Vehicle lock system of two-wheeled vehicle and two-wheeled vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a bicycle lock system of a two-wheeled vehicle and the two-wheeled vehicle, and relates to the technical field of two-wheeled vehicles. The vehicle lock system comprises an information acquisition sensor used for acquiring hand biological characteristic information input by a user; the microcontroller is connected with the information acquisition sensor and is used for receiving the hand biological characteristic information acquired by the information acquisition sensor and obtaining an validity verification result according to the hand biological characteristic information; the vehicle control unit is connected with the microcontroller and used for receiving the validity verification result and generating a vehicle lock control instruction according to the validity verification result; and the vehicle lock is connected with the whole vehicle controller and used for receiving the vehicle lock control instruction and switching between an unlocking state and a locking state according to the vehicle lock control instruction. The bicycle lock system can realize more convenient bicycle lock control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of two-wheeled vehicle technology, and more particularly to a two-wheeled vehicle lock system and a two-wheeled vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In modern urban commuting scenarios, two-wheeled vehicles such as electric bikes, bicycles, and motorcycles are widely used for short-distance travel, shared mobility, and personal transportation due to their convenience, flexibility, and environmental friendliness. However, existing two-wheeled vehicle locking systems have some significant shortcomings.

[0003] For example, most existing two-wheeled vehicle lock systems are based on Bluetooth communication, Near Field Communication (NFC), or manual password input. These systems have certain limitations on unlocking / locking conditions. For instance, Bluetooth communication lock systems rely on the user's Bluetooth device, such as a mobile phone or smartwatch. If the user forgets to bring their Bluetooth device or the device's battery is low, the two-wheeled vehicle cannot be unlocked. Similarly, NFC lock systems rely on the user's NFC SIM card. If the user forgets to bring their NFC SIM card or the NFC SIM card malfunctions, the two-wheeled vehicle cannot be unlocked. Furthermore, for manual password input lock systems, if the user forgets their password, the two-wheeled vehicle cannot be unlocked, making it less user-friendly for users prone to forgetting passwords. Alternatively, manually entering a password requires manipulating multiple keypads, resulting in low unlocking efficiency, especially in rainy, sunny, or low-light conditions, which not only slows down unlocking but also degrades the user experience.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a two-wheeled vehicle lock system with lower restrictions on opening / closing conditions and higher unlocking efficiency to meet users' needs for convenient and efficient opening / closing of two-wheeled vehicle locks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a vehicle lock system and a two-wheeled vehicle to improve the convenience of vehicle lock control.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle lock system for a two-wheeled vehicle, the vehicle lock system comprising:

[0007] Information acquisition sensor, used to collect hand biometric information input by the user;

[0008] The microcontroller is connected to the information acquisition sensor to receive the hand biometric information collected by the information acquisition sensor and obtain the validity verification result based on the hand biometric information.

[0009] The vehicle controller is connected to the microcontroller and is used to receive the validity verification results and generate vehicle lock control commands based on the validity verification results.

[0010] The vehicle lock is connected to the vehicle controller and is used to receive vehicle lock control commands and switch between unlocked and locked states according to the vehicle lock control commands.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the information acquisition sensor includes a first sensor and a second sensor. The first sensor and the second sensor are hand biometric information acquisition sensors with different working principles. The hand biometric information includes first feature information and second feature information acquired with different acquisition principles.

[0012] The information acquisition sensor also includes an acquisition unit, which is connected to the first sensor and the second sensor respectively. The acquisition unit is used to acquire first feature information for the first sensor and acquire second feature information for the second sensor.

[0013] The microcontroller receives the first feature information and the second feature information, and performs validity verification based on the first feature information and the second feature information to obtain the validity verification result.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the validity verification result includes valid results and invalid results;

[0015] Valid results indicate that the hand biometric information has been verified, allowing control of the vehicle lock status based on the hand biometric information; invalid results indicate that the hand biometric information has not been verified, prohibiting control of the vehicle lock status based on the hand biometric information.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the microcontroller is further configured to perform validity verification based on the first feature information acquired by the first sensor to obtain a first sub-result;

[0017] The microcontroller is also used to verify the validity of the second feature information collected by the second sensor and obtain the second sub-result;

[0018] The microcontroller is also used to obtain a valid result if at least one of the first and second sub-results indicates that the verification has passed.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the first sensor and the second sensor are fingerprint sensors with different acquisition principles; or, the first sensor and the second sensor are a fingerprint sensor and a finger vein sensor, respectively.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the vehicle lock system further includes a storage unit connected to a microcontroller, the storage unit being used to store verification information for verifying hand biometric information;

[0021] The microcontroller is also used to call the verification information stored in the storage unit when it receives hand biometric information collected from the information acquisition sensor, and compare and verify the verification information with the hand biometric information, and obtain the validity verification result based on the comparison and verification result.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the vehicle lock system also includes a single signal line disposed between the vehicle controller and the microcontroller. The single signal line is used to support data transmission using a one-wire communication protocol and to send the validity verification result to the vehicle controller.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the vehicle lock system also includes a throttle heater connected to a microcontroller, the throttle heater being used to heat the throttle of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0024] The microcontroller is also used to control the throttle heater to heat the throttle of the two-wheeled vehicle when it receives hand biometric information collected from the information acquisition sensor.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the vehicle lock system also includes a throttle opening sensor, which is connected to a microcontroller. The throttle opening sensor is used to collect throttle opening information, which is used to characterize the opening degree of the throttle of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0026] The throttle opening sensor is also used to send the collected throttle opening information to the microcontroller;

[0027] The microcontroller is also used to perform data conversion processing on the throttle opening information using a predefined communication protocol to obtain the throttle opening message, and then send the throttle opening message to the vehicle controller.

[0028] The vehicle controller is also used to control the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle based on the throttle opening message from the microcontroller, when the vehicle lock is switched to the unlocked state based on the validity verification result.

[0029] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a two-wheeled vehicle that includes a vehicle lock system as described in the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0030] The two-wheeled vehicle lock system and two-wheeled vehicle provided in this application embodiment integrate an information acquisition sensor and a microcontroller into the two-wheeled vehicle. This allows the user's input hand biometric information to be used for lock status control, solving the problem of relying on external physical devices such as Bluetooth devices, physical keys, near-field communication cards, and combination locks for unlocking two-wheeled vehicles in existing technologies. Users can complete matching verification by touching the information acquisition sensor, eliminating the need to carry additional unlocking devices and improving the convenience of lock control operation. Furthermore, the uniqueness and difficulty in cracking hand biometric information ensures high security in the verification process, effectively preventing unauthorized unlocking. Applying it to two-wheeled vehicle lock control enables touch-to-unlock functionality. The integrated setup of the information acquisition sensor, microcontroller, vehicle controller, and lock overcomes the incompatibility issues between external devices and the vehicle's communication protocols, and allows the vehicle controller to directly control the lock status based on the verification results, eliminating the need for external devices. This reduces the complexity and failure rate of the lock system, further improving its stability and versatility. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle lock system structure of a two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the throttle structure of a two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the vehicle state control method for a two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the access control method for a two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the vehicle status control device for a two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the access control device for a two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 101-Information acquisition sensor; 102-Microcontroller; 103-Vehicle controller; 104-Vehicle lock; 105-Storage unit; 106-Instrument panel; 107-Horn; 201-Fingerprint sensor; 202-Hall sensor; 203-Magnet; 204-Throttle; 205-Single signal wire; 701-Processor; 702-Memory.

[0041] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0043] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Furthermore, the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure, and application of the relevant data all comply with the relevant laws, regulations, and standards of the relevant countries and regions, have taken necessary confidentiality measures, do not violate public order and good morals, and provide corresponding operation access points for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0044] Furthermore, the technical solution involved in this application, which involves big data analysis of user information (including but not limited to personal biometrics, identity data, consumption data, asset data, electronic terminal operation data, etc.) and the use of artificial intelligence technology for automated decision-making, and makes decisions that have a significant impact on personal rights based on the results of automated decision-making, provides users with corresponding operation entry points for users to choose to agree to or reject the results of automated decision-making; if the user chooses to reject, the process will proceed to the expert decision-making process.

[0045] In this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0046] In the embodiments of this application, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is to distinguish between identical or similar items that have essentially the same function and effect. For example, "first electronic device" and "second electronic device" are merely used to distinguish different electronic devices and do not limit their order of execution. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and that "first" and "second" do not necessarily imply that they are different.

[0047] In this application embodiment, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0048] The vehicle lock system for two-wheeled vehicles described in this application can be applied to short-distance urban travel scenarios, including electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and smart shared two-wheeled vehicles. In daily commutes, school trips, or community delivery scenarios, users' demands for the convenience, safety, and intelligence of two-wheeled vehicles are increasing. Existing unlocking methods for two-wheeled vehicles, such as physical keys, Bluetooth sensing, near-field communication cards, or password input, have significant drawbacks.

[0049] For example, physical keys are easily lost and need to be carried at all times, increasing the user's memory and carrying burden, which does not meet the intelligent development needs of contactless one-button start two-wheeled vehicles. Bluetooth unlocking relies on the Bluetooth function of Bluetooth devices such as mobile phones, such as pairing the mobile phone with the vehicle's Bluetooth to achieve automatic unlocking. However, this solution has Bluetooth system compatibility issues. Differences in Bluetooth protocols between different brands of mobile phones and vehicle systems can lead to unstable unlocking success rates. In addition, users need to carry their Bluetooth devices with them and ensure that the devices have power. If the power is insufficient or there is signal interference, it will not work, affecting the user's normal unlocking and locking.

[0050] For example, near-field communication (NFC) vehicle lock systems rely on a dedicated NFC card for unlocking. This card must be held close to the bicycle's card reader (e.g., within 5cm), limiting its unlocking capabilities. Furthermore, NFC cards are easily lost or damaged, requiring users to carry them, thus restricting their use. Combination locks typically unlock by entering a password via a roller or button on the throttle, a cumbersome and time-consuming process. Especially in emergencies (such as rain or low temperatures), errors are common, making quick password entry difficult and resulting in low unlocking efficiency.

[0051] In addition, the throttle functions of two-wheeled vehicles (such as throttle control, light adjustment, horn triggering, etc.) are usually transmitted through analog signals, which are complex with complex wiring harnesses, susceptible to signal interference, and cannot integrate intelligent functions.

[0052] The vehicle lock system for two-wheeled vehicles provided in this application embodiment can achieve a keyless, highly secure, and convenient unlocking experience by integrating information acquisition sensors (such as fingerprint sensors and finger vein sensors) on the throttle and combining them with the collaborative work of a microcontroller unit (MCU) and a vehicle control unit (VCU). Furthermore, digital signal processing simplifies the handlebar wiring harness design and improves the overall intelligence level of the two-wheeled vehicle. The vehicle lock system provided in this application embodiment can also be applied to the shared two-wheeled vehicle sector, quickly identifying user identity and authorizing usage permissions, solving the identity verification problem in shared scenarios, while simultaneously meeting individual users' needs for privacy protection and operational efficiency.

[0053] This application proposes using hand biometric information (fingerprints, finger veins, etc.) for lock status control in a two-wheeled vehicle lock system to solve the problems caused by relying on external devices or passwords for lock status control. Furthermore, to improve the environmental adaptability of biometric identification (such as wet hands or dirt), a multimodal sensor redundancy verification logic is introduced to ensure recognition reliability in complex scenarios.

[0054] Furthermore, addressing the complexity of existing throttle signal transmission, this application proposes integrating a microcontroller into the throttle of the two-wheeled vehicle to digitize the analog signals collected from the throttle and its surroundings. Moreover, transmission can be achieved via a single-wire communication protocol, simplifying wiring harness design and improving signal stability. Therefore, by integrating functions such as hand biometric authentication, throttle heater control, and throttle opening sensor, an integrated intelligent vehicle lock system can be constructed, achieving seamless coordination of unlocking, power control, user access management, and throttle heating capabilities, forming a complete intelligent improvement solution for two-wheeled vehicles.

[0055] In view of this, this application provides a vehicle lock system for a two-wheeled vehicle. By integrating information acquisition sensors, a microcontroller, a vehicle controller, and a lock into the two-wheeled vehicle, it achieves seamless integration of identity verification based on hand biometrics and lock status control. The microcontroller enables digital signal processing and redundant verification logic for the lock status, improving unlocking security, ease of operation, and system stability. This application's vehicle lock system breaks through the existing unlocking mode of two-wheeled vehicles that relies on physical keys or external devices (Bluetooth, near-field communication, or passwords). It constructs a secure and convenient user verification system through the uniqueness and non-replicability of hand biometric information. Furthermore, it combines sensors with different acquisition principles for redundant verification, improving the reliability of verification results and enhancing the intelligence level of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0056] For example, the vehicle lock system for two-wheeled vehicles provided in this application embodiment can be applied to any two-wheeled vehicle, such as two-wheeled electric bicycles, two-wheeled electric motorcycles, two-wheeled balance bikes, two-wheeled scooters, and smart shared two-wheeled vehicles. For instance, the structure of the two-wheeled vehicle includes: an information acquisition sensor integrating a fingerprint sensor and / or a finger vein sensor, a microcontroller, and a vehicle controller. Furthermore, the structure of the two-wheeled vehicle may also include a storage unit, a throttle heater, and a throttle opening sensor. The throttle can be one of the core operating components of the two-wheeled vehicle, therefore, an information acquisition sensor can be integrated on the throttle. Users complete the collection of hand biometric information by gripping the throttle, and can complete authentication and unlocking operations by touching the throttle, achieving contactless authentication and vehicle lock status control. The microcontroller can be used for hand biometric information comparison, digital conversion of throttle signals (such as throttle, lights, horn, etc.), and can transmit data to the vehicle controller via a one-wire communication protocol, realizing keyless, highly secure, and intelligent two-wheeled vehicle control.

