Mud pulse generator with filter housing

Abstract

A mud pulse generator includes a joint housing, a motor housing, a ball screw housing, a pressure compensation piston housing, and a filter housing, each of which is tubular and connected in series to form a tubular housing. The pressure compensation piston divides the tubular shell into a near-end part and a far-end part; the motor is located in the near-end part; the servo valve is located in the far-end part; a piston rod is coupled with the motor and extends through the pressure compensating piston into the distal end portion. The motor reciprocates the poppet stem in the longitudinal direction of the tubular housing. The filter housing includes a plurality of slots extending into an interior cavity of the filter housing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention proposes an oil drilling system comprising a drill string with a pulse generator capable of generating pulses that represent information to be transmitted from the drill string to the surface. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary drilling is a common practice for drilling deep wells to explore and extract crude oil and natural gas. This technique involves using a drill string, which consists of multiple interconnected hollow tubular sections connected to a drill bit at its bottom. By applying axial force to the drill bit face and rotating the drill string from the surface, a relatively smooth tubular wellbore is formed. The rotation and pressure applied by the drill bit cause the drilled formation to be successively crushed and fragmented. Drilling fluid (often referred to as "drilling mud" or "mud") is pumped into the hollow center hole of the drill string, through nozzles on the drill bit, and then back to the surface through the annulus of the drill string. This fluid circulation can be used to transport cuttings from the bottom of the wellbore to the surface, where they are filtered out and then the drilling fluid is recirculated as needed. In addition to removing cuttings, the flow of drilling fluid provides other functions such as cooling and lubricating the cutting surfaces of the drill bit, and applying hydrostatic pressure to the wellbore wall to help control trapped gases that may be encountered during drilling.

[0003] In order for drilling fluid to flow through the hollow center hole of the drill string and the flow-limiting nozzles inside the drill bit, and to give the drilling fluid sufficient momentum to carry cuttings back to the surface, the fluid circulation system includes one or more pumps, pipes, valves, and rotary joints for connecting the pipes to the rotating drill string to maintain sufficiently high pressure and flow rate.

[0004] Since the advent of drilling technology, it has been recognized that there is a need to measure certain parameters at the bottom of the well and provide this information to the drilling personnel. These parameters include, but are not limited to, the temperature and pressure at the bottom of the well, the dip or angle of the well, the direction or azimuth of the well, and various geophysical parameters that are of reference significance and value during the drilling process. The challenge of measuring these parameters in the harsh environment at the bottom of the well and transmitting this information to the surface in a timely manner has spurred the development of numerous devices and practices.

[0005] The ability to transmit data from the bottom of the well to the surface during drilling without mechanical connections or dedicated wiring offers significant advantages. This has led to the development of measurement-while-drilling (MWD) instruments, which are widely used in oil and gas drilling and formation evaluation. For example, these MWD instruments can be installed in the bottom-of-the-hole assembly (BHA) of the drill string, which is coupled to the derrick above the surface. The MWD instrument can be part of the MWD system (MWD component) within the drill string BHA.

[0006] A pulse generator can be used to transmit information containing measurement data from an underground MWD instrument to a surface computing device. This pulse generator produces pressure pulses from the drilling fluid column in the drill string and transmits them to one or more sensors connected to a pressure-sensitive transducer and further connected to the surface computing device. The pressure pulses can represent data and are generated using a valve mechanism within the pulse generator. However, existing pulse generator technology has several drawbacks, including clogging, improper lubrication, and weak pressure pulses (e.g., in deep wells).

[0007] Therefore, a new type of pulse generator is needed to efficiently and reliably generate pressure pulses and transmit them to pressure sensors located on the ground via drilling fluid. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides an apparatus, device, and method for generating pressure pulses during drilling and propagating these pressure pulses back to the surface through the drilling flow and mud column. In this document, the pulse generator may also be referred to as a "pressure pulse generator," a "pulse generator mechanical module," or a "pulse generating device."

