Waste acid comprehensive utilization device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste liquid treatment, in particular to a waste acid comprehensive utilization device and method.The waste acid comprehensive utilization device comprises a spraying pipe, a spraying frame, a conveying line, an impurity collecting plate, an impurity collecting box, a residue collecting box, a backflow pipe and a backflow pump, the spraying pipe communicates with a storage tank, the spraying frame is arranged below the spraying pipe, and the conveying line is rotationally arranged below the spraying frame; a reaction raw material containing box is arranged at one end of the conveying line, an impurity collecting plate is arranged below the conveying line, an impurity collecting box is arranged on one side of the impurity collecting plate, a residue collecting box is arranged on one side of the conveying line, and a backflow pipe is communicated with a treatment box and communicated with a material storage tank through a backflow pump. Reaction raw materials can be automatically added, precipitates generated by reaction can be collected, and the reaction raw materials can be added without shutdown, so that the working efficiency can be improved.

Description

A device and method for comprehensive utilization of waste acid Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste liquid treatment technology, and in particular to a device and method for the comprehensive utilization of waste acid. Background Technology

[0002] Existing waste acid treatment processes generally employ limestone neutralization, which removes acidic substances by chemically reacting waste acid with limestone. In this process, nitric acid reacts with limestone to produce calcium nitrate, water, and carbon dioxide gas. Calcium nitrate dissolves in water to form a solution, while unreacted limestone particles, tiny precipitates produced during the reaction, and other insoluble impurities remain as solids.

[0003] These solid substances gradually accumulate in the treatment system, especially forming a filter cake layer in solid-liquid separation devices such as filter boxes or sedimentation tanks. As the filter cake continues to accumulate, the filtration efficiency will decrease significantly, and it may even cause blockage of pipes or filter screens, affecting the normal operation of the system. Therefore, in order to maintain the treatment effect and system stability, it is necessary to shut down the system periodically for manual cleaning, remove solid residues from the filter box, and replenish the limestone raw material consumed by the reaction.

[0004] This intermittent operation mode has obvious drawbacks. Each shutdown for cleaning and refueling interrupts the continuous flow and treatment of waste acid, making continuous operation of the entire process impossible. Frequent start-ups and shutdowns not only increase the labor intensity and maintenance costs for operators but also reduce the overall operating efficiency and processing capacity of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for the comprehensive utilization of waste acid, which can automatically add reaction raw materials and collect the precipitate produced by the reaction without stopping the machine, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a waste acid comprehensive utilization device, comprising a base, a storage tank, and a processing box. The base is fixedly connected to the processing box and is located at the bottom of the processing box. The storage tank is disposed above the processing box. The device also includes a spray pipe, a spray frame, a conveyor line, an impurity collection plate, an impurity collection box, a residue collection box, a reflux pipe, and a reflux pump. The spray pipe is connected to the storage tank. The spray frame is disposed below the spray pipe. The conveyor line is rotatably disposed below the spray frame. A reaction raw material placement box is disposed at one end of the conveyor line. The impurity collection plate is disposed below the conveyor line. The impurity collection box is disposed on one side of the impurity collection plate. The residue collection box is disposed on one side of the conveyor line. The reflux pipe is connected to the processing box and is connected to the storage tank via the reflux pump.

[0007] The spray frame includes a frame body, two partitions and a first driver. The two partitions are slidably disposed at the inlet and outlet of the frame body, respectively, and the first driver is connected to the two partitions.

[0008] The spray frame further includes two triangular plates, two guide plates, and two second drivers. The two triangular plates are slidably disposed on both sides of the frame, the two guide plates are fixed on the two triangular plates, and the output ends of the two second drivers are respectively connected to the two triangular plates.

[0009] The spray pipe includes a pipe body, multiple nozzles, an adjustment frame, and an adjustment screw. The multiple nozzles are rotatably mounted on the pipe body. The adjustment frame has multiple through holes and is slidably mounted on one side of the pipe body. The multiple nozzles pass through the multiple through holes respectively. The adjustment screw is threadedly connected to the adjustment frame.

[0010] The waste acid comprehensive utilization device also includes two side plates, which are fixed on both sides of the conveyor line.

