Accounting system for carbon emission of domestic animals in family pasture

Abstract

The invention discloses an accounting system for carbon emission of domestic animals in a family pasture, and relates to the technical field of carbon emission. The invention relates to a household pasture livestock carbon emission accounting system, which comprises a parameter database module, a seasonal feeding day number dynamic calculation module, a daily ration dry matter intake and nutritional ingredient accounting module, an IPCCTier2 execution core emission calculation module, a module for uniformly converting into carbon dioxide equivalent and summarizing, and a batch processing and result output module. The precision of micro-scale accounting is fundamentally improved, fine distinguishing and dynamic accounting of seasonal feeding modes and different livestock life stages are achieved by introducing localized parameters, the deviation of a traditional Tier 1 method is overcome, the standardization and efficiency of scientific research are enhanced through the model, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. An input and output interface and an end-to-end automatic calculation chain eliminate ambiguity possibly generated when researchers interpret and splice complex formulas by themselves, and the comparability between different research results is guaranteed.

Description

A system for calculating carbon emissions from livestock on a family farm Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon emission technology, and more specifically to an accounting system for carbon emissions from livestock on family farms. Background Technology

[0002] The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories is currently the gold standard for carbon emissions accounting. These guidelines provide Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 methodologies for carbon emissions accounting. However, when this authoritative system is applied to microscale research on carbon emissions from family farms, existing technologies exhibit significant limitations and gaps.

[0003] Specifically, the IPCCTier1 method only provides a simplified calculation based on a fixed emission factor, which can be essentially summarized as "livestock quantity × carbon emission factor". While this method ensures the consistency and comparability of data at the global and national levels, it is too coarse and cannot reflect the carbon emissions of family farms in different regions, with different management models, different livestock breeds, different feeds, and different manure treatment methods. This leads to significant biases in the calculation results, making it difficult to support refined scientific research and emission reduction decisions.

[0004] The IPCC guidelines primarily outline the principles of the Tier 2 approach but do not provide a clear, plug-and-play specific computational model or algorithm. This leads to two major challenges for researchers attempting to adopt the Tier 2 approach: first, they need to construct their own complete computational logic, a cumbersome process prone to ambiguity; second, due to the lack of standardized practical pathways, the models constructed by different researchers are poorly comparable, hindering academic exchange and the accumulation of research findings. Currently, there is a lack of work specifically tailored to the family ranch scale, systematically transforming the principles of the IPCC Tier 2 approach into a complete, clear, and operational accounting model.

[0005] In general, both Tier 1 and Tier 2 methods have different shortcomings. The Tier 1 method, in particular, suffers from limitations in its applicability: the IPCTier 1 method is essentially a "black box" model based on global or regional average levels. The fixed emission factors it provides cannot respond to or adapt to key variables such as specific livestock breeds, localized feed nutrient compositions, and diverse manure management practices. When applied to a specific family farm with a unique management model, the method's calculations show a significant systematic bias compared to actual emissions. This results in low reliability at the microscale, providing only a rough estimate of orders of magnitude, and failing to meet the needs of refined academic research such as precise source tracing and evaluation of the effectiveness of emission reduction measures.

[0006] The ambiguity and non-standardization of the Tier 2 method implementation path: Although the IPCCTier2 method emphasizes localized parameters to improve computational accuracy, its guidelines only provide principles and lack a clear, unified standard for algorithm implementation. This "principles without models" situation forces each researcher to start from scratch, interpreting, selecting, and piecing together computational units scattered throughout the guidelines to build a model. This process is not only tedious and highly repetitive, but also introduces significant subjectivity, as different researchers may have different understandings of key implementation details such as the coupling relationships between parameters and the order of computational steps, leading to numerous ambiguities in the computational process. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an accounting system for livestock carbon emissions on family farms, which solves the problems that Tier 1 cannot respond to and adapt to key variables such as specific livestock breeds, localized feed nutrients, and diverse manure management practices, while Tier 2 only provides principles and lacks a clear and unified algorithm implementation standard.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A system for calculating carbon emissions from livestock on a family farm includes a parameter database module, a module for dynamically calculating seasonal feeding days, a module for calculating daily dry matter intake and nutrient composition, a module for performing IPCCTier2 core emission calculations, a module for uniformly converting emissions to carbon dioxide equivalents and summarizing the results, and a module for batch processing and outputting results.

