Railway four-power digital engineering space topology geometry detection method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a railway four-power digital engineering spatial topology geometry detection method and system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining railway four-power digital engineering multi-source spatial data and a model, carrying out the graph-model separation and preprocessing, and unifying the data to a same coordinate system; constructing a three-dimensional model comprising a line, a structure and four-electric equipment on a BIM or GIS platform; establishing connectivity and inclusion topological relations among components including points, lines, surfaces, bodies, equipment, cables, bridges and cabinets in the model, and extracting related geometric features; on the basis of the topological relation and the geometrical characteristics, collision, gap and distance detection is automatically executed according to specifications, detection results of problem components and parameters are generated, and highlighted display and report output are carried out in a three-dimensional visual interface; the corresponding system is composed of a data acquisition and preprocessing module, a three-dimensional model construction module, a spatial topological relation establishment module, a spatial geometric information detection module and a result display module. The automation and precision of spatial geometric detection of railway four-electric digital engineering can be greatly improved.

Description

Spatial Topology Geometric Detection Method and System for Railway Electrification, Electrical, and Electronic Engineering Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of railway engineering digital inspection and spatial information processing technology, specifically relating to a method and system for spatial topological geometry inspection of railway electrical, electronic, and electronic systems. Background Technology

[0002] In railway engineering construction, the four electrical specialties (communication, signaling, power, and electrification) involve a wide variety of equipment with complex layouts and close spatial coupling with civil engineering, track, and electromechanical systems. Traditional electrical construction design mainly relies on two-dimensional drawings and manual review, making it difficult to accurately reflect the spatial positions, distances, gaps, and collision relationships between equipment. Although BIM and GIS 3D modeling technologies have been introduced after railway engineering entered the digital design stage, the large differences in multi-source spatial data formats, inconsistent coordinate systems, and lack of topological logical constraints between models make it difficult to automate and standardize the detection and spatial verification of geometric relationships between components.

[0003] In the construction and operation of railway electrical engineering, the spatial geometric relationships of components such as cabinets, cable trays, cables, and equipment spacing directly affect equipment installation quality, safety distances, fire prevention, and heat dissipation. Accurate spatial geometric information detection is a crucial foundation for ensuring project quality and operational safety. Traditional methods rely primarily on manual on-site measurements and verification using two-dimensional drawings, which suffers from problems such as high workload, low efficiency, strong dependence on personnel experience, and difficulty in intuitively reflecting complex three-dimensional spatial relationships. While the application of laser scanning and UAV aerial surveying has made acquiring high-precision three-dimensional data relatively mature, organizing and managing multi-source heterogeneous data within a unified coordinate system and accurately expressing and analyzing the spatial layout and geometric relationships between components in a three-dimensional model remains a challenge in engineering practice.