[0011] The waste acid comprehensive utilization device also includes a scraper, which is slidably disposed on the surface of the impurity collection plate.

[0012] The scraper includes a scraper body, a support plate, a drive gear, a rack, and a drive motor. The support plate is slidably disposed on the impurity collection plate, the rack is fixed on the impurity collection plate, the drive gear is rotatably disposed on the support plate and meshes with the rack, the output end of the drive motor is connected to the drive gear, and the scraper body is rotatably disposed on the support plate, and the scraper body can rotate in one direction.

[0013] The impurity collection box includes a first box body, a door panel, and a handle. The door panel is rotatably connected to the first box body and is located on one side of the first box body. The handle is fixed to the door panel.

[0014] The residue collection box includes a second box body, a flushing head, and a bottom baffle. The second box body is located on one side of the conveyor line. The flushing head is used to flush the conveyor line. The bottom baffle is located below the conveyor line and is used to scrape off the impurities remaining on the conveyor line.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for comprehensive utilization of waste acid, comprising: placing the reaction raw materials into a reaction raw material storage box, starting the conveyor line to transport the reaction raw materials to the area below the spray frame; starting the spray pipe to spray the waste acid onto the reaction raw materials for reaction; after the reaction reaches a preset time, starting the conveyor line to move the reaction raw materials, so that the reaction residue enters the impurity collection box under gravity; the reaction precipitate falls through the holes on the conveyor line to the impurity collection plate and enters the impurity collection box for storage under gravity; the waste acid after reaction enters the treatment box for storage and is returned to the storage tank for recycling through the return pipe and return pump.

[0016] This invention discloses a waste acid comprehensive utilization device and method. The base serves as the fundamental support structure for the entire device, used to securely install various functional components. The base is fixed to the main body and firmly connected to the processing tank, located at the bottom of the processing tank, serving to bear weight and stabilize the tank. A storage tank is positioned above the processing tank, transporting stored waste acid or other reaction liquids to subsequent processing units via gravity or pumping. A spray pipe is installed inside or above the processing tank, one end of which is connected to the storage tank for discharging waste acid from it. A spray frame is installed below the outlet of the spray pipe, enabling uniform dispersion and spraying of the waste acid from the spray pipe, forming a mist or fine stream to increase the contact area with the material to be treated, improving reaction or cleaning efficiency. A conveyor line is located directly below the spray frame; this conveyor line can rotate and continuously transport the reaction raw materials to be treated. A reaction raw material storage box is configured at one end of the conveyor line for storing and periodically or continuously supplying the raw materials that need to react with the waste acid or be cleaned to the conveyor line, achieving automated continuous operation. To effectively collect impurities generated during the processing, an impurity collection plate is installed below the conveyor line. This plate intercepts solid impurities or precipitates generated from the reaction on the materials. An impurity collection box is located on one side of the impurity collection plate, facilitating the centralized collection and periodic cleaning of the collected impurities. Simultaneously, a residue collection box is also located on one side of the conveyor line to receive residues separated from the processed materials, achieving solid-liquid separation and classified collection. The device also includes a reflux pipe and a reflux pump. One end of the reflux pipe is connected to the processing tank to collect the remaining acid or reaction liquid after processing; the other end is connected to the storage tank via the reflux pump, thus forming a closed loop. Through the operation of the reflux pump, the acid that has undergone preliminary purification or concentration in the processing tank can be pumped back to the storage tank, achieving acid recycling, reducing resource waste, lowering processing costs, and mitigating environmental pollution. This allows the device to automatically add reaction raw materials and collect precipitates generated during the reaction without stopping the machine, thereby improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a waste acid comprehensive utilization device according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the right side of a waste acid comprehensive utilization device according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 is a left structural diagram of a waste acid comprehensive utilization device according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a waste acid comprehensive utilization device according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a waste acid comprehensive utilization device of the present invention along the impurity collection plate.

[0023] Figure 6 is a magnified view of detail A in Figure 5.

[0024] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a waste acid comprehensive utilization device according to the present invention along a triangular plate.

