Method for constructing element mechanism and data mapping model of power transmission and transformation equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a power transmission and transformation equipment component mechanism and data mapping model construction method, which comprises the following steps of: 1, establishing a model simplification rule, and simplifying a power transmission and transformation equipment component geometric model; 2, an electrostatic field module, a solid heat transfer module, a solid mechanical module and a physical field coupling module are built based on a finite element analysis platform, and accurate simulation of the multi-physical field coupling process is achieved through parameter setting and data interaction between the modules; step 3, establishing a one-to-one correspondence relationship between simulation data and physical mechanisms by taking the core physical mechanism of the power transmission and transformation equipment element as a link, and forming a structured mechanism-data mapping system; 4, performing mapping verification and iterative optimization to form a closed-loop optimization mechanism; according to the method, calculation precision and analysis efficiency are both considered, a multi-physics field coupling mechanism is integrated, and an accurate power transmission and transformation equipment element mechanism and data mapping model is constructed.

Description

A Method for Constructing Component Mechanism and Data Mapping Model for Power Transmission and Transformation Equipment Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power transmission and transformation technology, and in particular relates to a method for constructing a model of the component mechanism and data mapping of power transmission and transformation equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Power transmission and transformation equipment refers to power facilities used for voltage transformation, receiving and distributing electrical energy, controlling the flow of power, and regulating voltage. It consists of various devices, including transformers, switches, small circuit breakers, and reactive power devices. The main function of power transmission and transformation equipment is to increase the low-voltage current generated by power plants to reduce losses during transmission and to deliver electrical energy to various locations. However, existing technologies have the following shortcomings:

[0003] 1. Existing technologies, when fully reproducing the geometric details of power transmission and transformation equipment components, lead to a significant increase in the difficulty of mesh generation, excessive computational load, and even difficulties in computational convergence, which seriously affects the efficiency of analysis.

[0004] 2. Existing technologies lack scientific simplification basis and blindly delete structural features, which leads to the neglect of key physical mechanisms. This results in a large deviation between simulation results and actual operating conditions, and cannot provide reliable support for equipment performance evaluation.

[0005] 3. Existing simulation technologies mostly focus on single-physics field analysis or simple coupled calculations, lacking in-depth exploration of the intrinsic relationships between multiple physics fields. They fail to establish a clear mapping relationship between physical mechanisms and data space, resulting in unclear physical meaning of simulation data and making it difficult to directly serve practical needs such as equipment fault diagnosis and structural optimization. (Invention Content)

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a mechanism and data mapping model of power transmission and transformation equipment components, so as to balance the calculation accuracy and analysis efficiency, integrate multi-physics coupling mechanism, and construct an accurate mechanism and data mapping model of power transmission and transformation equipment components.

[0007] Technical solution of the present invention:

[0008] A method for constructing a mechanism and data mapping model for power transmission and transformation equipment components, the method comprising:

[0009] Step 1: Establish model simplification rules to simplify the geometric model of power transmission and transformation equipment components;

[0010] Step 2: Based on the finite element analysis platform, build electrostatic field module, solid heat transfer module, solid mechanics module and physical field coupling module. Through parameter setting and data interaction between modules, realize accurate simulation of multi-physics coupling process;

[0011] Step 3: Using the core physical mechanisms of power transmission and transformation equipment components as a link, establish a one-to-one correspondence between simulation data and physical mechanisms to form a structured mechanism-data mapping system;

[0012] Step 4: Perform mapping verification and iterative optimization to form a closed-loop optimization mechanism.

[0013] The model simplification rules include:

[0014] Simplification of surfaces and contact surfaces: It is assumed that the surfaces of each component are smooth and that the assembly contact surfaces between components are free of unevenness, gaps or defects.

[0015] Simplified Functional Auxiliary Structure: For structures that play an auxiliary role in components and have little impact on the core physical process, retain the functional correlation features of fixing the resistor sheet and isolating high temperature, and simplify the complex layer-by-layer wrapping structure.

