Liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device integrated with printed permanent magnet synchronous motor

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid cooling centrifugal pump device of an integrated printed permanent magnet synchronous motor, and belongs to the technical field of centrifugal pumps. The liquid cooling centrifugal pump device of the integrated printed permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a pump base and an upper cover, the pump base and the upper cover are sealed to form a storage cavity, an inlet flow channel is formed in the upper cover, an outlet flow channel is formed in one side of the pump base, and the inlet flow channel, the storage cavity and the outlet flow channel form a complete fluid flow channel; an impeller, a motor rotor and a motor stator are coaxially arranged in the storage cavity from top to bottom, back iron is fixedly connected to the bottom of the impeller, a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the back iron, a permanent magnet is embedded in the fixing frame, a connecting shaft is vertically and rotatably connected in the storage cavity, and the impeller, the back iron and the fixing frame fixedly sleeve the connecting shaft; when an external controller applies three-phase alternating current, the permanent magnet is directly driven to rotate, electromagnetic torque does not need a mechanical transmission chain, and the problems of large size, low efficiency and poor reliability in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of centrifugal pump technology, and more specifically to a liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device integrating a printed permanent magnet synchronous motor. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of power batteries, power electronic devices, and integrated circuit technology, the power density of various devices is constantly increasing, and their heat generation per unit area is significantly increasing. If heat dissipation is insufficient, it can easily lead to risks such as reduced efficiency, shortened lifespan, thermal fatigue accumulation, and even thermal runaway. Therefore, high-efficiency liquid cooling technology has become the mainstream heat dissipation solution.

[0003] Existing miniature liquid-cooled pumps generally use independent motor drives, transmitting motor torque to the impeller via couplings, mechanical shafts, or magnetic coupling. While this structure achieves basic driving functions, the physical separation of the motor and pump body necessitates additional bearings, sealing cavities, connecting parts, and other transitional components, leading to increased overall size and a longer transmission chain. The split structure creates multiple mechanical transition links, increasing friction losses and coupling errors, and making it difficult to arrange in space-constrained battery packs, electronic controllers, and high-density electronic equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device that integrates a printed permanent magnet synchronous motor.

[0005] This invention provides a liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device integrating a printed permanent magnet synchronous motor, including a pump base and a top cover. The pump base and the top cover are sealed to form a storage cavity. An inlet flow channel is opened on the top cover, and an outlet flow channel is opened on one side of the pump base. The inlet flow channel, the storage cavity, and the outlet flow channel form a complete fluid flow channel. An impeller, a back iron, and a fixing frame are coaxially arranged from top to bottom through a connecting shaft in the storage cavity. A motor stator is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pump base. The back iron is fixedly connected to the bottom of the impeller, and the fixing frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the back iron. A plurality of permanent magnets are embedded in the fixing frame. The motor stator is used to drive the permanent magnets, thereby driving the components on the connecting shaft to rotate.

[0006] Preferably, the pump base is integrally molded using a three-dimensional photopolymerization process, the inlet flow channel is in the shape of a gradually expanding trumpet, and the outlet flow channel is provided with a flow guide grid.

[0007] Preferably, the inner wall of the pump base is provided with a limiting cavity for limiting the impeller.

[0008] Preferably, the motor stator is formed by laminating multiple layers of printed circuit boards with insulating resin layers. Each layer of the printed circuit board is electrically connected to the three-phase copper foil windings through metallized vias. The three-phase copper foil windings are designed in trapezoidal, circular, rhomboid or a combination thereof according to space constraints and electromagnetic performance requirements.

[0009] Preferably, the permanent magnet is fan-shaped, circular, or rectangular as required, and is fixedly connected to the fixing frame by a titanium alloy adhesive.

[0010] Preferably, the impeller includes a plurality of arc-shaped blades, the inlet end of the blades is provided with an inclination angle, and the outlet end is radially diffused. The blades are configured to be backward-curved, forward-curved, or radially curved depending on the usage.

