed or discharged through the feeding / discharging system, the output shaft of the first adjusting device rotates, driving the C-shaped toothed ring to rotate via the gear, thereby changing the orientation of the U-shaped opening groove 39.

[0032] like Figure 8 , 9As shown in Figure 10, in Embodiment 5, based on Embodiment 4, the spiral adjustment mechanism 13 includes two nested structural rings 42 arranged on the central mixing cylinder 7. At least two sets of guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the sidewall of one of the structural rings 42. Each set of guide rails includes two V-shaped rails symmetrically arranged vertically. In this embodiment, a total of four sets of guide rails are provided, symmetrically arranged on the outer sidewall of the structural ring. Elongated waist holes 44 are symmetrically arranged on the inner structural ring 42. The elongated waist holes 44 are vertically arranged and the number is the same as the number of guide rails. In this embodiment, a total of four elongated waist holes are provided. Two variable diameter rings 45 are fitted around the outer structural ring 42, arranged vertically. Variable diameter guide rods 46, the same number as the elongated waist holes 44 and corresponding to them, are fixedly connected to the inner side of the variable diameter rings 45. The variable diameter guide rods 46 slide in conjunction with the elongated waist holes 44 and with the rails 43. In this embodiment, four variable diameter guide rods 46 are provided, which are circumferentially spaced on the inner ring surface of the variable diameter ring 45. Each variable diameter guide rod 46 is arranged radially along the variable diameter ring 45. The variable diameter drive frame 12 is rotatably mounted on the variable diameter ring 45. In this embodiment, the outer ring surface of the variable diameter ring 45 is provided with an annular groove that restricts the vertical movement of the variable diameter drive frame 12. The variable diameter drive frame is rotatably mounted in the annular groove. When the variable diameter ring moves vertically, it can drive the variable diameter drive frame to move vertically under the action of the annular groove.

[0033] In addition, the outer structural ring 42 is fixedly connected to the main housing 1 via connecting rods 47. In this embodiment, it is preferable to connect it to the top of the main housing via four rectangular connecting rods 47. The structural ring 42 is not a primary load-bearing structure; it only needs to provide a force to prevent torsion on the outer structural ring 42 and a supporting force for the variable diameter drive frame and its components. The middle mixing cylinder 7 is provided with a convex ring 77 to restrict the axial movement of the inner structural ring 42. The extrusion holes are located on the exposed sidewalls of the middle mixing cylinder above and below the structural rings. The inner structural ring 42 of the two structural rings is provided with an annular tooth 48 in the middle of its inner side. The middle mixing cylinder 7 has a semi-annular opening 49 in the middle, with the annular tooth 48 corresponding to the semi-annular opening 49. The semi-annular opening provides space for the annular tooth 48 and gear transmission when the middle mixing cylinder rotates slightly to change the orientation of its extrusion holes, thus preventing the annular tooth 48 and gear from affecting the rotation of the middle mixing cylinder. The second adjusting device 14 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the constriction section 3, and its output shaft passes through the interior of the middle mixing cylinder 7. It engages with the annular gear 48 at the semi-annular opening 49 via a gear on its output shaft. As a further optional solution, a stabilizing block 103 is provided at the semi-annular opening of the middle mixing cylinder. The stabilizing block 103 has an arc-shaped elongated waist hole 104, the length of which is the same as the length of the semi-annular opening. The output shaft of the second adjusting device 14 is connected to a connecting shaft 105. The connecting shaft 105 is fitted inside the arc-shaped elongated waist hole and has a gear at its end, which engages with the annular gear 48.

[0034] When the radius of the variable diameter drive frame needs to be changed, the output shaft of the second adjusting device 14 rotates and drives the inner structural ring 42 to rotate through the gear and the ring tooth 48. The inner structural ring drives the variable diameter ring 45 to rotate through the long waist hole and the variable diameter guide rod 46. The variable diameter guide rod moves along the track under the guidance of the fixed track 43 and the limiting effect of the long waist hole, so that the two variable diameter rings move relative to each other or in opposite directions in the vertical direction. As the two variable diameter rings move closer or further away, the radius of the variable diameter drive frame is changed.

