Semi-open type air-cooled hydrogen fuel single cell test fixture

Abstract

The invention discloses a semi-open type air-cooled hydrogen fuel single cell test fixture, which comprises a positive electrode end plate and a negative electrode end plate which are respectively positioned on two sides of a CCM, a positive electrode electricity collection plate and a hydrogen flow field plate are sequentially arranged between the positive electrode end plate and the CCM from outside to inside, and a hydrogen flow channel is formed in the surface of one side, close to the CCM, of the hydrogen flow field plate; a negative electrode electricity collecting plate and an air flow field plate are sequentially arranged between the negative electrode end plate and the CCM from outside to inside, an air flow channel is formed in the surface of the side, close to the CCM, of the air flow field plate, and the outlet end of the air flow channel is connected with the atmosphere. Sealing edge protection films are respectively pasted on two sides of the CCM, a square hole is formed in the relative middle of each sealing edge protection film, and diffusion layer carbon paper is arranged in each square hole. According to the invention, aiming at the fact that the hydrogen fuel air-cooled cell stack has an open mode and a closed mode, the cleanliness of introduced air is different, and the influence of air with different cleanliness on the performance of the hydrogen fuel air-cooled cell stack is tested by controlling the air at the air introduction side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy industry technology, specifically to a semi-open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture. Background Technology

[0002] Developing the hydrogen energy industry is an important technological path to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.

[0003] With the rapid development of the low-altitude economy and shared infrastructure (such as shared hydrogen-powered bicycles), hydrogen fuel cell stacks have also made significant progress.

[0004] The biggest advantage of hydrogen fuel cell stacks is their small size and simple structure, which greatly reduces manufacturing costs and makes widespread promotion and application possible.

[0005] Currently, there are two main types of hydrogen fuel cell stacks on the market: open-type and closed-type. Closed-type hydrogen fuel cell stacks control the cleanliness of the air introduced from the air side, but the cost and technical requirements are relatively high. Open-type hydrogen fuel cell stacks, on the other hand, have lower cost and technical requirements, but they rely entirely on the cleanliness of the ambient air to ensure their normal operation, which is subject to significant uncertainty.

[0006] In view of the above, this application designs a semi-open hydrogen fuel air-cooled battery stack test fixture, which simulates and controls the cleanliness of the introduced air to adapt to different test requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention addresses the different cleanliness requirements of air introduced into open and closed hydrogen fuel cell stacks, providing a semi-open hydrogen fuel cell stack test fixture. By controlling the air on the air-introducing side, the impact of air with different cleanliness levels on the performance of the hydrogen fuel cell stack can be tested.

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A semi-open, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture, wherein the single cell includes a CCM, and the test fixture includes a positive terminal plate and a negative terminal plate located on both sides of the CCM, wherein a heating plate is provided on the outer side of the positive terminal plate and the negative terminal plate, and a high-temperature resistant insulating tape is provided on the inner side of the positive terminal plate and the negative terminal plate respectively. A positive electrode power collection plate and a hydrogen flow field plate are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside between the positive electrode plate and the CCM. A hydrogen flow channel is opened on the surface of the hydrogen flow field plate near the CCM. The hydrogen flow channel includes a snake-shaped flow channel located in the middle of the hydrogen flow field plate. A negative electrode power collection plate and an air flow field plate are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside between the negative electrode plate and the CCM. An air flow field plate is provided on the surface of the side of the air flow field plate near the CCM. The air flow field plate includes several parallel DC channels located in the middle of the air flow field plate. The outlet end of the air flow field plate is connected to the atmosphere. At least one layer of sealing edge film is attached to each side of the CCM. A square hole is opened in the middle of the sealing edge film, and a diffusion layer of carbon paper is filled in the square hole. The square hole of the sealing edge film near the hydrogen flow field plate corresponds to the snake-shaped flow channel, and the square hole of the sealing edge film near the air flow field plate corresponds to the parallel direct flow channel.

[0009] Preferably, the positive and negative end plates are provided with a number of corresponding mounting holes, and the test fixture is fixed by bolts and nuts.

