Shear wall molding steel skeleton and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a shear wall forming steel skeleton and a preparation method thereof. The shear wall forming steel skeleton comprises M-shaped steel which is transversely and sequentially arranged, a web plate is connected between frames on the two sides, through holes are formed in the web plate in the length direction, rib penetrating holes in the two sides are formed between the adjacent through holes corresponding to the web plate, and reinforcing meshes on the upper layer and the lower layer are included; the transverse steel bars penetrate through the bar penetrating holes corresponding to the M-shaped steel, first supporting pieces are arranged between the bar penetrating holes in the two sides corresponding to the M-shaped steel, steel reinforcement cages are arranged on the two sides, and the M-shaped steel is installed in the middles of the steel reinforcement cages. The M-shaped steel is shaped firstly, the M-shaped steel is arranged, the distance is accurately measured, steel consumption can be saved, the M-shaped steel replaces part of the steel bars to serve as a main structure supporting carrier, the stability of the steel framework can be improved, and the probability of deformation and local unsoldering of the steel reinforcement cage is greatly reduced during hoisting transportation and field splicing. Contact point steel bars can accurately position installation points, field installation is more convenient, and the quality of the shear wall formed in the later period is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of prefabricated steel reinforcement structures, and in particular relates to a shear wall forming steel frame and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated steel reinforcement cages eliminate the time spent tying steel cages on-site, significantly improving work efficiency. Prefabricating the steel cages in the factory reduces the impact of weather conditions, and factory construction allows for precise measurement and welding using various equipment, saving materials and ensuring product quality. Compared to prefabricated floor slabs, prefabricated steel reinforcement cages can be poured on-site, ensuring tightness at the joints between slabs and better fusion between adjacent concrete pours. Therefore, walls constructed using prefabricated steel reinforcement cages, assembled and poured on-site, result in higher quality walls and prevent problems such as cracking at wall joints later on.

[0003] Shear wall structures used in building construction require the embedding of a steel reinforcement framework. This framework needs to be prefabricated in a factory according to the wall's thickness, height, and width. This reduces steel waste, ensures the quality of the prefabricated framework, and mitigates environmental impacts, among other advantages. However, existing prefabricated steel frameworks for walls must not only ensure dimensional compliance during on-site assembly but also maintain stability during transportation. Because prefabricated steel frameworks are made of steel and are quite heavy, lifting or hoisting equipment is required during transport. The single hoisting point results in a relatively singular stress point, making the prefabricated framework prone to deformation under its own weight, as well as weld failure at rebar intersections. This leads to misalignment during on-site assembly, installation difficulties, and reduced structural stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a shear wall forming steel frame and its preparation method, which saves unnecessary steel materials, is factory-customized, easy to assemble, and has a stable structure and strong load-bearing capacity.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A shear wall forming steel frame includes M-shaped steels arranged in a horizontal sequence. The M-shaped steels are long strip structures with two sides corresponding to the width direction as supporting frames. The frame cross-section is U-shaped. A web plate is connected between the two side frames. The web plate has through holes arranged along the length direction. Reinforcing bar holes are formed on both sides between adjacent through holes of the web plate. The reinforcing bar holes on both sides are symmetrically arranged.

[0007] The steel mesh includes upper and lower layers. Each layer of steel mesh has transverse and longitudinal reinforcing bars. The transverse reinforcing bars pass through the corresponding through holes of the M-shaped steel. The longitudinal reinforcing bars are located between adjacent M-shaped steels. A first support member is provided between the through holes on both sides of the M-shaped steel to support the transverse reinforcing bars on both sides.

[0008] Two layers of steel mesh are provided on both sides with steel cages. The steel cage is a column structure made of steel bars spliced ​​together, including vertical steel bars and ring bars sleeved on the outside of the vertical steel bars. M-shaped steel is installed in the middle of the steel cage.