[0057] The technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The specific embodiments described below can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle lock system structure for a two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle lock system includes an information acquisition sensor 101, a microcontroller 102, a vehicle controller 103, and a vehicle lock 104.

[0059] The information acquisition sensor 101 is used to collect the user's hand biometric information; the microcontroller 102 is connected to the information acquisition sensor 101 and is used to receive the hand biometric information collected by the information acquisition sensor 101 and obtain the validity verification result based on the hand biometric information; the vehicle controller 103 is connected to the microcontroller 102 and is used to receive the validity verification result and generate the vehicle lock control command based on the validity verification result; the vehicle lock 104 is connected to the vehicle controller 103 and is used to receive the vehicle lock control command and switch between the unlocked state and the locked state based on the vehicle lock control command.

[0060] For example, hand biometric information can be used to verify the validity of locking the two-wheeled vehicle, where the lock status includes unlocked or locked. A microcontroller is connected to an information acquisition sensor. If the microcontroller receives hand biometric information from the sensor, it verifies the validity of the information and obtains a validity verification result. A vehicle controller is connected to the microcontroller. If the vehicle controller receives the validity verification result from the microcontroller, it controls the locking status of the two-wheeled vehicle based on the result.

[0061] For example, an information acquisition sensor can be understood as a hardware module used to collect biometric information from a user's hand, including but not limited to fingerprint sensors and finger vein sensors. Examples include capacitive fingerprint sensors, optical fingerprint sensors, and infrared finger vein sensors. Hand biometric information can be understood as biometric data from a user's hand, including but not limited to fingerprints and finger veins. Examples include the capacitive signal of a user's fingerprint and the infrared light signal of a finger vein.

[0062] A microcontroller can be understood as an embedded controller with data processing capabilities, used to receive biometric information, execute verification algorithms, and output control signals. Examples include microcontroller chips based on instruction set architectures and dedicated biometric processing chips.

[0063] The vehicle controller can be understood as the core control module of a two-wheeled vehicle, used to receive and process verification results from the microcontroller and control the opening and closing status of the vehicle locks. For example, it can be a vehicle controller chip or chipset integrated into the frame. The vehicle controller and microcontroller can interact via a preset communication protocol to ensure the reliability and real-time performance of signal transmission. The preset communication protocol can be any communication protocol suitable for two-wheeled vehicles, such as a one-wire communication protocol or a Controller Area Network Bus (CAN) communication protocol.

[0064] A vehicle lock can be any device that can restrict wheel rotation, limit motor output, or restrict the control of the entire vehicle to achieve anti-theft or parking security. For example, it can be a mechanical lock such as a wheel hub lock, motor shaft lock, or steering lock; or it can be an electronic lock such as an electronic lock motor, electronic steering lock, or ignition lock.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, in one possible implementation, the vehicle lock system further includes a storage unit 105, which is connected to a microcontroller 102. The storage unit 105 is used to store verification information for verifying hand biometric information. The microcontroller 102 is also used to, upon receiving hand biometric information collected from the information acquisition sensor 101, call the verification information stored in the storage unit 105, compare and verify the verification information with the hand biometric information, and obtain a validity verification result based on the comparison and verification result.

[0066] For example, a storage unit can be understood as a hardware module used to store authentication information. Examples include a microcontroller's built-in read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), and / or an external electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM). Authentication information can be understood as standards used for authentication, such as pre-recorded and stored user fingerprints or finger veins. For instance, the storage unit can pre-record and store the fingerprints and / or finger veins of multiple users.

[0067] For example, 16 fingerprints are pre-stored in the ROM storage unit connected to the microcontroller. When a user inputs their fingerprint through the fingerprint sensor during two-wheeled vehicle use, the fingerprint sensor sends the collected fingerprint to the microcontroller. The microcontroller temporarily stores the acquired fingerprint in the RAM storage unit and iterates through the 16 pre-stored fingerprints in the ROM storage unit to compare and verify them with the fingerprints temporarily stored in the RAM storage unit. If the currently acquired fingerprint matches any of the 16 pre-stored fingerprints, the verification result is successful; if the currently acquired fingerprint does not match any of the 16 pre-stored fingerprints (i.e., the match fails), the verification result is unsuccessful.

[0068] Successful or unsuccessful matching can be determined, for example, by the number or proportion of successfully matched feature points. For instance, a preset feature point matching ratio threshold can be used. When matching hand biometric information with verification information, if the ratio between the number of successfully matched feature points and the total number of feature points involved in the matching is greater than or equal to the feature point matching ratio threshold, the matching is considered successful; if the ratio is less than the threshold, the matching is considered unsuccessful. Alternatively, other methods can be used to determine successful or unsuccessful matching, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0069] In this embodiment, by integrating a storage unit into the vehicle lock system, localized management of hand biometric data and verification information can be achieved. For example, administrators can add or delete fingerprint / finger vein verification information through the management interface, thereby supporting multi-user access control and improving the scalability and security of the vehicle lock system.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle lock system also includes an instrument panel 106 and a horn 107. Furthermore, the system can also include other external devices. For example, a capacitive fingerprint sensor is used to collect hand biometric information, communicating with the microcontroller 102 of the throttle via an Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) interface. The ROM can store 16 fingerprints. The vehicle controller 103 serves as the control center of the vehicle, communicating with the fingerprint throttle via a one-wire communication protocol (single signal line and one-wire communication protocol). The instrument panel 106 serves as the display interface, providing relevant information. The horn 107 serves as the playback medium for alert tones, capable of playing preset alert tones. The throttle voltage signal can be acquired via an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) interface, converted into a digital signal, and transmitted to the vehicle controller 103 via a one-wire communication protocol, thereby realizing the throttle function.

[0071] In one possible implementation, the validity verification result includes a valid result and an invalid result; wherein, a valid result indicates that the hand biometric information verification is passed, allowing control of the vehicle lock status based on the hand biometric information; an invalid result indicates that the hand biometric information verification is failed, prohibiting control of the vehicle lock status based on the hand biometric information.

[0072] For example, the validity verification result can be understood as a binary result (valid or invalid) generated by the microcontroller after comparing the hand biometric information with pre-stored verification data. For instance, a valid result can be represented by the value 1, indicating a successful match; an invalid result can be represented by the value 0, indicating a failed match.

[0073] A valid result indicates that the hand biometric information verification has passed, allowing control of the two-wheeled vehicle's lock status based on hand biometric information. For example, when the validity verification result is valid, the lock can be opened when starting the two-wheeled vehicle, or closed when parking and locking. An invalid result indicates that the hand biometric information verification has failed, prohibiting control of the two-wheeled vehicle's lock status based on hand biometric information. For example, when the validity verification result is invalid, the lock cannot be opened when starting the two-wheeled vehicle, or closed when parking and locking.

[0074] In this embodiment, by using a valid or invalid result, the microcontroller can transmit a clear vehicle lock status control signal to the vehicle controller, so that the vehicle controller can know how to execute the vehicle lock status control logic without having to perform its own calculations and judgments, thereby improving the vehicle lock status control efficiency of the vehicle controller.

[0075] For example, an information acquisition sensor collects a user's hand biometric information (such as a fingerprint) and transmits it to a microcontroller. Upon receiving the hand biometric information, the microcontroller compares it with pre-stored verification information (such as a user's fingerprint template) to generate a validity verification result. A valid result is obtained when verification passes, and an invalid result is obtained when verification fails.

[0076] The microcontroller can transmit the validity verification result to the vehicle controller via physical signals (such as electrical signals). Based on the received verification result, the vehicle controller executes the lock status control logic. For example, in the unlocking scenario before starting a two-wheeled vehicle, if the validity verification result is valid, the lock is controlled to enter the unlocked state; if the validity verification result is invalid, the lock remains locked. In the locking scenario after parking, if the validity verification result is valid, the lock is controlled to enter the locked state; if the validity verification result is invalid, the lock remains unlocked.

[0077] The two-wheeled vehicle lock system provided in this application integrates an information acquisition sensor and a microcontroller into the two-wheeled vehicle. This allows the user's input of hand biometric information to control the lock status, solving the problem of relying on external physical devices such as Bluetooth devices, physical keys, near-field communication cards, and combination locks for unlocking two-wheeled vehicles. Users can complete matching verification simply by touching the information acquisition sensor, eliminating the need for additional unlocking devices and improving the convenience of lock control. Furthermore, the uniqueness and unbreakability of hand biometric information ensures high security during verification, effectively preventing unauthorized unlocking. Applying this to two-wheeled vehicle lock control enables touch-to-unlock functionality. The integrated setup of the information acquisition sensor, microcontroller, vehicle controller, and lock overcomes the compatibility issues between external devices and the vehicle's communication protocols, allowing the vehicle controller to directly control the lock status based on the verification results without relying on external devices. This reduces the complexity and failure rate of the lock system, further enhancing its stability and versatility.

[0078] For example, the solution of this application embodiment has particularly prominent advantages in the shared two-wheeled vehicle scenario, which can realize contactless vehicle lock control, reduce the risk of user privacy leakage, and provide technical support for the intelligent upgrade of two-wheeled vehicles.

[0079] In practical applications, single biometric identification methods (such as fingerprints) are prone to misidentification in complex environments (such as wet hands, dirt, and low temperatures), leading to unlocking failures or reduced security. Therefore, a first sensor and a second sensor with different operating principles can be integrated into the information acquisition sensors of the vehicle lock system, providing a basis for redundant verification and cross-verification.

[0080] In one possible implementation, the information acquisition sensor includes a first sensor and a second sensor, which are hand biometric information acquisition sensors with different working principles. The hand biometric information includes first feature information and second feature information acquired by different acquisition principles. The information acquisition sensor also includes an acquisition unit, which is connected to the first sensor and the second sensor respectively. The acquisition unit is used to acquire first feature information for the first sensor and second feature information for the second sensor. The microcontroller receives the first feature information and the second feature information, and performs validity verification based on the first feature information and the second feature information to obtain a validity verification result.

[0081] For example, the first sensor can be understood as a sensor used to collect hand biometric information, and the second sensor can be understood as another sensor used to collect hand biometric information. The first sensor and the second sensor are two types of hand biometric information collection sensors with different working principles.

[0082] Hand biometric information acquisition sensors with different working principles include optical, capacitive, ultrasonic, thermal, piezoelectric, and radio frequency fingerprint sensors, as well as transmissive, reflective, and side-illuminated finger vein sensors.

[0083] For example, the first feature information can be understood as the hand biometric information acquired by the first sensor, and the second feature information can be understood as the hand biometric information acquired by the second sensor. The microcontroller can verify the validity based on the first feature information acquired by the first sensor and the second feature information acquired by the second sensor, and obtain the validity verification result.

[0084] The information acquisition sensor also includes an acquisition unit, which can be connected to both the first and second sensors. The acquisition unit can acquire first feature information for the first sensor and second feature information for the second sensor. For example, the acquisition unit can be a signal receiving surface and its hardware circuitry for contacting the user's finger and acquiring the user's fingerprint. Alternatively, the acquisition unit can be a signal receiving surface and its hardware circuitry for synchronously or asynchronously acquiring the user's fingerprint and finger vein upon contact with the user's finger. This integrated setup of the acquisition unit with the first and second sensors reduces the space required for deploying the hand biometric information acquisition device, simplifying the deployment process for two-wheeled vehicles. Furthermore, the acquisition unit provides the hardware foundation for acquiring two types of hand biometric information with a single touch, improving the convenience of joint cross-validation.

[0085] In one possible implementation, the first sensor and the second sensor are fingerprint sensors with different acquisition principles; or, the first sensor and the second sensor are a fingerprint sensor and a finger vein sensor, respectively.

[0086] For example, the first sensor and the second sensor are fingerprint sensors with different acquisition principles. It can be understood that both the first and second sensors are fingerprint sensors, but they are different types of fingerprint sensors. For instance, the first sensor is an optical fingerprint sensor, and the second sensor is a capacitive fingerprint sensor. Or, for example, the first sensor is an ultrasonic fingerprint sensor, and the second sensor is a thermal fingerprint sensor.

[0087] The first sensor and the second sensor are a fingerprint sensor and a finger vein sensor, respectively. This can be understood as one of the first and second sensors being a fingerprint sensor and the other a finger vein sensor. For example, the first sensor may be an optical fingerprint sensor, and the second sensor a transmissive finger vein sensor. Alternatively, the first sensor may be a reflective finger vein sensor, and the second sensor a capacitive fingerprint sensor.

[0088] It should be understood that the number of first and second sensors is unlimited; for example, multiple first sensors and multiple second sensors can be set. The first and second sensors can also be understood as the same multimodal sensor capable of acquiring information using at least two different acquisition principles in parallel, such as a multimodal fingerprint sensor that performs optical and capacitive acquisition methods in parallel.

[0089] In this embodiment, the first sensor and the second sensor are fingerprint sensors with different acquisition principles; alternatively, the first sensor and the second sensor are a fingerprint sensor and a finger vein sensor, respectively. Based on this, the necessary material basis can be provided for the acquisition and cross-redundancy verification of hand biometric information, achieving more reliable vehicle lock status control. By clearly defining the combination method of the fingerprint sensor and the finger vein sensor, the redundancy verification capability of the vehicle lock system can be enhanced. For example, in low-temperature environments, the fingerprint sensor may experience signal instability due to dry skin, while the finger vein sensor can still complete verification through blood flow characteristics, thereby improving the system's environmental adaptability.