[0011] Preferably, the upper cover is sealed to the pump seat by an O-ring, and the upper cover is fastened to the pump seat by stainless steel screws.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The pump base and top cover are sealed to form a storage chamber. The inlet flow channel, storage chamber and outlet flow channel form a complete fluid channel. The traditional motor housing, coupling and other intermediate parts are eliminated, which greatly reduces the size of the whole machine. The motor stator is set at the bottom of the pump base, while the impeller, back iron, fixed frame and permanent magnet are coaxially fixed by the connecting shaft to form an integrated rotor and impeller assembly. When the external controller applies three-phase AC power, it directly drives the permanent magnet to rotate. The electromagnetic torque does not need to be transmitted by a mechanical chain. Through electromagnetic and hydraulic synergy optimization, high power density and stability are maintained in a small volume, which solves the problems of large size, low efficiency and poor reliability in the existing technology. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the backward-curved blade structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the forward-curving blade structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the radial structure of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Pump base; 2. Top cover; 3. Storage chamber; 4. Inlet flow channel; 5. Outlet flow channel; 6. Impeller; 7. Motor stator; 8. O-ring; 9. Back iron; 10. Fixing frame; 11. Blade; 12. Permanent magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-5 To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art.

[0020] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in the patent application specification and claims of this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "inner," "outer," "upper," "lower," "far," "near," "front," and "rear" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. The drawings in this invention are not strictly drawn to scale; the specific dimensions and quantity of each structure can be determined according to actual needs. The drawings described in this invention are merely structural schematic diagrams.

[0021] This invention provides a liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device integrating a printed permanent magnet synchronous motor, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, the pump includes a pump base 1 and a top cover 2. The pump base 1 and the top cover 2 are sealed to form a storage cavity 3. An inlet flow channel 4 is provided on the top cover 2, and an outlet flow channel 5 is provided on one side of the pump base 1. The inlet flow channel 4, the storage cavity 3, and the outlet flow channel 5 form a complete fluid flow channel. An impeller 6, a back iron 9, and a fixing frame 10 are coaxially arranged from top to bottom through a connecting shaft in the storage cavity 3. A motor stator 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pump base 1. The back iron 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the impeller 6. The fixing frame 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the back iron 9. Several permanent magnets 12 are embedded in the fixing frame 10. The motor stator 7 is used to drive the permanent magnets 12, thereby driving the components on the connecting shaft to rotate.

[0022] The storage chamber 3 is coaxially arranged from top to bottom with an impeller 6, a motor rotor, and a motor stator 7. The motor stator 7 is located at the bottom of the pump base 1. The bottom of the impeller 6 is fixedly connected to a back iron 9. The bottom of the back iron 9 is fixedly connected to a fixing frame 10. A permanent magnet 12 is embedded in the fixing frame 10. A connecting shaft is vertically rotatably connected inside the storage chamber 3. The impeller 6, the back iron 9, and the fixing frame 10 are all fixedly sleeved on the connecting shaft.

[0023] In this embodiment, the pump base 1 and the upper cover 2 are sealed to form a storage cavity 3. The inlet flow channel 4, the storage cavity 3 and the outlet flow channel 5 constitute a complete fluid channel. The traditional motor housing, coupling and other intermediate components are eliminated, which greatly reduces the size of the whole machine. The motor stator 7 is set at the bottom of the pump base 1, while the impeller 6, back iron 9, fixing frame 10 and permanent magnet 12 are coaxially fixed by the connecting shaft to form an integrated rotor and impeller 6 assembly. When the external controller applies three-phase AC power, it directly drives the permanent magnet 12 to rotate. The electromagnetic torque does not need to be mechanically transmitted by a chain. Through electromagnetic and hydraulic synergy optimization, high power density and stability are maintained in a small volume, which solves the problems of large size, low efficiency and poor reliability in the prior art.

[0024] Preferred, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the pump base 1 is integrally molded using a three-dimensional light curing process, the inlet flow channel 4 is in the shape of a gradually expanding trumpet, and the outlet flow channel 5 is equipped with a flow guide grid.