[0004] In existing technologies, BIM (Building Information Modeling) and GIS (Geographic Information System) have been applied in the digital construction of railway electrical engineering, but their application is mostly limited to model display and partial professional verification. There is a lack of a unified modeling and management mechanism for the spatial topological relationships between various model components in railway electrical engineering, and a lack of automated spatial geometric information detection processes oriented towards engineering specifications. In complex station, section, or equipment room scenarios, existing methods struggle to promptly detect issues such as component collisions, insufficient clearances, and distance non-compliance with clearance limits. The standardization and automation level of spatial geometric detection need improvement. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a method and system for detecting spatial geometric information in railway electrical engineering that combines 3D models and spatial topological relationships, in the field of railway electrical engineering digital engineering detection technology, to improve the accuracy, efficiency, and reusability of spatial geometric information detection on a unified digital engineering platform. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method and system for spatial topology geometry detection in railway electrical engineering, which solves the problems in the prior art such as the difficulty in unifying the organization of multi-source spatial data of railway electrical systems, the difficulty in accurately expressing the spatial topological relationships between components, and the reliance on manual labor, insufficient automation and standardization in spatial geometry information detection.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: Firstly, the present invention provides a spatial topology geometry detection method for railway electrical, electronic, and communication (Electrical, Electrical, and Communication) digital engineering, comprising: S1, data acquisition and preprocessing: acquiring multi-source spatial data of railway electrical, electronic, and communication digital engineering and the corresponding railway electrical, electronic, and communication digital engineering model; performing model-graph separation on the model; exporting the equipment attribute information in the model to a database; and preprocessing the multi-source spatial data to obtain a spatial dataset under a unified coordinate system; S2, three-dimensional model construction: based on the preprocessed spatial dataset, constructing a three-dimensional geometric model of the railway electrical, electronic, and communication digital engineering in a BIM modeling or GIS platform; and writing the railway alignment, bridge structure, tunnel cross-section, station layout, and the geometric shape and attribute information of the electrical, electronic, and communication equipment into the three-dimensional geometric model; S3, spatial topology detection... System Establishment: Define the spatial topological relationships between relevant components of the railway electrical engineering digital project in the three-dimensional geometric model, obtain the connectivity and inclusion relationships between points, lines, surfaces, and volumes in the model, and extract linear features, surface features, volume features, and angular features from the three-dimensional geometric model to form a spatial geometric feature dataset to be detected; S4, Spatial Geometric Information Detection and Result Display: Based on the spatial topological relationships and spatial geometric feature dataset, according to the spatial geometric information detection standard for railway electrical engineering digital projects, perform collision detection, gap detection, and distance detection on the three-dimensional geometric model, and perform spatial topological analysis to generate detection result data; display the detection result data graphically through a three-dimensional visualization platform, and output the detection results including a highlighted three-dimensional model, two-dimensional analysis diagrams, and tabular reports.

[0007] Furthermore, in S1, performing model-graph separation on the railway electrical engineering digital engineering model includes: according to the railway electrical engineering digital engineering organizational framework, separating the equipment components and their attribute information in the railway electrical engineering digital engineering model from the model and exporting them to a relational database for subsequent spatial topology construction and geometric detection.

[0008] Furthermore, in S1, the preprocessing of multi-source spatial data includes: using a statistical outlier removal algorithm to remove noise and outliers from laser point cloud, UAV imagery and BIM model data, converting various types of data into a unified standard data format, and using a coordinate transformation method to unify the multi-source spatial data to the national geodetic coordinate system.

[0009] Furthermore, in S2, constructing a three-dimensional geometric model of the railway's electrical, electronic, and communication (Electrical, Electrical, and Communication) digital engineering includes: using BIM modeling or a GIS platform to construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the railway alignment, bridge structure, tunnel cross-section, and station building, and setting geometric dimensions, material properties, and identification information for the components of the electrical, electronic, and communication equipment in the model, so that the three-dimensional geometric model has both geometric accuracy and attribute expression capabilities.

[0010] Furthermore, in S3, defining spatial topological relationships includes: defining the boundary relationships of points on surfaces, the boundary relationships of lines on surfaces, and the intersection relationships of lines in the three-dimensional geometric model; determining connectivity relationships based on the spatial positional relationships between components to represent the connection status between cable trays and wiring ducts; and determining inclusion relationships based on the spatial inclusion relationships of components to indicate whether auxiliary equipment is located within the cabinet clearance range.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S4, the spatial geometric relationship detection includes: collision detection, used to identify whether there is spatial conflict between equipment and cables in the cabinet and between different cables; gap detection, used to detect whether the gap between cables in the same cable tray meets the safety standard; and distance detection, used to detect whether the distance between the cabinet and the wall and the distance between adjacent cabinets meet the clearance requirements.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S4, the graphical display of the detection results includes: highlighting the collision area and the over-limit gap through a three-dimensional visualization platform, generating a plan view and cross-sectional analysis diagram of the railway electrical engineering digital project, and outputting a table report showing the comparison relationship between geometric parameters and detection standards. At the same time, an interactive user interface is provided to support the adjustment of detection thresholds, object filtering, and real-time updates of detection results.

