Fully-mechanized coal mining end supporting and conveying equipment

Abstract

The invention provides fully-mechanized coal mining end supporting and conveying equipment, and relates to the technical field of mining. Comprising a supporting unit, a conveying unit, an integrated crushing unit and a cooperative control unit. The supporting unit comprises an end support body, and the end support body is provided with a top beam, a base, a stand column and a connecting rod mechanism. The conveying unit comprises a scraper conveyer; the integrated crushing unit comprises a rotating seat, a translation unit, a movable arm unit and a hydraulic crushing hammer, the cooperative control unit is used for linkage control over the actions of the supporting unit, the conveying unit and the integrated crushing unit, linkage forward movement of a support and a scraper conveyor is achieved by pushing a jack, equipment connection gaps are reduced, the risks of waste rock leakage and coal jamming are reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. The continuity of end area supporting and conveying is improved; the integrated crushing unit can accurately crush large coal near the feeding hole of the reversed loader; and linkage management and control of the units are realized through the cooperative control unit, so that the production efficiency and the operation safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mining technology, and more specifically, to a fully mechanized mining end support and conveying device. Background Technology

[0002] The end area of ​​a fully mechanized longwall face in an underground coal mine is a crucial connection point between roof support and coal conveying, and the operating efficiency of its equipment directly affects the production continuity of the entire face. In existing technologies, the end support frame and scraper conveyor are mostly designed separately, resulting in poor coordinated mobility between the two. This leads to problems such as rock leakage and coal jamming at the connection between support and conveying, which not only reduces coal conveying efficiency but also increases the safety risk of roof collapse.

[0003] Meanwhile, in underground coal transportation systems, large pieces of coal are prone to clogging at two critical points during the transfer process from scraper conveyors to belt conveyors via transfer conveyors: the connection between the scraper conveyor and the transfer conveyor, and the feed inlet of the crusher on the transfer conveyor. Traditional methods rely on manual entry into hazardous work areas for crushing, which is not only time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient, but also poses serious safety hazards.

[0004] While existing technologies include solutions that add hydraulic crushing devices to transfer conveyors, these devices typically include breaker hammers for crushing large coal pieces and can perform horizontal sliding, rotation, and lifting movements. However, these devices are not integrated with the end-support and conveying equipment. This results in limited operating space for the crushing device, preventing it from fully covering blockage points. Furthermore, the lack of a coordinated control mechanism between the devices hinders the coordinated operation of support, conveying, and crushing, making it difficult to fundamentally solve the production bottleneck problem in the end-of-line area of ​​fully mechanized mining.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fully mechanized mining end support and conveying device to improve the safety and production efficiency of the end area of ​​the fully mechanized mining face. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a fully mechanized mining end support and conveying device, which can solve the technical problems of safety and production efficiency in the end area of ​​the fully mechanized mining face.

[0007] This application provides a fully mechanized mining end support and conveying device, including a support unit, a conveying unit, an integrated crushing unit, and a collaborative control unit. The support unit includes an end support body, which is provided with a top beam, a base, a column, and a linkage mechanism for supporting and protecting the roof of the fully mechanized mining face. The conveying unit includes a scraper conveyor, which is connected to the end support body via a push jack for coal conveying and coordinated equipment movement. The integrated crushing unit includes a rotating base, a translation unit, a movable arm unit, and a hydraulic breaker. The rotating base is installed on the side of the conveying unit near the feed inlet of the transfer machine. The translation unit is installed on the rotating base and connected to the movable arm unit for driving the movable arm unit to move horizontally. The hydraulic breaker is located at the end of the movable arm unit away from the translation unit for crushing large pieces of coal. The collaborative control unit is used to control the actions of the support unit, the conveying unit, and the integrated crushing unit in a coordinated manner.

[0008] Furthermore, the end support body is also equipped with an active crushing baffle, which adopts a double-layer folding telescopic structure to protect the coal wall and cooperate with the crushing operation.