[0016] Integration of secondary load-bearing components: For secondary components that are less affected by the core load, integrate them into an integral structure to reduce the number of independent components;

[0017] Assembly gap neglect treatment: Considering that the processing error of components in actual production will cause small gaps during assembly, but the impact of such gaps on the overall current conduction, heat transfer and stress distribution is negligible, such small gaps are ignored. It is assumed that the components inside the component are in close contact and there is no residual gas, simplifying the setting of contact boundary conditions.

[0018] The electrostatic field module serves as the core simulation unit for electrophysical processes. The core simulation objective of the module is clearly defined as the electric field distribution and current conduction characteristics under the action of impulse current. The parameter settings include: defining the impulse current application location and grounding location; setting the impulse current waveform according to the actual power grid operating conditions; and inputting the conductivity and relative permittivity of each component to ensure the accuracy of the electric field calculation.

[0019] The solid heat transfer module focuses on the physical processes of heat generation and heat dissipation during the operation of the components. The parameter settings include: clearly defining the type and distribution of heat sources to achieve accurate calculation of temperature field distribution.

[0020] The solid mechanics module addresses the deformation and stress response of components under temperature changes and electric field forces. Parameter settings include: selecting a quasi-static analysis mode to ignore the influence of high-frequency vibrations during equipment operation on the overall deformation, reducing computational load; setting deformation and displacement reference points and constraining the displacement degrees of freedom of these reference points; and inputting the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and thermal expansion coefficient of each component to achieve simulation calculations of the stress and displacement fields.

[0021] Physics field coupling module: Enables data exchange and coupling between different physics fields; sets up cross-field import of temperature parameters, that is, synchronously imports the temperature distribution data calculated by the solid heat transfer module into the electrostatic field module and the solid mechanics module; and fully restores the interaction mechanism of multiple physics fields of electricity, heat and solid through coupling.

[0022] The mechanism-data mapping system includes:

[0023] Electric field mechanism - data mapping: Based on the core mechanism of "current conduction - Joule heating", establish the mapping relationship between the peak value of the impact current, waveform parameters and the current density and electric field intensity distribution data of the resistor, and clarify the distribution law of electric field energy under different current conditions;

[0024] Thermal field mechanism - data mapping: Based on the heat transfer mechanism of "Joule heating - heat conduction - heat convection", a mapping relationship is established between the heating power of the resistance element and the temperature distribution, temperature gradient and heat exchange rate of various parts of the equipment, so as to quantify the dynamic balance process of heating and cooling.

[0025] Force field mechanism - data mapping: Based on the mechanical mechanism of "thermal expansion and contraction - mechanical deformation - stress generation", establish the mapping relationship between temperature change, lateral deformation of resistor sheet and stress distribution and maximum displacement of insulating cylinder, and clarify the mechanical response law of key components;

[0026] Multi-field coupling mechanism - data mapping: Based on the coupling mechanism of "temperature-resistivity-electric field" and "temperature-deformation-stress", a correlation mapping of cross-field data is established to reveal the intrinsic interaction law between multiple physical fields.

[0027] The physical mechanism of power transmission and transformation equipment – ​​data space mapping relationship is as follows:

[0028] ;

[0029] In the formula: ρ is the material density; C p Q is the constant pressure heat capacity; T is the material temperature; Q is the constant pressure heat capacity. ted ε is the heat flux; Q is the heat flux from the heat source; S is the stress; F is the elastic modulus; ε th T is the coefficient of thermal expansion; ref The ambient temperature.

[0030] Methods for mapping verification and iterative optimization include:

[0031] Verification data acquisition: Conduct actual type tests on the target components to obtain measured data of core physical quantities;

[0032] Mapping accuracy verification: Compare the simulated mapping data with the measured data, calculate the deviation value, and require that the mapping deviation of the core physical quantity be ≤5%.