[0010] The modules together constitute a dynamic accounting model. In the dynamic accounting model, the parameter database module serves as the foundation for all calculations, recording the information entered by the module for dynamically calculating the number of seasonal feeding days and the module for calculating the dry matter intake and nutrient composition of the diet. Then, the physical emissions are obtained by executing the IPCCTier2 core emission calculation module. The physical emissions input is uniformly converted into carbon dioxide equivalent and summarized into a standardized carbon dioxide equivalent. The batch processing and result output module coordinates the connection between modules, batch processes information, and outputs results.

[0011] Furthermore, the parameter database module includes an animal parameter database, a feed nutrient composition database, a herder basic information table, and a diet composition table.

[0012] Animal Parameter Library: Defines a complete set of Tier 2 physiological parameters for each type of livestock, including but not limited to: methane conversion factor, maximum methane production potential, nitrogen retention rate, methane conversion factor of the fecal management system, and direct nitrous oxide emission factor;

[0013] Feed nutrient composition library: Defines the nutrient composition parameters for each feed, including dry matter ratio, total energy, crude protein content and digestibility;

[0014] Herdsman Basic Information Form: Used to input basic data for each family ranch, including livestock species, number of adult and young animals, start and end months of summer, and months of birth and sale of young animals;

[0015] Diet composition table: Used to input the diet formula for each ranch in different seasons and for different age groups of livestock, including feed names and daily intake per head.

[0016] Furthermore, the module for dynamically calculating seasonal feeding days automatically calculates the actual number of feeding days for different livestock groups in different seasons based on the monthly data in the herder's basic information table. This process is implemented through a dedicated function, `calculate_season_days`, whose logic is as follows:

[0017] Each month is uniformly considered as 30 days. The start and end months are converted into specific days in the annual sequence. By comparing the start and end dates, the system intelligently handles the seasonal cycle across years, and finally outputs the effective number of feeding days in summer and winter, while ensuring that the total number of days does not exceed the specified total cycle.

[0018] Furthermore, the module for calculating dietary dry matter intake and nutrient composition uses the `calculate_diet_nutrition` function to perform dietary analysis on each season-age group combination determined in the module for dynamically calculating seasonal feeding days, matching the diet with the feed library and calculating weighted nutrient values.

[0019] Matching diets with feed database: Based on the input diet composition table, it is associated with the pre-set feed nutrient composition database to obtain the nutrient composition of each feed.

[0020] Calculate the weighted nutrient value:

[0021] Calculate total dry matter intake: Multiply the daily intake of each type of feed by its dry matter percentage and then sum them up;

[0022] Calculate the weighted average nutrient composition: Using the dry matter intake of each feed as the weight, calculate the weighted average total energy, crude protein, and digestibility of the diet.

[0023] Furthermore, the IPCCTier2 core emissions calculation module executes the received information and uses the calculate_emissions_ipcc_tier2 function to precisely calculate the emissions of the three main greenhouse gases in sequence:

[0024] Intestinal fermentation and methane emissions:

[0025] Total energy intake = number of animals × dry matter intake × weighted total energy of diet × number of feeding days;

[0026] Applying the IPCC formula: Methane emissions = (Total energy intake × Methane conversion factor) / 55.65;

[0027] Fecal management of methane emissions:

[0028] Calculate the amount of volatile solids produced = number of animals × dry matter intake × (1 - digestibility) × number of days of feeding;

[0029] Applying the IPCC formula: Methane emissions = Volatile solids production × Maximum methane production potential × Methane conversion factor × 0.67;

[0030] Direct nitrous oxide emissions from fecal management:

[0031] Nitrogen intake is calculated as follows: number of animals × dry matter intake × (crude protein / 6.25) × number of days of feeding.

[0032] Nitrogen excretion = nitrogen intake × (1 - nitrogen retention rate);

[0033] Applying the IPCC formula: Nitrous oxide emissions = Nitrogen emissions × Emission factor × (44 / 28);

[0034] Furthermore, the module for converting and summarizing emissions into carbon dioxide equivalents uses the `convert_to_co2e` function to standardize the physical emissions calculated by the IPCCTier2 core emissions calculation module into standard carbon dioxide equivalents, in tons.