[0035] like Figure 12 , 13 As shown in Embodiment 6, based on Embodiment 5, the variable diameter drive frame 12 includes two drive rings 50 respectively sleeved on the outside of two variable diameter rings 45 and rotatably connected to the two variable diameter rings 45. The two drive rings 50 are respectively hinged to one end of two sets of drive arms 51. The number of each set of drive arms 51 is the same as the number of sub-shells 2, and the two sets of drive arms 51 are arranged in pairs, one above the other. This embodiment has a total of eight drive arms, which are symmetrically and circumferentially hinged to the drive rings 50 in pairs. The other end of each pair of drive arms 51 is vertically hinged to the middle of a U-shaped connecting frame 52. The stirring rod 11 is rotatably positioned at the opening of the U-shaped connecting frame 52. One end of each drive arm 51 is provided with a toothed block 53. Two drive arms 51 connected to the same stirring rod 52 are engaged by the toothed block 53. By setting the toothed block, the opening process of the two drive arms can be synchronized and symmetrical, preventing the U-shaped connecting frame connected to them from tilting. Two drive rings 50 are slidably engaged with the first mesh frame 54. The first mesh frame 54 is coaxially arranged with the central mixing cylinder 7 and its bottom is rotatably engaged with the mounting ring 100 of the constriction section 3. The first mesh frame 54 is connected to the third drive device 15 fixedly mounted on the top of the main housing 1. The third drive device 15 can drive the first mesh frame to rotate, thereby driving the entire variable diameter drive frame to rotate on the variable diameter ring 45. The slidable engagement between the two drive rings 50 and the first mesh frame 54 satisfies both the requirement that the drive rings 50 on the variable diameter ring 45 can slide vertically along the first mesh frame 54 when the distance between the variable diameter rings 45 is adjusted, and the requirement that the drive rings 50 can rotate with the rotation of the first mesh frame.

[0036] When the two variable diameter rings approach each other, one end of each of the two pairs of vertical drive arms approaches each other, and the toothed blocks at the other end rotate around their hinged parts. That is, when the lower base of the isosceles trapezoid formed by the two drive arms as the waist and the vertical height between the two ends of the two drive arms as the upper and lower bases, the lower base becomes shorter, while the upper base and waist length remain unchanged, and the height of the isosceles trapezoid increases. Thus, when the variable diameter rings approach each other, the stirring rod moves away from the central mixing cylinder, and when the variable diameter rings move away from each other, the stirring rod moves closer to the central mixing cylinder, thereby changing the radius of revolution of the stirring rod around the central mixing cylinder.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first mesh frame 54 includes a first fixing ring 55 that rotatably engages with the constriction portion 3. A plurality of first sliding rods 56 are circumferentially fixed on one side of the first fixing ring 55. In this embodiment, eight first sliding rods are provided, which can achieve a stable transmission effect and stable support capacity. The drive ring 50 has a circumferentially opened sliding hole 60, which slidably engages with the first sliding rods 56, thereby ensuring that the drive ring 50 can slide along the first sliding rods 56 when it moves vertically with the variable diameter ring 45. The other end of the first sliding rod 56 is connected to the third drive gear ring 57. The output shaft end of the third drive device 15 is provided with a gear and is connected to the third drive gear ring 57 via the gear. A support rod 58 is fixedly provided on the top of the main housing 1. A grooved wheel 59 is rotatably provided at the end of the support rod 58. The grooved wheel 59 engages with the third drive gear ring 57, and the grooved wheel 59 and the gear on the output shaft of the third drive device 15 are respectively located on both sides of the third drive gear ring 57. The corresponding arrangement of the grooved wheel and the gear can improve the transmission stability between the gear and the third drive gear ring.

[0038] When it is necessary to drive the variable diameter drive frame to rotate, the output shaft of the third drive device rotates, which drives the third drive gear ring 57 to rotate through the gear, and then drives the drive ring 50 to rotate through the first slide rod 56. The drive ring 50 synchronously drives the drive arm 51, the U-shaped connecting frame 52 connected to the drive arm 51, and the stirring rod 11 on the U-shaped connecting frame to rotate, thereby achieving more thorough mixing.

[0039] like Figure 14 , 15 As shown in Embodiment 7, based on Embodiment 6, the tension transmission mechanism 16 includes two first rotating rods 61 rotatably mounted on both sides of the U-shaped connecting frame 52. Both ends of the two first rotating rods 61 are connected to the end of the stirring rod 11 via a first belt drive pair 62. This ensures that the stirring rod rotates synchronously when the first rotating rods 61 rotate.