[0013] Secondly, this invention provides a spatial topology geometry detection system for railway electrical engineering digital projects, comprising: a data acquisition and preprocessing module for acquiring multi-source spatial data and a model of the railway electrical engineering digital project, performing model-map separation on the model, exporting equipment attribute information to a database, and preprocessing the multi-source spatial data to obtain a spatial dataset in a unified coordinate system; a 3D model construction module for constructing a 3D geometric model of the railway electrical engineering digital project in a BIM modeling or GIS platform based on the spatial dataset in the unified coordinate system, and writing the geometric shape and attribute information of the lines, structures, and electrical equipment into the 3D geometric model; and a spatial topology relationship establishment module. The module is used to define the spatial topological relationships between model components in the three-dimensional geometric model, obtain the connectivity and containment relationships between components, and extract linear features, surface features, volume features, and angular features from the three-dimensional geometric model to form a spatial geometric feature dataset; the spatial geometric information detection module is used to perform collision detection, gap detection, and distance detection according to the railway electrical engineering spatial geometric information detection standard based on the spatial topological relationships and spatial geometric feature dataset, and to perform spatial topological analysis to generate detection result data; the result display module is used to display the detection result data on a three-dimensional visualization platform, and output a three-dimensional model highlight, two-dimensional analysis diagram, and tabular report.

[0014] Furthermore, the data acquisition and preprocessing module is configured to: perform noise and outlier removal processing on multi-source spatial data such as laser point clouds, UAV images, and BIM models; convert the multi-source spatial data into a unified standard data format; and use coordinate transformation methods to unify the multi-source spatial data to the national geodetic coordinate system.

[0015] Furthermore, the spatial geometric information detection module includes: a collision detection unit for identifying spatial collisions between equipment and cables within the cabinet, as well as between different cables; a gap detection unit for detecting whether the gaps between cables within the cable tray meet safety standards; and a distance detection unit for detecting whether the distances between the cabinet and the wall, as well as between adjacent cabinets, meet clearance requirements. The result display module is configured to: highlight the detected collision areas and excessive gaps in a 3D visualization platform, generate plan and cross-sectional analysis diagrams of the railway electrical engineering digital project, and output reports including geometric parameters and comparison information with detection standards. It also provides an interactive user interface to support detection threshold adjustment, object filtering, and dynamic updating of detection results.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention focuses on the digital engineering of railway electrical systems, unifying multi-source spatial data such as BIM, GIS, and point clouds into a single coordinate system. Through map-model separation and attribute storage, geometric information is combined with engineering attributes. Based on this, a three-dimensional geometric model of the railway electrical system is constructed, explicitly establishing the spatial topological relationships between points, lines, surfaces, and volumes, as well as between equipment, cables, cable trays, cabinets, and structures, forming a computable spatial geometric feature dataset. Relying on these topological relationships and geometric features, the method can automatically perform collision detection, gap detection, and distance detection according to specifications, systematically identifying problems such as spatial conflicts, insufficient spacing, and exceeding clearance limits. Compared with traditional methods relying on two-dimensional drawings and manual measurements, this significantly reduces manual workload, improves detection efficiency and repeatability, and facilitates the reuse of detection rules in different station, section, and equipment scenarios.

[0017] This invention employs a layered design, comprising a data acquisition and preprocessing module, a 3D model construction module, a spatial topology relationship establishment module, a spatial geometric information detection module, and a result display module. This decouples data organization, model construction, and geometric detection, resulting in a clear and well-defined system architecture. The system can be deployed on existing BIM / GIS platforms and integrated as a plugin or service, facilitating integration with existing design and operation platforms. Detection results are displayed in various formats, including 3D model highlighting, 2D analysis diagrams, and reports. It supports conditional filtering, threshold adjustment, and result traceability, enabling collaborative use across different stages such as design optimization, construction review, and operation and maintenance inspection. This enhances the engineering applicability and scalability of spatial geometric detection in railway electrical engineering.