[0035] The carbon dioxide equivalent of methane = methane emissions × 25 / 1000;

[0036] The carbon dioxide equivalent of nitrous oxide = nitrous oxide emissions × 298 / 1000;

[0037] Finally, the carbon dioxide equivalents of all emission sources from gut fermentation and manure management are summed to obtain the total carbon emissions of the livestock population during the accounting period.

[0038] Furthermore, the batch processing and result output module, through the main function `process_all_households`, coordinates the workflow between the modules of dynamically calculating seasonal feeding days, calculating daily dry matter intake and nutrient composition, executing IPCCTier2 core emission calculations, and uniformly converting to carbon dioxide equivalent and summarizing the data. It batch processes information and outputs results, integrates all results, and finally outputs detailed calculation results, including emissions by source and total sum, as well as key intermediate parameters in the calculation process, as a structured data table for subsequent analysis and reporting.

[0039] Furthermore, the accounting method of the accounting system encapsulates the scattered and principle-based calculation guidelines in the IPCCTier2 method into a standardized calculation process with clear input, processing and output interfaces. At the same time, a dynamic accounting model based on season and livestock age group is created, realizing the integrated accounting and unified conversion of intestinal fermentation CH4, fecal management CH4 and direct fecal management N2O, and has built-in data missing handling logic.

[0040] The standardized calculation process is as follows: A structured, localized parameter database was established, including animal parameters (animal_params) and a feed library (feed_library), systematically organizing the various parameters required by the Tier 2 method.

[0041] A standardized data input interface was defined, transforming complex IPCC parameter requirements into user-enterable structured data.

[0042] It realizes an end-to-end automated calculation chain from diet composition to final CO2 equivalent, eliminating ambiguities and errors that may arise from manually piecing together formulas and passing parameters;

[0043] The dynamic accounting model based on seasons and livestock age groups is as follows:

[0044] The `calculate_season_days` function dynamically calculates the number of feeding days in different seasons, instead of using an annual average.

[0045] The `calculate_diet_nutrition` function is used to calculate the daily dry matter intake (DMI), nutrient composition, GE, CP, and digestibility of adult livestock and young animals in different seasons.

[0046] In the core function of calculate_emissions_ipcc_tier2, differentiated key physiological parameters such as methane conversion factor Ym, maximum methane production potential Bo, and nitrogen retention rate n_retention are configured for adult and young animals, thereby realizing a refined simulation of the pasture production cycle.

[0047] The integrated accounting and unified transformation utilizes the `convert_to_co2e` function, which automatically converts the physical emissions of various greenhouse gases into standardized carbon dioxide equivalents based on the global warming potential defined by the IPCC. Within the emission calculation function, default value calls and intelligent parameter filling logic are configured to ensure stable model operation and output reasonable estimates even with partially missing data. Default value calls and intelligent parameter filling logic can utilize parameters such as `params$ge_default` and default digestibility.

[0048] The dynamic accounting model has modular functions for data reading, preprocessing, core calculation, result verification and export. The parameter database module, the module for dynamically calculating the number of seasonal feeding days, the module for calculating the dry matter intake and nutrient composition of the diet, the module for performing IPCCTier2 core emission calculation, the module for uniformly converting to carbon dioxide equivalent and summarizing, and the module for batch processing and result output interact with each other through a preset data structure, and work together to complete the automated generation of the final carbon footprint report from the raw data.

[0049] Furthermore, the application of dynamic accounting models as a benchmark tool for micro-scale livestock carbon emission research provides standardized accounting results for the carbon emission intensity of family ranches in specific regions or production models, thereby achieving direct comparability of data between different studies.

[0050] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Firstly, this application fundamentally improves the accuracy of microscale accounting. By introducing localized parameters and innovatively achieving refined differentiation and dynamic accounting of seasonal feeding patterns and different livestock life stages, it effectively overcomes the biases caused by the use of fixed emission factors in traditional Tier 1 methods. Secondly, this model greatly enhances the standardization and efficiency of scientific research. Its clear input / output interface and end-to-end automated calculation chain not only eliminate ambiguities that researchers may encounter when interpreting and piecing together complex formulas, ensuring the comparability of different research results, but also liberates researchers from tedious manual calculations, significantly improving work efficiency.