[0009] This invention proposes a pulse generator for generating pressure pulses in drilling fluid during drilling operations. The pulse generator includes: a connector housing, a motor housing, a ball screw housing, a pressure-compensating piston housing, and a filter housing, all formed in a tubular shape and connected in series to form a tubular shell; a pressure-compensating piston dividing the tubular shell into a proximal portion and a distal portion; a motor located in the proximal portion; a servo valve located in the distal portion; and a piston rod coupled to the motor and extending through the pressure-compensating piston into the distal portion, wherein the motor causes the piston rod to reciprocate longitudinally along the tubular shell; wherein the connector housing houses a rotary connector assembly having a female rotary connector and a male rotary connector inserted into the female rotary connector, the female rotary connector being connected to a wiring harness. The filter housing is tubular and includes a plurality of slots circumferentially formed and extending into an inner cavity of the filter housing. The filter housing also includes a proximal member and a distal member disposed at both ends of the inner cavity. The proximal member has a centrally located through-hole and a plurality of grooves extending radially from the through-hole to an outer surface of the filter housing. Each groove is connected to one of the plurality of slots. The servo valve includes a lift valve detachably fixed to a lift valve stem and an orifice member having an orifice allowing drilling fluid to pass through. The orifice member is detachably disposed within the distal member of the filter housing. The reciprocating motion of the lift valve stem causes the lift valve to close or open the orifice to stop or release the drilling fluid flow through the pulse generator.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the orifice in the orifice component is between 0.2 inches and 0.5 inches, and the size of the lift valve matches the orifice.

[0011] Preferably, the pulse generator further includes a compression spring located in the distal portion of the tubular housing, the compression spring applying force to the pressure compensation piston, wherein during operation, the proximal portion is filled with lubricant and the distal portion is filled with drilling fluid, wherein the pressure compensation piston moves longitudinally along the tubular housing in response to the pressure difference between the lubricant and the drilling fluid.

[0012] Preferably, the pulse generator further includes a first sealing ring for sealing the gap between the pressure compensation piston and the tubular housing, and a second sealing ring for sealing the gap between the pressure compensation piston and the piston rod.

[0013] Preferably, the first sealing ring is disposed on the outer surface of the pressure compensation piston, and the second sealing ring is disposed on the inner surface of the pressure compensation piston.

[0014] Preferably, each groove is a straight groove extending from the circumference of the filter housing to the through hole of the filter housing in a direction from the proximal member toward the distal member, and each groove forms an inclination angle of 30°-50° with the axial direction of the filter housing.

[0015] In one embodiment of the invention, the pulse generator includes a connector housing, a motor housing, a ball screw housing, a pressure-compensating piston housing, and a filter housing, all of which are tubular and connected in series to form a tubular housing. The pressure-compensating piston divides the tubular housing into a proximal portion and a distal portion; the motor is located in the proximal portion; the servo valve is located in the distal portion; and the piston rod is coupled to the motor and extends through the pressure-compensating piston into the distal portion. The motor enables the piston rod to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction of the tubular housing.

[0016] The filter housing includes multiple slots extending into its inner cavity. The servo valve includes a lift valve detachably mounted on a lift valve stem, and an orifice member with an orifice allowing drilling fluid to pass through. The reciprocating motion of the lift valve stem allows the lift valve to close or open the orifice, thereby stopping or releasing the drilling fluid flow through the pulse generator.

[0017] In one embodiment, the filter housing is tubular and has a proximal member and a distal member on both sides of the inner cavity. The proximal member has a through hole located at the center and a plurality of grooves extending radially to the outer surface of the filter housing, each groove being connected to one of the plurality of slots.

[0018] In one embodiment, a motor causes a lift valve stem to reciprocate longitudinally along a tubular housing. The servo valve has a lift valve detachably attached to the lift valve stem, and an orifice member with an orifice allowing drilling fluid to pass through, wherein the reciprocating motion of the lift valve stem causes the lift valve to close or open the orifice, thereby stopping or releasing the drilling fluid flow through the pulse generator.