[0018] Of course, implementing the various technical solutions of this invention does not necessarily require achieving all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 is a flowchart illustrating the spatial topology geometric detection method for railway electrical engineering according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the three-dimensional modeling of railway electrical engineering according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the establishment of spatial topology relationships according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein: Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram illustrating the connectivity topology of cable trays, showing the geometric connection relationship between straight sections and bends of the cable trays, used to represent the connectivity topology between components; Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram illustrating the inclusion topology of equipment, showing the spatial inclusion relationship between equipment such as DC power distribution units and components such as switches and indicator lights on their panels, used to represent the inclusion topology inside the equipment; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the spatial geometric information detection of railway electrical engineering according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the visualization display interface of the detection results according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the physical structure of electronic equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Similar elements in different embodiments are referred to by associated similar element reference numerals. In the following embodiments, many details are described to facilitate a better understanding of this application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some features may be omitted in different situations, or may be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, certain operations related to this application are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid obscuring the core parts of this application with excessive description. For those skilled in the art, detailed description of these related operations is not necessary; they can fully understand the related operations based on the description in the specification and general technical knowledge in the art.

[0022] Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. At the same time, the steps or actions in the method description can be rearranged or adjusted in a manner obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various orders in the specification and drawings are only for the clear description of a particular embodiment and do not imply a necessary order, unless otherwise stated that a particular order must be followed.

[0023] Example 1: This example provides a spatial topology geometry detection method for railway electrical, electronic, and communication (Electrical, Electrical, and Communication) digital engineering. The overall process is shown in Figure 1, which mainly includes data acquisition and preprocessing, 3D model construction, establishment of spatial topology relationships, and detection and display of spatial geometric information.

[0024] First, as shown in Figure 1, data acquisition and preprocessing are performed in step S1. For the target railway's electrical, electronic, and communication (Electrical, Electrical, and Computer) digital engineering project, multi-source spatial data is acquired, including the railway Electrification, Electronic, and Communication (Electrification, Electronic, and Communication) digital engineering model, laser point cloud data, UAV aerial survey imagery, and existing BIM models. Based on the organizational framework of the railway Electrification, the system separates the model from the geometric model, extracting the components and attribute information of the Electrification, Electronic, and Communication (Electrification, Electronic, and Communication) equipment from the geometric model and exporting them to a relational database for subsequent topology construction and correlation of inspection results. Subsequently, a statistical outlier removal algorithm is used to remove noise and outliers from the multi-source spatial data. For example, radius filtering and statistical filtering are used to remove isolated points and outliers that significantly deviate from the track and structure surfaces in the laser point cloud data, improving the quality of the original data. On this basis, the laser point cloud, UAV imagery, and BIM model data are converted into a unified standard data format, such as CityGML or IFC, to ensure compatibility and resolvability between data from different sources. Finally, through seven-parameter coordinate transformation or affine transformation, various types of data are unified to the same national geodetic coordinate system (such as CGCS2000), realizing data fusion under a unified coordinate system and laying the foundation for subsequent 3D modeling and spatial analysis.

[0025] Next, as shown in Figure 2, a 3D model is constructed in step S2. Based on the preprocessed multi-source spatial data, the 3D model construction module builds a 3D geometric model of the railway electrical and electronic equipment digital engineering on a BIM modeling platform (e.g., Revit, Bentley, Civil 3D, etc.) or GIS platform. This 3D model accurately represents the civil engineering and track components such as railway alignment, bridge structure, tunnel cross-section, and station building layout, while also establishing corresponding geometric models for electrical and electronic equipment components (e.g., cabinets, cable trays, cable ducts, cables, distribution cabinets, etc.). For electrical and electronic equipment, the model not only records its geometric dimensions (e.g., the length, width, and height of the cabinet), but also associates material properties (e.g., whether the equipment shell is metal or plastic) and necessary texture information (e.g., cabinet number identification, equipment surface condition), thus enabling the 3D geometric model to possess both spatial accuracy and engineering attribute information related to inspection.