[0051] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the shown orientation or positional relationships and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0055] A preferred embodiment of this application illustrates a livestock carbon emission accounting system for family farms, comprising a parameter database module, a module for dynamically calculating seasonal feeding days, a module for calculating daily dry matter intake and nutrient composition, a module for performing IPCCTier2 core emission calculations, a module for uniformly converting to carbon dioxide equivalent and summarizing the results, and a batch processing and result output module.

[0056] The modules together constitute a dynamic accounting model. In the dynamic accounting model, the parameter database module serves as the foundation for all calculations, recording the information entered by the module for dynamically calculating the number of seasonal feeding days and the module for calculating the dry matter intake and nutrient composition of the diet. Then, the physical emissions are obtained by executing the IPCCTier2 core emission calculation module. The physical emissions input is uniformly converted into carbon dioxide equivalent and summarized into a standardized carbon dioxide equivalent. The batch processing and result output module coordinates the connection between modules, batch processes information, and outputs results.

[0057] The parameter database module includes an animal parameter database, a feed nutrient composition database, a herder basic information table, and a diet composition table.

[0058] Animal Parameter Library: Defines a complete set of Tier 2 physiological parameters for each type of livestock, including but not limited to: methane conversion factor, maximum methane production potential, nitrogen retention rate, methane conversion factor of the fecal management system, and direct nitrous oxide emission factor;

[0059] Feed nutrient composition library: Defines the nutrient composition parameters for each feed, including dry matter ratio, total energy, crude protein content and digestibility;

[0060] Herdsman Basic Information Form: Used to input basic data for each family ranch, including livestock species, number of adult and young animals, start and end months of summer, and months of birth and sale of young animals;

[0061] Diet composition table: Used to input the diet formula for each ranch in different seasons and for different age groups of livestock, including feed names and daily intake per head.

[0062] The module for dynamically calculating seasonal feeding days automatically calculates the actual number of feeding days for different livestock groups in different seasons based on the monthly data in the herder's basic information table. This process is implemented through a dedicated function, `calculate_season_days`, whose logic is as follows:

[0063] Each month is uniformly considered as 30 days. The start and end months are converted into specific days in the annual sequence. By comparing the start and end dates, the system intelligently handles the seasonal cycle across years, and finally outputs the effective number of feeding days in summer and winter, while ensuring that the total number of days does not exceed the specified total cycle.

[0064] The module for calculating dietary dry matter intake and nutrient composition uses the `calculate_diet_nutrition` function to perform dietary analysis on each season-age group combination determined in the second step.

[0065] Matching diets with feed database: Based on the input diet composition table, it is associated with the pre-set feed nutrient composition database to obtain the nutrient composition of each feed.

[0066] Calculate the weighted nutrient value:

[0067] Calculate total dry matter intake: Multiply the daily intake of each type of feed by its dry matter percentage and then sum them up;

[0068] Calculate the weighted average nutrient composition: Using the dry matter intake of each feed as the weight, calculate the weighted average total energy, crude protein, and digestibility of the diet.

[0069] The IPCCTier2 core emissions calculation module uses the received information and the calculate_emissions_ipcc_tier2 function to calculate the emissions of the three main greenhouse gases in sequence:

[0070] Intestinal fermentation and methane emissions:

[0071] Total energy intake = number of animals × dry matter intake × weighted total energy of diet × number of feeding days;

[0072] Applying the IPCC formula: Methane emissions = (Total energy intake × Methane conversion factor) / 55.65;

[0073] Fecal management of methane emissions:

[0074] Calculate the amount of volatile solids produced = number of animals × dry matter intake × (1 - digestibility) × number of days of feeding;

[0075] Applying the IPCC formula: Methane emissions = Volatile solids production × Maximum methane production potential × Methane conversion factor × 0.67;

[0076] Direct nitrous oxide emissions from fecal management:

[0077] Nitrogen intake is calculated as follows: number of animals × dry matter intake × (crude protein / 6.25) × number of days of feeding.