[0025] Base 101, storage tank 102, processing box 103, spray pipe 104, spray frame 105, conveyor line 106, impurity collection plate 107, impurity collection box 108, residue collection box 109, reflux pipe 110, reflux pump 111, reaction raw material placement box 112, frame 113, partition 114, first driver 115, triangular plate 116, guide plate 117, second driver 118, pipe body 119, nozzle 120, adjusting frame 121, adjusting screw 122, side plate 123, scraper 124, scraper body 125, support plate 126, drive gear 127, rack 128, drive motor 129, first box 130, door panel 131, handle 132, second box 133, flushing head 134, bottom baffle 135. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1-7 for the first embodiment. This invention provides a waste acid comprehensive utilization device, including a base 101, a storage tank 102, and a processing box 103. The base is fixedly connected to the processing box 103 and is located at the bottom of the processing box 103. The storage tank 102 is positioned above the processing box 103. The device also includes a spray pipe 104, a spray frame 105, a conveyor line 106, an impurity collection plate 107, an impurity collection box 108, a residue collection box 109, a return pipe 110, and a return pump 111. The spray pipe 104 is connected to the storage tank 102. The spray frame 105 is located below the spray pipe 104, the conveyor line 106 is rotatably located below the spray frame 105, a reaction raw material placement box 112 is provided at one end of the conveyor line 106, the impurity collection plate 107 is located below the conveyor line 106, the impurity collection box 108 is located on one side of the impurity collection plate 107, the residue collection box 109 is located on one side of the conveyor line 106, the reflux pipe 110 is connected to the processing box 103, and is connected to the storage tank 102 through the reflux pump 111.

[0029] In this embodiment, the base 101 serves as the basic support structure for the entire device, used to securely install various functional components. The base is fixed to the base 101 and firmly connected to the processing tank 103, located at the bottom of the processing tank 103, serving to bear weight and stabilize the processing tank 103. The storage tank 102 is positioned above the processing tank 103, and transports the stored waste acid or other reaction liquids to subsequent processing units via gravity or pumping.

[0030] A spray pipe 104 is provided inside or above the treatment tank 103. One end of the spray pipe 104 is connected to the storage tank 102 for discharging waste acid from the storage tank 102. A spray frame 105 is installed below the outlet of the spray pipe 104 to evenly disperse and spray the waste acid from the spray pipe 104, forming a mist or fine stream to increase the contact area with the material to be treated and improve the reaction or cleaning efficiency.

[0031] A conveyor line 106 is located directly below the spray frame 105. This conveyor line 106 is rotatable and used to continuously transport the reaction raw materials to be processed. A reaction raw material storage box 112 is configured at one end of the conveyor line 106 to store and periodically or continuously supply the raw materials that need to react with waste acid or be cleaned to the conveyor line 106, so as to realize automated continuous operation.

[0032] To effectively collect impurities generated during the processing, an impurity collection plate 107 is installed below the conveyor line 106. This plate intercepts solid impurities or precipitates generated from the reaction with the material. An impurity collection box 108 is located on one side of the impurity collection plate 107, facilitating the centralized collection and periodic cleaning of the collected impurities. Simultaneously, a residue collection box 109 is also provided on one side of the conveyor line 106 to receive residues separated from the processed material, achieving solid-liquid separation and classified collection.

[0033] The device also includes a reflux pipe 110 and a reflux pump 111. One end of the reflux pipe 110 is connected to the processing tank 103 to collect the remaining acid or reaction solution after treatment; the other end is connected to the storage tank 102 via the reflux pump 111, thus forming a closed loop. Through the operation of the reflux pump 111, the acid solution that has undergone preliminary purification or concentration in the processing tank 103 can be pumped back to the storage tank 102, realizing the recycling of the acid solution, reducing resource waste, lowering processing costs, and mitigating environmental pollution. This allows the device to automatically add reaction raw materials and collect the precipitate produced by the reaction without stopping the machine, thereby improving operating efficiency.

[0034] The spray frame 105 includes a frame 113, two partitions 114 and a first driver 115. The two partitions 114 are slidably disposed at the inlet and outlet of the frame 113, respectively, and the first driver 115 is connected to the two partitions 114.

[0035] The frame 113 is the main structure of the spray frame 105, and is usually made of corrosion-resistant materials (such as stainless steel or engineering plastics) to adapt to the long-term use environment of corrosive liquids such as waste acid. The frame 113 has a clearly defined inlet and outlet end, which is used to guide the waste acid from the spray pipe 104 into and evenly distribute it to the lower area.