[0019] In another embodiment, the diameter of the orifice in the orifice component is between 0.2 inches and 0.5 inches, and the size of the lift valve matches the orifice.

[0020] In another embodiment, the orifice housing is detachably fixed to the tubular housing, and removing the orifice housing from the tubular housing exposes the lift valve, allowing access to and removal of the lift valve from the tubular housing.

[0021] The pulse generator may also include a compression spring located in the distal portion of the tubular housing, which applies force to a pressure-compensating piston. During operation, the proximal portion is filled with lubricant and the distal portion is filled with drilling fluid, wherein the pressure-compensating piston can move longitudinally along the tubular housing in response to the pressure differential between the lubricant and the drilling fluid.

[0022] In another embodiment of the pulse generator, the pressure-compensating piston includes a helical configuration on its outer and inner surfaces. The helical configuration may include multiple rectangular helical grooves. During operation, lubricant fills the helical grooves. Furthermore, each helical groove is approximately 1 / 16 inch wide and approximately 1 / 32 inch deep, and the helical groove winds approximately one turn around the inner and outer diameters for approximately every two inches of the pressure-compensating piston's length.

[0023] In yet another embodiment, the pulse generator may include a pressure balance plate disposed between the pressure-compensating piston and the compression spring.

[0024] In addition, the pulse generator may have a first sealing ring for sealing the gap between the pressure compensation piston and the tubular housing, and a second sealing ring for sealing the gap between the pressure compensation piston and the piston rod.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for operating a pulse generator. The method includes the following steps: estimating the depth of the pulse generator in the wellbore; estimating the amplitude of the pressure pulse required to propagate from the estimated depth to the surface; selecting the diameter of the orifice and lift valve required to generate the estimated pressure pulse amplitude; and installing an orifice assembly with the selected orifice and lift valve in the pulse generator. For example, when the estimated pressure pulse amplitude is approximately 500 psi, the diameter of the selected orifice may be 0.5 inches.

[0026] In one embodiment, the method may further include the following steps: replacing the orifice component in the pulse generator; and fixing the lift valve to the lift valve stem.

[0027] Furthermore, the orifice component can be selected from a plurality of orifice components having the same outer diameter, and each of the plurality of orifice components has an orifice with a different diameter. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The teachings of the present invention can be readily understood by referring to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below.

[0029] Figure 1 A perspective view of a pulse generator according to one embodiment is shown.

[0030] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a pulse generator according to one embodiment is shown.

[0031] Figure 3A A plan view of the filter housing is shown.

[0032] Figure 3B A cross-sectional view of the filter housing along its axial direction is shown.

[0033] Figure 3C The BB cross-section is shown facing the near end of the filter housing.

[0034] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 10 - Pulse generator, 110 - Connector housing, 114 - Female rotary joint, 115 - Male rotary joint, 120 - Motor housing, 121 - Motor, 130 - Ball screw housing, 131 - Ball screw, 140 - Pressure-compensating piston housing, 141 - Lift valve stem, 142 - Pressure-compensating piston, 143 - Compression spring, 144 - Lift valve, 145 - Piston rod, 150 - Filter housing, 151 - Slot, 152 - Proximal component, 153 - Distal component, 154 - Orifice component, 155 - Groove, 156 - Through hole, and 157 - Fixing screw. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings will now be described in detail. It should be noted that, where feasible, elements using similar or identical reference numerals in the drawings represent similar or identical elements.

[0036] The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention for illustrative purposes only. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that other embodiments exist without departing from the overall principles of the invention.