[0078] Nitrogen excretion = nitrogen intake × (1 - nitrogen retention rate);

[0079] Applying the IPCC formula: Nitrous oxide emissions = Nitrogen emissions × Emission factor × (44 / 28);

[0080] The module that converts emissions to carbon dioxide equivalent and aggregates them uses the `convert_to_co2e` function to standardize the physical emissions calculated by the IPCCTier2 core emissions calculation module into standard carbon dioxide equivalents, in tons.

[0081] The carbon dioxide equivalent of methane = methane emissions × 25 / 1000;

[0082] The carbon dioxide equivalent of nitrous oxide = nitrous oxide emissions × 298 / 1000;

[0083] Finally, the carbon dioxide equivalents of all emission sources from gut fermentation and manure management are summed to obtain the total carbon emissions of the livestock population during the accounting period.

[0084] The batch processing and result output module, through the main function `process_all_households`, coordinates the workflow between the modules of dynamically calculating seasonal feeding days, calculating daily dry matter intake and nutrient composition, executing IPCCTier2 core emission calculations, and uniformly converting to carbon dioxide equivalent and summarizing the data. It processes information in batches, outputs results, integrates all results, and finally outputs detailed calculation results, including emissions by source and total sum, as well as key intermediate parameters in the calculation process, as a structured data table for subsequent analysis and reporting.

[0085] The accounting system encapsulates the scattered and principle-based calculation guidelines in the IPCCTier2 method into a standardized calculation process with clear input, processing, and output interfaces. At the same time, it creates a dynamic accounting model based on season and livestock age group, realizes integrated accounting and unified conversion of intestinal fermentation CH4, fecal management CH4, and direct fecal management N2O, and has built-in logic for handling missing data.

[0086] The standardized calculation process is as follows: A structured, localized parameter database was established, including animal parameters (animal_params) and a feed library (feed_library), systematically organizing the various parameters required by the Tier 2 method.

[0087] A standardized data input interface was defined, transforming complex IPCC parameter requirements into user-enterable structured data.

[0088] It realizes an end-to-end automated calculation chain from diet composition to final CO2 equivalent, eliminating ambiguities and errors that may arise from manually piecing together formulas and passing parameters;

[0089] The dynamic accounting model based on seasons and livestock age groups is as follows:

[0090] The `calculate_season_days` function dynamically calculates the number of feeding days in different seasons, instead of using an annual average.

[0091] The `calculate_diet_nutrition` function is used to calculate the daily dry matter intake (DMI), nutrient composition, GE, CP, and digestibility of adult livestock and young animals in different seasons.

[0092] In the core function of calculate_emissions_ipcc_tier2, differentiated key physiological parameters such as methane conversion factor Ym, maximum methane production potential Bo, and nitrogen retention rate n_retention are configured for adult and young animals, thereby realizing a refined simulation of the pasture production cycle.

[0093] The integrated accounting and unified transformation utilizes the `convert_to_co2e` function, which automatically converts the physical emissions of various greenhouse gases into standardized carbon dioxide equivalents based on the global warming potential defined by the IPCC. Within the emission calculation function, default value calls and intelligent parameter filling logic are configured to ensure stable model operation and output reasonable estimates even with partially missing data. Default value calls and intelligent parameter filling logic can utilize parameters such as `params$ge_default` and default digestibility.

[0094] The dynamic accounting model has modular functions for data reading, preprocessing, core calculation, result verification and export. The parameter database module, the module for dynamically calculating the number of seasonal feeding days, the module for calculating the dry matter intake and nutrient composition of the diet, the module for performing IPCCTier2 core emission calculation, the module for uniformly converting to carbon dioxide equivalent and summarizing, and the module for batch processing and result output interact with each other through a preset data structure, and work together to complete the automated generation of the final carbon footprint report from the raw data.

[0095] The application of dynamic accounting models as a benchmark tool for micro-scale livestock carbon emission research provides standardized accounting results for the carbon emission intensity of family ranches in specific regions or production models, thereby achieving direct comparability of data between different studies.