[0033] Iterative optimization: If the deviation exceeds the threshold, backtrack to the corresponding process for adjustment. If the deviation is due to model simplification, optimize the simplification rules and retain key details. If it is due to module parameters, correct material properties or boundary conditions. If it is due to mapping logic, adjust the fitting method until the mapping accuracy meets the requirements.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0035] 1. This invention simplifies rules through geometric models, reducing the number of independent components by more than 40% and the total number of mesh divisions by 35%-50%, avoiding mesh distortion problems caused by structural complexity, and shortening the computation convergence time by 50%-60%, thus significantly improving analysis efficiency while ensuring accuracy.

[0036] 2. This invention fully restores the mechanism of electro-thermal-solid interaction through a multi-physics coupling calculation module, and the simplified model retains the core physical characteristics. The deviation between the simulation results and the experimental data is controlled within ±5%, of which the simulation deviation of the highest temperature of the resistor is ≤3% and the simulation deviation of the maximum stress of the insulating cylinder is ≤4.5%, which is far better than the deviation range of 10%-15% of the traditional simplified model, providing reliable support for equipment performance evaluation.

[0037] 3. This invention establishes a clear physical mechanism-data mapping system, which directly links simulation data with physical mechanisms, eliminating the need for additional mechanism tracing analysis. Compared with traditional methods, this saves a significant amount of data interpretation time and provides real-time data support for fault diagnosis and structural optimization.

[0038] This invention balances computational accuracy and analytical efficiency, integrates multi-physics coupling mechanisms, and constructs a precise model of the mechanism and data mapping of power transmission and transformation equipment components. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the process of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] A method for constructing the mechanism and data mapping of power transmission and transformation equipment components achieves technological breakthroughs through the following objectives:

[0041] Establish scientific rules for simplifying geometric models, reducing model complexity and computational difficulty while fully preserving the core physical functional correlation features;

[0042] Construct a coupled computational system that comprehensively covers multiple physical fields of electricity, heat, and solidity to accurately reproduce the actual physical processes of power transmission and transformation equipment components;

[0043] Establish a clear and traceable physical mechanism-data space mapping relationship to directly link simulation data with core physical mechanisms, thereby improving the practicality and interpretability of simulation results;

[0044] It provides accurate and efficient technical support for the design optimization, operation status assessment, fault early warning and life prediction of power transmission and transformation equipment components.

[0045] The technical solution of this invention, based on the finite element method, achieves accurate and efficient simulation analysis of power transmission and transformation equipment components through a four-step core process: "simplification of geometric models of power transmission and transformation equipment components - construction of multi-physics coupling modules - physical mechanisms - establishment of data space mapping - mapping verification and iterative optimization," as detailed below:

[0046] Step 1: Simplification of geometric models of power transmission and transformation equipment components

[0047] Based on the core principle that finite element computation mesh generation is strongly correlated with component geometry, and adhering to the principle of retaining core functions and ignoring minor details, targeted model simplification rules are formulated to ensure that the simplified model meets computational efficiency requirements without sacrificing the representation accuracy of key physical mechanisms.

[0048] Surface and contact surface simplification: It is assumed that the surfaces of each component are smooth and that the assembly contact surfaces between components are free of unevenness, gaps or defects, so as to avoid mesh distortion and calculation convergence problems caused by surface microstructure, while not affecting core physical processes such as current conduction, heat transfer and stress transfer.

[0049] Simplification of functional auxiliary structures: For structures that play an auxiliary role in components and have little impact on the core physical processes, their core functional characteristics of fixing the resistor sheet and isolating high temperature are retained, while their complex multi-layer wrapping structure is simplified, which reduces the complexity of the model without changing the stress state and heat insulation effect of the resistor sheet.