[0090] For example, when a user inputs their hand biometric information, a multimodal fingerprint sensor in the vehicle lock system can simultaneously acquire the optical and capacitive signals of the user's fingerprint, obtaining a fingerprint represented by the optical signal (first feature information) and a fingerprint represented by the capacitive signal (second feature information). After acquiring the two fingerprints (first and second feature information), the microcontroller can independently verify them and generate a final validity verification result through decision rules such as logical operations (e.g., "OR" or "AND" logic).

[0091] It is evident that using a multimodal fingerprint sensor allows users to obtain two types of hand biometric information (such as two different fingerprint representations) with a single input. This simplifies the input process while providing more diverse verification data, contributing to a simple and highly reliable verification process. Of course, similar technical effects can be achieved using a multimodal sensor that fuses fingerprint and finger vein data, or by employing other multimodal sensors that integrate different operating principles; these will not be elaborated upon here.

[0092] In this embodiment, by employing hand biometric information acquisition sensors with different working principles, the problem of recognition failure caused by environmental interference (such as wet hands or dirt) of a single type of sensor can be solved. For example, when the first sensor cannot acquire a valid signal due to wet hands, the second sensor can still acquire finger vein information by penetrating the skin with infrared light, thereby ensuring the reliability of the vehicle lock system in complex environments.

[0093] In one possible implementation, the microcontroller is further configured to perform validity verification based on the first feature information collected by the first sensor to obtain a first sub-result; the microcontroller is further configured to perform validity verification based on the second feature information collected by the second sensor to obtain a second sub-result; and the microcontroller is further configured to obtain a valid result if at least one of the first sub-result and the second sub-result indicates that the verification has passed.

[0094] For example, the first sub-result can be understood as the validity verification result obtained after validating the first feature information. The second sub-result can be understood as the validity verification result obtained after validating the second feature information. These two types of validity verification results are important factors in determining the final validity verification result.

[0095] A successful verification means that the biometric information of the hand collected by the sensor matches the pre-stored verification data. For example, the collected fingerprint is matched against multiple pre-recorded fingerprint templates. If the score of any match is higher than or equal to a preset threshold score, the verification is successful, resulting in a valid result. Conversely, if the scores of all matches are lower than the preset threshold score, the verification fails, resulting in an invalid result.

[0096] After the microcontroller obtains the first sub-result and the second sub-result through comparison, if at least one of the first sub-result and the second sub-result indicates that the verification has passed, the validity verification result finally sent to the vehicle controller is a valid result.

[0097] For example, if the first sub-result is valid and the second sub-result is invalid, then the final validity verification result is valid. Alternatively, if the first sub-result is invalid and the second sub-result is valid, then the final validity verification result is valid. Or, if both the first and second sub-results are valid, then the final validity verification result is valid. Furthermore, if both the first and second sub-results are invalid, then the final validity verification result can be invalid.

[0098] Taking fingerprint sensors and finger vein sensors as examples, the fingerprint sensor collects fingerprint capacitive signals, while the finger vein sensor collects finger vein infrared light signals. The two sensors operate independently and are subjected to logical operations (such as "OR" logic) by a microcontroller. In environments with wet hands, dirt, or low temperatures, a single sensor may fail due to signal interference. However, the redundant verification logic implemented based on the method in this application embodiment can increase the probability that the information acquisition sensor can work normally, thereby avoiding unlocking failure.

[0099] Furthermore, the multimodal redundancy verification logic enhances the vehicle lock system's resistance to attacks (such as preventing fingerprint spoofing). For example, the decision rule stipulates that the final validity verification result is only determined as valid if both the first and second sub-results are valid. Thus, even if the first sub-result obtained by forging a fingerprint is valid, the final validity verification result cannot be obtained due to the failure of the finger vein verification, and the vehicle lock status cannot be controlled. Based on this, the security of two-wheeled vehicles is further improved.

[0100] For example, the first sub-result or the second sub-result could also represent an empty result indicating failure to verify. For instance, if the first sensor fails to acquire the first feature information, matching verification cannot be performed, and the resulting first sub-result is empty. If the second sensor successfully acquires the second feature information, a second sub-result can be obtained, and the final validity verification result can be determined based on whether the second sub-result is valid. For example, if the second sub-result is valid, the final validity verification result is valid. If the second sub-result is invalid, the final validity verification result is invalid.

[0101] In this embodiment, by combining the validity verification of the first and second sub-results, a high-reliability verification mechanism with redundancy is achieved, which can reduce the probability of vehicle lock system failure due to a single sensor malfunction. For example, when the first sensor cannot collect effective hand biometric signals due to dirt, the second sensor can still ensure the normal operation of the vehicle lock system through independent verification, thereby improving the robustness of the vehicle lock system.

[0102] In one possible implementation, the vehicle lock system also includes a single signal line disposed between the vehicle controller and the microcontroller. The single signal line is used to support data transmission using a one-wire communication protocol and to send the validity verification result to the vehicle controller.

[0103] For example, a single-line communication protocol can be understood as a communication method that transmits data using a custom communication protocol through a single signal line, such as transmitting data bit by bit through high and low level changes. For instance, a single-line communication scheme based on the Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter (UART) protocol. It should be understood that in this embodiment, only a single signal line is provided between the vehicle controller and the microcontroller. However, it is not excluded that other cables may be provided between the vehicle controller and the microcontroller, such as a grounding wire for grounding and a power supply wire for power supply. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0104] The microcontroller encapsulates the validity verification results and other acquired signals into data packets via a single-line communication protocol and transmits them to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller then parses the data packets and executes the vehicle lock control logic. Other acquired signals may include those related to two-wheeled vehicle control, such as throttle opening information or instrument display information.

[0105] For example, a one-wire communication protocol can be used between the microcontroller and the vehicle controller to convert analog signals from the throttle (such as Hall voltage and button signals) into digital signals and transmit them through a single signal line. The microcontroller is used for signal reception, analog-to-digital conversion, and protocol encapsulation, while the vehicle controller extracts control commands by parsing the one-wire communication messages.

[0106] During signal digitization, the microcontroller can convert analog voltage signals acquired by sensors such as Hall effect sensors into digital signals via an analog-to-digital converter module / interface, and process the level changes of button signals (such as lights and horns) through a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface. When encapsulating a single-line communication protocol, the microcontroller can package the digitized signals according to a custom protocol and transmit them to the vehicle controller via a single signal line with high and low level changes.

[0107] During protocol parsing and control, the vehicle controller can dynamically adjust functions such as vehicle speed and lights by parsing the values ​​and control commands in the one-line communication protocol messages. It can also receive validity verification results to control the vehicle lock status.

[0108] By using a single-wire communication protocol and digital signal transmission via a single signal line, the wiring harness design between the throttle and the vehicle controller can be significantly simplified, reducing wiring complexity and the risk of electromagnetic interference. For example, during high-speed riding, analog signals are susceptible to vibration interference, leading to inaccurate throttle control, while digital signals, verified through the protocol, ensure the accuracy of power control. The high anti-interference capability of digital signals enhances the stability of the vehicle lock system, supports the expansion of more intelligent functions (such as dynamic power control and user behavior analysis), and provides a foundation for the modular upgrade of two-wheeled vehicles.

[0109] In this embodiment, the wiring complexity between the vehicle controller and microcontroller of a two-wheeled vehicle is simplified and the risk of electromagnetic interference is reduced by using a single signal line and a single-wire communication protocol. For example, in existing multi-wire harness designs, cables are susceptible to signal distortion due to external electromagnetic interference, while single-wire communication improves the stability of data transmission through protocol encapsulation and verification mechanisms.

[0110] For example, when unlocking or riding a two-wheeled vehicle in a low-temperature environment (e.g., below 10 degrees Celsius), the user's hands may feel cold when gripping the throttle, affecting the user experience. To address this, a throttle heater can be installed on the throttle to preheat or continuously heat it, improving the user experience.

[0111] In one possible implementation, the vehicle lock system also includes a throttle heater connected to a microcontroller, the throttle heater being used to heat the throttle of the two-wheeled vehicle; the microcontroller is also used to control the throttle heater to heat the throttle of the two-wheeled vehicle upon receiving hand biometric information collected from an information acquisition sensor.

[0112] For example, a throttle heater can be understood as an electric heating element used to raise the temperature of the throttle. Examples include a thin-film heater or a heating wire based on the principle of resistance heating. The throttle heater can be connected to a microcontroller, which can control the throttle heater to start and stop, thereby controlling its heating of the throttle.

[0113] For example, a microcontroller can control the heating based on ambient temperature data from an ambient temperature sensor. During control, a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal can be used to control the power output of the throttle heater to preheat the throttle. When the throttle heater is working, it can increase the surface temperature of the throttle, improving the user experience.

[0114] For example, when the ambient temperature is below a set threshold (such as 10 degrees Celsius), the microcontroller activates the throttle heater to preheat the throttle, allowing the throttle to begin preheating as soon as the user inputs their hand biometric information, thus raising the throttle temperature in advance for the user to use the two-wheeled vehicle. Furthermore, if the user successfully unlocks the throttle, the heater can be continuously controlled to heat the throttle, enhancing the user's riding experience.

[0115] Furthermore, if the information acquisition sensor is located on or around the throttle, the microcontroller can control the throttle heater to heat the throttle, which can also keep the operating temperature of the information acquisition sensor or other sensors from getting too low in low-temperature environments, thus improving the stability of the sensor's operation.

[0116] In this embodiment, integrating a throttle heater into the vehicle lock system solves the problem of decreased sensor performance in low-temperature environments and addresses the issue of a poor user experience due to low throttle temperature. For example, in cold winter conditions, fingerprint sensors may fail to acquire signals due to low skin temperature, while the throttle heater preheats the user's skin, increasing skin temperature and moisture, thus enhancing recognition success rate. Furthermore, the dynamic start-stop mechanism of the throttle heater avoids continuous power consumption while ensuring that users can still quickly and stably complete authentication and unlocking operations in cold weather, improving the usability and user experience of two-wheeled vehicles in extreme environments.

[0117] In one possible implementation, the vehicle lock system further includes a throttle opening sensor connected to a microcontroller. The throttle opening sensor is used to collect throttle opening information, which characterizes the opening degree of the throttle on the two-wheeled vehicle. The throttle opening sensor is also used to send the collected throttle opening information to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is also used to perform data conversion processing on the throttle opening information using a predefined communication protocol to obtain a throttle opening message, and send the throttle opening message to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller is also used to control the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle based on the throttle opening message from the microcontroller when the vehicle lock is switched to the unlocked state according to the validity verification result.

[0118] For example, a throttle opening sensor can be understood as a sensor used to detect the rotation angle of the throttle, such as an angular displacement sensor based on the Hall effect. The predefined communication protocol can be any predefined communication protocol, such as a one-line communication protocol.

[0119] The throttle opening sensor detects the rotation angle of the user's throttle and transmits the analog signal to the microcontroller. The microcontroller digitizes the throttle opening information through an analog-to-digital converter and sends it to the vehicle controller via a single-wire communication protocol to generate power output control commands.

[0120] By performing data conversion processing on the throttle opening information using a predefined communication protocol by the microcontroller, non-standard protocol data can be formatted and converted to obtain a throttle opening message that conforms to the protocol standard. After the microcontroller sends the throttle opening message to the vehicle controller, the vehicle controller can control the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle based on the premise that the validity verification result is valid.

[0121] For example, when the vehicle controller receives a valid result from the microcontroller, if the user rotates the throttle at a small angle, the corresponding throttle opening information value is relatively low, and the vehicle controller can output lower power to save energy; while if the user rotates the throttle at a large angle, the corresponding throttle opening information value is relatively high, and the vehicle controller can increase power to meet high-speed requirements, thereby improving riding efficiency.

[0122] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the throttle structure of a two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, a Hall sensor 202 can be installed in the throttle 204 of the two-wheeled vehicle to detect the rotation angle of the throttle 204. The rotation angle indicates the opening degree of the throttle 204, reflecting the user's desired throttle opening. An increased throttle opening indicates the user desires to increase the vehicle speed, while a decreased throttle opening indicates the user desires to decrease the vehicle speed. During detection, the rotation angle of the throttle 204 can be acquired through the Hall effect between the magnet 203 connected to the throttle 204 and the Hall sensor 202.

[0123] The Hall sensor 202 can be connected to the microcontroller 102, and data information can be transmitted between them via a single signal line 205. Furthermore, a ground wire and a power line (such as a 5V power line) can be provided between the Hall sensor 202 and the microcontroller 102. In addition to the Hall sensor 202, the throttle 204 can also be equipped with information acquisition sensors such as a fingerprint sensor 201 to collect the user's hand biometric information. The fingerprint sensor 201 can also be connected to the microcontroller 102 via a single signal line 205.

[0124] In this embodiment, by integrating a throttle opening sensor, the user's throttle opening degree can be collected in real time. Furthermore, the collected throttle opening information undergoes data conversion using a predefined communication protocol, enabling standard protocol processing and reducing data application barriers for the vehicle controller. Before controlling the vehicle speed based on the throttle opening message, the vehicle controller also considers the validity verification results, implementing speed control only in the unlocked state, thus achieving fine-tuned adjustment of the two-wheeled vehicle's power control.

[0125] Based on the vehicle lock system provided in the above embodiments of this application, when a user operates the throttle, the fingerprint sensor and finger vein sensor can simultaneously collect the biometric information of the fingers (such as fingerprint capacitive signals or finger vein infrared signals). After receiving this information, the microcontroller calls the verification information pre-stored in the storage unit and performs validity verification through a matching algorithm. If the verification is successful, the microcontroller sends the validity verification result (valid result) to the vehicle controller via the One-Line Communication Protocol, and the vehicle controller controls the vehicle lock to enter the unlocking state accordingly. Furthermore, the microcontroller converts the analog voltage signal collected by the throttle Hall sensor into a digital signal, and combines it with the opening information of the throttle opening sensor, and transmits it to the vehicle controller via the One-Line Communication Protocol to generate power control commands (such as motor output power).