[0040] The drive ring 50 has several pairs of horn blocks 63 arranged circumferentially. The number of pairs of horn blocks 63 is the same as the number of sub-shells 2. The drive arm 51 is hinged between the two horn blocks of each pair of horn blocks 63. In this embodiment, a total of four pairs of horn blocks are arranged. One of the horn blocks 63 in each pair is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped block 64. In this embodiment, to increase the structural rigidity, the two ends of the arc-shaped block are connected to the adjacent horn blocks respectively. The arc-shaped block 64 has an arc-shaped elongated waist hole 65. An arc-shaped guide rod 66 is provided in the arc-shaped elongated waist hole 65. A cylindrical slider 67 is slidably arranged on the arc-shaped guide rod 66. A guide wheel is rotatably arranged on the cylindrical slider 67. A spring 68 is sleeved on the arc-shaped guide rod 66 and the spring 68 is located between the cylindrical slider 67 and the end of the arc-shaped elongated waist hole 65. When the spring 68 is in normal extension, the cylindrical slider is located at the end of the arc-shaped elongated waist hole 65 away from the horn block it is paired with. Each horn block 63 is rotatably equipped with at least one guide wheel, and each first rotating rod 61 is vertically slidably equipped with two synchronous wheels. The two synchronous wheels are at the same height as the guide wheels connected to the two drive rings 50. The synchronous wheels on the two first rotating rods 61 corresponding to each stirring rod 11, the guide wheels on the corresponding pair of horn blocks 63, and the guide wheels on the cylindrical slider 67 are connected by a synchronous belt drive.

[0041] In this embodiment, one guide wheel is provided on one of the bull horn blocks 63 in each pair of bull horn blocks, and two guide wheels are provided on the other bull horn block. The three guide wheels on each pair of bull horn blocks, the guide wheel on the cylindrical slider 67 on the arc-shaped block 64 connected to one of the bull horn blocks 63, and the synchronous pulleys at the same height on the two first rotating rods 61 are rotatably connected by a synchronous belt to form a belt drive mechanism. That is, a total of four sets of belt drive mechanisms are provided on each drive ring. Under the action of the spring 68, the synchronous belt remains taut to maintain the transmission effect when the radius of the variable diameter drive frame 12 changes. In each pair of bullhorn blocks 63, one guide wheel slides coaxially with and is connected to the second rotating rod 69, and the second rotating rod 69 can drive the guide wheel to rotate. The bottom of the second rotating rod 69 is rotatably connected to the second fixed ring 70, and the second fixed ring 70 is rotatably engaged with the constriction part 3. A gear is fixedly provided on the top of the second rotating rod 69, and a fourth driving gear ring 72 is rotatably provided on the top of the main housing 1. The fourth driving gear ring 72 is connected to the gear provided on the top of the second rotating rod 69. A gear is provided on the output shaft of the fourth driving device 17 and is connected to the fourth driving gear ring 72 through the gear. In this embodiment, the fourth driving gear ring 72 is a double-sided gear ring, that is, both the inner and outer ring surfaces are provided with transmission teeth. The gear of the fourth driving device and the gear on the top of the second rotating rod 69 respectively engage with the transmission teeth on both sides of the fourth driving gear ring 72 for transmission.

[0042] As an optional solution, the upper parts of the four second rotating rods are all rotatably connected to the stabilizing ring 71 to improve the reliability and stability of the transmission. Six columns 106 are fixedly arranged at equal intervals around the top of the main housing relative to the central mixing cylinder 7. The first double-layer grooved wheel 107 is rotatably mounted on the column 106. The fourth drive gear ring 72 and the stabilizing ring 71 are respectively rotatably engaged with the first double-layer grooved wheel 107. Thus, under the restrictive rotation of the six first double-layer grooved wheels 107, the fourth drive gear ring 72 and the stabilizing ring 71 can only rotate coaxially with the central mixing cylinder. The first layer of grooved wheel that engages with the outer ring surface of the first double-layer grooved wheel is a toothed synchronous wheel, and the first layer of grooved wheel that engages with the outer ring surface of the stabilizing ring is a smooth synchronous wheel.

[0043] When it is necessary to drive the stirring rod 11 to rotate, the output shaft of the fourth driving device 17 rotates and drives the fourth driving gear ring 72 to rotate through the gear. At the same time, the fourth driving gear ring 72 is engaged with the gear transmission at the ends of the four second rotating rods 69, driving the four second rotating rods 69 to rotate synchronously. The four second rotating rods drive the first rotating rod 61 to rotate through four belt transmission mechanisms, ultimately achieving the purpose of the first rotating rod 61 driving the stirring rod to rotate through the first belt transmission pair 62.