[0036] A partition 114 is slidably installed at the inlet and outlet ends of the frame 113. These two partitions 114 can slide horizontally along the inner wall of the frame 113, so that after the reaction raw materials are in place, the partitions 114 can be lowered to form a closed flushing reaction space, and after the reaction raw materials are used up, the partitions 114 can be moved upward, at which time the conveyor line 106 can continue to move to replace the reaction raw materials, making it more convenient to use.

[0037] The spray frame 105 also includes two triangular plates 116, two guide plates 117, and two second drivers 118. The two triangular plates 116 are slidably disposed on both sides of the frame 113, the two guide plates 117 are fixed on the two triangular plates 116, and the output ends of the two second drivers 118 are respectively connected to the two triangular plates 116.

[0038] In order to ensure that the reactants can come into full contact with the waste acid and improve the utilization rate of the reactants, after a period of reaction, the second driver 118 can be activated to move the two triangular plates 116 toward the center, so that the reactants can be turned to the center position, and the waste acid can be guided to the center position through the guide plate 117, so that the reactants can react fully.

[0039] The spray pipe 104 includes a pipe body 119, a plurality of spray nozzles 120, an adjustment frame 121, and an adjustment screw 122. The plurality of spray nozzles 120 are rotatably mounted on the pipe body 119. The adjustment frame 121 has a plurality of through holes and is slidably mounted on one side of the pipe body 119. The plurality of spray nozzles 120 pass through the plurality of through holes respectively. The adjustment screw 122 is threadedly connected to the adjustment frame 121.

[0040] The pipe body 119 is a hollow, corrosion-resistant pipe, typically made of acid and alkali resistant materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PP (polypropylene), or 316L stainless steel, used to transport waste acid or other treated liquids from the storage tank 102. Multiple mounting holes are evenly distributed along the length of the pipe body 119, with a nozzle 120 rotatably installed in each mounting hole.

[0041] The multiple nozzles 120 are rotatably mounted on the tube body 119 via a spherical hinge structure or a rotating bushing, allowing each nozzle 120 to freely adjust its spray direction within a certain angle range. The nozzles 120 have internal guide channels and atomizing structures, enabling various spray patterns such as fan-shaped, cone-shaped, or straight jets to meet different cleaning, reaction, or wetting needs.

[0042] An adjustment frame 121 is provided on one side of the tube body 119. The adjustment frame 121 has a strip-shaped or arc-shaped structure and multiple through holes corresponding to the number of nozzles 120. These through holes are arranged linearly or in an array to accommodate and guide the nozzle portion of the nozzles 120 through them. The adjustment frame 121 is slidably disposed on the outside of the tube body 119 and can move smoothly along the axial direction of the tube body 119 via guide rails or limiting grooves.

[0043] The adjusting screw 122 and the adjusting frame 121 are connected by a thread, meaning the adjusting frame 121 has a threaded hole into which the adjusting screw 122 is screwed. When the adjusting screw 122 is rotated manually or by a motor, its rotation is limited and cannot move axially, thus pushing or pulling the adjusting frame 121 to slide linearly along the tube 119. As the adjusting frame 121 moves, its through holes apply a lateral thrust to the nozzles of the nozzles 120 passing through it, thereby causing each nozzle 120 to rotate synchronously around its rotational connection point on the tube 119, achieving overall linkage adjustment of the spray angle of all nozzles 120, allowing for better alignment of the concentrated reaction materials for reaction.

[0044] The waste acid comprehensive utilization device also includes two side plates 123, which are fixed on both sides of the conveyor line 106.

[0045] The presence of the two side plates 123 forms a physical barrier, stably limiting the material within the effective working width of the conveyor line 106, ensuring the orderly connection of each stage of spraying, reaction and conveying.

[0046] The waste acid comprehensive utilization device also includes a scraper 124, which is slidably disposed on the surface of the impurity collection plate 107.

[0047] The scraper 124 is slidably disposed on the surface of the impurity collection plate 107 and can reciprocate along the length of the impurity collection plate 107 to concentrate and push the particles, precipitates or other insoluble impurities that fall off and deposit on the plate surface during the spraying process to the discharge port, and then into the impurity collection box 108 arranged adjacent to it, so as to realize the continuous, efficient and automated removal of impurities.