[0026] Subsequently, as shown in Figure 3, spatial topological relationships are established and spatial geometric features are extracted in step S3. The spatial topological relationship establishment module defines the topological relationships between spatial elements such as points, lines, surfaces, and volumes in the three-dimensional geometric model. For example, the relationship between the device's adsorption point and the room wall is represented as "a point on the boundary of a surface," the relationship between the power line or communication cable and the inner surface of the cable tray is represented as "a line on the boundary of a surface," and the intersection points of cable paths at the intersection points of different cable trays or cable racks are represented as "intersection points of lines," thus forming a calculable topological structure. Based on this, the system analyzes the spatial relationships between components, including: the connectivity between cable trays and cable ducts, used to determine whether the cable paths are continuous and whether the connections meet design specifications; and the inclusion between auxiliary equipment and the cabinet, used to determine whether all transmission host equipment, etc., are located within the cabinet's clearance range.

[0027] After the topology is defined, the system extracts the geometric features related to the detection from the 3D model to obtain a spatial geometric feature dataset. Specifically, this includes: linear features, such as cable length, cable tray length and width, used to evaluate cable path length and layout density; area features, such as server room walls, floors, and cable tray cross-sections, used to analyze the distance relationship between equipment and structural surfaces and the location of installation surfaces; volumetric features, such as cabinet volume and the volume occupied by cables in cable trays or cable ducts, used to evaluate cabling saturation and space utilization; and angular features, such as the bending angle or curvature at cable bends and the angle between the cabinet and the room axis, used to check whether cable bending meets specifications and whether there is any abnormal tilting in equipment installation.

[0028] Next, as shown in Figure 4, spatial geometric information detection and topology analysis are performed in step S4. Based on the aforementioned topological relationships and spatial geometric feature dataset, the spatial geometric information detection module performs automated geometric detection on the model according to relevant specifications for railway electrical engineering. This mainly includes: collision detection, used to identify spatial conflicts between equipment and cables within the cabinet, as well as between different cables, such as cables passing through equipment housings or multiple cables overlapping in the same cross-section; gap detection, used to check whether the gap between cables in the same cable tray or wiring trough is not less than the minimum spacing required by the specifications to meet the requirements for heat dissipation, maintenance, and safety distances; and distance detection, used to measure whether the distance between the cabinet and the wall, between adjacent cabinets, and between equipment and the building structure meets the clearance standards.

[0029] While performing geometric inspections, the system can also perform spatial topology analysis, such as assessing whether the relative positions of the cabinets are conducive to heat dissipation and fire prevention, and checking whether the minimum clearance between cable trays and wiring ducts meets seismic and maintenance requirements. When the system detects a situation that does not meet the specifications, it records the corresponding component and its geometric parameters as a problem item and links it to the equipment attribute information in the aforementioned database for subsequent rectification and verification.

[0030] Finally, as shown in Figure 5, the detection results are displayed on a 3D visualization platform by the results display module. The visualization platform, which can be implemented using WebGL, Unity3D, etc., highlights the detected collision locations, insufficient gaps, and non-compliant distances in the 3D model, while simultaneously displaying the corresponding plan views, cross-sectional analysis diagrams, and list reports. Users can view the spatial location, geometric parameters, and corresponding specification requirements of each problem point through an interactive interface, adjust the detection threshold, filter by equipment type, location, or specialty, and refresh the detection results in real time. This supports scheme comparison during the design phase, installation verification during the construction phase, and inspection and verification during the operation and maintenance phase.

[0031] Through the above embodiments, the present invention, based on a unified coordinate system and multi-source data fusion, organically combines a three-dimensional model with spatial topological relationships, realizing automated detection and visualization of spatial geometric information of equipment, cables and structural components in railway electrical engineering, improving detection accuracy and efficiency, and facilitating its application in different lines, stations and equipment room scenarios.