[0050] Integration of secondary load-bearing components: For secondary components that are less affected by the core load, they are integrated into an integral structure to reduce the number of independent components, avoid the problem of extreme mesh generation caused by excessive differences in component size, and at the same time ensure the calculation accuracy of the core stress on the insulating cylinder.

[0051] Assembly gap neglect treatment: Considering that the processing error of components in actual production will cause small gaps during assembly, but the impact of such gaps on the overall current conduction, heat transfer and stress distribution is negligible, such small gaps are ignored in the modeling. It is assumed that the components inside the component are in close contact and there is no residual gas, simplifying the setting of contact boundary conditions.

[0052] Step 2: Construction of the Multiphysics Coupling Module

[0053] Based on the finite element analysis platform, four types of computational modules were built, including an electrostatic field module, a solid heat transfer module, a solid mechanics module, and a physics coupling module. Through precise parameter settings and data interaction between modules, accurate simulation of multiphysics coupling processes was achieved.

[0054] Electrostatics module: As the core simulation unit for electrophysical processes, the module's core simulation objective is the electric field distribution and current conduction characteristics under the action of impulse current. Parameter settings include: defining the impulse current application location and grounding location; setting the impulse current waveform according to actual power grid conditions; and inputting key electrical parameters such as conductivity and relative permittivity of each component to ensure the accuracy of the electric field calculation.

[0055] Solid heat transfer module: Focuses on the physical processes of heat generation and heat dissipation during component operation. Parameter settings are as follows: Clearly define the type and distribution of heat sources. Taking zinc oxide surge arresters as an example, since Joule heating is the main heat source and the current density of the resistor element is much higher than that of other components, the zinc oxide resistor element column is set as the main heat source, and other components are considered as non-heat source components. According to the equipment operating environment, set the heat exchange method and corresponding heat exchange rate between the surge arrester surface and the outside world. At the same time, input the thermal parameters such as thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and density of each component to achieve accurate calculation of temperature field distribution.

[0056] Solid Mechanics Module: This module addresses the deformation and stress response of components under temperature changes and electric field forces. Parameter settings include: selecting a quasi-static analysis mode to ignore the impact of high-frequency vibrations during equipment operation on overall deformation, significantly reducing computational load; setting deformation and displacement reference points and constraining the displacement degrees of freedom of these reference points; and inputting mechanical parameters such as the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and coefficient of thermal expansion of each component to achieve simulation calculations of stress and displacement fields.

[0057] The physics field coupling module serves as the core hub for multi-physics field correlation, enabling data exchange and coupling between different physics fields. A key feature is the cross-field import of temperature parameters, which involves synchronously importing the temperature distribution data calculated by the solid heat transfer module into the electrostatic field module and the solid mechanics module. In the electric field, temperature changes affect the resistivity of components, thereby altering the electric field distribution and current conduction characteristics. In the mechanical field, temperature changes trigger thermal expansion and contraction of components, which, together with the lateral deformation of the resistive element, act on the insulating cylinder, generating composite stress. Through this coupling setting, the interaction mechanism of the electro-thermal-solid multi-physics fields is fully reconstructed.

[0058] Step 3: Physical Mechanism – Establishment of Data Spatial Mapping

[0059] Using the core physical mechanisms of power transmission and transformation equipment components as a link, a one-to-one correspondence between simulation data and physical mechanisms is established, forming a structured mechanism-data mapping system, specifically including:

[0060] Electric field mechanism - data mapping: Based on the core mechanism of "current conduction - Joule heating", establish the mapping relationship between the peak value of the impact current, waveform parameters and the current density and electric field intensity distribution data of the resistor, and clarify the distribution law of electric field energy under different current conditions;

[0061] Thermal field mechanism - data mapping: Based on the heat transfer mechanism of "Joule heating - heat conduction - heat convection", a mapping relationship is established between the heating power of the resistance element and the temperature distribution, temperature gradient and heat exchange rate of various parts of the equipment, so as to quantify the dynamic balance process of heating and cooling.