[0044] In Example 8, based on Example 7, the stirring rod 11 is provided with a spiral blade 73, and an opening is provided in the connection area between the secondary housing 2 and the main housing 1 to allow the variable diameter drive frame 12 to enter and exit. As an optional solution, a baffle is hinged at the opening, and a torsion spring is provided between the baffle and the secondary housing at the opening. The hinged baffle allows the U-shaped connecting frame of the variable diameter drive frame to push the baffle open when it enters and exits the connection part of the stirring rod from the opening. The torsion spring allows the stirring rod to automatically close the opening after entering the main housing, preventing the material in the secondary housing from being directly squeezed out through the opening.

[0045] The rotating part of the central mixing cylinder 7 includes a cylindrical body, and the fixed part includes a mixing chamber 76. The cylindrical body is rotatably mounted inside the mounting ring 100. The bottom of the cylindrical body has an opening, and a fifth drive gear ring 75 is located at the outer edge of the opening. The fifth drive gear ring 75 is connected to the second drive device 8, which is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the constriction section. The second drive device can drive the fifth drive gear ring 75 to rotate, thereby synchronously driving the central mixing cylinder to rotate within a small range, the range of which is consistent with the range of the semi-annular opening 49. The bottom of the cylindrical body is rotatably engaged with and connected to the mixing chamber 76. The mixing chamber 76 is connected to the output end of the plunger conveying mechanism 4. The second adjusting device 14 is fixedly mounted on the mixing chamber 76 and passes through the mixing chamber. Through a gear on its output shaft, it engages with the annular gear 48 at the semi-annular opening 49. Extrusion holes 18 are respectively opened on the cylindrical body above and below the spiral adjusting mechanism 13. The extrusion orifices are set on the cylindrical body and the side wall of the open mixing column with different orifice diameters, different heights, and different densities. As the orientation changes, the orifices switch to different specifications. With the extrusion action of the plunger conveying mechanism, the material is squeezed into the main shell to achieve uniform mixing.

[0046] Example 9, based on Example 8, includes a feeding and discharging system comprising a first feed inlet 78 on the sub-shell 2, a second feed inlet 79 on the main shell, a first discharge outlet 80 at the bottom of the mixing hopper 76, and the bottom of the sub-shell 2 connected to the upper end of a three-way connector. The middle port of each three-way connector is connected to two sets of plunger conveying mechanisms 4, and the lower end of the three-way connector is connected to the second discharge outlet 81. Solenoid valves are provided on the first feed inlet 78, the second feed inlet 79, the first discharge outlet 80, and the second discharge outlet 81. The first drive device 5, the second drive device 8, the first adjustment device 10, the second adjustment device 14, the third drive device 15, and the fourth drive device 17 are all servo motors, which have better driving capability and driving precision. In this embodiment, the mounting ring 100 at the closing part is provided with four support wheel frames 101 in the circumferential direction. The support wheel frames 101 are rotatably provided with second double-layer grooved wheels 102 that carry the rotation of the first fixed ring 55 and the second fixed ring 70. The two layers of grooved wheels of the second double-layer grooved wheels 102 respectively cooperate with the outer ring surface of the first fixed ring and the inner ring surface of the second fixed ring, thereby restricting the first fixed ring 55 and the second fixed ring 70 to only be able to rotate coaxially relative to the mounting ring.