[0032] Example 2: This example provides a spatial topology geometry detection system for railway electrical engineering, which supports the execution of the spatial topology geometry detection method for railway electrical engineering described in Example 1.

[0033] The Railway Electrification, Electrical, and Electronic Engineering (Electrification, Electronic Control, and Electrical Systems) Digital Engineering Spatial Topology and Geometry Detection System is deployed in the server environment of the railway Electrification, Electrical, and Electronic Systems Digital Engineering design or operation and maintenance platform. It mainly consists of a data acquisition and preprocessing module, a 3D model construction module, a spatial topology relationship establishment module, a spatial geometric information detection module, and a result display module, working in conjunction with the underlying database and file storage components. The modules interact with each other through internal service interfaces or message buses, forming an integrated processing chain from multi-source data access and model construction to spatial analysis and visualization output.

[0034] The data acquisition and preprocessing module connects to existing data sources used for engineering design and construction management, receiving multi-source spatial data such as railway electrical engineering digital engineering models, laser point clouds, UAV aerial survey imagery, and existing BIM models. The module includes a built-in model separation sub-function, used to parse the engineering model according to the railway electrical engineering digital engineering organizational framework, exporting equipment components and their attribute information and writing them into a relational database, while simultaneously splitting the geometric part into geometric data files usable for modeling and analysis. The built-in preprocessing sub-function uses a statistical outlier removal algorithm to remove noise and outliers from point cloud data, and converts laser point clouds, UAV imagery, and BIM models into unified standard formats such as CityGML and IFC according to preset data standards. Finally, the coordinate transformation module unifies all data to the selected national geodetic coordinate system. This module provides a unified data interface, outputting a quality-controlled spatial dataset and equipment attribute library to the 3D model construction module.

[0035] The 3D model building module is deployed on the same application server or integrated with the BIM / GIS platform via a plug-in approach. It is used to construct 3D geometric models of railway electrical, electronic, and communication (Electrical, Electrical, and Communication) digital engineering projects based on preprocessed spatial datasets within a BIM or GIS platform. This module includes geometric modeling sub-units and attribute binding sub-units: the geometric modeling sub-unit automatically or semi-automatically generates 3D geometric models of the civil engineering and track components based on information such as railway alignment, bridge structure, tunnel cross-section, and station layout; the attribute binding sub-unit, based on the equipment attribute library imported from the data acquisition and preprocessing module, writes geometric dimensions, material attributes, and necessary identification information for Electrification, Electronic, and Communication (Electrical, Electrical, and Communication) equipment components such as cabinets, cable trays, cable ducts, and cables into the 3D model, enabling the 3D model to possess both geometric accuracy and attribute expression capabilities.

[0036] The spatial topology relationship establishment module shares the same model database as the 3D model construction module. It is used to establish spatial topological relationships between model components and extract spatial geometric features based on the 3D geometric model. This module includes a topology relationship definition subunit and a geometric feature extraction subunit. The topology relationship definition subunit encodes the relationships of points, lines, surfaces, and volumes in the model according to preset railway electrical topology rules, explicitly recording the boundary relationships of points on surfaces, the boundary relationships of lines on surfaces, and the intersection relationships of lines. It also identifies the connectivity and inclusion relationships between components such as cabinets and rooms, cable trays and cable ducts. The geometric feature extraction subunit, based on the above topological relationships, performs traversal calculations on the model, automatically extracting linear features (such as cable length, cable duct length and width), surface features (such as equipment room walls, cable duct cross-sections), volumetric features (such as cabinet volume, the volume occupied by cables in the passageway), and angular features (such as cable bending radius, the angle between the cabinet and room axes). These features are then encapsulated into a spatial geometric feature dataset for subsequent detection modules to use.