[0126] Furthermore, in low-temperature environments, the microcontroller can control the throttle heater to heat the throttle, ensuring the stable operation of the information acquisition sensors. In addition, the microcontroller can process signals from buttons such as the horn and lights, converting them into digital signals and transmitting them to the vehicle controller via a single-wire communication protocol and a single signal line, achieving centralized signal management and efficient transmission.

[0127] As can be seen, the vehicle lock system provided in this application significantly improves the safety, convenience and intelligence of two-wheeled vehicles through the deep integration of biometric information collection and identification with the throttle function.

[0128] For example, biometric verification based on fingerprints or finger veins leverages their uniqueness and non-replicability to effectively prevent unauthorized unlocking and enhance the security of two-wheeled vehicles. Users can complete identity verification and unlocking via a touch-sensitive throttle, eliminating the need to carry a mobile phone, key, or card, thus improving ease of use and meeting the seamless usage requirements of shared two-wheeled vehicle scenarios. Multimodal sensor redundancy verification logic (such as fingerprint + finger vein) ensures reliable recognition even with wet hands, dirt, or in low temperatures, optimizing environmental adaptability.

[0129] For example, the microcontroller digitizes analog signals and transmits them via a one-wire communication protocol, simplifying wiring harness design and reducing signal interference. It also supports the expansion of intelligent functions such as throttle power control and lighting adjustment, improving signal transmission efficiency. The integration of the throttle heater solves the performance degradation problem of information acquisition sensors in low-temperature environments, and the digital processing of the throttle opening sensor further improves the accuracy and response speed of power control, enhancing the stability of the vehicle lock system.

[0130] Based on this, the vehicle lock system for two-wheeled vehicles provided in this application embodiment, through the collaborative innovation of hardware and algorithms, constructs an integrated intelligent vehicle lock system, providing a solution for the intelligent upgrade of two-wheeled vehicles.

[0131] Below, in conjunction with Figure 3A method for controlling the state of a two-wheeled vehicle is described in detail. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a vehicle state control method for a two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application. The executing entity of this method can be an electronic device with corresponding data storage and computing capabilities, such as a microcontroller or vehicle controller in the vehicle lock system of the two-wheeled vehicle. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes steps S301, S302, S303 and S304.

[0132] S301, Obtain the user's hand biometric information, which is used to verify the effectiveness of vehicle state control for the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0133] For example, the microcontroller can be connected to an information acquisition sensor, which can collect user-inputted hand biometric information. After collecting the hand biometric information, the information acquisition sensor can transmit the hand biometric information to the microcontroller, so that the microcontroller can acquire the user-inputted hand biometric information. The specific implementation of hand biometric information, vehicle lock status, and information acquisition sensor, etc., is similar to the description in any of the above embodiments, and can be referred to the description in the above embodiments for details.

[0134] S302, call the pre-stored verification information to verify the validity of the hand biometric information and obtain the validity verification result.

[0135] For example, the microcontroller can also be connected to a storage unit where verification information for verifying hand biometric data can be pre-stored. For instance, multiple fingerprints and / or multiple finger veins can be pre-stored, all of which can be understood as verification information.

[0136] During validity verification, the microcontroller can iterate through the verification information stored in the memory unit and compare the collected hand biometric information with the verification information in parallel or serially. If the similarity is greater than or equal to a preset similarity threshold, a valid verification result is obtained. If the similarity is less than the preset similarity threshold, an invalid verification result is obtained.

[0137] The specific implementation of the storage unit, the retrieval of pre-stored verification information to verify the validity of hand biometric information, etc., is similar to the description in any of the above embodiments, and can be referred to the description in the above embodiments for details.

[0138] In one possible implementation, the validity verification result includes a valid result and an invalid result; wherein, a valid result indicates that the hand biometric information verification is passed, allowing control of the vehicle lock status based on the hand biometric information; an invalid result indicates that the hand biometric information verification is failed, prohibiting control of the vehicle lock status based on the hand biometric information.

[0139] For example, the validity verification result can be understood as a binary result (valid or invalid) generated by the microcontroller after comparing the hand biometric information with pre-stored verification data. A valid result indicates that the hand biometric information has passed verification, allowing control of the two-wheeled vehicle's lock state based on the hand biometric information. An invalid result indicates that the hand biometric information has failed verification, prohibiting control of the two-wheeled vehicle's lock state based on the hand biometric information. The specific implementation of the valid and invalid results is similar to the description in any of the above embodiments, and can be referred to the description in the above embodiments for details.

[0140] In this embodiment, a clear lock status control signal can be transmitted to the vehicle controller through a valid or invalid result, so that the vehicle controller can know how to execute the lock status control logic without having to perform calculations and judgments on its own, thereby improving the lock status control efficiency of the vehicle controller.

[0141] S303 controls the lock status of the two-wheeled vehicle to be either unlocked or locked based on the validity verification result.

[0142] For example, the vehicle lock status includes an unlocked state and a locked state. After obtaining the validity verification result, the microcontroller can send it to the vehicle controller, so that the vehicle controller can control the vehicle lock status based on the validity verification result. The vehicle controller can be understood as the core control module of the two-wheeled vehicle, used to receive and process the verification result from the microcontroller and control the opening and closing state of the lock. For example, a vehicle controller chip or chipset integrated into the frame.

[0143] When the microcontroller sends the validity verification result to the vehicle controller of the two-wheeled vehicle, it can do so through the communication connection between the two. For example, a twisted-pair cable can be installed between the microcontroller and the vehicle controller to support data transmission and reception via the CAN communication protocol.

[0144] In one possible implementation, controlling the lock state of the two-wheeled vehicle to be unlocked or locked based on the validity verification result includes: performing data conversion processing on the validity verification result according to the data transmission rules defined by the One-Line Communication Protocol to obtain a validity verification result message conforming to the One-Line Communication Protocol; sending the validity verification result message to the vehicle controller of the two-wheeled vehicle through a single signal line, so that the vehicle controller can control the lock state of the two-wheeled vehicle to be unlocked or locked based on the validity verification result message.

[0145] For example, a single-line communication protocol can be understood as a communication method that transmits data using a custom communication protocol through a single signal line, such as transmitting data bit by bit through high and low level changes. For instance, a single-line communication scheme based on the Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter (UART) protocol. The data transmission rules defined by the single-line communication protocol can be the content of the single-line communication protocol itself, such as data packet format, data packet length, and data check bits.

[0146] The microcontroller can process the validity verification result according to the data transmission rules defined by the One-Line Communication Protocol, encapsulating it into a data packet conforming to the One-Line Communication Protocol, thus obtaining the validity verification result message. This message can be transmitted to the vehicle controller via a single signal line between the microcontroller and the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller can then parse the data packet and execute the vehicle lock control logic.

[0147] For example, the microcontroller encapsulates the validity verification result into a validity verification result message according to the data transmission rules (such as start bit, data bit, and check bit) of the one-wire communication protocol, and sends it to the vehicle controller via a single signal line. For example, the valid result is encoded as the binary sequence "01100101", and transmitted bit by bit on the single signal line through high and low level changes. After receiving the validity verification result message, the vehicle controller parses the data bits and can execute the vehicle lock control. This process ensures data integrity through protocol verification (such as cyclic redundancy check) while reducing the number of wiring harnesses and lowering wiring complexity.

[0148] When the vehicle controller controls the lock status of a two-wheeled vehicle based on the validity verification result, for example, in the unlocking scenario before starting the vehicle, if the validity verification result is valid, the lock is controlled to enter the unlocked state; if the validity verification result is invalid, the lock remains in the locked state. In the locking scenario after parking, if the validity verification result is valid, the lock is controlled to enter the locked state; if the validity verification result is invalid, the lock remains in the unlocked state.

[0149] In this embodiment, the single-wire communication protocol and data transmission mechanism using a single signal line simplify the wiring complexity between the vehicle controller and microcontroller of the two-wheeled vehicle. It also reduces the risk of electromagnetic interference causing data transmission noise, improving data accuracy and transmission reliability. Unlike existing multi-wire harness designs, which are susceptible to signal distortion due to external electromagnetic interference, the single-wire communication in this embodiment enhances data transmission stability through protocol encapsulation and verification mechanisms.

[0150] For example, a microcontroller can be placed at a corresponding position on the throttle of a two-wheeled vehicle. This microcontroller enables the acquisition of throttle signals (throttle opening information, throttle heating signals, etc.) and hand biometric information via a shared microcontroller chip. In this way, the throttle microcontroller can share some of the computational burden of the vehicle's controller. Furthermore, the signal acquisition line speed can be integrated onto this microcontroller, improving the integration of the wiring harness, reducing wiring, enhancing signal transmission stability, and achieving throttle modularization.

[0151] The vehicle status control method for two-wheeled vehicles provided in this application embodiment acquires the user's hand biometric information. This information is used to control the vehicle lock status without relying on external physical devices such as Bluetooth devices, physical keys, near-field communication cards, or combination locks. This overcomes the problems of high complexity, low convenience, and low unlocking efficiency in vehicle lock control. Users can verify their identity by inputting their hand biometric information, eliminating the need for additional unlocking devices and improving the convenience of lock control. Furthermore, the uniqueness and non-replicability of hand biometric information ensures high security during verification, effectively preventing unauthorized unlocking and improving the security of lock status control. In the unlocked state, the method also controls the two-wheeled vehicle to grant the user corresponding vehicle functions based on the hand biometric information. This ensures that the vehicle functions are compatible with the user, reducing the probability of restricted or unauthorized use of vehicle functions and improving the compatibility between the unlocked vehicle functions and the user.

[0152] In one possible implementation, the vehicle functions of the two-wheeled vehicle include at least one of the following: riding function, adaptive cruise control function, hill start assist function, power mode switching function, obstacle warning function, battery status warning function, voice control function, instrument panel projection function, map navigation function, and driver riding status detection function.

[0153] Examples include riding function, adaptive cruise control function, hill start assist function, power mode switching function, obstacle warning function, battery status warning function, voice control function, instrument panel projection function, map navigation function, and driver riding status detection function.

[0154] For example, the riding function can be understood as the basic driving functions of a two-wheeled electric vehicle, which are controlled by a driver to drive the vehicle, adjust its speed, and brake to decelerate. This riding function can be achieved through a vehicle controller, motor controller, drive motor, throttle lever, brake switch, instrument panel, power supply system, etc.

[0155] Adaptive cruise control can be understood as a driving assistance function that automatically maintains a set speed for stable driving without requiring continuous throttle input, thus reducing rider fatigue. Adaptive cruise control can be implemented through vehicle controllers, speed sensors, motor controllers, mode buttons, and the instrument panel.

[0156] Hill start assist can be understood as a safety assistance function that automatically maintains the brakes to prevent the vehicle from rolling back when parked on a slope, and smoothly releases the braking force when starting. Hill start assist can be implemented through the vehicle controller, gyroscope / accelerometer, electronic braking system or parking actuator, instrument panel, etc.

[0157] The power mode switching function can be understood as switching different power output strategies based on the riding scenario and user selection, achieving adjustable power and economy. This function can be implemented through the vehicle controller, motor controller, mode switching button, instrument panel, etc.

[0158] Obstacle warning functionality can be understood as an active safety feature that detects the distance to obstacles around the vehicle and provides multi-level warnings to reduce the risk of collision. This feature can be implemented through vehicle controllers, millimeter-wave radar or ultrasonic sensors, buzzers, instrument panels, warning lights, etc.

[0159] The battery status indicator function can be understood as a function that collects and displays the battery's charge level, health status, operating parameters, and abnormal information to the driver in real time. This function can be implemented through the battery management system, vehicle controller, instrument cluster, etc.

[0160] Voice control can be understood as a human-machine interface function that allows users to control vehicle functions, check status, and exchange information via voice commands. Voice control can be implemented through a voice processing module, microphone, speaker, vehicle controller, instrument cluster, etc.

[0161] The instrument cluster projection function can be understood as a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) function that projects the content displayed on external devices onto the vehicle's instrument cluster screen for synchronized display. This function can be implemented through smart instruments, wireless communication modules, mobile terminals, or display screens.

[0162] Map navigation can be understood as a navigation aid that provides route planning and real-time path guidance for cycling, based on satellite positioning and map data. Map navigation can be implemented through a positioning module, smart instrument, communication module, storage module, and display screen.

[0163] The rider riding status detection function can be understood as a safety detection function that monitors the rider's riding posture, attention, or physiological state (heart rate, etc.), identifies dangerous riding behaviors, and issues warnings. This function can be implemented through a vehicle controller, posture sensor, image acquisition module, or physiological sensor, warning device, instrument, etc.

[0164] In the embodiments of this application, the vehicle functions of the two-wheeled vehicle include at least one of the following: riding function, adaptive cruise function, hill start assist function, power mode switching function, obstacle warning function, battery status warning function, voice control function, instrument screen projection function, map navigation function, and driver riding status detection function. This can provide users with a relatively rich set of vehicle functions, improve the usability and intelligence of the two-wheeled vehicle, and enhance the user experience.

[0165] In one possible implementation, controlling a two-wheeled vehicle to open its corresponding vehicle functions to a user based on hand biometric information includes: determining a target function range corresponding to the user based on the hand biometric information, wherein the target function range is one of a plurality of preset function ranges, and any preset function range corresponds to one or more vehicle functions; and controlling the two-wheeled vehicle to open the vehicle functions included in the target function range to the user based on the target function range corresponding to the user.