[0009] Furthermore, the M-shaped steel on both sides of the formed steel frame is shorter than the M-shaped steel in the middle. The lower ends of the M-shaped steel are flush with each other. The upper ends of the M-shaped steel on both sides are reserved with gaps. The gaps are compensated by U-shaped ribs. The arc-shaped part of the U-shaped rib corresponds to the top of the steel frame, and the lower end extends to the M-shaped steel and overlaps and is welded and fixed.

[0010] Furthermore, the front and rear vertical bars of a single steel cage are integral steel bars, and the corresponding upper and lower sides are arc-shaped transitions. After bending, the ends of a single steel bar are aligned and welded together. The ring bar is a square structure formed by bending a single steel bar. After bending, the ends of the ring bar are aligned and welded together.

[0011] Furthermore, the M-shaped steel has a rebar groove at the position corresponding to the rebar hole to accommodate and position the transverse rebar. The first support member includes abutments with Y-shaped sides. The forked structure of the abutments contacts the transverse rebar and confines it within the rebar groove. The mating end of the abutments has a threaded fit structure of a screw and a threaded sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, second connectors are installed between the ends of the transverse reinforcing bars on the front and rear sides of the two layers of reinforcing mesh, and third connectors are installed at the intersections of the transverse and longitudinal reinforcing bars of the two layers of reinforcing mesh. Both the second and third connectors include clamps on both sides, which are parallel to each other and have arc-shaped open slots arranged in rows on one side for inserting reinforcing bars. The clamps on both sides have through holes in the middle for fixing with bolts.

[0013] A method for preparing a steel frame for a shear wall includes the following steps:

[0014] (1) Arrange and install M-shaped steel. According to the width of the formed steel frame, arrange the specific number of M-shaped steel. The spacing between the M-shaped steel is 400-600mm. The bottom is fixed by clamps.

[0015] (2) Insert the transverse steel bars into the through holes corresponding to the M-shaped steel. The distance between the transverse steel bars is the distance of two through holes. Move the transverse steel bars to the position of the steel bar groove and align them. At the position of the intersection, install the first connectors on the front and rear transverse steel bars. First, rotate and adjust the spacing of the fork structure by adjusting the two side abutments to fix the transverse steel bars on both sides. Then, arrange the longitudinal steel bars on the outside of the transverse steel bars. Weld and fix the longitudinal steel bars to the intersection of the transverse steel bars and the M-shaped steel.

[0016] (3) Use short M-shaped steel as positioning support points, weld U-shaped bars to the ends of M-shaped steel as length compensation, prefabricate ring bars and vertical bars, arrange ring bars corresponding to M-shaped steel and insert vertical bars, weld the ring bars to the intersection of M-shaped steel and vertical bars to form a steel cage, and then install the steel cage along the transverse bars on the sides of the two layers of steel mesh, with the ends of the transverse bars passing through the M-shaped steel of the steel cage and the intersections welded accordingly.

[0017] (4) Install the second and third connectors, insert the corresponding slots of the clamps into the corresponding transverse steel bars. Note that the two sets of clamp slots of a single connector face upward and downward respectively. Fix them by passing bolts through to complete the assembly process.

[0018] This invention offers the following advantages: It utilizes improved M-shaped steel as a support, with both sides serving as supporting frames. The M-shaped steel has a width extending along the length of the transverse reinforcing bars, increasing the contact surface with the bars, facilitating welding operations and improving weld strength, thus enhancing the overall load-bearing capacity and stability of the steel frame. During factory prefabrication of the steel frame, the M-shaped steel is pre-shaped, arranged, and its spacing precisely measured, acting as a positioning mold. This facilitates the subsequent installation and positioning of the reinforcing bars, ensuring that the positional deviation of various reinforcing bars is accurate to within 5%. It also saves on steel consumption. Replacing some reinforcing bars with M-shaped steel as the main structural support enhances the stability of the steel frame. During hoisting, transportation, and on-site assembly, the probability of deformation and localized weld failure in the reinforcing cage is significantly reduced. Because the reinforcing bars are arranged and installed based on the positioning of the M-shaped steel, the contact points of the reinforcing bars can be precisely positioned during on-site assembly of the steel frame, making on-site installation more convenient and resulting in higher quality shear walls. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0020] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of the steel cage of this invention.