[0062] Force field mechanism - data mapping: Based on the mechanical mechanism of "thermal expansion and contraction - mechanical deformation - stress generation", establish the mapping relationship between temperature change, lateral deformation of resistor sheet and stress distribution and maximum displacement of insulating cylinder, and clarify the mechanical response law of key components;

[0063] Multi-field coupling mechanism - data mapping: Based on the coupling mechanism of "temperature-resistivity-electric field" and "temperature-deformation-stress", cross-field data correlation mapping is established, such as the coupling mapping between temperature data and electric field distribution data, and the coupling mapping between temperature data and stress data, revealing the intrinsic interaction law between multiple physical fields.

[0064] The physical mechanism of power transmission and transformation equipment – ​​data space mapping is established as follows:

[0065] ;

[0066] In the formula: T is the material temperature; Q ted ε is the heat flux; Q is the heat flux from the heat source; S is the stress, ∇S is the divergence of the stress tensor S; v is the velocity; F is the elastic modulus; ε th T is the coefficient of thermal expansion; ref The ambient temperature; Let J be the divergence of the current density J (which describes the conservation of current flux). Current density (current per unit area, mainly the current distribution within the valve plates and insulating components of a surge arrester); This is the volume current source density (current sources per unit volume, which is usually 0 in the surge arrester model unless additional current sources such as internal partial discharge are considered). E is the electrical conductivity of the material (describing the material's ability to conduct current; the change in conductivity of the surge arrester varistor with voltage / temperature is a core characteristic); E is the electric field intensity vector (the electric field distribution inside the surge arrester, which determines its voltage withstand capability); and D is the electric displacement vector (D=εE, where ε is the dielectric constant, describing the polarization characteristics of the material). The displacement current density (current induced by a time-varying electric field, which cannot be ignored under high-frequency / impact conditions); J e ρ represents the additional current density; ρ represents the material density (density of different components such as surge arrester varistors, silicone rubber, and fittings); C p1 is the isobaric heat capacity (the amount of heat required to raise the temperature by 1 K per unit mass of material, determining the material's heat storage capacity); u is the velocity vector (the fluid velocity for heat convection, corresponding to the air velocity for natural convection heat dissipation in surge arresters); K is the thermal conductivity (the material's ability to conduct heat; the thermal conductivity of valve plates / fittings is much higher than that of silicone rubber); ∇K∇T is the heat conduction term (describing the spatial diffusion of heat); t is the measurement time. ν is the coefficient of thermal expansion, and ∇v is the gradient of electric potential.

[0067] Step 4: Mapping Verification and Iterative Optimization

[0068] A closed-loop optimization mechanism is formed to ensure that the constructed mapping relationship is accurate and reliable:

[0069] Verification data acquisition: Conduct actual type tests on the target components, such as impulse current withstand test, temperature rise test, and mechanical strength test, to obtain measured data of key physical quantities, such as the maximum temperature of the resistor element and the maximum stress of the insulating cylinder;

[0070] Mapping accuracy verification: Compare the simulated mapping data with the measured data and calculate the deviation value. The mapping deviation of the core physical quantities should be ≤5%. The core physical quantities include temperature, stress, and electric field strength.

[0071] Iterative optimization: If the deviation exceeds the threshold, backtrack to the corresponding process for adjustment: if the deviation is due to model simplification, optimize the simplification rules and retain key details; if it is due to module parameters, correct material properties or boundary conditions; if it is due to mapping logic, adjust the fitting method until the mapping accuracy meets the requirements.