[0009] Furthermore, the double-layer folding telescopic structure is equipped with a mechanical limiting slot to prevent the baffle from suddenly closing and causing a crushing accident; and an infrared personnel proximity sensor is arranged within the operating radius of the active crushing baffle of less than 2m. The infrared personnel proximity sensor is electrically connected to the collaborative control unit and is used to trigger the collaborative control unit to cut off the power supply of the corresponding action when personnel are detected, so as to immediately stop the baffle and the associated crushing action.

[0010] Furthermore, the top beam of the end support body is equipped with a side guard plate and a side guard plate. The side guard plate and the side guard plate work together with the active crushing baffle to form an all-round support structure to enhance the support stability of the end roof and coal wall.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating seat of the integrated crushing unit is designed as a 360° rotating structure; the translation unit is provided with a fixed seat, a translation seat, and a translation cylinder. The fixed seat is fixed on the rotating seat, and the translation seat is slidably fitted to the fixed seat. The two ends of the translation cylinder are respectively connected to the fixed seat and the translation seat, and are used to drive the translation seat to move horizontally along the fixed seat; the movable arm unit is provided with a boom, a forearm, a first cylinder, and a second cylinder. One end of the boom is hinged to the translation seat, and the other end of the boom is hinged to the forearm. The first cylinder is hinged to both the translation seat and the boom, and is used to drive the boom to swing around the hinge point. The second cylinder is hinged to both the boom and the forearm, and is used to drive the forearm to swing around the hinge point, thereby realizing the multi-angle crushing adjustment of the hydraulic breaker.

[0012] Furthermore, the hydraulic breaker is equipped with a composite anti-splash guard on its outer side. The composite anti-splash guard adopts a composite structure of an outer steel plate and an inner polyurethane layer to block coal chunks from splashing during the crushing operation.

[0013] Furthermore, the collaborative control unit includes a hydraulic valve group and a programmable controller to receive status signals from each unit and output linkage control commands to realize the collaborative operation of each unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the conveying unit is equipped with an anti-blocking mechanism, which is installed at the head of the scraper conveyor and has a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the collaborative control unit. When the detected temperature exceeds a preset threshold, the anti-blocking mechanism is triggered to stop cooling to prevent overheating and fire.

[0015] Furthermore, the hydraulic pipeline of the integrated crushing unit adopts a double-layer steel wire braided hose, and anti-loosening clamps are installed at the pipeline joints to enhance the connection reliability of the hydraulic pipeline under complex working conditions downhole and prevent pipeline from falling off or leaking.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] The fully mechanized mining end support and conveying equipment provided by this invention includes a support unit, a conveying unit, an integrated crushing unit, and a collaborative control unit. The support unit includes an end support body, which is equipped with a top beam, a base, a column, and a linkage mechanism for supporting and protecting the roof of the fully mechanized mining face end. The conveying unit includes a scraper conveyor, which is connected to the end support body via a push-pull jack for coal conveying and coordinated equipment movement. The integrated crushing unit includes a rotating base, a translation unit, a movable arm unit, and a hydraulic breaker. The rotating base is installed on the side of the conveying unit near the feed inlet of the transfer conveyor. The translation unit is installed on the rotating base and connected to the movable arm unit for driving the movable arm unit. The hydraulic breaker is positioned at the end of the movable arm unit furthest from the translation unit, and is used to crush large pieces of coal. The collaborative control unit is used to control the actions of the support unit, the conveying unit, and the integrated crushing unit. This invention achieves coordinated forward movement of the support and scraper conveyor by pushing the jacks, reducing equipment connection gaps, lowering the risk of coal leakage and jamming, and improving the continuity of support and conveying in the end area. The integrated crushing unit, through its rotation, translation, and movable arm structure, can accurately crush large pieces of coal near the feed inlet of the transfer machine, significantly improving work efficiency and avoiding safety hazards associated with manual operation. Furthermore, the collaborative control unit enables coordinated control of each unit, ensuring the overall operational stability of the end area of ​​the fully mechanized mining face and improving production efficiency and operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of structures in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams of structures in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of support units and conveying units in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the support unit and the conveying unit in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the control valve assembly in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is an installation diagram of the hydraulic pump station used in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated crushing unit in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0027] Support unit 1, top beam 11, base 12, column 13, linkage mechanism 14, active crushing baffle 15, conveying unit 2, scraper conveyor 21, anti-blocking mechanism 22, integrated crushing unit 3, rotating seat 31, translation unit 32, movable arm unit 33, hydraulic breaker 34, collaborative control unit 4, hydraulic valve group 41, pushing jack 5. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] See Figures 1-7As shown, the fully mechanized mining end support and conveying equipment described in this embodiment includes a support unit 1, a conveying unit 2, an integrated crushing unit 3, and a collaborative control unit 4. The support unit 1 includes an end support body, which is equipped with a top beam 11, a base 12, a column 13, and a linkage mechanism 14 for supporting and protecting the roof of the fully mechanized mining face end. The conveying unit 2 includes a scraper conveyor 21, which is connected to the end support body via a pushing jack 5 for coal conveying and coordinated equipment movement. The integrated crushing unit 3 includes a rotating seat. 31. A translation unit 32, a movable arm unit 33, and a hydraulic breaker 34 are provided. The rotating base 31 is installed on the side of the conveying unit 2 near the feed inlet of the transfer machine. The translation unit 32 is installed on the rotating base 31 and connected to the movable arm unit 33 to drive the movable arm unit 33 to move horizontally. The hydraulic breaker 34 is located at the end of the movable arm unit 33 away from the translation unit 32 and is used to crush large pieces of coal. The collaborative control unit 4 is used to control the actions of the support unit 1, the conveying unit 2, and the integrated crushing unit 3 in a coordinated manner.