[0022] Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the second connector of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the third connector of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the M-shaped steel installation structure of this invention.

[0025] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first connector of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 : A partially enlarged structural diagram of the M-shaped steel of this invention.

[0027] The components represented by each number in the attached diagram are listed below: M-shaped steel 1, frame 11, web 12, through hole 13, through-reinforcement hole 14, transverse reinforcement 2, longitudinal reinforcement 3, first support 4, U-shaped reinforcement 5, vertical reinforcement 6, ring reinforcement 7, reinforcement groove 15, support rod 41, second connector 8, third connector 9, clamp 91, slot 92, bolt 93. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0029] like Figures 1-2 As shown: A shear wall forming steel frame includes M-shaped steel 1 arranged horizontally in sequence. The spacing between the M-shaped steel 1 meets the requirement of (400≤spacing≤600) mm. The M-shaped steel 1 is a long strip structure. The two sides corresponding to the width direction are frame 11 for support. The frame 11 has a cross-section of C-shape. A web plate 12 is connected between the two side frames 11. The sides of the web plate 12 are integrally connected to the same side of the two side frames 12. In order to ensure the stability of the web plate 12 support, the sides of the two side frames 12 are bent inward so that the position of the web plate 12 is close to the middle position of the two side frames 11. The web plate 12 has through holes 13 arranged along the length direction. The web plate 12 has reinforcing bar holes 14 on both sides between the adjacent through holes 13. The reinforcing bar holes 14 on both sides are symmetrically arranged. The function of the through holes 13 is to allow the fluid concrete poured when the forming steel frame is supported by the formwork on both sides to penetrate into all corners of the pouring trench through the through holes 13, fully filling the space and preventing the wall from hollowing out. The through hole 13 is elliptical in shape, and the through hole 14 is semi-elliptical in shape, so as not to affect the support stability of the M-shaped steel 1.

[0030] The structure includes upper and lower layers of reinforcing mesh. Each layer has transverse reinforcing bars 2 and longitudinal reinforcing bars 3. The transverse reinforcing bars 2 pass through the corresponding through holes 14 of the M-shaped steel 1. The longitudinal reinforcing bars 4 are located between adjacent M-shaped steel 1s. A first support member 4 is provided between the through holes 14 on both sides of the M-shaped steel 1 to support the transverse reinforcing bars 2 on both sides. Both the transverse reinforcing bars 2 and the longitudinal reinforcing bars 3 are 6mm diameter threaded steel bars. The transverse reinforcing bars 2 and the longitudinal reinforcing bars 3 overlap and intersect, and the intersection points are welded to form a grid-like reinforcing mesh. The through holes 14 are large enough to allow the transverse reinforcing bars 2 to pass smoothly through the through holes 14 of the multiple M-shaped steel 1s. The first support member 4 is used to abut against the corresponding transverse reinforcing bars 2 on both sides, so that the reinforcing bars abut against the side of the through holes 14, thus fixing the transverse reinforcing bars. The contact side between the transverse reinforcing bars and the through holes is welded.

[0031] Two layers of steel mesh are provided on both sides with steel cages. The steel cage is a column structure made of steel bars spliced ​​together, including vertical steel bars 6 and ring bars 7 sleeved on the outside of the vertical steel bars. M-shaped steel is installed in the middle of the steel cage.

[0032] The shear wall thickness corresponding to this invention is 200mm. The M-shaped steel has a width of 140mm, is made of galvanized cold-rolled steel, has a sheet metal structure, and is integrally formed by stamping. The wall thickness should not be less than 1.2mm and should not be less than 1.0mm. It is double-sided galvanized or zinc alloy coated. When a zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy coating is used, the magnesium content should be 2%–4%, the aluminum content should be 4.5%–7%, and the remainder should be zinc and other elements. The total content of other elements should not exceed 1%.