[0072] Taking a 110kV zinc oxide surge arrester as a specific implementation object, and combining the finite element analysis software ANSYS, the implementation steps of this invention are explained in detail:

[0073] Step 1: Simplification of geometric models of power transmission and transformation equipment components

[0074] A simplified geometric model of the zinc oxide surge arrester was constructed using the 3D modeling software SolidWorks. The specific steps are as follows:

[0075] The standard structural parameters of the 110kV zinc oxide surge arrester are selected, including core parameters such as the diameter and length of the resistor column, the thickness and height of the insulating cylinder, and the dimensions of the metal top cover and base;

[0076] According to the simplification rules, the heat insulation film on the outer layer of the resistor column is simplified to a uniform wrapping layer, retaining the characteristics of its thickness and heat insulation function, and ignoring the details of the multi-layer composite structure.

[0077] The metal top cover, fixing screws, gaskets and other components are integrated into a single metal upper structure, and the metal base and grounding terminal are integrated into a single metal lower structure to ensure that the stress boundary conditions at the upper and lower ends of the insulating cylinder are consistent with the actual conditions.

[0078] Ignoring minute gaps of less than 0.1mm that occur during the assembly of each component, the contact surfaces of each component are designed to fit tightly together to ensure the effective transfer of current, heat and stress;

[0079] The model is surface-smoothed to eliminate microscopic defects such as sharp angles and burrs, thus avoiding distortion during mesh generation.

[0080] Step 2: Multiphysics Module Setup and Coupling

[0081] Import the simplified geometric model into ANSYS Workbench, and build the electrostatic field, solid heat transfer, and solid mechanics modules in sequence. Then, use the coupling module to realize the multi-field correlation:

[0082] Electrostatic field module:

[0083] The material properties are as follows: the conductivity of the resistor element is set to 100 S / m, and the relative permittivity is 1000; the conductivity of the insulating cylinder is set to 1e-12 S / m, and the relative permittivity is 5; the conductivity of the metal parts is set to 5e7 S / m.

[0084] Boundary conditions are set as follows: the upper metal structure is the impulse current application terminal, and a standard lightning impulse current waveform of 1.2 / 50μs with a peak value of 20kA is applied; the lower metal structure is the grounding terminal, and the potential is set to 0V.

[0085] Mesh generation: Tetrahedral meshes are used to refine the mesh at the contact surface between the resistor column and the insulating cylinder, with the mesh size controlled within 2mm and the mesh size in other areas controlled within 5mm, to ensure the calculation accuracy of key areas of electric field distribution.

[0086] Solid heat transfer module:

[0087] The thermal properties of the materials are as follows: the thermal conductivity of the resistance element is 30 W / (mK), the specific heat capacity is 800 J / (kgK), and the density is 6000 kg / m³; the thermal conductivity of the insulating cylinder is 1.5 W / (mK), the specific heat capacity is 1200 J / (kgK), and the density is 2500 kg / m³; the thermal conductivity of the metal parts is 400 W / (mK), the specific heat capacity is 450 J / (kgK), and the density is 7850 kg / m³.

[0088] Setting up heat source and thermal boundary: The Joule heat power calculated by the electrostatic field module is used as a volume heat source and applied to the resistance column; the outer surface of the surge arrester is set as a natural convection thermal boundary, the convection heat transfer coefficient is set to 20W / (m²K) according to the outdoor environment, and the ambient temperature is set to 25℃.

[0089] Mesh generation: The mesh topology of the electrostatic field module is used to ensure the mesh consistency between the temperature field and the electric field, thereby improving the accuracy of coupled calculations.

[0090] Solid Mechanics Module:

[0091] The mechanical properties of the materials are as follows: the elastic modulus of the resistor element is 80 GPa, the Poisson's ratio is 0.25, and the coefficient of thermal expansion is 8e-6 / K; the elastic modulus of the insulating cylinder is 30 GPa, the Poisson's ratio is 0.3, and the coefficient of thermal expansion is 6e-6 / K; the elastic modulus of the metal parts is 206 GPa, the Poisson's ratio is 0.3, and the coefficient of thermal expansion is 11.5e-6 / K.