[0010] Preferably, the hydrogen flow field plate, air flow field plate, sealing edge membrane and CCM are respectively provided with corresponding positioning holes, and positioning pins are installed in the positioning holes to avoid misalignment during assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrogen flow channel includes, in sequence, a hydrogen flow channel inlet, a hydrogen front flow channel, a serpentine flow channel, a hydrogen rear flow channel, and a hydrogen flow channel outlet; the air flow channel includes, in sequence, an air flow channel inlet, an air front flow channel, a parallel direct flow channel, and an end flow channel opening.

[0012] Preferably, the width and depth of the hydrogen front and rear flow channels are both greater than those of the serpentine flow channel; the width and depth of the openings of the air front and rear flow channels are both greater than those of the parallel direct flow channels. This arrangement reduces resistance and ensures smooth gas flow.

[0013] Preferably, the positive end plate, negative end plate, hydrogen flow field plate and air flow field plate are respectively provided with holes for inserting temperature sensors on their sides.

[0014] Preferably, the hydrogen flow channel inlet, hydrogen flow channel outlet, and air flow channel inlet are each connected to a guide tube positioning pin to ensure unobstructed gas flow while also providing a positioning effect; the positive and negative end plates are each provided with a gas channel, one end of which is connected to the guide tube positioning pin, and the other end is connected to a quick-connect coupling to facilitate rapid connection between hydrogen and air pipelines.

[0015] Preferably, the guide tube positioning pin is fitted with a sealing ring to seal the gap between the end plate and the flow field plate and prevent gas leakage.

[0016] Preferably, the total thickness of the sealing edge protection film is comparable to that of the diffusion layer carbon paper.

[0017] Preferably, the heating plate is connected to a 220V power supply.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are as follows: the invention achieves semi-open air introduction through the unique air channel design of the hydrogen flow field plate and the air flow field plate, and realizes the test of the impact of air with different cleanliness levels on the performance of hydrogen fuel air-cooled battery stacks by controlling the air on the air introduction side. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen flow field plate in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow field plate in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Example: A semi-open, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture, referring to... Figure 1-4 Two heating plates 14 are located at the two outer ends, respectively attached to the positive terminal plate 01 and the negative terminal plate 13. High-temperature resistant insulating tape 02 is attached tightly to the inner surfaces of both end plates. Between the positive terminal plate 01 and the negative terminal plate 13, towards the inside, are the positive electrode sampling plate 04 and the negative electrode sampling plate 11, and further inwards are the hydrogen flow field plate 05 and the air flow field plate 09. In the very center is the CCM06, coated with catalyst, which is the object of the test. Sealing edge films 08 are attached tightly to both sides of the CCM06. The sealing edge film 08 has a square hole in the middle, into which a diffusion layer of carbon paper 16 is installed.

[0025] These components are secured together by bolts 15 and nuts 17. Specifically, the positive and negative terminal plates have eight corresponding mounting holes evenly distributed near their edges, and the bolts 15 are tightened by nuts 17 after passing through the mounting holes.

[0026] The hydrogen flow field plate, air flow field plate, sealing edge membrane and CCM are respectively provided with corresponding positioning holes. Positioning pins 07 are installed in the positioning holes. The positioning pins 07 ensure that the mating positions do not become misaligned during assembly.

[0027] The positive terminal plate 01 and the negative terminal plate 13 each have a deep and small hole 01a and 13a on their sides for inserting a temperature sensor.

[0028] The hydrogen flow field plate 05 has hydrogen flow channels, which are groove-shaped and located on the surface of the hydrogen flow field plate 05 near the CCM06. These channels sequentially include a hydrogen flow channel inlet 05a, a hydrogen front flow channel 05b, a serpentine flow channel 05d, a hydrogen rear flow channel 05f, and a hydrogen flow channel outlet 05g. The serpentine flow channel 05d corresponds to the square hole in the sealing edge membrane 08 and has a continuous S-shaped bend, allowing the hydrogen to contact the CCM06 with the maximum contact area. Hydrogen enters through the hydrogen flow channel inlet 05a, flows forward along the channel, and contacts the CCM06 within the serpentine flow channel 05d in the middle of the flow field, where a reaction occurs. Unreacted hydrogen flows out from the other end. The groove-shaped hydrogen flow channels and the sealing edge membrane 08 form a sealed state, subject to the constraints and adjustments of the testing equipment.