[0033] An improved M-shaped steel frame is used as the support, with its two sides serving as supporting borders. This frame has a width extending along the length of the transverse reinforcing bars, increasing the contact area with the bars, facilitating welding operations and improving weld strength, thus enhancing the overall load-bearing capacity and stability of the steel frame. During the prefabrication of the steel frame in the factory, the M-shaped steel is shaped first, arranged, and the spacing is precisely measured, acting as a positioning mold. This facilitates the subsequent installation and positioning of the reinforcing bars, ensuring that the positional deviation of various reinforcing bars is accurate to within 5%. It also saves steel consumption. Replacing some reinforcing bars with M-shaped steel as the main structural support enhances the stability of the steel frame. During hoisting, transportation, and on-site assembly, the probability of deformation and localized weld failure is significantly reduced. Because the reinforcing bars are arranged and installed based on the positioning of the M-shaped steel, the contact points of the reinforcing bars can be precisely positioned during on-site assembly of the steel frame, making on-site installation more convenient and resulting in higher quality shear walls.

[0034] As shown in Figure 2: The M-shaped steel 1 located on both sides of the formed steel frame is shorter than the M-shaped steel in the middle section. The lower ends of the M-shaped steel are flush, and the upper ends of the M-shaped steel on both sides are reserved with gaps. These gaps are compensated by U-shaped ribs 5. The arc-shaped part of the U-shaped rib 5 corresponds to the top of the steel frame, and the lower end extends to the M-shaped steel and is welded and fixed. The short M-shaped steel on both sides is located in the reinforcing cage section, serving as positioning support for the reinforcing cage. It forms a larger hollow section on the upper side of the formed steel frame. During pouring, concrete is injected along this position, which facilitates the uniform diffusion of concrete throughout the pouring trench, improving pouring efficiency. This hollow section is reinforced by U-shaped ribs and does not affect the overall structural stability.

[0035] The vertical reinforcing bars 6 on the front and rear sides of a single reinforcing cage are integral reinforcing bars, with arc-shaped transitions on the upper and lower sides. Each bar is bent and then aligned end-to-end and welded. The ring-shaped reinforcing bar 7 is a square structure formed by bending a single bar. The ring-shaped reinforcing bar's end-to-end is also bent and aligned, then welded. Each bar has four corresponding vertical reinforcing bars, with corresponding vertical bars on the front and rear sides and arc-shaped connections at the ends. These are integral structures, with welded ends, and use 8mm diameter threaded steel. The ring-shaped reinforcing bars are made of 6mm diameter threaded steel, with their end-to-end aligned and welded for fixation. Compared to the traditional method of cross-welding bent reinforcing bars, this invention fixes both the vertical reinforcing bars and the ring-shaped reinforcing bars by welding at the ends, forming an integral structure with no excess reinforcing bars protruding. This saves steel consumption and avoids obstruction of movement during the assembly of the overall reinforcing cage.

[0036] like Figure 7 As shown: The M-shaped steel 1 has a steel bar groove 15 at the position corresponding to the through hole 14, which is used to accommodate and position the transverse steel bar 2.

[0037] like Figures 5-6 As shown: The first support member 4 includes Y-shaped abutment rods 41 on both sides. The forked structure of the abutment rods 41 contacts the transverse reinforcing bars 2 and confines them within the reinforcing bar groove 14. The mating ends of the abutment rods 41 are threaded structures consisting of a screw and a threaded sleeve. By rotating the screw and threaded sleeve, the distance between the forked structures on both sides can be adjusted to match the precise distance between the transverse reinforcing bars on both sides, improving the abutment effect. In conjunction with the reinforcing bar groove 14 of the M-shaped steel 1, the transverse reinforcing bars 2 on both sides can be initially positioned and fixed. During installation, a reinforcing mesh is first laid out, and then the corresponding reinforcing bar intersections are uniformly welded. The welding is controlled as a whole to prevent deformation caused by local weld misalignment or stress.