[0092] Set constraints and loads: Set the lower metal base as a fixed constraint; apply the temperature distribution calculated by the solid heat transfer module as a temperature load to the entire model;

[0093] Solution settings: Select the quasi-static solver, ignore vibration effects, and set the convergence criterion to displacement convergence accuracy of 1e-4mm.

[0094] Multi-field coupling settings: Through the DataTransfer function of ANSYS Workbench, Joule heating data is transferred from the electrostatic field module to the solid heat transfer module, and temperature data is transferred from the solid heat transfer module to the electrostatic field module and the solid mechanics module, ensuring real-time coupling of multiple physics fields.

[0095] Step 3: Mechanism – Data Mapping Construction and Validation

[0096] Mapping relationship construction: Based on simulation calculation results, key data are extracted and mapping relationships are established.

[0097] Electric field mechanism - data mapping: Establish a table showing the correspondence between peak impact current, such as 10kA, 20kA, and 30kA, and the maximum current density of the resistive column and the maximum electric field strength of the insulating cylinder;

[0098] Thermal field mechanism - data mapping: Establish a table showing the correspondence between the Joule thermal power of the resistor, such as 100W, 200W, and 300W, and the maximum temperature of the resistor, the temperature gradient of the insulating cylinder, and the surface heat exchange rate.

[0099] Force field mechanism - data mapping: Establish a table showing the correspondence between the temperature rise of the resistance column, such as 50℃, 100℃, and 150℃, and the maximum principal stress and maximum radial displacement of the insulating cylinder.

[0100] Multi-field coupling mapping: Establish a three-dimensional correlation mapping model between the temperature value of the insulating cylinder and the maximum electric field strength and the maximum principal stress.

[0101] Step 4: Mapping Verification and Iterative Optimization

[0102] Verification data acquisition: Taking a 110kV zinc oxide surge arrester as an example: Under an impulse current of 20kA, the highest temperature of the resistor element was detected to be 112℃, and the maximum stress of the insulation cylinder was 15.7MPa.

[0103] Mapping accuracy verification: The temperature of the resistor element is 110℃, and the calculated deviation value is 1.8%; the stress of the insulating cylinder is 15MPa, and the calculated deviation value is 4.5%, both of which meet the accuracy requirement of less than 5%.

[0104] In summary, since the deviation value is less than the threshold, the mapping relationship does not require iterative optimization and is fixed in effect.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a component mechanism and data mapping model for power transmission and transformation equipment, characterized in that: The method includes: Step 1, establishing model simplification rules to simplify the geometric model of power transmission and transformation equipment components; Step 2, building an electrostatic field module, a solid heat transfer module, a solid mechanics module, and a physical field coupling module based on a finite element analysis platform, and achieving accurate simulation of the multi-physics coupling process through parameter settings and data interaction between modules; Step 3, establishing a one-to-one correspondence between simulation data and physical mechanisms based on the core physical mechanisms of power transmission and transformation equipment components, forming a structured mechanism-data mapping system; Step 4, performing mapping verification and iterative optimization to form a closed-loop optimization mechanism.

2. The method for constructing a component mechanism and data mapping model for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model simplification rules include: Surface and contact surface simplification: It is assumed that the surfaces of each component are smooth and that there are no unevenness, gaps, or defects in the assembly contact surfaces between components; Functional auxiliary structure simplification: For structures in components that play an auxiliary role and have little impact on the core physical process, the functional correlation characteristics of fixing the resistor sheet and isolating high temperature are retained, and the complex layer-by-layer wrapping structure is simplified; Integration of secondary load-bearing components: For secondary components that are less affected by the core load, they are integrated into an integral structure to reduce the number of independent components; Ignoring assembly gaps: Considering that the processing errors of components in actual production may cause small gaps during assembly, but the impact of these gaps on the overall current conduction, heat transfer, and stress distribution is negligible, these small gaps are ignored. It is assumed that the components inside the component are in close contact and there is no residual gas, thus simplifying the setting of contact boundary conditions.