[0048] The scraper 124 includes a scraper body 125, a support plate 126, a drive gear 127, a rack 128, and a drive motor 129. The support plate 126 is slidably disposed on the impurity collection plate 107. The rack 128 is fixed on the impurity collection plate 107. The drive gear 127 is rotatably disposed on the support plate 126 and meshes with the rack 128. The output end of the drive motor 129 is connected to the drive gear 127. The scraper body 125 is rotatably disposed on the support plate 126 and can rotate in one direction.

[0049] The drive motor 129 can drive the drive gear 127 to rotate, thereby driving the support plate 126 to slide on the impurity collection plate 107 in the opposite direction under the support of the rack 128.

[0050] When moving downwards, the scraper body 125 is supported by the support plate 126 and cannot rotate, thus better scraping impurities into the impurity collection box 108. When the scraper body 125 resets, it can rotate unidirectionally relative to the support plate 126 after contacting impurities, thereby bypassing the impurities and resetting, thus improving the performance.

[0051] The impurity collection box 108 includes a first box body 130, a door panel 131, and a handle 132. The door panel 131 is rotatably connected to the first box body 130 and is located on one side of the first box body 130. The handle 132 is fixed on the door panel 131.

[0052] The first chamber 130 is the main structure of the impurity collection chamber 108. It is typically made of corrosion-resistant, high-strength engineering plastics or stainless steel. It is rectangular or trapezoidal in shape, hollow inside, and used to collect granular or flocculent impurities pushed from the impurity collection plate 107 by the scraper 124. The top of the first chamber 130 is open, facing the outlet of the impurity collection plate 107, allowing impurities to slide directly into the chamber under the push of the scraper 124. Its bottom can be equipped with an inclined guide surface or liquid accumulation holes to separate some of the entrained waste liquid, achieving preliminary solid-liquid separation. The door panel 131 is rotatably connected to one side of the first chamber 130 via a hinge structure, allowing it to open and close freely around the hinge axis. When the device is running, the door panel 131 is closed to prevent impurities from overflowing, dust from spreading, or acid mist from escaping, thus maintaining a clean environment and ensuring operational safety. When impurities accumulate to a certain amount and need to be cleaned, the operator can open the door panel 131 by external force to empty or remove the impurities from the box, achieving a quick emptying operation. The handle 132 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the door panel 131 and typically uses a non-slip, corrosion-resistant plastic or rubber-coated metal rod structure, making it easy for the operator to grip and apply force, thus easily opening and closing the door panel 131.

[0053] The residue collection box 109 includes a second box body 133, a rinsing head 134, and a bottom baffle 135. The second box body 133 is disposed on one side of the conveyor line 106. The rinsing head 134 is used to rinse the conveyor line 106. The bottom baffle 135 is disposed below the conveyor line 106 and is used to scrape off the impurities remaining on the conveyor line 106.

[0054] The second housing 133 is located on one side of the conveyor line 106, typically below the discharge end or bend of the conveyor line 106, and is used to receive reaction residues, incompletely dissolved materials, or clumps of impurities that fall off or are scraped off the conveyor line 106. The second housing 133 is also made of acid and alkali resistant materials, and its volume is rationally designed according to the processing capacity. It is equipped with an observation window or slag discharge port for easy monitoring and regular cleaning.

[0055] The residue collection box 109 also integrates a flushing head 134. This flushing head 134 is fixedly installed above the second box 133 or below the side of the conveyor line 106. Its inlet is connected to an external clean water or reclaimed water supply system via a pipe, and its outlet faces the bottom or return section of the conveyor line 106. During the intervals or continuous operation of the conveyor line 106, the flushing head 134 can spray high-pressure water or atomized water to flush away tiny residues, acid residues, or crystals adhering to the surface of the conveyor belt, preventing long-term accumulation that could cause conveyor belt corrosion, slippage, or contamination of subsequent materials. The flushed wastewater and residue fall together into the lower second box 133, where, after preliminary sedimentation, it can be introduced into a treatment system for recycling or discharge.