[0047] Example 10: Based on the above examples, a method for mixing powder and viscous raw materials using the reactor described in the above examples: First, the variable-diameter conveyor frame 12 expands, positioning the stirring rod 11 within the open mixing column 9. The first adjusting device 10 rotates the open mixing column 9, aligning the U-shaped opening groove 39 with the first feed inlet 78. Viscous raw materials are added through the second feed inlet 79 on the main housing 1. Then, the second driving device 8 is activated. The second driving device 8, through a transmission mechanism, synchronously drives the plunger conveying mechanism 4 and the conveying and stirring mechanism 6 to transport the viscous raw materials into the plunger conveying mechanism 4. The plunger conveying mechanism 4 synchronously distributes the viscous raw materials to the open mixing column 9 and the central mixing cylinder 7 within the secondary housing, and then extrudes them into the main housing through the extrusion holes. Simultaneously, the fourth driving device 17 is activated, rotating the stirring rod 11. Once more than half of the viscous raw materials have been added, the powder is added through the first feed inlet 78 to the U-shaped opening groove 39. As the stirring rod 11 rotates, the powder and the viscous raw materials in the U-shaped opening groove 39 undergo preliminary mixing, and the powder is extruded into the main housing as the plunger conveying mechanism 4 continues to transport the powder. Subsequently, the first adjusting device 10 aligns the U-shaped opening groove 39 with the connecting part between the sub-shell and the main shell. The second adjusting device 14 operates, causing the variable diameter drive frame 12 to retract under the action of the screw adjusting mechanism 13, moving the stirring rod 11 into the main shell. Then, the first adjusting device 10 continuously adjusts the angle of the opening mixing column 9, constantly switching between different specifications of extrusion holes corresponding to the connecting parts between the sub-shell and the main shell, so that the pre-mixed raw materials enter the main shell through extrusion holes of different specifications. During this process, the central mixing cylinder also continuously conveys the pre-mixed raw materials into the main shell. Simultaneously, the second driving device 8 is activated, continuously adjusting the angle of the central mixing cylinder 7 to control the orientation of its extrusion holes. Then, the third driving device 15 is activated, driving the stirring rod 11 to rotate within the main shell. The fourth driving device 17 drives the stirring rod 11 to rotate, while the second adjusting device 14 drives the screw adjusting mechanism 13 to continuously change the stirring radius of the stirring rod 11 within the main shell, ultimately achieving a thorough mixing reaction.

[0048] After the mixing reaction is complete, the first adjusting device 10 aligns the U-shaped opening groove 39 with the connecting portion between the secondary and primary housings, and moves the stirring rod into the U-shaped opening groove 39, with the opening of the U-shaped opening groove facing the primary housing to facilitate the entry of the mixed raw materials. The second discharge port 81 connected to the secondary housing is opened, and the stirring rod is simultaneously activated to drive the raw materials downwards, promoting rapid output of the mixed materials. Simultaneously, the first discharge port at the bottom of the mixing chamber is opened for even faster discharge.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reactor vessel comprising a main housing (1), characterized in that: The main shell (1) is provided with several sub-shells (2) at equal intervals around its circumference. The sub-shells (2) are connected to the main shell (1). The main shell (1) and the sub-shells (2) are provided with feeding and discharging systems. The bottom of the main housing (1) is provided with a constriction section (3), the bottom of the constriction section (3) is connected to the input end of several plunger conveying mechanisms (4), a conveying and stirring mechanism (6) is rotatably provided inside the constriction section (3), the conveying and stirring mechanism (6) and several plunger conveying mechanisms (4) are all connected to the first drive device (5) provided at the bottom of the constriction section (3) through a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism makes the rotation of the conveying and stirring mechanism (6) match the conveying action of the plunger conveying mechanism (4); a central mixing cylinder (7) is provided at the center of the constriction section (3), the central mixing cylinder (7) is connected to the second drive device (8) provided at the bottom of the constriction section (3), the second drive device (8) can adjust the angle of the rotating part of the central mixing cylinder (7); An open mixing column (9) is rotatably provided inside the sub-shell (2). A first adjusting device (10) is fixedly provided on the sub-shell (2) and is connected to the open mixing column (9) in a transmission manner. The first adjusting device (10) can adjust the circumferential rotation angle of the open mixing column (9). A stirring rod (11) is provided inside the open mixing column (9). The stirring rods (11) in several sub-shells (2) are all connected to the variable diameter drive frame (12). The variable diameter drive frame (12) is connected to the spiral adjusting device (12) sleeved on the middle mixing cylinder (7). The joint mechanism (13) is connected to the transmission; the screw adjustment mechanism (13) is connected to the second adjustment device (14) located at the bottom fixed part of the middle mixing cylinder (7). The second adjustment device (14) drives the screw adjustment mechanism (13) to adjust the radius of the variable diameter drive frame (12). The variable diameter drive frame (12) is connected to the third drive device (15) located on the main housing (1). The third drive device (15) drives the variable diameter drive frame (12) to rotate on the screw adjustment mechanism (13). The variable diameter drive frame (12) is provided with a tension transmission mechanism (16) that is connected to the stirring rod (11). The tension transmission mechanism (16) is connected to the fourth drive device (17) on the main housing (1). The output end of the plunger conveying mechanism (4) is connected to the fixed part of the sub-shell (2) and the middle mixing cylinder (7), respectively. The middle mixing cylinder (7) and the open mixing column (9) are provided with several sets of extrusion holes (18) of different specifications along the circumference.