[0037] In one or more exemplary embodiments, information useful to the drilling personnel can be measured at the bottom of the wellbore, relatively close to the drill bit, and this information can be transmitted to the surface via pressure pulses in the drilling fluid circulation loop. A command to initiate data transmission can be sent by stopping drilling fluid circulation and keeping the drill string stationary for at least a certain period. Upon detection of this command, a measurement-while-drilling (MWD) system (MWD component or MWD tool) can measure at least one downhole condition, typically an analog signal, which can be processed by the MWD tool and prepared for transmission to the surface. When drilling fluid circulation restarts, the MWD tool can wait a predetermined amount of time for the drilling fluid flow to stabilize, and then initiate information transmission by repeatedly closing and opening the valve of a pulse generator to generate pressure pulses in the drilling fluid circulation loop. The transmitted pulse sequence is encoded in a format that allows the information to be decoded at the surface, and the embedded information can be extracted and displayed on a display screen.

[0038] More specifically, the novel pulse generator (“pressure pulse generator,” “pulse generator mechanical module,” or “pulse generating device”) can be coupled to a sensor array, controller, and battery power supply, all housed within a short section of the drill bit near the bottom of the drilled wellbore in the drill string. Commands can be issued from the surface to the MWD system to measure desired parameters and transmit the measurement data to the surface. Upon receiving the command to transmit the information, the downhole controller collects relevant data from the sensor array and transmits this information to the surface by encoding the data into pressure pulses. These pressure pulses propagate upwards along the drilling fluid column within the drill string and are detected at the surface by a pressure-sensitive transducer connected to a computer, which decodes and displays the transmitted data on a screen.

[0039] Measurement while drilling (MWD) systems may include measuring tools for measuring formation properties (e.g., resistivity, natural gamma rays, porosity), wellbore geometry (dip, azimuth), drilling system orientation (tool face), and mechanical properties during drilling. MWD instruments or systems can measure wellbore trajectory, provide magnetic or gravity tool faces for directional control, and telemetry systems can transmit data via pressure waves (i.e., generate pressure pulses propagating through the mud column) through the drill string.

[0040] Modern oil drilling systems can be used for both onshore and subsea drilling. They can be rotary drilling rigs, including a derrick, drill platform, winch, traveling block, hook, rotary joint, kauri pipe, and rotary table. The drill string for drilling consists of multiple drill pipes connected in series and fixed to the bottom of the kauri pipe on the surface. The rotary table is used to rotate the entire drill string, while the winch is used to lower the drill string into the wellbore and apply controlled axial pressure loads. The lower part of the drill string is the bottom assembly (“BHA”).

[0041] Drilling fluid (also known as mud) is typically stored in mud pits or mud tanks and transported using mud pumps. The mud pumps force the drilling fluid through a surge suppressor, then through the kelly hoses and via a rotary joint to the top of the drill string. The drilling fluid flows through the drill string at a rate of approximately 150 gallons per minute to approximately 600 gallons per minute and into the bottomseat assembly. The drilling fluid then returns to the surface through the annulus between the outer surface of the drill string and the wellbore. When the drilling fluid reaches the surface, it is returned to the mud tank via the mud return line.

[0042] The pressure required to maintain drilling fluid circulation is measured by a pressure-sensitive transducer on the kauri hose. The transducer detects pressure changes caused by pressure pulses generated by a pulse generator. The amplitude of the pressure waves from the pulse generator can be as high as 500 psi or higher. The measured pressure is transmitted as an electrical signal via the transducer cable to a ground computer, which decodes and displays the transmitted information. Alternatively, the measured pressure is transmitted as an electrical signal via the transducer cable to a decoder, which decodes the signal and transmits the decoded signal to the ground computer, where the data is displayed on a screen.