[0096] In summary, this invention provides an accounting system for livestock carbon emissions on family farms. This system fundamentally improves the accuracy of micro-scale accounting by introducing localized parameters and innovatively achieving refined differentiation and dynamic accounting for seasonal feeding patterns and different livestock life stages, effectively overcoming the biases caused by the use of fixed emission factors in traditional Tier 1 methods. Secondly, this model greatly enhances the standardization and efficiency of scientific research. Its clear input / output interface and end-to-end automated calculation chain not only eliminates ambiguities that researchers may encounter when interpreting and piecing together complex formulas, ensuring the comparability of different research results, but also liberates researchers from tedious manual calculations, significantly improving work efficiency.

[0097] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0098] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A system for calculating carbon emissions from livestock on a family farm, characterized in that, The system includes a parameter database module, a module for dynamically calculating seasonal feeding days, a module for calculating dietary dry matter intake and nutrient composition, a module for executing IPCCTier2 core emission calculations, a module for converting and summarizing emissions to carbon dioxide equivalents, and a batch processing and result output module. These modules together constitute a dynamic accounting model. In the dynamic accounting model, the parameter database module serves as the foundation for all calculations, recording the information entered by the modules for dynamically calculating seasonal feeding days and calculating dietary dry matter intake and nutrient composition. Then, the physical emissions are obtained by executing the IPCCTier2 core emission calculation module. The physical emissions are then converted and summarized into standard carbon dioxide equivalents by the module. The batch processing and result output module coordinates the workflow between modules, batch processes information, and outputs results.

2. The accounting system for livestock carbon emissions from a family farm as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The parameter database module includes an animal parameter library, a feed nutrient composition library, a herder basic information table, and a diet composition table. The animal parameter library defines a complete set of Tier 2 physiological parameters for each type of livestock, including but not limited to: methane conversion factor, maximum methane production potential, nitrogen retention rate, methane conversion factor from the manure management system, and direct nitrous oxide emission factor. The feed nutrient composition library defines the nutrient composition parameters for each feed, including dry matter ratio, total energy, crude protein content, and digestibility. The herder basic information table is used to input basic data for each family farm, including livestock species, number of adult and young animals, start and end months of summer, and birth and sale months of young animals. The diet composition table is used to input the diet formula for each farm in different seasons and for different age groups of livestock, including feed name and daily intake per head.

3. The accounting system for livestock carbon emissions from a family farm as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The module for dynamically calculating seasonal feeding days automatically calculates the actual number of feeding days for different livestock groups in different seasons based on the monthly data in the herder's basic information table. This process is implemented through a dedicated function, `calculate_season_days`, whose logic is as follows: each month is uniformly considered as 30 days, the start and end months are converted into specific days in the annual sequence, the seasonal cycle across years is intelligently handled by comparing the start and end dates, and finally the effective feeding days for summer and winter are output, ensuring that the total number of days does not exceed the specified total cycle.

4. The accounting system for livestock carbon emissions from a family farm as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The module for calculating dietary dry matter intake and nutrient composition uses the `calculate_diet_nutrition` function to perform dietary analysis on each season-age group combination determined in the module for dynamically calculating seasonal feeding days. This involves matching the diet to the feed library and calculating weighted nutrient values: Matching the diet to the feed library: Based on the input diet composition table, it associates with a pre-set feed nutrient composition library to obtain the nutrient composition of each feed; Calculating weighted nutrient values: It calculates the total dry matter intake by multiplying the daily intake of each feed by its dry matter percentage and then summing the results; Calculating the weighted average nutrient composition: Using the dry matter intake of each feed as the weight, it calculates the weighted average total energy, crude protein, and digestibility of the diet.