[0056] The bottom baffle 135 is positioned below the conveyor line 106, located in the return section or turning area of ​​the conveyor belt. Its upper end is fixed to the equipment support, and its lower end is close to but does not contact the surface of the conveyor belt, forming a physical barrier. When the conveyor belt is running, residue or impurities adhering to its bottom are forcibly scraped off as they pass through the bottom baffle 135 and fall into the second housing 133 below. The bottom baffle 135 is typically made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal or non-metal materials, and its edges are chamfered or flexible, effectively scraping off residues while avoiding damage to the conveyor belt.

[0057] The second embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for comprehensive utilization of waste acid, comprising: S201 placing the reaction raw materials into a reaction raw material storage box 112, starting the conveyor line 106 to transport the reaction raw materials to the area below the spray frame 105; quantitatively feeding the reaction raw materials to be treated (such as metal oxides, materials containing impurities, or other raw materials that can chemically react with waste acid) into the reaction raw material storage box 112 located at the beginning of the conveyor line 106. The reaction raw material storage box 112 has a buffer function, which can realize intermittent or continuous feeding. Subsequently, the conveyor line 106 is started, and the conveyor line 106 runs smoothly under the drive of the motor, transporting the reaction raw materials sequentially to the area directly below the spray frame 105, ready to enter the spray reaction stage. The conveyor line 106 adopts a mesh or perforated structure, which not only ensures stable material transmission, but also facilitates the penetration of liquid generated during the reaction and the falling of precipitates.

[0058] S202 activates the spray pipe 104 to spray waste acid onto the reaction raw materials for reaction; once the reaction raw materials reach the designated treatment area below the spray frame 105, the spray pipe 104 system is activated. Waste acid in the storage tank 102 is transported to the spray frame 105 under pressure via the spray pipe 104 and evenly sprayed onto the surface of the reaction raw materials through multiple adjustable nozzles 120. During the spraying process, the angle, spray intensity, and coverage of the nozzles 120 can be adjusted according to the properties of the raw materials, acid concentration, and reaction requirements to ensure full contact between the waste acid and the raw materials.

[0059] Waste acid (such as solutions containing sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, or mixed acids) reacts chemically with the reactants, for example, dissolving metal oxides to form soluble salts, or reacting with impurities to form precipitates. This process not only reuses the effective acid components in the waste acid but also extracts or transforms valuable components from the raw materials into forms suitable for subsequent processing. The spray reaction is carried out at room temperature or under heating conditions, and the reaction time is preset according to process requirements to ensure complete reaction.

[0060] After the S203 reaction reaches the preset time, the conveyor line 106 is started to move the reaction raw materials, so that the reaction residue enters the impurity collection box 108 under gravity; the reaction precipitate falls through the holes on the conveyor line 106 to the impurity collection plate 107, and enters the impurity collection box 108 for storage under gravity; when the reaction reaches the preset time, the control system automatically issues a command to restart or continue running the conveyor line 106 to transport the material that has completed the reaction forward. During this process, the heavier reaction residues in the material (such as unreacted solid particles, insoluble products, etc.) fall off the material under gravity and fall directly into the residue collection box 109 located below the conveyor line 106, realizing preliminary solid waste separation.

[0061] Meanwhile, fine precipitates generated during the reaction (such as metal hydroxides and sulfate precipitates) pass through the leaks in the conveyor line 106 with the liquid and fall onto the impurity collection plate 107 located below it. The impurity collection plate 107 has an inclined guiding structure, allowing the precipitates to slide along the plate surface under gravity and eventually enter the impurity collection box 108 connected to its side for centralized storage. In addition, the scraper system 124 can operate periodically to scrape off residual precipitates adhering to the surface of the impurity collection plate 107 and push them to the discharge port, preventing blockage and ensuring long-term efficient operation.

[0062] The waste acid after the S204 reaction enters the treatment tank 103 for storage, and is then returned to the storage tank 102 for recycling through the return pipe 110 and the return pump 111.

[0063] After the reaction is complete, the remaining waste acid solution (containing the salts generated in the reaction, unreacted acid, and a small amount of suspended solids) seeps out with the material or drips directly into the treatment tank 103 located at the bottom for temporary storage. The treatment tank 103 can be equipped with a preliminary filtration device or a sedimentation zone to remove large particulate impurities and improve the cleanliness of the returned acid solution.