[0035] This embodiment integrates support unit 1, conveying unit 2, integrated crushing unit 3, and collaborative control unit 4 to construct an integrated equipment structure. Specifically, the push jack 5 enables the support and scraper conveyor 21 to move forward in tandem, reducing equipment connection gaps, lowering the risk of coal leakage and jamming, and improving the continuity of support and conveying in the end area. The integrated crushing unit 3, through its rotation, translation, and movable arm structure, can accurately crush large pieces of coal near the feed inlet of the transfer machine, significantly improving operational efficiency and avoiding safety hazards associated with manual operations. Furthermore, the collaborative control unit 4 enables coordinated control of all units, ensuring the overall operational stability of the end area of ​​the fully mechanized mining face and improving production efficiency and operational safety.

[0036] In some embodiments, the end support body is also provided with an active crushing baffle 15, which adopts a double-layer folding telescopic structure to protect the coal wall and cooperate with the crushing operation.

[0037] In this embodiment, the double-layer folding telescopic structure can flexibly avoid the coal mining machine drum, avoid equipment interference, and at the same time expand the support and crushing operation range to adapt to the dynamic operation requirements of the fully mechanized mining face.

[0038] In some embodiments, the double-layer folding telescopic structure is provided with a mechanical limiting slot to prevent the baffle from suddenly closing and causing a crushing accident; and an infrared personnel proximity sensor is arranged within the operating radius of the active crushing baffle 15 of less than 2m. The infrared personnel proximity sensor is electrically connected to the collaborative control unit 4 and is used to trigger the collaborative control unit 4 to cut off the power supply of the corresponding action when a person is detected, so as to immediately stop the baffle and the associated crushing action.

[0039] In this embodiment, the mechanical limit slot and infrared personnel proximity sensor are designed to effectively prevent crushing accidents caused by the sudden retraction of the active breakage baffle 15, thereby improving the reliability of the structure. The 2m range infrared sensor is linked with the collaborative control unit 4 to quickly identify personnel approaching and stop the machine, thus eliminating the safety risks caused by personnel accidentally entering the work area and strengthening the inherent safety of underground operations.

[0040] In some embodiments, the top beam 11 of the end support body is provided with a side guard plate and a side guard plate. The side guard plate and the side guard plate work together with the active crushing baffle 15 to form an all-round support structure to enhance the support stability of the end roof and coal wall.

[0041] In this embodiment, the coordinated action of the side guard plate, the side guard plate and the active crushing baffle 15 can avoid the limitations of single baffle support, enhance the overall support stability of the end roof and coal wall, effectively resist roof subsidence and coal wall spalling pressure, reduce the incidence of safety accidents such as roof fall and spalling, and adapt to the complex support conditions of high mining face.