[0029] The hydrogen front flow channel 05b and the hydrogen rear flow channel 05f of the hydrogen flow field plate 05 are deeper and wider than the middle serpentine flow channel 05d, which can reduce resistance and ensure smooth gas flow.

[0030] The hydrogen flow field plate 05 has a deep, small hole 05e on its side for inserting a temperature sensor.

[0031] There are two blind holes 05c on the hydrogen flow field plate 05, which are the positioning holes for the positioning pin 07.

[0032] Airflow channel 09 is provided on the airflow field plate 09. The airflow channel, also in the form of a groove, is located on the surface of the airflow field plate 09 near the CCM06. It includes, in sequence, an airflow channel inlet 09a, a front airflow channel 09b, a parallel direct flow channel 09e, and an end flow channel opening 09f. The parallel direct flow channel 09e consists of seven parallel strip grooves, corresponding to the square holes in the sealing edge membrane 08. Its end is a wide and deep end flow channel opening 09f, which directly connects to the atmosphere. Air enters the airflow channel through the airflow channel inlet 09a, flows forward along the airflow channel, and contacts the CCM06 at the parallel direct flow channel 09e in the middle of the airflow field plate, where a corresponding reaction occurs. Unreacted air then flows out through the end flow channel opening 09f and is released into the atmosphere. The airflow channel and the sealing edge membrane 08 form a sealed state. The air inlet end is constrained and adjusted by the testing equipment, while the end is in an open structure.

[0033] The air front channel 09b and the end channel opening 09f of the air flow field plate 09 are deeper and wider than the parallel direct current channel 09e in the middle, which can reduce resistance and ensure smooth gas flow.

[0034] The side of the airflow plate 09 has a deep and small hole 09d for inserting a temperature sensor.

[0035] There are two blind holes 09c on the airflow plate 09, which are the positioning holes for the positioning pin 07.

[0036] In this embodiment, there are two quick-connect fittings 12 on both sides of the positive terminal plate 01 and one quick-connect fitting 12 on the negative terminal plate 13, facilitating quick connection between hydrogen and air pipelines. Specifically, a guide pipe positioning pin is inserted into the hydrogen flow channel inlet, hydrogen flow channel outlet, and air flow channel inlet, respectively. Gas channels are respectively provided in the positive terminal plate 01 and the negative terminal plate 13. One end of the gas channel is connected to the corresponding quick-connect fitting, and the other end is connected to the corresponding guide pipe positioning pin 10. The guide pipe positioning pin 10 connects to the quick-connect fitting 12 to form an air intake passage, while also preventing assembly misalignment.

[0037] In addition, a sealing ring 03 is fitted on the duct positioning pin 10. During assembly, the sealing ring 03 is clamped between the end plate and the flow field plate to seal the gap between the end plate and the flow field plate and prevent gas leakage.

[0038] In this embodiment, the heating plate 14 is connected to a 220V power supply.

[0039] In the specific implementation of this embodiment: Step 1: Assemble the CCM06 coated with catalyst onto the single-cell test fixture according to the single-cell assembly requirements. Tighten bolt 15 and nut 17. Adjust the tightening torque of nut 17 to achieve the optimal clamping force on the CCM06 and achieve the best fit density.

[0040] To accommodate carbon paper 16 with different thicknesses of diffusion layer, the amount of sealing edge film 08 can be increased or decreased so that the total thickness of the sealing edge film 08 is equivalent to that of the carbon paper 16.

[0041] Step 2: Connect the single battery to the single battery testing equipment.

[0042] The hydrogen inlet connects to one quick-connect connector 12 on the positive terminal plate 01, and the other quick-connect connector 12 connects to the hydrogen outlet. The inlet allows for hydrogen flow control, while the outlet allows for hydrogen pressure control.

[0043] Air is introduced through a quick-connect fitting 12 on the negative terminal plate 13 and exited through opening 09f. The airflow can be controlled at the inlet. The outlet is open.

[0044] To adapt to air in different environments, the air inlet can be supplied with air of different cleanliness levels according to the testing requirements, so as to simulate the impact of different environments on CCM.