[0038] like Figures 3-4 As shown: The front and rear transverse steel bars 2 of the two layers of steel mesh are connected by a second connector 8 at their ends, and a third connector 9 is installed at the intersection of the transverse steel bars 2 and the longitudinal steel bars 3 of the two layers of steel mesh.

[0039] Both the second connector 8 and the third connector 9 include clamping plates 91 on both sides. The clamping plates 91 are parallel to each other and have arc-shaped open slots 92 arranged in a row on each side for inserting reinforcing bars. The clamping plates on both sides have through holes in the middle for fixing with bolts 93. During installation, the corresponding clamping plates 91 on both sides of a single connector have their slots facing upwards and downwards respectively. The slots 92 are used to insert the transverse reinforcing bars 2. The clamping plates 91 on both sides act as clamping components, clamping the longitudinal reinforcing bars 3 or vertical reinforcing bars 6 in the middle. The second connector 8 and the third connector 9 are installed at multiple points, which is convenient for installation. They replace the use of traditional tie bars, improve the stability of hoisting, and prevent the concrete from deforming due to the pressure of the reinforcing mesh on both sides during the pouring process.

[0040] A method for preparing a steel frame for a shear wall includes the following steps:

[0041] 1. Arrange and install M-shaped steel 1. According to the width of the formed steel frame, arrange the specific number of M-shaped steel. The spacing between the M-shaped steel is 400-600mm, and the bottom is fixed by clamps;

[0042] 2. Insert the transverse reinforcing bar 2 into the through hole 14 corresponding to the M-shaped steel 1. The distance between the transverse reinforcing bars 2 is the distance between two through holes 14. Move the transverse reinforcing bars 2 to the position of the reinforcing bar groove 15 and align them at the intersection point. Install the first connecting piece 4 on the front and rear transverse reinforcing bars 2. First, rotate and adjust the spacing of the fork-shaped structure by rotating and adjusting the two side abutments 41 to fix the transverse reinforcing bars 2 on both sides. Then, arrange the longitudinal reinforcing bars 3 on the outside of the transverse reinforcing bars 2. Weld and fix the longitudinal reinforcing bars 3 to the intersection points of the transverse reinforcing bars 2 and the M-shaped steel 1.

[0043] 3. Use the short M-shaped steel 1 as the positioning support point, weld U-shaped bars 5 to the ends of the M-shaped steel as length compensation, prefabricate ring bars 7 and vertical bars 6, arrange the ring bars 7 corresponding to the M-shaped steel 1 and insert the vertical bars 6, weld the ring bars 7 with the intersection of the M-shaped steel 1 and the vertical bars 6 to form the whole steel cage, and then install the steel cage with the corresponding horizontal bars 2 along the side of the two layers of steel mesh, with the ends of the horizontal bars 2 passing through the M-shaped steel 1 of the steel cage and the intersection welded accordingly.

[0044] 4. Install the second connector 8 and the third connector 9. Insert the slot 92 corresponding to the clamp 91 into the corresponding transverse steel bar. Note that the two sets of clamp slots corresponding to a single connector should face upward and downward respectively. Secure them by passing through the bolt 93 to complete the assembly process.

[0045] These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize the present invention.

Claims

1. A shear wall forming steel frame, characterized in that: It includes M-shaped steel (1) arranged horizontally. The M-shaped steel (1) is a long strip structure. The two sides corresponding to the width direction are frame (11) for support. The frame (11) has a cross-section of C. The two side frames (11) are connected by a web plate (12). The web plate (12) is provided with through holes (13) arranged along the length direction. The web plate (12) is provided with reinforcing bar holes (14) on both sides between the adjacent through holes (13). The reinforcing bar holes (14) on both sides are symmetrically arranged. The steel mesh includes upper and lower layers. The single-layer steel mesh has transverse steel bars (2) and longitudinal steel bars (3). The transverse steel bars (2) pass through the corresponding through holes (14) of the M-shaped steel (1). The longitudinal steel bars (4) are located between adjacent M-shaped steels (1). A first support member (4) is provided between the through holes (14) on both sides of the M-shaped steel (1) to support the transverse steel bars (2) on both sides. Two layers of steel mesh are provided on both sides with steel cages. The steel cage is a column structure made of steel bars spliced ​​together, including vertical steel bars (6) and ring bars (7) sleeved on the outside of the vertical steel bars. M-shaped steel is installed in the middle of the steel cage.