2. The reactor of claim 1, wherein: The conveying and stirring mechanism (6) includes a pulsator (19) rotatably disposed in the constriction section (3). The bottom of the constriction section (3) is provided with a plurality of material holes (20) along the circumferential direction. The material holes (20) are connected to the input end of the plunger conveying mechanism (4). The pulsator (19) is provided with a plurality of blades (21) at equal intervals. The tail of the blades (21) is connected to a covering part (22) that can cover the material holes (20).

3. The reactor of claim 2, wherein: The plunger conveying mechanism (4) includes a four-way connector (23), one end of which is connected to the cylinder (24) and the other end is connected to the material hole (20). A piston (25) is slidably provided inside the cylinder (24). The cylinder (24) is fixedly connected to the support arm (26) and rotatably connected to the cam support shaft through the support arm (26). One end of the cam support shaft is connected to a cam (27) and the other end is connected to the transmission mechanism. The cam (27) is rotatably connected to the driven arm (28) and the driven arm (28) is hinged to the piston (25). One-way valves (29) are provided on both sides of the four-way connector (23), and are respectively connected to the fixed part of the sub-shell (2) and the middle mixing cylinder (7) through the one-way valves (29) on both sides.

4. The reactor of claim 3, wherein: The transmission mechanism includes several support frames (30) circumferentially fixed on the bottom surface of the constriction portion (3). A first drive gear ring (31) is rotatably mounted on the support frames (30). The first drive gear ring (31) is provided with inclined teeth (32) and toroidal teeth (33). The first drive gear ring (31) is connected to the bevel gear (34) at the end of the cam support shaft through the inclined teeth (32). The first drive device (5) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the constriction portion (3) and is connected to the toroidal teeth (33) through the gear on its output shaft. A centering gear (35) is rotatably mounted on the support frame (30) and is connected to the toroidal teeth (33). A second drive gear ring (36) is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the impeller (19). A first transmission shaft (37) is rotatably mounted on the constriction portion (3). One end of the first transmission shaft (37) is connected to the second drive gear ring (36) through the gear, and the other end is connected to the output shaft of the first drive device (5) through the first belt transmission pair (38).

5. The reaction vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The open mixing column (9) includes a cylindrical trough, and a U-shaped opening groove (39) is provided on one side of the cylindrical trough to accommodate and allow the stirring rod (11) to enter and exit. The U-shaped opening groove (39) extends through the entire cylindrical trough along the axial direction. The cylindrical trough is rotatably fitted with the sub-shell (2). An extrusion hole (18) is opened on the side wall of the cylindrical trough and communicates with the U-shaped opening groove (39). A C-shaped toothed ring (40) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the cylindrical groove. A groove (41) is provided on the sub-shell (2) to cooperate with the C-shaped toothed ring (40). The first adjustment device (10) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the sub-shell (2), and the output shaft of the first adjustment device (10) passes through the groove (41) and is driven by the gear provided at the end of the output shaft to cooperate with the C-shaped toothed ring (40).

6. The reaction vessel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spiral adjustment mechanism (13) includes two layers of structural rings (42) nested inside and outside on the middle mixing cylinder (7). One of the structural rings (42) has at least two sets of guide rails symmetrically arranged on the side wall. Each set of guide rails includes two V-shaped rails (43) symmetrically arranged vertically. The other structural ring (42) has elongated waist holes (44) symmetrically arranged vertically and the same number as the guide rails. The outer structural ring (42) is covered with two variable diameter rings (45) arranged vertically and vertically. The variable diameter rings (45) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the variable diameter rings (45) with variable diameter guide rods (46) arranged in the same number as the elongated waist holes (44). The variable diameter guide rods (46) slide with the elongated waist holes (44) and slide with the rails (43). The variable diameter drive frame (12) is rotatably mounted on the variable diameter rings (45). The outer structural ring (42) is fixedly connected to the main housing (1) through the connecting rod (47). The cylindrical body is provided with a convex ring (77) that restricts the axial movement of the inner structural ring (42). The inner structural ring (42) is provided with an annular tooth (48) in the middle. The middle mixing cylinder (7) is provided with a semi-annular opening (49). The annular tooth (48) and the semi-annular opening (49) are correspondingly arranged. The second adjusting device (14) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the constriction part (3) and its output shaft passes through the middle mixing cylinder (7). It is driven by the gear on its output shaft at the semi-annular opening (49) and the annular tooth (48).