[0045] Connect the heating plate 14 to a power source to heat the single battery. Insert the temperature sensors into holes 01a, 13a, 05e, and 09 respectively, and connect them to the testing equipment.

[0046] Connect the power cords on the test equipment to the positive power acquisition board 04 and the negative power acquisition board 11 respectively, according to the positive and negative requirements.

[0047] Step 3: Conduct the test.

[0048] Testing shall be conducted in accordance with national standards or specific requirements.

[0049] To adapt to the impact of varying air cleanliness on CCM performance under different environments, the cleanliness of the incoming air needs to be adjusted, which depends on the actual requirements.

[0050] Air enters through the airflow inlet 09a and exits through the opening 09f at the other end. This end is open, thus simulating the working state of an open-type air-cooled battery stack.

[0051] Hydrogen gas is introduced through a quick-connect fitting 12 on the positive terminal plate 01 and discharged through another quick-connect fitting 12. The hydrogen flow rate is controlled to detect hydrogen consumption at different power levels. The discharge end allows for hydrogen pressure control, meeting the requirements of different back pressure operating conditions.

[0052] By monitoring the temperature of a single battery through four temperature sensors, the heating plate is controlled, thereby achieving overall temperature control of the single battery.

[0053] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-open, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture, wherein the single cell includes a CCM, characterized in that, The test fixture includes a positive terminal plate and a negative terminal plate located on both sides of the CCM. The positive terminal plate and the negative terminal plate are respectively provided with heating plates on their outer sides and high-temperature resistant insulating tape on their inner sides. A positive electrode power collection plate and a hydrogen flow field plate are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside between the positive electrode plate and the CCM. A hydrogen flow channel is opened on the surface of the hydrogen flow field plate near the CCM. The hydrogen flow channel includes a snake-shaped flow channel located in the middle of the hydrogen flow field plate. A negative electrode power collection plate and an air flow field plate are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside between the negative electrode plate and the CCM. An air flow field plate is provided on the surface of the side of the air flow field plate near the CCM. The air flow field plate includes several parallel DC channels located in the middle of the air flow field plate. The outlet end of the air flow field plate is connected to the atmosphere. At least one layer of sealing edge film is attached to each side of the CCM. A square hole is opened in the middle of the sealing edge film, and a diffusion layer of carbon paper is filled in the square hole. The square hole of the sealing edge film near the hydrogen flow field plate corresponds to the snake-shaped flow channel, and the square hole of the sealing edge film near the air flow field plate corresponds to the parallel direct flow channel.

2. The semi-open, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive and negative end plates are provided with a number of corresponding mounting holes, and the test fixture is fixed by bolts and nuts.

3. The semi-open, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen flow field plate, air flow field plate, sealing edge membrane, and CCM are each provided with corresponding positioning holes, and positioning pins are installed in the positioning holes.

4. The semi-open, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen flow channel includes, in sequence, a hydrogen flow channel inlet, a hydrogen front flow channel, a serpentine flow channel, a hydrogen rear flow channel, and a hydrogen flow channel outlet; the air flow channel includes, in sequence, an air flow channel inlet, an air front flow channel, a parallel direct flow channel, and an end flow channel opening.

5. A semi-open, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The width and depth of the hydrogen front-end flow channel and the hydrogen rear-end flow channel are both greater than those of the snake-shaped flow channel; the width and depth of the openings of the air front-end flow channel and the air rear-end flow channel are both greater than those of the parallel direct flow channels.

6. A semi-open, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positive end plate, negative end plate, hydrogen flow field plate, and air flow field plate each have holes on their sides for inserting temperature sensors.

7. A semi-open, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hydrogen flow channel inlet, hydrogen flow channel outlet, and air flow channel inlet are each connected to a guide tube positioning pin; the positive and negative end plates are respectively provided with gas channels, one end of which is connected to the guide tube positioning pin, and the other end is connected to a quick-connect coupling.

8. A semi-open, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture according to claim 7, characterized in that, A sealing ring is fitted onto the positioning pin of the conduit.

9. A semi-open, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total thickness of the sealing edge film is comparable to that of the diffusion layer carbon paper.

10. A semi-open, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell test fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating plate is connected to a 220V power supply.

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