5. The accounting system for livestock carbon emissions from a family farm as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The IPCCTier2 core emissions calculation module uses the `calculate_emissions_ipcc_tier2` function to precisely calculate the emissions of three major greenhouse gases in sequence: Methane emissions from gut fermentation: Calculate gross energy intake = number of animals × dry matter intake × dietary weighted gross energy × number of feeding days; Apply the IPCC formula: Methane emissions = (gross energy intake × methane conversion factor) / 55.65; Methane emissions from fecal management: Calculate volatile solids production. =Number of animals × Dry matter intake × (1 - Digestibility) × Number of days of feeding; Applying the IPCC formula: Methane emissions = Volatile solids production × Maximum methane production potential × Methane conversion factor × 0.67; Direct nitrous oxide emissions from manure management: Calculate nitrogen intake = Number of animals × Dry matter intake × (Crude protein / 6.25) × Number of days of feeding; Calculate nitrogen excretion = Nitrogen intake × (1 - Nitrogen retention rate); Applying the IPCC formula: Nitrous oxide emissions = Nitrogen excretion × Emission factor × (44 / 28).

6. The accounting system for livestock carbon emissions on a family farm as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The module that converts emissions to carbon dioxide equivalent and aggregates them uses the `convert_to_co2e` function to standardize the physical emissions calculated by the IPCCTier2 core emissions calculation module into carbon dioxide equivalents, in tons: carbon dioxide equivalent of methane = methane emissions × 25 / 1000; carbon dioxide equivalent of nitrous oxide = nitrous oxide emissions × 298 / 1000; and the total carbon emissions of the livestock population during the accounting period are obtained by summing the carbon dioxide equivalents of all emission sources from intestinal fermentation and manure management.

7. The accounting system for livestock carbon emissions from a family farm as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The batch processing and result output module, through the main function `process_all_households`, coordinates the workflow between the modules of dynamically calculating seasonal feeding days, calculating daily dry matter intake and nutrient composition, executing IPCCTier2 core emission calculations, and uniformly converting to carbon dioxide equivalent and summarizing the data. It processes information in batches, outputs results, integrates all results, and finally outputs detailed calculation results, including emissions by source and total sum, as well as key intermediate parameters in the calculation process, as a structured data table for subsequent analysis and reporting.

8. The accounting system for livestock carbon emissions from a family farm as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The accounting system encapsulates the scattered and principle-based calculation guidelines of the IPCCTier2 method into a standardized calculation process with clearly defined input, processing, and output interfaces. It also creates a dynamic accounting model based on season and livestock age groups, achieving integrated accounting and unified conversion of intestinal fermentation CH4, manure management CH4, and direct N2O from manure management, and includes built-in logic for handling missing data. The standardized calculation process involves establishing a structured, localized parameter database, including animal parameters (animal_params) and a feed library (feed_library). This database systematically organizes various parameters required by the Tier2 method, defines standardized data input interfaces, and transforms complex IPCC parameter requirements into user-fillable structured data. This achieves an end-to-end automated calculation chain from diet composition to final CO2 equivalent, eliminating ambiguities and errors that may arise from manually piecing together formulas and passing parameters. The dynamic accounting model based on season and livestock age groups uses the `calculate_season_days` function to dynamically calculate the number of feeding days in different seasons, instead of using an annual average, and uses the `calculate_diet_nutr` function. The `ition` function calculates the dry matter intake and nutrient composition of adult and young livestock in different seasons. The `calculate_emissions_ipcc_tier2` core function configures differentiated key physiological parameters for adult and young livestock, enabling refined simulation of the pasture production cycle. The `convert_to_co2e` function is used for integrated calculation and unified conversion. Based on the global warming potential defined by the IPCC, it automatically converts the physical emissions of various greenhouse gases into standardized carbon dioxide equivalents. The emission calculation function includes default value calls and intelligent filling logic for missing parameters, ensuring stable model operation and outputting reasonable estimates even with partial data loss. The dynamic calculation model has modular functions for data reading, preprocessing, core calculation, result verification, and export. The parameter database module, the dynamic calculation module for seasonal feeding days, the module for calculating dry matter intake and nutrient composition, the module for executing the IPCCTier2 core emission calculation, the module for unified conversion to carbon dioxide equivalent and aggregation, and the batch processing and result output module interact through a preset data structure, collaboratively completing the automated generation of the final carbon footprint report from raw data.

9. The accounting system for livestock carbon emissions from a family farm as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The application of dynamic accounting models as a benchmark tool for micro-scale livestock carbon emission research provides standardized accounting results for the carbon emission intensity of family ranches in specific regions or production models, thereby achieving direct comparability of data between different studies.