[0043] As described above, the lower portion (“far section”) of the drill string includes a bottomscrew assembly comprising a non-magnetic drill collar in which a MWD system (MWD assembly or MWD tool) is mounted, a logging-while-drilling (LWD) instrument, a downhole motor, a near-bit measurement sub, and a drill bit with a drill nozzle. Drilling fluid flows through the drill string and exits through the drill nozzle at the drill bit. During drilling operations, the drilling system can operate in rotary mode, where the drill string is driven to rotate by a motor (i.e., top drive) in a rotary table or traveling block at the surface. The drilling system can also operate in sliding mode, where the drill string is not driven to rotate at the surface, but rather by a downhole motor that rotates the drill bit. Drilling fluid is pumped from the surface through the drill string to the drill bit and injected into the annulus between the drill string and the wellbore wall. As described above, the drilling fluid carries cuttings from the wellbore to the surface. The wellbore may also be referred to as a well or a drilling wellbore.

[0044] In one or more embodiments, the MWD system may include a pulse generator subsection, a pulse generator drive subsection, a battery subsection, a central storage unit, a motherboard, a power supply subsection, a orientation module subsection, and other sensor boards. In some embodiments, some of these devices may be located in other areas of the BHA. One or more of the pulse generator subsection and the pulse generator drive subsection may communicate with a pulse generator, which may be located below the MWD system. The MWD system may transmit data to the pulse generator so that the pulse generator can generate pressure pulses.

[0045] The non-magnetic drill collar houses a Multi-Way Drilling (MWD) system, which includes a suite of instruments for measuring dip, azimuth, wellbore trajectory, and other parameters. LWD instruments (such as neutron porosimeters and density meters) may also be included at other locations on the non-magnetic drill collar or drill string to determine formation properties such as porosity and density. These instruments can also be electrically or wirelessly coupled together and powered by a battery pack or a generator driven by the drilling fluid. All collected information can be transmitted to the surface in the form of pressure pulses through the mud column in the drill string.

[0046] A near-bit measurement sub can be installed between the downhole motor and the drill bit to measure formation resistivity, gamma rays, and wellbore trajectory. Data is transmitted via a cable embedded in the downhole motor to the MWD system in the bottom-end assembly. A pulse generator can be located below the MWD system for communication with it.

[0047] Figure 1 A perspective view of an exemplary pulse generator 10 according to one embodiment is shown. The pulse generator 10 is tubular. It has a connector housing 110 at its proximal end, which is sequentially connected to a motor housing 120, a ball screw housing 130, a pressure compensation piston housing 140, and a filter housing 150 located at the distal end of the pulse generator. These housings are connected together to form an integral component mounted in a drill string.

[0048] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the interior of a pulse generator 10 is shown. The pulse generator 10 includes a connector housing 110, a motor housing 120, a ball screw housing 130, a pressure compensation piston housing 140, and a filter housing 150 connected in series.

[0049] The connector housing 110 houses a rotary connector assembly, which includes a female rotary connector 114 and a male rotary connector 115 inserted into the female rotary connector 114. A wire harness is connected to the proximal end of the female rotary connector 114, for example, via a solder cup (not shown).

[0050] An exemplary male rotary joint 115 has four cylinders of different diameters, which are concentrically connected sequentially. The number of cylinders can be more or less, for example, 2-6, depending on need and operability. The outer surfaces of the concentric cylinders form a corresponding number of steps. One or more electrical contacts are provided on each step. In some embodiments, a conductive strip on a first step is used for electrical grounding; a conductive strip on a second step is used to power a Hall effect sensor that powers a Hall sensor switch of a brushless DC motor (not shown) electrically and signal-connected to an interconnect; a conductive strip on a third step is used to power a brushless DC motor (not shown); and a conductive strip on a fourth step is used to transmit signals to a Hall effect sensor (not shown). In other embodiments, all conductive strips have the same voltage and current ratings so that they can all carry either power or data signals. In still other embodiments, the conductive strips may have different ratings so that some are designed to carry power while others are configured to carry data signals.

[0051] Conversely, the distal portion of the female rotary joint 114 may form a cavity with four steps, corresponding to the four steps in the male rotary joint 105. Each of the four steps in the female rotary joint 114 also has contact portions configured to form an electrical connection with the conductive strip on the male rotary joint 115 after assembly. The rotary joint assembly can maintain electrical connection during rotation.