[0166] For example, multiple preset function ranges can be multiple function ranges that are set in advance. For instance, function range 1, function range 2, and function range 3 can be set in advance.

[0167] Function Scope 1 includes vehicle functions such as riding functionality, adaptive cruise control, hill start assist, power mode switching, obstacle warning, battery status display, voice control, instrument panel projection, map navigation, and driver riding status detection. Function Scope 2 includes vehicle functions such as riding functionality, adaptive cruise control, hill start assist, power mode switching, obstacle warning, and battery status display. Function Scope 3 includes vehicle functions such as riding functionality, hill start assist, and battery status display.

[0168] For example, after a user inputs their hand biometric information, the user's identity, username, and / or user level can be determined by matching and comparing this information with verification information. Based on at least one of these determined pieces of information, a target functional range can be identified from multiple preset functional ranges.

[0169] For example, multiple user-user level mappings can be pre-stored. For instance, a level 1 user might correspond to function range 1, a level 2 user to function range 2, and a level 3 user to function range 3. If the current user is determined to be at level 2, then after matching and comparison, function range 2 can be identified as its target function range.

[0170] In this application, since each user's hand biometric information is highly unique, determining the user's target function range based on this information allows for rapid matching to the user's desired function range. Furthermore, all vehicle functions within this target function range are available to the user. Therefore, this method can further improve the matching degree between users and vehicle functions, and increase the efficiency of determining the correspondence between users and vehicle functions.

[0171] In one possible implementation, before acquiring the user's hand biometric information, the method further includes: for any pre-stored verification information, setting a preset functional range corresponding to any verification information among multiple preset functional ranges; determining the target functional range corresponding to the user based on the hand biometric information, including: during the validity verification process, if the hand biometric information successfully matches any verification information, determining the preset functional range corresponding to any verification information as the target functional range corresponding to the user.

[0172] For example, a preset functional range can be set for the user before they use the two-wheeled vehicle (such as when their fingerprint / finger vein is recorded). For instance, during the fingerprint registration and vehicle function setting phase, a preset functional range can be selected from multiple preset ranges to correspond to the user's fingerprint / finger vein. During the user's daily use of the two-wheeled vehicle, each time the user inputs their fingerprint / finger vein, the preset functional range corresponding to the user's fingerprint / finger vein is determined as the target functional range for that user based on the matching result of the input hand biometric information and verification information.

[0173] For example, when user A registers their fingerprint, the administrator sets the preset functional range corresponding to user A's fingerprint to functional range 3. When user A uses the two-wheeled vehicle, they input their fingerprint. Through verification and matching, it can be determined that the fingerprint input by user A matches the previously registered fingerprint. Therefore, functional range 3 corresponding to the entered fingerprint can be determined as the target functional range for user A's use of the two-wheeled vehicle this time. When user A drives the two-wheeled vehicle, they can use all vehicle functions within functional range 3, such as riding function, hill start assist function, and battery status indicator function.

[0174] In this embodiment, before acquiring the user's hand biometric information, a preset functional range is set among multiple preset functional ranges to correspond to any pre-stored verification information. This allows for the convenient setting of a corresponding preset functional range for each stored verification information. During the application phase, if the hand biometric information successfully matches any verification information during validity verification, the preset functional range corresponding to that verification information is determined as the user's target functional range. Thus, after each user unlocks the vehicle, their corresponding target functional range can be quickly determined, and the two-wheeled vehicle can be controlled to open the corresponding vehicle functions to them, improving the accuracy and convenience of determining the target functional range.

[0175] For example, in the rental application scenario of shared two-wheelers, this method can set a preset range of functions that match the membership level for each shared member user from multiple preset function ranges. When any shared member user uses the two-wheeler, after unlocking, the system can quickly match the corresponding target function range and open the authorized vehicle functions for them, thereby improving the convenience of using the vehicle for the user.

[0176] In one possible implementation, the hand biometric information includes first feature information and second feature information, which are hand biometric information acquired by hand biometric information acquisition sensors with different working principles.

[0177] The process involves calling pre-stored verification information to verify the validity of hand biometric information and obtaining a validity verification result. This includes: calling pre-stored first verification information to verify the validity of first biometric information, obtaining a first sub-result, wherein the first verification information is the verification information acquired by a hand biometric information acquisition sensor that operates according to the working principle of the first biometric information; calling pre-stored second verification information to verify the validity of second biometric information, obtaining a second sub-result, wherein the second verification information is the verification information acquired by a hand biometric information acquisition sensor that operates according to the working principle of the second biometric information; and making a decision based on the first sub-result and the second sub-result using preset decision rules to obtain a validity verification result.

[0178] For example, the first feature information can be understood as the hand biometric information acquired by the first sensor, and the second feature information can be understood as the hand biometric information acquired by the second sensor. The microcontroller can verify the validity based on the first feature information acquired by the first sensor and the second feature information acquired by the second sensor, and obtain the validity verification result. The first sensor can be understood as a sensor used to acquire hand biometric information, and the second sensor can be understood as a different type of sensor used to acquire hand biometric information. The first sensor and the second sensor are two types of hand biometric information acquisition sensors with different working principles.

[0179] The first verification information is the verification information collected by the hand biometric information acquisition sensor that corresponds to the working principle of the first feature information. For example, if the first feature information is the fingerprint biometric information, then the first verification information can be understood as any fingerprint in the stored verification information; if the first feature information is the finger vein biometric information, then the first verification information can be understood as any finger vein in the stored verification information. The second verification information is similar.

[0180] The first sub-result can be understood as the validity verification result obtained after validating the first feature information. The second sub-result can be understood as the validity verification result obtained after validating the second feature information.

[0181] Pre-defined decision rules can be understood as pre-defined rules used to determine the final validity verification result based on the first and second sub-results. For example, decision rules that make decisions using "OR" logic or "AND" logic.

[0182] For example, when making a decision based on an "OR" logic rule, if at least one of the first and second sub-results is a valid result, the final validity verification result can be determined as a valid result. When making a decision based on an "AND" logic rule, if both the first and second sub-results are valid results, the final validity verification result can be determined as a valid result.

[0183] The specific implementation methods and technical effects of the embodiments of this application can be referred to the description in any of the embodiments of this application above, and will not be repeated here.

[0184] In this embodiment, based on the first feature information and the second feature information, and combined with the first sub-result and the second sub-result obtained from the two, a highly reliable redundant verification is achieved, which can reduce the probability of vehicle lock system failure caused by a single sensor failure and improve the robustness of the vehicle lock system.

[0185] In one possible implementation, the first feature information and the second feature information are hand biometric information collected by fingerprint sensors with different acquisition principles; or, the first feature information and the second feature information are hand biometric information collected by fingerprint sensors and finger vein sensors, respectively.

[0186] For example, both the first sensor and the second sensor are fingerprint sensors, but they use different acquisition principles. For instance, the first sensor is a capacitive fingerprint sensor, and the second sensor is an optical fingerprint sensor.

[0187] Alternatively, the first sensor and the second sensor can be a fingerprint sensor and a finger vein sensor, respectively. This can be understood as one of the first sensor and the other being a finger vein sensor. For example, the first sensor is a capacitive fingerprint sensor, and the second sensor is a reflective finger vein sensor.

[0188] The number of first and second sensors can be one or more. For example, one or more first sensors can be used, and one or more second sensors can also be used. The first and second sensors can also be understood as two types of sensors with different working principles in a multimodal sensor. For example, in a multimodal fingerprint sensor that performs optical and capacitive acquisition methods in parallel, the first sensor is the optical fingerprint sensor and the second sensor is the capacitive fingerprint sensor.

[0189] In this embodiment, the first and second sensors are fingerprint sensors with different acquisition principles, which enables redundant verification based on two different types of fingerprint sensors, providing the necessary material basis for the acquisition and cross-redundancy verification of hand biometric information. Alternatively, the first and second sensors can be a fingerprint sensor and a finger vein sensor, respectively, which enables redundant verification based on different types of hand biometric information, expanding the types of hand biometric information. More multi-dimensional hand biometric information can improve the reliability of redundant verification results, enhancing the environmental adaptability and control reliability of the vehicle lock system.

[0190] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving throttle opening information collected by a throttle opening sensor from a two-wheeled vehicle; if the validity verification result is valid after validity verification, performing data conversion processing on the throttle opening information according to the data transmission rules defined by the One-Wire Communication Protocol to obtain a throttle opening message conforming to the One-Wire Communication Protocol; and sending the throttle opening message to the vehicle controller of the two-wheeled vehicle through a single signal line, so that the vehicle controller controls the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle according to the throttle opening message.

[0191] For example, throttle opening information can be understood as information collected by the throttle opening sensor that reflects the degree to which the throttle is open. The throttle opening sensor can be, for example, a sensor used to detect the rotation angle of the throttle, such as an angular displacement sensor based on the Hall effect.

[0192] The throttle opening sensor can detect the rotation angle of the user's throttle and transmit the collected analog signals (such as voltage signals) to the microcontroller. The microcontroller can digitize the throttle opening information through an analog-to-digital converter to obtain the throttle opening message, and send it to the vehicle controller through a one-wire communication protocol and a single signal line, so that the vehicle controller can generate power output control commands.

[0193] The specific implementation methods and technical effects of the embodiments of this application can be referred to the description in any of the embodiments of this application above, and will not be repeated here.

[0194] In this embodiment, by receiving throttle opening information collected by the throttle opening sensor of the two-wheeled vehicle and verifying its validity, the throttle opening information is converted into a throttle opening message conforming to the One-Line Communication Protocol (LINE). This reduces the data application barrier for the vehicle controller. The throttle opening message is sent to the vehicle controller of the two-wheeled vehicle via a single signal line, enabling the vehicle controller to control the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle based on the throttle opening message. This allows for speed control even when the vehicle is unlocked, enabling fine-tuning of the two-wheeled vehicle's power control.

[0195] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving at least one signal from the two-wheeled vehicle, including an instrument signal, a horn signal, a turn signal, a headlight signal, a brake signal, and a throttle heating signal; if the validity verification result is valid, performing data conversion processing on the at least one signal according to the data transmission rules defined by the One-Line Communication Protocol to obtain a signal message conforming to the One-Line Communication Protocol; and sending the signal message to the two-wheeled vehicle controller via a single signal line, so that the vehicle controller can control at least one of the two-wheeled vehicle's instrument, horn, turn signal, headlight, brake, and throttle heating device according to the signal message.

[0196] For example, instrument panel signals can be understood as signals that power the instrument panel / transmit data, such as displaying vehicle speed, battery level, lights, and fault information. Horn signals can be understood as on / off signals that control the horn's operation; for example, pressing the horn button activates the signal, and releasing it deactivates it. Turn signal signals can be understood as signals that control the flashing of the left / right turn signals; for example, these can be switching signals with periodic on / off states. Headlight signals can be understood as on / off signals that control the illumination of headlights, taillights, and parking lights. Brake signals can be understood as control signals output when the brake is applied, which can be used to reduce or cut off power, illuminate brake lights, or remind the controller to slow down. Throttle heating signals can be understood as electrical signals that control the on / off state of the throttle heater / adjust its temperature; for example, in low-temperature environments, this might be a command to instruct the throttle heater to heat the throttle.

[0197] When the validity verification result is valid, it can be interpreted as the two-wheeled vehicle successfully unlocking, and the vehicle lock system is in the unlocked state. The user can then control the two-wheeled vehicle with partial or full functional permissions. For example, the user can use the vehicle's terminal devices such as the drive motor, instrument panel, horn, turn signals, headlights, brakes, and throttle heater. In the unlocked state, the microcontroller can receive at least one signal from the two-wheeled vehicle, including instrument panel signals, horn signals, turn signal signals, headlight signals, brake signals, and throttle heater signals. These signals can be identified by connecting the terminal device to the microcontroller's general-purpose input / output pins.

[0198] When a user triggers one or more signals on the two-wheeled vehicle's terminal device, such as simultaneously triggering a horn signal and a left turn signal, the microcontroller can determine that it is a horn signal by connecting the horn signal to its general-purpose input / output pin, and that it is a turn signal by connecting the turn signal signal to its general-purpose input / output pin. These signals are received and converted according to the communication protocol, and the converted signal message is sent to the vehicle controller. Upon receiving the horn signal message, the vehicle controller can control the horn to power on and sound, and upon receiving the left turn signal message, it can control the left turn signal to periodically flash. The implementation principles of the instrument panel, headlights, brakes, and throttle heaters are similar and will not be elaborated here.

[0199] In this embodiment, upon receiving at least one signal from a two-wheeled vehicle—an instrument panel signal, horn signal, turn signal, headlight signal, brake signal, and throttle heating signal—and upon successful verification, the microcontroller can perform data conversion processing on the received one or more signals according to the data transmission rules defined by the One-Wire Communication Protocol to obtain a signal message conforming to the One-Wire Communication Protocol. This allows for quick and convenient conversion of non-standard signals into signal messages conforming to the communication protocol standard. Sending the signal message to the two-wheeled vehicle's controller via a single signal line ensures stable transmission of the signal message to the controller, enabling the controller to effectively control at least one of the two-wheeled vehicle's instruments, horn, turn signal, headlight, brake, and throttle heating, thus realizing the two-wheeled vehicle's functions.

[0200] For example, current two-wheeled vehicle lock status control mainly relies on physical keys, Bluetooth sensors, near-field communication cards, or combination locks. These methods suffer from several problems, such as low unlocking efficiency and the inconvenience of carrying unlocking devices. Furthermore, these methods do not provide differentiated access management based on user identity. For instance, it is impossible to set independent speed limits, riding ranges, or usage periods for different users, resulting in a mismatch between safety and flexibility in the use of two-wheeled vehicles.