3. The method for constructing a component mechanism and data mapping model for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrostatic field module serves as the core simulation unit for electrophysical processes. The core simulation objective of the module is clearly defined as the electric field distribution and current conduction characteristics under the action of impulse current. The parameter settings include: defining the impulse current application location and grounding location; setting the impulse current waveform according to the actual power grid operating conditions; and inputting the conductivity and relative permittivity of each component to ensure the accuracy of the electric field calculation.

4. The method for constructing a component mechanism and data mapping model for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid heat transfer module focuses on the physical processes of heat generation and heat dissipation during the operation of the components. The parameter settings include: clearly defining the type and distribution of heat sources to achieve accurate calculation of temperature field distribution.

5. The method for constructing a component mechanism and data mapping model for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid mechanics module addresses the deformation and stress response of components under temperature changes and electric field forces. Parameter settings include: selecting a quasi-static analysis mode to ignore the influence of high-frequency vibrations during equipment operation on the overall deformation, reducing computational load; setting deformation and displacement reference points and constraining the displacement degrees of freedom of these reference points; and inputting the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and thermal expansion coefficient of each component to achieve simulation calculations of the stress and displacement fields.

6. The method for constructing a component mechanism and data mapping model for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Physics field coupling module: Enables data exchange and coupling between different physics fields; sets up cross-field import of temperature parameters, that is, synchronously imports the temperature distribution data calculated by the solid heat transfer module into the electrostatic field module and the solid mechanics module; and fully restores the interaction mechanism of multiple physics fields of electricity, heat and solid through coupling.

7. The method for constructing a component mechanism and data mapping model for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanism-data mapping system includes: Electric field mechanism-data mapping: Based on the core mechanism of "current conduction-Joule heating generation", it establishes a mapping relationship between the peak value of the impact current, waveform parameters and the current density and electric field intensity distribution data of the resistor, clarifying the distribution law of electric field energy under different current conditions; Thermal field mechanism-data mapping: Based on the heat transfer mechanism of "Joule heating-heat conduction-heat convection", it establishes a mapping relationship between the heating power of the resistor and the temperature distribution, temperature gradient and heat exchange rate data of various parts of the equipment, quantifying the dynamic balance process of heating and cooling; Force field mechanism-data mapping: Based on the mechanical mechanism of "thermal expansion and contraction-mechanical deformation-stress generation", it establishes a mapping relationship between the temperature change, the lateral deformation of the resistor and the stress distribution and maximum displacement data of the insulating cylinder, clarifying the mechanical response law of key components; Multi-field coupling mechanism-data mapping: Based on the coupling mechanism of "temperature-resistivity-electric field" and "temperature-deformation-stress", it establishes a correlation mapping of cross-field data, revealing the intrinsic interaction law between multiple physical fields.

8. The method for constructing a component mechanism and data mapping model for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The physical mechanism of power transmission and transformation equipment – ​​data space mapping relationship is as follows: In the formula: ρ is the material density; C p Q is the constant pressure heat capacity; T is the material temperature; Q is the constant pressure heat capacity. ted ε is the heat flux; Q is the heat flux from the heat source; S is the stress; F is the elastic modulus; ε th T is the coefficient of thermal expansion; ref The ambient temperature.

9. The method for constructing a component mechanism and data mapping model for power transmission and transformation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methods for mapping verification and iterative optimization include: verification data acquisition: conducting actual type tests on the target component to obtain measured data of core physical quantities; mapping accuracy verification: comparing the simulation mapping data with the measured data, calculating the deviation value, requiring the mapping deviation of core physical quantities to be ≤5%; iterative optimization: if the deviation exceeds the threshold, backtracking to the corresponding process for adjustment; if the deviation originates from model simplification, optimizing the simplification rules while retaining key details; if it originates from module parameters, correcting material properties or boundary conditions; if it originates from mapping logic, adjusting the fitting method until the mapping accuracy meets the requirements.

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