[0052] refer to Figure 3A and Figure 3B The filter housing 150 is tubular. Multiple slots are provided on the circumference of the filter housing 150. The proximal end of the filter housing 150 has a female connector for receiving a male connector of a pressure-compensating piston housing 140, while the distal end is for receiving a lower end assembly (not shown). The lower end assembly is commercially available, for example, from Enteq Drilling SHO in Houston, Texas, USA.

[0053] The intermediate portion of the filter housing 150 includes a proximal member 152 and a distal member 153, through which a lift valve stem 141 extends. The distal member 153 has an orifice member 154 for receiving a lift valve 144 and serving as a valve seat. Figure 3B In the illustrated embodiment, the orifice member 154 is tubular and located within the distal member 153. The orifice member 154 is secured in place by a pair of retaining screws 157. The opening (i.e., orifice) of the orifice member 154 serves as a seat for receiving the lift valve 144. Therefore, the orifice member 154 can be easily installed and / or replaced.

[0054] like Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3C As shown, the distal member 152 has a plurality of grooves 155. One end of each groove is connected to one end of a slot 151. The distal member 152 also has a through hole for receiving a lifting valve stem 141. The proximal portion of each slot 151 is cut inward from the outer surface at an angle of approximately 30°–50° along the direction of mud flow (e.g., toward the distal end).

[0055] During operation, the mud flow fills the cavity between the proximal component 152 and the distal component 153. Multiple slots 151 prevent particulate matter from entering the cavity and clogging the orifice component 154. Simultaneously, a lift valve 144, driven by a motor 121, moves longitudinally along a lift valve stem 141, thereby opening or closing the orifice component 154 and generating mud pulses that are released into the mud column through the lower assembly. The pressure pulses propagate through the mud column to a pressure-sensitive transducer at the surface. The motor 121 can receive commands from a downhole controller, which may be located within the MWD system.

[0056] Refer again Figure 3A The length of each slot 151 can be between 2 and 4 inches, for example, about 3 inches, and the width can be between 1 / 8 and 1 / 2 inches, for example, 1 / 4 inch. The number of slots can be between 4 and 12, for example, 8 slots.

[0057] Refer again Figure 2 The motor 121 is connected to the ball screw 131, which converts the rotation or oscillation of the motor 121 into linear motion. The ball screw 131 is also connected to the lifting valve rod 141, thereby driving the lifting valve rod 141 to perform linear reciprocating motion. The pressure-compensating piston housing 140 is provided with a piston 142 and a compression spring 143, and the lifting valve rod 141 extends through the pressure-compensating piston housing 140.

[0058] The pressure-compensating piston housing 140 is cylindrical. It has a central through-hole in its longitudinal direction to accommodate the lift valve stem 141. The pressure-compensating piston 142 forms a seal with the inner wall of the housing 140 to divide the pulse generator 10 into a proximal portion (closer to the surface) and a distal portion (closer to the bottom of the well). The lift valve 144 prevents leakage between the drilling fluid in the distal portion and the lubricating oil in the proximal portion.

[0059] Piston 142 and compression spring 143 work together to balance the pressure between the lubricating oil in the proximal portion of the pulse generator and the drilling fluid in the distal portion. During operation, compression spring 143 is compressed, and the lubricating oil in the proximal portion and the drilling fluid in the distal portion are in pressure equilibrium. When lift valve 144 closes orifice member 154 to increase drilling fluid pressure, the drilling fluid exerts a higher pressure on piston 142 proximally, thereby increasing the pressure of the lubricating oil in the proximal portion. When orifice member 154 opens, the drilling fluid pressure decreases, and piston 142 moves distally, thereby decreasing the pressure of the lubricating oil. Therefore, the reciprocating motion of piston 142 balances the pressure between the lubricant in the proximal portion and the drilling fluid in the distal portion.