[0201] In terms of two-wheeled vehicle usage management, existing solutions typically only provide basic positioning functions and cannot detect user identity in real time and trigger targeted warnings (such as illegal unlocking alarms, electronic fence boundary warnings, abnormal riding posture prompts, etc.).

[0202] For example, when family members share the same two-wheeled vehicle, they need to manually switch keys or passwords, and it is impossible to set differentiated permissions for different users (such as limiting the speed of minors). During the operation of the two-wheeled vehicle, there is also a lack of real-time security monitoring (such as illegal unlocking alarms and electronic fence overstepping protection), which leads to the risk of theft and riding safety hazards.

[0203] The method provided in this application can combine hand biometrics (fingerprint / finger vein) with two-wheeled vehicle access control to solve the problems of contactless unlocking and access control.

[0204] For example, to address the multi-user access control needs in family-shared two-wheeled vehicle scenarios, a database / table of user information can be set up to link different users' driving parameters (such as speed, torque, and usage time) to achieve dynamic control. In terms of safety warnings, proactive protection mechanisms can be built by using strategies such as electronic fences and tilt detection, combined with the real-time monitoring capabilities of the vehicle controller.

[0205] By optimizing the communication between the microcontroller and the vehicle controller, functions such as throttle heating and simplified signal lines can be integrated, improving the overall efficiency and user experience of the vehicle lock system. Based on this, the system can be gradually expanded from a single function (unlocking by hand biometric information recognition) to multi-dimensional intelligent control of two-wheeled vehicles, forming a relatively complete two-wheeled vehicle access management and security protection system.

[0206] In view of this, this application provides a two-wheeled vehicle access control method. By integrating hand biometric information recognition, user access management, and dynamic two-wheeled vehicle control strategies, a user-identity-based intelligent access control scheme for two-wheeled vehicles is constructed. The vehicle lock system uses the user's input hand biometric information (such as fingerprint / finger vein) as the core of identity recognition. By matching pre-stored user information, it dynamically adjusts the current user's two-wheeled vehicle usage permissions (unlock / lock), operating parameters (vehicle speed, torque, riding range), and safety warning strategies (illegal unlocking alarm, electronic fence boundary warning, tilt protection). Furthermore, it also enables remote monitoring and abnormal behavior analysis by administrators. Based on this, it breaks through the existing single physical unlocking method and static access control mode of two-wheeled vehicles, achieving a comprehensive improvement in personalization, security, and management efficiency during the use of two-wheeled vehicles through multi-dimensional data association and intelligent processing.

[0207] The method provided in this application is applicable to any two-wheeled vehicle, as well as various usage scenarios such as family sharing, community rental, and corporate fleet management. For example, in a family setting, parents can set riding parameters (such as speed limits and usage periods) for their children by binding their fingerprints. In a community sharing setting, administrators can monitor the location of the two-wheeled vehicles and user behavior (such as unauthorized unlocking or riding outside designated areas) in real time, and can also manage them dynamically through a cloud platform. The vehicle lock system architecture for implementing this method is similar to the lock systems in the above embodiments. It can communicate with the vehicle controller via a microcontroller, and combine information acquisition sensors, as well as hardware such as a location positioning module (satellite positioning module) and an inertial measurement unit (such as a gyroscope or accelerometer) to achieve data acquisition, data processing, and control command execution. Users can connect with the cloud server via mobile terminals (such as mobile applications) to support remote permission configuration and alarm push notifications.

[0208] Below, in conjunction with Figure 4 A detailed description of an access control method for a two-wheeled vehicle is provided. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the access control method for a two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application. The executing entity of this method can be an electronic device with corresponding data storage and computing capabilities, such as the vehicle lock system of the two-wheeled vehicle, or a microcontroller or vehicle controller within the lock system. Figure 4 As shown, the method includes steps S401, S402 and S403.

[0209] S401, Obtain the user's hand biometric information. The hand biometric information is used to determine the user's usage rights for the two-wheeled vehicle. The usage rights include a first permission and a second permission. The first permission indicates that the use of the two-wheeled vehicle is allowed, and the second permission indicates that the use of the two-wheeled vehicle is prohibited.

[0210] For example, the microcontroller can receive hand biometric information collected by information acquisition sensors (such as fingerprint sensors, finger vein sensors, etc.) to obtain hand biometric information. User permissions for the two-wheeled vehicle include a first permission representing permission to use the two-wheeled vehicle; and a second permission representing prohibition of using the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0211] S402 determines the user's access rights to the two-wheeled vehicle as either first or second access rights based on hand biometric information.

[0212] For example, the microcontroller can match and verify the acquired hand biometric information by calling the verification information (such as pre-stored fingerprints / finger veins) stored in the storage unit. If the verification is successful, it can be determined as first permission; if the verification fails, it can be determined as second permission.

[0213] S403, if it is determined that the user's access permission to the two-wheeled vehicle is first-level, control the vehicle lock status to unlock; or, if it is determined that the user's access permission to the two-wheeled vehicle is second-level, control the vehicle lock status to lock.

[0214] For example, the vehicle lock system's lock status can include an unlocked state and a locked state. When verification passes and the user's access rights are determined to be first-level, the lock can be opened, and the lock status can be adjusted to the unlocked state. When verification fails and the user's access rights are determined to be second-level, the lock can remain unlocked, and the lock status can be adjusted to the locked state.

[0215] The specific implementation methods and technical effects of the embodiments of this application can be referred to the description in any of the embodiments of this application above, and will not be repeated here.

[0216] The two-wheeled vehicle access control method provided in this application obtains the user's hand biometric information and uses this information as the basis for determining the user's access rights. Because hand biometric information is highly unique and difficult to replicate, it allows for more accurate user access determination, preventing accidental unlocking or locking. When the user is determined to have first-level access, the lock can be opened; when the user is determined to have second-level access, the lock can be closed. Based on this, without relying on physical keys, Bluetooth devices, passwords, or other unlocking methods, a highly convenient two-wheeled vehicle access management and control system can be achieved, allowing users to easily use the two-wheeled vehicle and improving the user experience.

[0217] In one possible implementation, if the user's permission to use the two-wheeled vehicle is determined to be the first permission, the method further includes: querying the user's identity and driving parameters corresponding to the user in a pre-stored data table based on the user's hand biometric information, the driving parameters including at least one of the following: vehicle speed limit, motor output torque limit, driving geographical range, and allowed usage time period; and performing driving control during the user's use of the two-wheeled vehicle based on the user's identity and the corresponding driving parameters.

[0218] For example, user identity can be understood as a user classification method set up to facilitate the differentiation of different users' access rights to the functions of the two-wheeled vehicle. For instance, user identity can include administrators or ordinary users. Alternatively, user identity can also include Level 1 users, Level 2 users, Level 3 users, etc., with different levels of users having different access rights to the functions of the two-wheeled vehicle. For example, Level 1 users can use all functions of the two-wheeled vehicle, Level 2 users can use the basic riding functions and some comfort functions (such as dynamic instrument display and heated throttle), and Level 3 users can only use the basic riding functions. Of course, in practical applications, user identity can also be multiple user identities with other classification methods.

[0219] The driving parameters include at least one of the following: maximum speed limit, maximum motor output torque limit, geographical range of operation, and permitted time period. The maximum speed limit can be understood as the highest speed allowed for the two-wheeled vehicle under normal driving conditions; exceeding this speed will limit the output. The maximum speed limit could be, for example, 25 km / h, 20 km / h, or 15 km / h. The maximum motor output torque limit can be understood as the maximum torque controlled by the motor during riding, for example, 20 Nm, 35 Nm, or 50 Nm.

[0220] The driving geographic range can be understood as the boundary of the area where a two-wheeled vehicle is legally / authorized to drive. Outside this range, speed limits, power outages, alarms, or locking may be implemented. This is commonly used for two-wheeled vehicles in park settings, shared vehicles, or other scenarios. The driving geographic range can be defined, for example, by setting up an electronic fence on an electronic map using a mobile application for the two-wheeled vehicle. For instance, multiple geographic coordinate points can be set on the electronic map, and the electronic fence formed by these coordinate points can be defined as the driving geographic range.

[0221] The permitted usage period can be understood as the time interval during which the two-wheeled vehicle is authorized to start and operate. Outside of this period, the controller can prevent power-on, limit current, or lock the vehicle. This can be used for management and operation, safety control, and nighttime restrictions. The permitted usage period can be set, for example, through the settings options of the two-wheeled vehicle's mobile application.

[0222] A pre-stored data table can be understood as a table that stores the correspondence between data from multiple dimensions; it can also be understood as a database table. For example, any record in the data table may include correspondences between multiple dimensions of data, such as user identifier, user hand biometric verification information, user driving parameters, and user identity.

[0223] For example, user ID 1 is 001, corresponding to the storage of user's fingerprint and finger vein patterns, and user's driving parameters are a maximum speed of 25 km / h; user identity is administrator. User ID 2 is 002, corresponding to the storage of user's fingerprint and finger vein patterns, and user's driving parameters are a maximum speed of 20 km / h; user identity is ordinary user. User ID 3 is 003, corresponding to the storage of user's fingerprint and finger vein patterns, and user's driving parameters are a maximum speed of 18 km / h; user identity is ordinary user.

[0224] When querying a pre-stored data table for user identity and driving parameters based on a user's hand biometric information, it could involve iterating and matching the user's input hand biometric information against various hand biometric verification information stored in the data table. Once a match is successfully found for a specific hand biometric verification information, the user's identity and driving parameters can be determined.

[0225] After verifying a user's identity and driving parameters, the system can control the vehicle's movement based on these parameters. For example, if user #2 inputs their fingerprint onto the vehicle and the fingerprint match is successful, the system can determine that user #2 is a regular user with driving parameters including a maximum speed of 20 km / h. Therefore, basic riding functions and some comfort features (such as dynamic instrument display and heated throttle) will be available to user #2 during vehicle use. Furthermore, the maximum speed the user can reach by turning the throttle is 20 km / h.

[0226] During the control process, control can be performed by a microcontroller, or it can be a combination of a microcontroller and a vehicle controller. For example, the microcontroller acquires data from various sensors (such as throttle opening information and vehicle speed information), converts the acquired data using a one-wire communication protocol, and then transmits it to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller then makes the main control logic decisions and sends control commands to devices such as the motor controller to control the operating status of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0227] In this embodiment, when the user's permission to use the two-wheeled vehicle is determined to be the first permission, the user's identity and driving parameters can be queried from a pre-stored data table based on the user's hand biometric information. Based on this, the user's identity and driving parameters can be quickly and accurately determined, allowing for the matching of corresponding vehicle function usage permissions to that user. Furthermore, based on the user's identity and corresponding driving parameters, driving control is performed during the user's use of the two-wheeled vehicle, achieving reliable two-wheeled vehicle control for the current user. This allows for personalized two-wheeled vehicle usage permissions for different users, balancing the safety and flexibility of two-wheeled vehicle use.

[0228] For example, parents can set a specific speed limit for their adult children to prevent speeding risks. Shared two-wheeler company administrators can set geographical driving ranges for shared users to prevent vehicles from being used outside designated areas. Based on this, by binding user permissions with the driving parameters of the two-wheelers, differentiated management needs in multi-user scenarios can be met, significantly improving the flexibility and safety of two-wheeler use.

[0229] In one possible implementation, based on the user's identity and corresponding driving parameters, driving control is performed during the user's use of the two-wheeled vehicle, including: if the two-wheeled vehicle travels into a warning zone, controlling the two-wheeled vehicle's sound device to issue an audio warning, the warning zone being the area within the driving geographical range and the geographical range being less than a preset distance from the boundary of the driving geographical range; if the two-wheeled vehicle continues to travel towards the boundary of the driving geographical range within the warning zone, controlling the two-wheeled vehicle's speed to decrease to below a first preset speed and maintain it before reaching the boundary of the driving geographical range.

[0230] For example, the warning zone can be understood as the area within the driving geographic range that is less than a preset distance from the boundary of the driving geographic range. The preset distance can be any preset distance value, such as 500 meters, 300 meters, or 100 meters. The first preset speed can be any speed value, such as 1 meter per second, 0.5 meters per second, or 0.1 meters per second. The speed of the two-wheeled vehicle is controlled to decrease to below the first preset speed and maintained, for example, the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle is controlled to be 0 meters per second and maintained.

[0231] For example, within the electronic fence corresponding to the travel area of ​​user #2, a ring-shaped warning zone with a width of 500 meters is set along the boundary of the travel area. When the user rides two wheels into the warning zone, the vehicle controller can control the vehicle's sound device (horn or buzzer) to issue an audio warning, such as a pre-set voice warning or a continuous buzzing sound.

[0232] In implementing this method, the current position of the two-wheeled vehicle, collected in real time by its positioning module, can be used to determine whether it is within the warning zone. If so, the vehicle's sound-emitting device will issue an audio warning; otherwise, the audio warning will not be issued. Alternatively, the audio warning can be stopped once the two-wheeled vehicle leaves the warning zone.

[0233] Based on the real-time data collection of the two-wheeled vehicle's current location, it can be continuously determined whether the vehicle is moving towards the boundary of the designated travel area within the warning zone. For example, it can determine if the vehicle's current position is getting closer to the boundary of the travel area; if so, it can be determined that the vehicle is continuously moving towards the boundary. At this point, the vehicle controller can make a main control logic decision, sending a deceleration command to the motor controller to reduce the vehicle's speed to 0 meters per second and maintain that speed. This reduces the probability of users using the two-wheeled vehicle outside the designated travel area.