[0042] In some embodiments, the rotating seat 31 of the integrated crushing unit 3 is configured as a 360° rotating structure; the translation unit 32 is provided with a fixed seat, a translation seat, and a translation cylinder. The fixed seat is fixed on the rotating seat 31, and the translation seat is slidably fitted to the fixed seat. The two ends of the translation cylinder are respectively connected to the fixed seat and the translation seat, and are used to drive the translation seat to move horizontally along the fixed seat; the movable arm unit 33 is provided with a large arm, a small arm, a first cylinder, and a second cylinder. One end of the large arm is hinged to the translation seat, and the other end of the large arm is hinged to the small arm. The first cylinder is hinged to the translation seat and the large arm, and is used to drive the large arm to swing around the hinge point. The second cylinder is hinged to the large arm and the small arm, and is used to drive the small arm to swing around the hinge point, thereby realizing the multi-angle crushing adjustment of the hydraulic breaker 34.

[0043] In this embodiment, the 360° rotating base 12 enables the hydraulic breaker 34 to cover all angles of operation without any blind spots. The translation unit 32 achieves precise horizontal displacement through the hydraulic cylinder drive. In conjunction with the hinged linkage of the boom, arm, and double hydraulic cylinders, the working height and angle of the hydraulic breaker 34 can be flexibly adjusted. This allows for targeted crushing of large coal pieces of different locations and sizes, solving the problems of limited operating range and inflexible adjustment of traditional crushing equipment, and improving crushing accuracy and efficiency. The hinged structure of each component also ensures stability during the crushing operation, adapting to complex vibration conditions underground.

[0044] In some embodiments, a composite anti-splash guard is provided on the outside of the hydraulic breaker 34. The composite anti-splash guard adopts a composite structure of an outer steel plate and an inner polyurethane layer to block coal chunks from splashing during the crushing operation.

[0045] In this embodiment, the composite anti-splash cover is designed so that the outer steel plate can resist the impact of large pieces of coal during crushing operations, while the inner polyurethane layer acts as a buffer, effectively blocking coal splashes. This not only prevents splashed coal from causing wear and damage to surrounding equipment, but also prevents coal from injuring workers, thereby further improving the operational safety of the integrated crushing unit 3.

[0046] In some embodiments, the collaborative control unit 4 includes a hydraulic valve 41 and a programmable controller to receive status signals from each unit and output linkage control commands to achieve collaborative operation of each unit.

[0047] In this embodiment, the combination of hydraulic valve group 41 and programmable controller can collect multi-dimensional data such as equipment operating parameters, personnel location, and environmental signals in real time. Through preset logic, it outputs linkage commands to achieve precise coordination of support, conveying, and crushing actions, reducing manual intervention and improving the level of automation. At the same time, it can avoid the risk of equipment interference in advance, ensuring the stability and reliability of the overall system operation.

[0048] In some embodiments, the conveying unit 2 is provided with an anti-blocking mechanism 22, which is installed at the head of the scraper conveyor 21. The anti-blocking mechanism 22 is provided with a temperature sensor, which is electrically connected to the collaborative control unit 4. When the detected temperature exceeds a preset threshold, the anti-blocking mechanism 22 is triggered to stop cooling to prevent overheating and fire.

[0049] In this embodiment, the anti-blocking mechanism 22 of the conveying unit 2 and the temperature sensor can effectively alleviate the blockage problem at the head of the scraper conveyor 21 and ensure the continuity of coal conveying. The temperature sensor is linked with the collaborative control unit 4 and automatically stops the machine to cool down when the detected temperature exceeds the preset threshold, eliminating the risk of overheating and catching fire of the crusher from the source, thereby avoiding major safety accidents such as gas explosion caused by equipment overheating.

[0050] In some embodiments, the hydraulic pipeline of the integrated crushing unit 3 adopts a double-layer steel wire braided hose, and anti-loosening clamps are installed at the pipeline joints to enhance the connection reliability of the hydraulic pipeline under complex working conditions downhole and prevent the pipeline from falling off or leaking.