[0060] During drilling operations, drilling fluid pressures can reach up to 30,000 psi, and pressure pulses can reach up to 500 psi, potentially requiring high-pressure and high-temperature metal seals. However, because lubricating oil is a nearly incompressible fluid, even small changes in its volume generate significant back pressure, thus balancing the pressure from the drilling fluid. Therefore, this configuration eliminates the need for expensive high-pressure, high-temperature reciprocating seals.

[0061] Refer again Figure 3B The filter housing 150 can be disconnected from the rest of the pulse generator 10, allowing the orifice assembly 154 to be replaced depending on drilling conditions. For example, the diameter of the orifice in the orifice assembly 154 can be between 0.2 inches and 0.5 inches. Deeper wells may require stronger mud pulses, thus necessitating a larger orifice. In this case, a filter housing 150 with a larger orifice needs to be installed. A lift valve 144 with an appropriate size to match the orifice is mounted on the top of the lift valve stem 141.

[0062] Figure 3C A cross-section of the proximal member 152 is shown, which has six grooves 155 extending radially from the through-hole 156 to the outer wall of the filter housing.

[0063] While the invention has been described and shown, modifications may be made thereto without departing from its spirit and teachings. The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Many variations and modifications of methods, systems, and apparatuses are possible and fall within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but is limited only by the claims. The scope of the claims may include all equivalents of the subject of the claims.

Claims

1. A pulse generator for generating pressure pulses in drilling fluid during drilling operations, the pulse generator comprising: The joint housing, motor housing, ball screw housing, pressure compensation piston housing, and filter housing are formed in a tubular shape and connected in series to form a tubular shell; A pressure-compensating piston that divides the tubular housing into a proximal portion and a distal portion; The motor is located in the proximal portion; The servo valve is located in the distal portion; as well as A piston rod coupled to the motor and extending through the pressure-compensating piston into the distal portion, wherein the motor causes the piston rod to reciprocate longitudinally along the tubular housing; The connector housing houses a rotary connector assembly, which includes a female rotary connector and a male rotary connector inserted into the female rotary connector. The female rotary connector is connected to the wire harness. The filter housing is tubular and includes a plurality of slots that are formed on the circumference of the filter housing and extend into the inner cavity of the filter housing. The filter housing further includes a proximal member and a distal member disposed at both ends of the inner cavity. The proximal member has a through hole located at the center and a plurality of grooves extending radially from the through hole to the outer surface of the filter housing. Each groove is connected to one of the plurality of slots. The servo valve includes a lift valve detachably fixed to the lift valve stem and an orifice member having an orifice allowing drilling fluid to pass through. The orifice member is detachably disposed within the distal component of the filter housing. The reciprocating motion of the lifting valve stem causes the lifting valve to close or open the orifice, thereby stopping or releasing the drilling fluid flow through the pulse generator.

2. The pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the orifice in the orifice component is between 0.2 inches and 0.5 inches, and the size of the lift valve matches the orifice.

3. The pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a compression spring located in the distal portion of the tubular housing, the compression spring applying force to the pressure-compensating piston, wherein during operation, the proximal portion is filled with lubricant and the distal portion is filled with drilling fluid, wherein the pressure-compensating piston moves longitudinally along the tubular housing in response to the pressure difference between the lubricant and the drilling fluid.

4. The pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first sealing ring for sealing the gap between the pressure-compensating piston and the tubular housing, and a second sealing ring for sealing the gap between the pressure-compensating piston and the piston rod.

5. The pulse generator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first sealing ring is disposed on the outer surface of the pressure compensation piston, and the second sealing ring is disposed on the inner surface of the pressure compensation piston.

6. The pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each groove is a straight groove extending from the circumference of the filter housing to the through hole of the filter housing in a direction from the proximal member toward the distal member, and each groove forms an inclination angle of 30°-50° with the axial direction of the filter housing.

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