[0025] In this embodiment, the pump base 1 is integrally formed to avoid assembly gaps, enhance structural strength and sealing, reduce leakage risk, and the gradually expanding horn-shaped inlet channel 4 can smoothly guide the fluid in, reduce inlet turbulence and energy loss, and improve suction efficiency. Meanwhile, the flow guide grid of the outlet channel 5 optimizes the flow field distribution, reduces eddies and pressure drop, and makes the fluid output more stable.

[0026] Preferred, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, a limiting cavity for limiting the impeller 6 is provided on the inner side wall of the pump base 1.

[0027] In this embodiment, the limiting cavity restricts the radial and axial movement of the impeller 6, preventing it from shifting or vibrating during high-speed rotation, thereby improving operational stability and lifespan; it also reduces the risk of collision between the impeller 6 and the pump base 1 wall, reduces noise and wear, and simplifies the assembly process for easy maintenance.

[0028] Preferred, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the motor stator 7 is formed by laminating multiple layers of printed circuit boards with insulating resin layers. Each layer of printed circuit board is electrically connected to the three-phase copper foil windings through metallized vias. The three-phase copper foil windings are designed in trapezoidal, circular, rhomboid or a combination thereof according to space constraints and electromagnetic performance requirements.

[0029] In this embodiment, winding accuracy and consistency are improved, electromagnetic losses are reduced, and the high conductivity of the copper foil windings makes magnetic field generation more efficient, increasing power density. The multi-layer design allows for flexible wiring to adapt to different spatial constraints, such as optimizing the magnetic field distribution at the bottom of the compact pump base 1 to enhance torque output. Simultaneously, the insulating resin layer provides good vibration resistance and thermal stability, extending motor life. Circular windings help reduce current concentration effects, while rhomboid windings optimize flux distribution within limited space. The hybrid composite topology balances torque output and operational smoothness, thereby improving the motor's adaptability in highly integrated liquid-cooled pump devices. Different winding topologies are used to achieve a comprehensive trade-off between structural dimensions, electromagnetic performance, and manufacturing processes to meet the application requirements of liquid-cooled centrifugal pumps under high-speed, miniaturized conditions.

[0030] Preferred, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the permanent magnet 12 is fan-shaped, circular, or rectangular as required, and is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 10 by titanium alloy adhesive.

[0031] In this embodiment, when a fan-shaped permanent magnet 12 is used, the outer circle of the permanent magnet 12 matches the outer circumference of the rotor, which is beneficial for forming a more uniform air gap magnetic field distribution, thereby reducing torque pulsation and improving the smoothness of motor operation. When a circular permanent magnet 12 is used, the permanent magnet 12 can be fixed to the rotor by embedding or bonding, which simplifies the processing and assembly process, helps reduce manufacturing costs, and improves the consistency of the device. When a rectangular permanent magnet 12 is used, the permanent magnet 12 can be arranged according to a predetermined polarity and arrangement, which facilitates the construction of a specific magnetic circuit structure, thereby improving magnetic field utilization efficiency and torque output capability. The different shapes of permanent magnets 12 are used to achieve flexible design of the rotor magnetic circuit structure while taking into account magnetic field performance, manufacturing cost, and assembly process.

[0032] Preferred, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the impeller 6 includes several arc-shaped blades 11. The inlet end of the blade 11 is set with an inclination angle, and the outlet end diffuses radially. The blades 11 are configured as backward-curved blades 11, forward-curved blades 11, or radial blades 11 depending on the usage.

[0033] In this embodiment, the outlet end diffuses radially and can be designed as backward-curved, forward-curved, or radial blades 11. Specifically, backward-curved blades 11 have higher hydraulic efficiency and better stability near rated operating conditions, and the shaft power decreases with increasing flow rate, which helps to suppress overload and is suitable for high-efficiency, low-noise applications. Forward-curved blades 11 have a larger number of blades 11, which can obtain a larger flow rate and head at lower speeds, but the efficiency is relatively low and the shaft power increases with increasing flow rate, making them suitable for applications with high requirements for compactness and low-speed performance. Radial blades 11 have a simple structure and high mechanical strength, and are well adaptable to fluids containing gas or impurities, but the hydraulic efficiency is lower and the pulsation and noise are greater.