[0051] In this embodiment, the hydraulic pipeline adopts a double-layer steel wire braided hose, which has stronger pressure resistance and wear resistance, and is suitable for the hydraulic system's pressure resistance requirement of ≥31.5MPa; the anti-loosening clamp can effectively prevent the pipeline joint from falling off and leaking under underground vibration conditions, ensuring the sealing reliability of the hydraulic system, reducing the hydraulic failure rate, reducing the frequency of equipment maintenance, and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the integrated crushing unit 3.

[0052] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A fully mechanized mining end support and conveying device, characterized in that, The system includes a support unit, a conveying unit, an integrated crushing unit, and a collaborative control unit. The support unit comprises an end-support body, which has a top beam, base, column, and linkage mechanism for supporting and protecting the roof of the fully mechanized mining face. The conveying unit includes a scraper conveyor connected to the end-support body via a push-pull jack for coal conveying and coordinated equipment movement. The integrated crushing unit includes a rotating base, a translation unit, a movable arm unit, and a hydraulic breaker. The rotating base is installed on the side of the conveying unit near the feed inlet of the transfer conveyor. The translation unit is installed on the rotating base and connected to the movable arm unit to drive the movable arm unit to move horizontally. The hydraulic breaker is located at the end of the movable arm unit away from the translation unit and is used to crush large pieces of coal. The collaborative control unit is used to control the actions of the support unit, the conveying unit, and the integrated crushing unit in a coordinated manner.

2. The fully mechanized mining end support and conveying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body of the end support is also equipped with an active crushing baffle. The active crushing baffle adopts a double-layer folding and telescopic structure, which is used to protect the coal wall and cooperate with the crushing operation.

3. The fully mechanized mining end support and conveying equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The double-layer folding telescopic structure is equipped with a mechanical limit slot to prevent the baffle from suddenly closing and causing a crushing accident; and an infrared personnel proximity sensor is arranged within the operating radius of the active crushing baffle of less than 2m. The infrared personnel proximity sensor is electrically connected to the collaborative control unit and is used to trigger the collaborative control unit to cut off the power supply of the corresponding action when personnel are detected, so as to immediately stop the baffle and the associated crushing action.

4. The fully mechanized mining end support and conveying equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top beam of the end support body is equipped with a side guard plate and a side guard plate. The side guard plate and the side guard plate work together with the active crushing baffle to form an all-round support structure to enhance the support stability of the end roof and coal wall.

5. The fully mechanized mining end support and conveying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated crushing unit has a 360° rotating base; the translation unit has a fixed base, a translation base, and a translation cylinder. The fixed base is fixed on the rotating base, and the translation base is slidably fitted to the fixed base. The translation cylinder is connected to the fixed base and the translation base at both ends, and is used to drive the translation base to move horizontally along the fixed base; the movable arm unit has a boom, a forearm, a first cylinder, and a second cylinder. One end of the boom is hinged to the translation base, and the other end of the boom is hinged to the forearm. The first cylinder is hinged to both the translation base and the boom, and is used to drive the boom to swing around the hinge point. The second cylinder is hinged to both the boom and the forearm, and is used to drive the forearm to swing around the hinge point, thereby realizing multi-angle crushing adjustment of the hydraulic breaker.

6. The fully mechanized mining end support and conveying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic breaker is equipped with a composite anti-splash guard on the outside. The composite anti-splash guard adopts a composite structure of an outer steel plate and an inner polyurethane layer to block coal chunks from splashing during the crushing operation.

7. The fully mechanized mining end support and conveying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collaborative control unit includes a hydraulic valve group and a programmable controller to receive status signals from each unit and output linkage control commands to realize the collaborative operation of each unit.

8. The fully mechanized mining end support and conveying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying unit is equipped with an anti-blocking mechanism, which is installed at the head of the scraper conveyor and has a temperature sensor that is electrically connected to the collaborative control unit.

9. The fully mechanized mining end support and conveying equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hydraulic pipeline of the integrated crushing unit adopts a double-layer steel wire braided hose, and anti-loosening clamps are installed at the pipeline joints.

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