2. The shear wall forming steel frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the M-shaped steel (1) located on both sides of the formed steel frame is shorter than that of the middle part of the M-shaped steel. The lower end of the M-shaped steel is flush with the upper end of the M-shaped steel on both sides. The gap is filled by U-shaped ribs (5). The arc part of the U-shaped ribs (5) corresponds to the top of the steel frame, and the lower end extends to the M-shaped steel and overlaps and is welded and fixed.

3. The shear wall forming steel frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear vertical bars (6) of a single steel cage are integral steel bars, and the corresponding upper and lower sides are arc transitions. After bending, the ends of a single steel bar are aligned and welded. The ring bar (7) is a square structure after bending a single steel bar. After bending, the ends of the ring bar are aligned and welded.

4. The shear wall forming steel frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The M-shaped steel (1) has a steel bar groove (15) at the position corresponding to the through hole (14) for accommodating and positioning the transverse steel bar (2).

5. The shear wall forming steel frame according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first support member (4) includes abutment rods (41) that are Y-shaped on both sides. The forked structure of the abutment rods (41) contacts the transverse steel bar (2) and limits it to the steel bar groove (14). The mating end of the abutment rods (41) is a threaded structure of screw rod and screw sleeve.

6. The shear wall forming steel frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear transverse steel bars (2) of the two layers of steel mesh are connected by a second connector (8) at their ends. A third connector (9) is installed at the intersection of the transverse steel bars (2) and the longitudinal steel bars (3) of the two layers of steel mesh.

7. The shear wall forming steel frame according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second connector (8) and the third connector (9) both include clamps (91) on both sides. The clamps (91) on both sides are parallel to each other and are arranged in a row on one side with an arc-shaped open slot (92) for inserting steel bars. The clamps on both sides have through holes in the middle for fixing with bolts (93).

8. The method for preparing a shear wall forming steel frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps, 1. Arrange and install M-shaped steel (1). According to the width of the formed steel frame, arrange the specific number of M-shaped steel. The spacing between M-shaped steel is 400-600mm. The bottom is fixed by clamps.

2. Insert transverse steel bars (2) into the through holes (14) of the M-shaped steel (1). The distance between the transverse steel bars (2) is the distance of two through holes (14). Move the transverse steel bars (2) to the position of the steel bar groove (15) and align them. At the position of the intersection, install the first connector (4) on the front and rear transverse steel bars (2). First, rotate and adjust the two side abutments (41) to adjust the spacing of the fork structure so that the transverse steel bars (2) on both sides are fixed. Then, arrange the longitudinal steel bars (3) on the outside of the transverse steel bars (2). Weld the longitudinal steel bars (3) to the intersection of the transverse steel bars (2) and the M-shaped steel (1).

3. Use the short M-shaped steel (1) as the positioning support point, weld U-shaped bars (5) to the ends of the M-shaped steel as length compensation, prefabricate ring bars (7) and vertical bars (6), arrange the ring bars (7) corresponding to the M-shaped steel (1) and insert them into the vertical bars (6), weld the intersection of the ring bars (7) with the M-shaped steel (1) and the vertical bars (6) to form a whole steel cage, and then install the steel cage along the horizontal bars (2) on the side of the two layers of steel mesh, with the ends of the horizontal bars (2) passing through the M-shaped steel (1) of the steel cage and the intersection welded accordingly; 4. Install the second connector (8) and the third connector (9). Insert the corresponding slot (92) of the clamp (91) into the corresponding transverse steel bar. Note that the two sets of clamp slots corresponding to a single connector face upward and downward respectively. Fix them by passing through the bolt (93) to complete the assembly process.

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