7. The reaction vessel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The variable diameter drive frame (12) includes two drive rings (50) sleeved on the outside of the two variable diameter rings (45) and rotatably connected to the two variable diameter rings (45). The two drive rings (50) are respectively hinged to one end of two sets of drive arms (51). The number of each set of drive arms (51) is the same as the number of the sub-shell (2), and the two sets of drive arms (51) are arranged in pairs, one above the other. The other end of the two sets of drive arms (51) is hinged to the middle of the U-shaped connecting frame (52). The stirring rod (11) is rotatably mounted on the U-shaped connecting frame (52). The opening of the type connecting frame (52); one end of the drive arm (51) is provided with a toothed block (53), and the two drive arms (51) connected to the same stirring rod (52) are engaged by the toothed block (53); the two drive rings (50) are slidably engaged with the first mesh frame (54), the first mesh frame (54) is coaxially arranged with the middle mixing cylinder (7) and its bottom is rotatably engaged with the closing part (3), and the first mesh frame (54) is connected to the third drive device (15) fixed on the top of the main shell (1) for transmission; The first grid frame (54) includes a first fixed ring (55) that rotates with the closing part (3). A plurality of first sliding rods (56) are fixedly provided on one side of the first fixed ring (55). A sliding hole (60) is provided on the drive ring (50) in the circumferential direction. The sliding hole (60) and the first sliding rod (56) slide together. The other end of the first sliding rod (56) is connected to the third drive gear ring (57). The output shaft end of the third drive device (15) is provided with a gear and is connected to the third drive gear ring (57) through the gear. A support rod (58) is fixedly provided on the top of the main housing (1). A grooved wheel (59) is rotatably provided at the end of the support rod (58). The grooved wheel (59) is engaged with the third drive gear ring (57) and is respectively provided on both sides of the third drive gear ring (57) with the gear on the output shaft of the third drive device (15).

8. The reaction vessel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tension transmission mechanism (16) includes two first rotating rods (61) on both sides of the rotating U-shaped connecting frame (52), and both ends of the two first rotating rods (61) are connected to the end of the stirring rod (11) through the first belt transmission pair (62); The drive ring (50) is circumferentially provided with several pairs of bull horn blocks (63). The number of pairs of bull horn blocks (63) is the same as the number of sub-shells (2). The drive arm (51) is hinged between each pair of bull horn blocks (63). One of the bull horn blocks (63) is connected to an arc-shaped block (64). An arc-shaped elongated waist hole (65) is opened on the arc-shaped elongated waist hole (65). An arc-shaped guide rod (66) is provided in the arc-shaped elongated waist hole (65). A cylindrical slider (67) is slidably provided on the arc-shaped guide rod (66). A guide wheel is rotatably provided on the cylindrical slider (67). A spring (68) is sleeved on the arc-shaped guide rod (66) and the spring (68) is located in the circle. Between the ends of the cylindrical slider (67) and the arc-shaped elongated waist hole (65), each horn block (63) is provided with at least one guide wheel, and each first rotating rod (61) is provided with two synchronous wheels that slide vertically, and the synchronous wheels can drive the first rotating rod (61) to rotate. The two synchronous wheels on each first rotating rod (61) are at the same height as the guide wheels connected to the two drive rings (50). The synchronous wheels on the two first rotating rods (61) corresponding to each stirring rod (11), the guide wheels on the corresponding horn blocks (63), and the guide wheels on the cylindrical slider (67) are connected by a synchronous belt drive. Any guide wheel on each pair of bull horn blocks (63) slides coaxially with the second rotating rod (69) and the second rotating rod (69) can drive the guide wheel to rotate. The bottom of the second rotating rod (69) is fixedly connected to the second fixed ring (70). The second fixed ring (70) is rotatably engaged with the closing part (3). A gear is fixedly provided on the top of the second rotating rod (69). A fourth driving gear ring (72) is rotatably provided on the top of the main housing (1). The fourth driving gear ring (72) is connected to the gear on the top of the second rotating rod (69). A gear is provided on the output shaft of the fourth driving device (17) and is connected to the fourth driving gear ring (72) through the gear.