[0064] The reflux pump 111 is started, and the waste acid in the treatment tank 103 is drawn and transported back to the storage tank 102 through the reflux pipe 110. During the reflux process, filters, membrane separation devices, or concentration equipment can be added as needed to purify or concentrate the waste acid, further improving its reuse value. The acid returned to the storage tank 102 can be mixed with newly added waste acid for the next round of spray reaction, thus forming a closed-loop circulation system, significantly reducing the consumption of fresh acid and the amount of waste acid discharged.

[0065] The above description discloses only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A waste acid comprehensive utilization device, comprising a base, a storage tank, and a processing box, wherein the base is fixedly connected to the processing box and located at the bottom of the processing box, and the storage tank is disposed above the processing box, characterized in that, It also includes a spray pipe, a spray frame, a conveyor line, an impurity collection plate, an impurity collection box, a residue collection box, a reflux pipe, and a reflux pump. The spray pipe is connected to the storage tank. The spray frame is located below the spray pipe. The conveyor line is rotatably located below the spray frame. A reaction raw material placement box is located at one end of the conveyor line. The impurity collection plate is located below the conveyor line. The impurity collection box is located on one side of the impurity collection plate. The residue collection box is located on one side of the conveyor line. The reflux pipe is connected to the processing box and is connected to the storage tank through the reflux pump.

2. The waste acid comprehensive utilization device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spray frame includes a frame body, two partitions and a first driver. The two partitions are slidably disposed at the inlet and outlet of the frame body, respectively, and the first driver is connected to the two partitions.

3. The waste acid comprehensive utilization device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The spray frame also includes two triangular plates, two guide plates, and two second drivers. The two triangular plates are slidably disposed on both sides of the frame, the two guide plates are fixed on the two triangular plates, and the output ends of the two second drivers are respectively connected to the two triangular plates.

4. The waste acid comprehensive utilization device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The spray pipe includes a pipe body, multiple nozzles, an adjustment frame, and an adjustment screw. The multiple nozzles are rotatably mounted on the pipe body. The adjustment frame has multiple through holes and is slidably mounted on one side of the pipe body. The multiple nozzles pass through the multiple through holes respectively. The adjustment screw is threadedly connected to the adjustment frame.

5. The waste acid comprehensive utilization device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The waste acid comprehensive utilization device also includes two side plates, which are fixed on both sides of the conveyor line.

6. The waste acid comprehensive utilization device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The waste acid comprehensive utilization device also includes a scraper, which is slidably disposed on the surface of the impurity collection plate.

7. The waste acid comprehensive utilization device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The scraper includes a scraper body, a support plate, a drive gear, a rack, and a drive motor. The support plate is slidably disposed on the impurity collection plate, the rack is fixed on the impurity collection plate, the drive gear is rotatably disposed on the support plate and meshes with the rack, the output end of the drive motor is connected to the drive gear, and the scraper body is rotatably disposed on the support plate, and the scraper body can rotate in one direction.

8. The waste acid comprehensive utilization device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The impurity collection box includes a first box body, a door panel, and a handle. The door panel is rotatably connected to the first box body and is located on one side of the first box body. The handle is fixed to the door panel.

9. A waste acid comprehensive utilization device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The residue collection box includes a second box body, a flushing head, and a bottom baffle. The second box body is located on one side of the conveyor line. The flushing head is used to flush the conveyor line. The bottom baffle is located below the conveyor line and is used to scrape off the impurities remaining on the conveyor line.

10. A method for comprehensive utilization of waste acid, employing a waste acid comprehensive utilization device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: Place the reaction raw materials into the reaction raw material storage box, start the conveyor line, and transport the reaction raw materials to the area below the spray frame; The spray pipe is activated to spray waste acid onto the reaction raw materials for reaction. After the reaction reaches the preset time, the conveyor line is activated to move the reaction raw materials, so that the reaction residue enters the impurity collection box under gravity. The reaction precipitate falls through the holes on the conveyor line to the impurity collection plate and enters the impurity collection box for storage under gravity. The waste acid after the reaction enters the treatment tank for storage and is returned to the storage tank for recycling through the return pipe and return pump.

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