[0234] In this embodiment, by issuing an audio warning when the two-wheeled vehicle enters the warning zone, the user is alerted that they are approaching the boundary of the driving geographical area and there is a risk of using the two-wheeled vehicle beyond the boundary. If the two-wheeled vehicle continues to travel towards the boundary of the driving geographical area within the warning zone, its speed can be controlled to decrease to below a first preset speed and maintained before reaching the boundary. This allows for a safe and gradual reduction of speed before crossing the boundary, mitigating the negative impact of violating usage rights by the user driving beyond the boundary.

[0235] In one possible implementation, driving control is performed during the user's use of the two-wheeled vehicle based on the user's identity and corresponding driving parameters. This includes: if the two-wheeled vehicle is traveling within a warning period, controlling the vehicle's sound device to provide an audio prompt; the warning period is a time within the permitted usage period that is less than a preset duration before the end of the permitted usage period; if the two-wheeled vehicle does not decelerate to below a second preset speed within the warning period, controlling the vehicle's speed to decrease to below the second preset speed and maintain it before the end of the permitted usage period.

[0236] For example, the warning period can be understood as the time period within the permitted usage time of the two-wheeled vehicle that is less than a preset duration before the end of the permitted usage time. The preset duration can be any preset value, such as 20 minutes, 5 minutes, or 30 seconds. The second preset speed can be any speed value, such as 1 meter per second, 0.5 meters per second, or 0.1 meters per second. The speed of the two-wheeled vehicle is controlled to decrease to below the second preset speed and maintained, for example, the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle is controlled to be 0 meters per second and maintained.

[0237] For example, if user #2's permitted usage time is 10:00-20:00, with a preset duration of 30 minutes, then if the user's current time of use for the two-wheeled vehicle is between 19:30 and 20:00, meaning the two-wheeled vehicle is in motion within the warning period, then the vehicle controller can be used to control the two-wheeled vehicle's sound device (horn or buzzer) to provide audio prompts, such as preset voice warnings or continuous buzzing sounds.

[0238] In implementing this method, the timer module of the two-wheeled vehicle can be used to determine the current time of the user's use of the two-wheeled vehicle in real time, in order to determine whether it is within the warning period. If it is, the vehicle controller can actively control the two-wheeled vehicle's sound device to provide an audio prompt; if it is not within the warning period, no audio prompt will be provided.

[0239] Based on the real-time data collected on the two-wheeled vehicle's current travel time, it can be continuously determined whether the vehicle is being used within the warning period. If so, the speed sensor data can be used to further determine if the vehicle is decelerating. If there is no deceleration trend, in addition to providing an audio prompt, the vehicle controller can safely control the motor to gradually reduce the vehicle speed to below a second preset speed. This reduces the probability of users exceeding the permitted usage period.

[0240] In this embodiment, by determining the timing of the two-wheeled vehicle's travel, a warning can be issued to the user when the user is about to exceed the permitted usage period. By controlling the vehicle's speed to drop below and maintain a second preset speed before the end of the permitted usage period, the speed can be safely and gradually reduced before exceeding the permitted usage time, mitigating the negative impact of exceeding the usage time limit.

[0241] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: acquiring the tilt angle of the two-wheeled vehicle while the user is using it; if the tilt angle of the two-wheeled vehicle is greater than a preset tilt threshold, controlling the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle to drop below a third preset speed and maintaining it.

[0242] For example, the roll angle can be understood as the angle between the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the two-wheeled vehicle and the vertical plane. The roll angle can be calculated, for example, by collecting the roll angle of the two-wheeled vehicle from inertial measurement units such as gyroscopes and accelerometers. The roll threshold can be any preset angle value, such as 5°, 30°, or 45°.

[0243] The third preset speed can be any speed value, such as 1 meter per second, 0.5 meters per second, or 0.1 meters per second. The system controls the two-wheeled vehicle's speed to decrease to below and maintain the third preset speed, for example, controlling the two-wheeled vehicle's speed to be 0 meters per second and maintaining it. The values ​​of the first, second, and third preset speeds can be the same or different.

[0244] The roll angle of the two-wheeled vehicle can be detected in real time by its inertial measurement unit, which indicates the tilt angle. The detected roll angle is compared with a preset tilt threshold (e.g., 30°). If the tilt angle is greater than the preset threshold, the vehicle is considered to have a large tilt angle. To ensure safe operation, the vehicle controller can reduce the vehicle's speed to below a third preset speed and maintain this speed. Furthermore, once safety is confirmed manually, the speed limit below the third preset speed can be lifted, allowing the user to resume riding the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0245] In this embodiment, during the user's use of the two-wheeled vehicle, the tilt angle of the two-wheeled vehicle is acquired and compared with a tilt threshold. If the tilt angle exceeds the tilt threshold, the vehicle speed is actively controlled to decrease to below a third preset speed and maintained. This protects the two-wheeled vehicle from severe falls or reduces the risk of dragging the vehicle for a long distance after a fall. Based on this, the risk of reversing and secondary hazards caused by reversing can be reduced, improving the safe driving control capability of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0246] In one possible implementation, the data table stores the communication address of the two-wheeled vehicle's administrator. The method further includes: generating report information when the two-wheeled vehicle continues to travel towards the boundary of the geographical range within the warning zone, when the two-wheeled vehicle does not decelerate to below a second preset speed during the warning period, and / or when the tilt angle of the two-wheeled vehicle is greater than a preset tilt threshold. The report information includes at least one of the following: the current position of the two-wheeled vehicle, the start and stop times of the two-wheeled vehicle, and the user's user identifier; and sending the report information to the administrator's communication address.

[0247] For example, an administrator can be understood as a user with high management authority over the two-wheeled vehicle, such as a user with the highest level of access. The administrator's communication address can be a data receiving address used to receive messages sent by the two-wheeled vehicle, such as including the unique hardware serial number of the administrator's mobile device (such as a mobile phone) and the Internet Protocol (IP) address.

[0248] A report on the two-wheeled vehicle's status can be generated and sent to the administrator if any of the following conditions are met: the two-wheeled vehicle continues to travel towards the boundary of the geographical area within the warning zone; the two-wheeled vehicle fails to decelerate to below the second preset speed during the warning period; or the two-wheeled vehicle's tilt angle is greater than the preset tilt threshold.

[0249] The report information includes at least one of the following: the current location of the two-wheeled vehicle, the start and stop times of the two-wheeled vehicle, and the user's identifier. The current location of the two-wheeled vehicle can be represented by geographic coordinates, its location point on an electronic map, etc. The start and stop times of the two-wheeled vehicle can include the start time of this use (e.g., 19:30:05) and the stop time when the speed was controlled to be reduced to below a second preset speed (e.g., 19:59:05). The user's identifier can be information that uniquely identifies the user, such as the user's ID, nickname, or name.

[0250] When sending report information to the administrator's communication address, the generated report information can be sent to the administrator's mobile terminal via wireless communication or other data transmission methods, so that the administrator can receive and understand the usage of the two-wheeled vehicles in a timely manner, and make appropriate decisions on the disposal of the two-wheeled vehicles.

[0251] In this embodiment, when the two-wheeled vehicle continues to travel towards the boundary of the geographical range within the warning zone, when the two-wheeled vehicle does not decelerate to below the second preset speed within the warning period, and / or when the tilt angle of the two-wheeled vehicle is greater than the preset tilt threshold, a report is generated and sent to the administrator's communication address. This allows for timely reporting of the two-wheeled vehicle's usage status to the administrator, reducing the impact of abnormal use of the two-wheeled vehicle on its management and improving the intelligent management capabilities of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0252] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: when the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle is controlled to drop below a first preset speed and remain thereafter, when the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle is controlled to drop below a second preset speed and remain thereafter, and / or when the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle is controlled to drop below a third preset speed and remain thereafter, receiving instruction information from the administrator terminal device of the two-wheeled vehicle, the instruction information indicating whether to lift or expand user restrictions on the use of the two-wheeled vehicle; when the instruction information indicates lifting user restrictions on the use of the two-wheeled vehicle, lifting the speed limit control on the two-wheeled vehicle, or when the instruction information indicates expanding user restrictions on the use of the two-wheeled vehicle, expanding the user's restrictions on the use of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0253] For example, the administrator terminal device for a two-wheeled vehicle can be understood as a terminal device that manages the usage rights of the two-wheeled vehicle, such as the administrator's mobile phone, watch, or tablet. The two-wheeled vehicle can establish a communication connection with the administrator terminal device to exchange data.

[0254] When the administrator's terminal device detects that a user is currently using a two-wheeled vehicle and there are potential issues such as unauthorized use, exceeding the permitted time limit, and / or a risk of tipping over, it can send an instruction message to the two-wheeled vehicle (microcontroller or vehicle controller). This instruction message can be used to indicate whether to lift or expand the user's restrictions on using the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0255] For example, when the administrator confirms that the two-wheeled vehicle can be used beyond the designated area, can be used beyond the permitted time limit, and / or confirms that there is no risk of tipping over, the administrator can send an instruction to the two-wheeled vehicle via the administrator's terminal device to lift the user's restriction on the two-wheeled vehicle. This allows the current user to continue using the two-wheeled vehicle, achieving the goal of flexibly managing the right to use the two-wheeled vehicle according to the usage needs of the scenario.

[0256] For example, when an administrator confirms that a two-wheeled vehicle cannot be used beyond its designated area, cannot be used beyond its permitted time limit, and / or confirms a risk of tipping over, the administrator can send an instruction to the two-wheeled vehicle via the administrator's terminal device not to lift the user's restrictions on using the two-wheeled vehicle. This would prevent the current user from continuing to use the two-wheeled vehicle, thus avoiding unauthorized use or potential risks.

[0257] Furthermore, after the administrator's terminal device receives the actual usage information of the two-wheeled vehicles (such as through reports), it can further tighten control over the current user's right to use the two-wheeled vehicles. For example, it can control the vehicle speed to 0 meters per second, lock the axles, stop the two-wheeled vehicle from moving, and provide a voice prompt to the user prohibiting its use. When increasing the control over usage permissions, the two-wheeled vehicle can also be instructed to perform these actions via notification messages.

[0258] When an administrator's terminal device sends instructions to a two-wheeled vehicle, it can do so in natural language or through a set of preset options. For example, preset options might include removing speed limits, resuming speed limits, or increasing access control, such as locking the vehicle or issuing a voice prompt. The administrator can then send the corresponding instructions by clicking the desired option. In practice, the method of sending instructions is not limited to the examples described above.

[0259] In this embodiment, when the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle is controlled to drop below and remain below a first preset speed, and / or, when the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle is controlled to drop below and remain below a second preset speed, and / or, when the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle is controlled to drop below and remain below a third preset speed, by receiving instruction information from the administrator terminal device of the two-wheeled vehicle, it is possible to instruct whether to lift or expand user restrictions on the use of the two-wheeled vehicle. If the instruction information indicates that user restrictions on the use of the two-wheeled vehicle should be lifted, the speed limit control on the two-wheeled vehicle can be lifted; or, when it is necessary to expand the control over user access rights, instruction information can also be used for instruction and execution. Based on this, the usage rights of the two-wheeled vehicle can be flexibly controlled, the usage status control of the two-wheeled vehicle can be conveniently realized, and the applicability of scenarios can be improved.

[0260] In one possible implementation, the communication address of the two-wheeled vehicle administrator is stored in a pre-stored data table. If the user's access permission to the two-wheeled vehicle is determined to be a second-level permission, the method further includes: counting the number of times the user inputs hand biometric information; if the number of inputs exceeds a preset input threshold within a preset time period, generating an alarm message, the alarm message including at least one of the following: hand biometric information, number of inputs, start and end times of the user's hand biometric information input, and the current location of the two-wheeled vehicle; and sending the alarm message to the administrator's communication address.

[0261] For example, the administrator and their communication address can be referred to the description in the above embodiments. When it is determined that the user's permission to use the two-wheeled vehicle is the second permission, it indicates that the user does not have the right to use the two-wheeled vehicle, and permission to use the two-wheeled vehicle cannot be granted. At this time, in addition to controlling the vehicle lock status to be locked, an alarm message can also be sent to the administrator to report the current status of the two-wheeled vehicle to the administrator through the alarm message.

[0262] For example, if a user enters their fingerprint multiple times during unlocking verification, the microcontroller can count the number of times the user inputs their hand biometric information (e.g., 5 times). A preset time period could be set from the moment the user first enters their fingerprint until a preset duration (e.g., 1 minute) is reached. By counting the number of inputs within the preset time period, it can be determined whether the user has attempted to unlock the vehicle multiple times in a short period. If the number of inputs exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 3 times), it indicates that the user is likely not authorized and that the user's attempts to unlock the vehicle within a short time suggest a risk of abnormal unlocking or use. In this case, an alarm message can be generated.

[0263] The alarm information includes at least one of the following: hand biometric information, number of inputs, start and end times of the user's hand biometric input, and the current location of the two-wheeled vehicle. Hand biometric information can be, for example, the user's fingerprint / finger vein input. The number of inputs can be a statistical value. The start and end times of the user's hand biometric input include the time of the first and last input of hand biometric information. The current location of the two-wheeled vehicle can be its current geographic coordinates or its location on an electronic map.