9. The reaction vessel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The stirring rod (11) includes a main shaft with a spiral blade (73) on it. The connection area between the sub-shell (2) and the main shell (1) is provided with an opening to allow the variable diameter drive frame (12) to enter and exit. The rotating part of the middle mixing cylinder (7) includes a cylindrical body and the fixed part includes a mixing chamber (76). The bottom of the cylindrical body is provided with an opening and a fifth drive tooth ring (75) is provided at the outer edge of the opening. The fifth drive tooth ring (75) is connected to the second drive device (8). The cylindrical body is rotatably engaged with the constriction part (3). The bottom of the cylindrical body is rotatably engaged with the mixing chamber (76) fixed on the constriction part (3) and the two are connected. The mixing chamber (76) is connected to the output end of the plunger conveying mechanism (4). The extrusion holes (18) are respectively opened on the cylindrical body above and below the structural ring (42). The feeding and discharging system includes a first feed port (78) on the sub-shell (2), a second feed port (79) on the main shell, a first discharge port (80) at the bottom of the mixing bin (76), the bottom of the sub-shell (2) being connected to the upper end of the three-way connector, the middle port of the three-way connector being connected to the plunger conveying mechanism (4), and the lower end of the three-way connector being connected to the second discharge port (81); the first feed port (78), the second feed port (79), the first discharge port (80), and the second discharge port (81) are all equipped with solenoid valves; the first drive device (5), the second drive device (8), the first adjustment device (10), the second adjustment device (14), the third drive device (15), and the fourth drive device (17) are all servo motors.

10. A method for mixing and reacting powdered and viscous raw materials using a reaction vessel as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step 1: Feeding and initial mixing: Move the stirring rod (11) to the initial position inside the open mixing column (9), and the first adjusting device (10) drives the open mixing column (9) to rotate so that the U-shaped opening groove (39) corresponds to the first feed port (78); The viscous material is added through the second feed port (79) on the main shell (1), and then the second drive device (8) is turned on. The second drive device (8) drives the plunger conveying mechanism (4) and the conveying and stirring mechanism (6) to move synchronously through the transmission mechanism to transport the viscous material in the main shell (1) into the plunger conveying mechanism (4). The plunger conveying mechanism (4) synchronously distributes the viscous material to the open mixing column (9) and the middle mixing cylinder (7) in multiple sub-shells (2), and squeezes it into the main shell (1) through the extrusion hole (18) on both. At the same time, the fourth drive device (17) is turned on. The fourth drive device (17) drives the stirring rod (11) to rotate. When more than half of the viscous material has been added, the powder is added to the U-shaped opening groove (39) through the first feed port (78). As the stirring rod (11) rotates, the powder and the viscous material in the U-shaped opening groove (39) are initially mixed, and squeezed into the main shell (1) by the continuous conveying of the plunger conveying mechanism (4). Step 2: Thorough Mixing: Subsequently, the first adjusting device (10) aligns the U-shaped opening groove (39) with the connecting part between the sub-shell (2) and the main shell (1). The second adjusting device (14) operates, causing the variable diameter drive frame (12) to retract under the action of the spiral adjusting mechanism (13), moving the stirring rod (11) into the main shell (1). Then, the first adjusting device (10) continuously adjusts the angle of the opening mixing column (9), constantly switching between different specifications of extrusion holes (18) corresponding to the connecting part between the sub-shell (2) and the main shell (1), so that the pre-mixed raw materials enter the main shell (1) through the extrusion holes (18) of different specifications. Meanwhile, the middle mixing cylinder (7) also continuously feeds the pre-mixed raw materials into the main shell (1); the second drive device (8) is turned on at the same time, and the second drive device (8) continuously adjusts the angle of the middle mixing cylinder (7) to control the orientation of the extrusion hole (18) on it; then the third drive device (15) is turned on, and the third drive device (15) drives the stirring rod (11) to rotate in the main shell (1), the fourth drive device (17) drives the stirring rod (11) to rotate, and at the same time the second adjustment device (14) drives the spiral adjustment mechanism (13) to continuously change the stirring radius of the stirring rod (11) in the main shell (1), and finally achieves a fully mixed reaction; Step 3: Discharge: After the mixing reaction is completed, the first adjusting device (10) makes the U-shaped opening groove (39) correspond to the part of the sub-shell (2) and the main shell (1), and moves the stirring rod (11) into the U-shaped opening groove (39). The opening direction of the U-shaped opening groove (39) faces the main shell (1) to facilitate the entry of the mixed raw materials. The second discharge port (81) connected to the sub-shell (2) is opened. At the same time, the fourth driving device (17) drives the stirring rod (11) to rotate so that it drives the raw materials to be conveyed downward, and promotes the rapid output of the mixed raw materials.

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