[0034] Preferred, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the upper cover 2 is sealed to the pump base 1 by an O-ring 8, and the upper cover 2 is fastened to the pump base 1 by stainless steel screws.

[0035] In this embodiment, the O-ring 8 provides an elastic seal, effectively preventing coolant leakage and maintaining seal integrity even under high pressure; the stainless steel screws ensure a firm connection, are highly corrosion resistant, and improve the overall durability and safety of the device.

[0036] The method of using the liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device with integrated printed permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present invention is as follows: Check the sealing of pump base 1 and top cover 2, ensure O-ring 8 is intact, and tighten the connection with stainless steel screws; connect inlet flow channel 4 to the coolant source, and outlet flow channel 5 to the liquid cooling circulation system, ensuring there are no leaks in the pipeline. When the external controller power is turned on, three-phase AC current is applied to the three-phase copper foil windings of the PCB stator. The windings generate a rotating magnetic field, which interacts with the permanent magnet 12 to drive the rotor and impeller 6 to rotate. The impeller 6 rotates at high speed in the storage chamber 3. Coolant is drawn in from the inlet channel 4, accelerated outward by centrifugal force, and discharged from the outlet channel 5 after being pressurized in the volute region, forming a continuous cycle. During operation, the flow rate and pressure need to be monitored. The speed can be optimized by adjusting the controller current to adapt to different heat dissipation requirements.

[0037] After the power is turned off, impeller 6 gradually stops. Check the device for abnormal vibration or leakage. For long-term use, clean impeller 6 and the flow channel regularly to prevent impurities from accumulating and ensure good insulation of the PCB stator to maintain efficient and stable operation. The whole process is simple and reliable, and suitable for automated control scenarios.

[0038] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device integrating a printed permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that, The device includes a pump base and a top cover, which are sealed to form a storage cavity. An inlet flow channel is provided on the top cover, and an outlet flow channel is provided on one side of the pump base. The inlet flow channel, the storage cavity, and the outlet flow channel form a complete fluid flow channel. The storage chamber is coaxially arranged from top to bottom via a connecting shaft, including an impeller, a back iron, and a fixing frame. A motor stator is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pump base. The back iron is fixedly connected to the bottom of the impeller, and the fixing frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the back iron. Several permanent magnets are embedded in the fixing frame. The motor stator is used to drive the permanent magnets, thereby driving the components on the connecting shaft to rotate.

2. The liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device integrating a printed permanent magnet synchronous motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pump body is integrally molded using a three-dimensional light curing process. The inlet flow channel is in the shape of a gradually expanding trumpet, and the outlet flow channel is equipped with a flow guide grid.

3. The liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device integrating a printed permanent magnet synchronous motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the pump base is provided with a limiting cavity for limiting the impeller.

4. The liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device integrating a printed permanent magnet synchronous motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The motor stator is formed by laminating multiple layers of printed circuit boards with insulating resin layers. Each layer of the printed circuit board is electrically connected to the three-phase copper foil windings through metallized vias. The three-phase copper foil windings are designed in trapezoidal, circular, rhomboid or a combination thereof according to space constraints and electromagnetic performance requirements.

5. The liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device integrating a printed permanent magnet synchronous motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet is fan-shaped, circular, or rectangular, depending on the requirements, and is fixedly connected to the fixing frame using a titanium alloy adhesive.

6. The liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device integrating a printed permanent magnet synchronous motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The impeller includes several arc-shaped blades, with an inlet end set at an angle and an outlet end that diffuses radially. Depending on the application, the blades can be configured as backward-curved blades, forward-curved blades, or radial blades.

7. The liquid-cooled centrifugal pump device integrating a printed permanent magnet synchronous motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top cover is sealed to the pump base by an O-ring, and the top cover is fastened to the pump base by stainless steel screws.

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