[0264] After generating an alarm message, the alarm message can be sent to the administrator's mobile terminal via wireless communication or other data transmission methods, so that the administrator can receive and understand the usage of the two-wheeled vehicle in a timely manner, and make appropriate decisions on how to handle the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0265] In this embodiment, the number of times a user inputs their hand biometric information is entered is counted, and within a preset time period, this number is compared with a preset threshold to determine whether the two-wheeled vehicle has encountered an abnormal unlocking operation. When the number of inputs exceeds the threshold, an alarm message is generated promptly and sent to the administrator's communication address. This timely alert to the administrator that the two-wheeled vehicle may be being illegally unlocked, reducing the negative impact of unauthorized use on vehicle management and preventing vehicle loss.

[0266] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle state control device for a two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, this application embodiment provides a vehicle state control device for a two-wheeled vehicle, the device comprising:

[0267] The first acquisition module 501 is used to acquire the hand biometric information input by the user. The hand biometric information is used to verify the effectiveness of vehicle state control of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0268] The verification module 502 is used to call pre-stored verification information to verify the validity of hand biometric information and obtain the validity verification result;

[0269] The first control module 503 is used to control the lock status of the two-wheeled vehicle to be either unlocked or locked based on the validity verification result.

[0270] The first control module 503 is also used to control the two-wheeled vehicle to open the corresponding vehicle functions to the user based on the hand biometric information when the vehicle lock of the two-wheeled vehicle is in the unlocked state.

[0271] In one possible implementation, the first control module 503 is specifically used for:

[0272] The user's target functional range is determined based on hand biometric information. The target functional range is one of multiple preset functional ranges, and any preset functional range corresponds to one or more vehicle functions.

[0273] Based on the user's target functional range, the two-wheeled vehicle is controlled to open up the vehicle functions included in the target functional range to the user.

[0274] In one possible implementation, the device further includes a setting module for:

[0275] For any pre-stored verification information, set a preset functional range among multiple preset functional ranges to correspond to any verification information;

[0276] The first control module 503 is specifically used for: during the validity verification process, if the hand biometric information is successfully matched with any verification information, determining the preset functional range corresponding to any verification information as the target functional range corresponding to the user.

[0277] In one possible implementation, the vehicle functions of the two-wheeled vehicle include at least one of the following: riding function, adaptive cruise control function, hill start assist function, power mode switching function, obstacle warning function, battery status warning function, voice control function, instrument panel projection function, map navigation function, and driver riding status detection function.

[0278] In one possible implementation, the hand biometric information includes first feature information and second feature information, wherein the first feature information and the second feature information are hand biometric information collected by hand biometric information acquisition sensors with different working principles.

[0279] The verification module 502 is specifically used to: call the pre-stored first verification information to verify the validity of the first feature information and obtain the first sub-result. The first verification information is the verification information collected by the hand biometric information acquisition sensor that corresponds to the working principle of the first feature information.

[0280] The second feature information is validated by calling the pre-stored second verification information to obtain the second sub-result. The second verification information is the verification information collected by the hand biometric information acquisition sensor that corresponds to the working principle of the second feature information.

[0281] Based on the first and second sub-results, a decision is made according to the preset decision rules to obtain the validity verification results.

[0282] In one possible implementation, the first feature information and the second feature information are hand biometric information collected by fingerprint sensors with different acquisition principles; or, the first feature information and the second feature information are hand biometric information collected by fingerprint sensors and finger vein sensors, respectively.

[0283] In one possible implementation, the first control module 503 is specifically used for:

[0284] According to the data transmission rules defined by the One-Line Communication Protocol, the validity verification result is processed by data conversion to obtain a validity verification result message that conforms to the One-Line Communication Protocol.

[0285] The validity verification result message is sent to the vehicle controller of the two-wheeled vehicle through a single signal line, so that the vehicle controller can control the vehicle lock status to be unlocked or locked based on the validity verification result message.

[0286] In one possible implementation, the validity verification result includes valid results and invalid results;

[0287] Valid results indicate that the hand biometric information has been verified, allowing control of the vehicle lock status based on the hand biometric information; invalid results indicate that the hand biometric information has not been verified, prohibiting control of the vehicle lock status based on the hand biometric information.

[0288] The vehicle state control device for two-wheeled vehicles provided in this application embodiment can be used to execute the technical solution of the vehicle state control method for two-wheeled vehicles in any of the above embodiments of this application. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0289] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the access control device for a two-wheeled vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 6As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a two-wheeled vehicle access control device, the device comprising:

[0290] The second acquisition module 601 is used to acquire the hand biometric information input by the user. The hand biometric information is used to determine the user's permission to use the two-wheeled vehicle. The permission includes a first permission and a second permission. The first permission indicates that the use of the two-wheeled vehicle is allowed, and the second permission indicates that the use of the two-wheeled vehicle is prohibited.

[0291] The determination module 602 is used to determine whether the user's permission to use the two-wheeled vehicle is the first permission or the second permission based on the hand biometric information;

[0292] The second control module 603 is used to control the lock state of the two-wheeled vehicle to be unlocked when it is determined that the user's access rights to the two-wheeled vehicle are first-level, or to control the lock state of the two-wheeled vehicle to be locked when it is determined that the user's access rights to the two-wheeled vehicle are second-level.

[0293] In one possible implementation, if the user's access permission to the two-wheeled vehicle is determined to be the first permission, the second control module 603 is further configured to:

[0294] Based on the user's hand biometric information, the system queries the pre-stored data table to find the user's identity and driving parameters, which include at least one of the following: vehicle speed limit, motor output torque limit, driving geographical range, and permitted usage time period.

[0295] Based on the user's identity and corresponding driving parameters, driving control is performed while the user is using the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0296] In one possible implementation, the second control module 603 is further configured to:

[0297] If the two-wheeled vehicle travels into the warning zone, the vehicle's sound device will be controlled to issue an audio warning. The warning zone is the area within the travel geographical range that is less than a preset distance from the boundary of the travel geographical range.

[0298] If the two-wheeled vehicle continues to travel towards the boundary of the driving geographical range within the warning zone, the vehicle speed will be reduced to below the first preset speed and maintained before reaching the boundary of the driving geographical range.

[0299] In one possible implementation, the second control module 603 is further configured to:

[0300] If the two-wheeled vehicle is traveling within the warning period, the vehicle's sound device will be controlled to provide an audio prompt. The warning period is the time period within the permitted use period that is less than the end of the permitted use period.

[0301] If the two-wheeled vehicle does not decelerate to below the second preset speed within the warning period, the vehicle speed will be reduced to below the second preset speed and maintained before the end of the permitted use period.

[0302] In one possible implementation, the second control module 603 is further configured to:

[0303] During the user's use of the two-wheeled vehicle, the tilt angle of the two-wheeled vehicle is obtained;

[0304] If the tilt angle of the two-wheeled vehicle is greater than the preset tilt threshold, the vehicle speed will be reduced to below the third preset speed and maintained.

[0305] In one possible implementation, the data table stores the communication address of the two-wheeled vehicle's administrator, and the second control module 603 is further used for:

[0306] If the two-wheeled vehicle continues to travel towards the boundary of the geographical range within the warning zone, if the two-wheeled vehicle fails to decelerate to below the second preset speed within the warning period, and / or if the tilt angle of the two-wheeled vehicle is greater than the preset tilt threshold, a report information is generated. The report information includes at least one of the following: the current position of the two-wheeled vehicle, the start and stop time of the two-wheeled vehicle, and the user's user identifier.

[0307] Send the report information to the administrator's communication address.

[0308] In one possible implementation, the second control module 603 is further configured to: receive instruction information from the administrator terminal device of the two-wheeled vehicle when the vehicle speed is controlled to drop below a first preset speed and remain thereafter, when the vehicle speed is controlled to drop below a second preset speed and remain thereafter, and / or when the vehicle speed is controlled to drop below a third preset speed and remain thereafter, the instruction information being used to indicate whether to lift or expand the user's restrictions on the use of the two-wheeled vehicle; when the instruction information indicates that the user's restrictions on the use of the two-wheeled vehicle should be lifted, the speed limit control on the two-wheeled vehicle should be lifted; or when the instruction information indicates that the user's restrictions on the use of the two-wheeled vehicle should be expanded.

[0309] In one possible implementation, the communication address of the two-wheeled vehicle administrator is stored in a pre-stored data table. When it is determined that the user's access permission for the two-wheeled vehicle is the second permission, the second control module 603 is further configured to:

[0310] Count the number of times users input their hand biometric information;

[0311] If the number of inputs exceeds the preset input threshold within a preset time period, an alarm message is generated. The alarm message includes at least one of the following: hand biometric information, number of inputs, start and end times of the user's hand biometric input, and the current location of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0312] Send alarm information to the administrator's communication address.

[0313] The two-wheeled vehicle access control device provided in this application embodiment can be used to execute the technical solution of the two-wheeled vehicle access control method in any of the above embodiments of this application. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0314] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device of this embodiment may include: at least one processor 701; and a memory 702 communicatively connected to at least one processor; wherein the memory 702 stores instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 701, and the instructions are executed by at least one processor 701 to cause the electronic device to perform the method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0315] Optionally, the memory 702 can be either standalone or integrated with the processor 701.

[0316] The implementation principle and technical effects of the electronic device provided in this embodiment can be found in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0317] This application also provides a two-wheeled vehicle that includes the vehicle lock system of any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0318] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0319] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0320] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple modules may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0321] The integrated modules described above, implemented as software functional modules, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. These software functional modules, stored in a storage medium, include several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or processor to execute some steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application.

[0322] It should be understood that the aforementioned processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other general-purpose processors. The processor can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the application can be directly manifested as being executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0323] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device, and may also be various media that can store program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), disks or optical discs.

[0324] The aforementioned storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof. Examples of storage media include Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM) or Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM).

[0325] Storage media can be, for example, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) or programmable read-only memory (PROM). Storage media can also be read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disks, or optical disks. Storage media can be any available medium accessible to general-purpose or special-purpose computers.

[0326] An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium can be an integral part of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside within an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the processor and storage medium can exist as discrete components within an electronic device or host device.

[0327] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0328] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are merely for description and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method.

[0329] Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of this application.

[0330] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

[0331] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0332] It should be further noted that although the steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise explicitly stated in this document, there is no strict order requirement for the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders.

[0333] Furthermore, at least some steps in the flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but may be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0334] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification.

[0335] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0336] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle lock system for a two-wheeled vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle lock system includes: An information acquisition sensor is used to acquire hand biometric information input by the user. A microcontroller, connected to the information acquisition sensor, is used to receive hand biometric information acquired by the information acquisition sensor and obtain an validity verification result based on the hand biometric information; A vehicle controller, which is connected to the microcontroller, is used to receive the validity verification result and generate a vehicle lock control command based on the validity verification result; The vehicle lock is connected to the vehicle controller and is used to receive the vehicle lock control command and switch between the unlocked and locked states according to the vehicle lock control command.

2. The vehicle lock system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The information acquisition sensor includes a first sensor and a second sensor. The first sensor and the second sensor are hand biometric information acquisition sensors with different working principles. The hand biometric information includes first feature information and second feature information acquired with different acquisition principles. The information acquisition sensor further includes an acquisition unit, which is connected to the first sensor and the second sensor respectively. The acquisition unit is used to acquire the first feature information for the first sensor and acquire the second feature information for the second sensor. The microcontroller receives the first feature information and the second feature information, and performs validity verification based on the first feature information and the second feature information to obtain the validity verification result.

3. The vehicle lock system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The validity verification results include valid results and invalid results; The valid result indicates that the hand biometric information has been verified and allows control of the vehicle lock status based on the hand biometric information; the invalid result indicates that the hand biometric information has not been verified and prohibits control of the vehicle lock status based on the hand biometric information.

4. The vehicle lock system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The microcontroller is also used to perform validity verification based on the first feature information collected by the first sensor to obtain a first sub-result; The microcontroller is also used to perform validity verification based on the second feature information collected by the second sensor to obtain a second sub-result; The microcontroller is further configured to obtain the valid result if at least one of the first sub-result and the second sub-result indicates that the verification has passed.

5. The vehicle lock system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first sensor and the second sensor are fingerprint sensors with different acquisition principles; or, the first sensor and the second sensor are a fingerprint sensor and a finger vein sensor, respectively.

6. The vehicle lock system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The vehicle lock system also includes a storage unit connected to the microcontroller, which is used to store verification information for verifying the hand biometric information. The microcontroller is further configured to, upon receiving hand biometric information collected from the information acquisition sensor, call the verification information stored in the storage unit, compare and verify the verification information with the hand biometric information, and obtain the validity verification result based on the comparison and verification result.

7. The vehicle lock system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The vehicle lock system also includes a single signal line, which is disposed between the vehicle controller and the microcontroller. The single signal line is used to support data transmission using a one-line communication protocol and to send the validity verification result to the vehicle controller.

8. The vehicle lock system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The vehicle lock system also includes a throttle heater, which is connected to the microcontroller and is used to heat the throttle of the two-wheeled vehicle. The microcontroller is also used to control the throttle heater to heat the throttle of the two-wheeled vehicle when it receives hand biometric information collected from the information acquisition sensor.

9. The vehicle lock system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The vehicle lock system also includes a throttle opening sensor, which is connected to the microcontroller. The throttle opening sensor is used to collect throttle opening information, which is used to characterize the opening degree of the throttle of the two-wheeled vehicle. The throttle opening sensor is also used to send the collected throttle opening information to the microcontroller; The microcontroller is also used to perform data conversion processing of the throttle opening information using a predefined communication protocol to obtain a throttle opening message, and to send the throttle opening message to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller is further configured to control the speed of the two-wheeled vehicle based on the throttle opening message from the microcontroller, when controlling the vehicle lock to switch to the unlocked state according to the validity verification result.

10. A two-wheeled vehicle, characterized in that, The two-wheeled vehicle includes the vehicle locking system as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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