[0037] The spatial geometric information detection module is the core computing unit of the system, used to perform automated spatial geometric information detection based on topological relationships and geometric feature datasets. This module internally includes collision detection, gap detection, and distance detection subunits. The collision detection subunit analyzes the spatial overlap of equipment, cables, and cables within the cabinet based on component volume characteristics and topological relationships, identifying overlapping or intersecting component pairs. The gap detection subunit calculates the net gap between cables within the same cross-section based on the cable tray or cable duct arrangement and compares it with a preset safe distance threshold. The distance detection subunit calculates the distance between key information points based on the relative position and surface features between the cabinet and the wall, adjacent cabinets, and equipment and the building structure, determining whether the clearance requirements are met. The module also integrates a spatial topology analysis subunit to evaluate the overall layout rationality based on the geometric detection results, such as whether the cabinet arrangement is conducive to heat dissipation and fire prevention, and whether the minimum clearance between cable trays and cable ducts meets seismic and maintenance requirements. The detection module generates structured detection result data for various problems it discovers, recording the problem component identifier, geometric parameters, the type of rule violated, and its three-dimensional coordinates.

[0038] The results display module is interconnected with the spatial geometry information detection module and the 3D model repository to present the detection results in an intuitive way on a 3D visualization platform. This module can be implemented using a visualization engine that supports 3D rendering, such as combining WebGL or Unity3D to build a 3D visualization platform interface for railway electrical engineering. It highlights detected collision areas, insufficient clearances, and non-compliant distance components in the 3D scene, while generating corresponding 2D plan views, cross-sectional analysis diagrams, and tabular reports in a side panel or independent window. The tables list each geometric parameter and its comparison with the standard thresholds. The results display module also provides an interactive user interface, allowing users to filter detection objects by profession, equipment type, or spatial range, adjust the thresholds for collision, clearance, and distance detection, and dynamically refresh the results by re-triggering the spatial geometry information detection module's calculations after parameter changes. This supports multiple application scenarios such as design optimization, construction review, and operation and maintenance inspection.

[0039] In practical deployment, the system in this embodiment can adopt an architecture of centralized server-side deployment and remote client-side access. The server-side installs the database, file storage service, and the aforementioned functional modules, while the client accesses the 3D visualization interface and detection management interface via a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN). In this way, multi-source spatial data, 3D models, and detection rules for railway electrical engineering can be centrally managed. Data preprocessing, model construction, topology relationship establishment, and spatial geometric information detection are completed on a unified platform, achieving universal support for different lines, stations, and equipment room scenarios, further improving the engineering applicability and scalability of spatial geometric information detection in railway electrical engineering digital projects.

[0040] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this disclosure also provide an electronic device for spatial topology geometry detection in railway electrical engineering. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of the electronic device provided in this embodiment. The electronic device may include: a processor 301, a communication interface 302, a memory 303, and a bus 304. The processor 301, the communication interface 302, and the memory 303 communicate with each other via the bus 304. The processor 301 can call a computer program stored in the memory 303 and running on the processor 301 to execute the spatial topology geometry detection method for railway electrical engineering provided in the above embodiment.

[0041] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 303 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention embodiment, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0042] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, can implement the spatial topological geometry detection method for railway electrical, electronic, and electronic engineering as described above.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of this disclosure is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features disclosed in this disclosure that have similar functions.

[0044] Furthermore, while the operations are described in a specific order, this should not be construed as requiring these operations to be performed in the specific order shown or in a sequential order. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, while several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments.

Claims

1. A spatial topological geometry detection method for railway electrical, electronic, and electronic control systems, characterized in that: include: S1, Data Acquisition and Preprocessing: Acquire multi-source spatial data of railway electrical engineering and the corresponding railway electrical engineering model, perform model-graph separation on the model, export the equipment attribute information in the model to the database, and preprocess the multi-source spatial data to obtain a spatial dataset under a unified coordinate system. S2, 3D Model Construction: Based on the preprocessed spatial dataset, a 3D geometric model of the railway electrical engineering digital project is constructed in a BIM modeling or GIS platform. The railway alignment, bridge structure, tunnel cross-section, station layout, and the geometric shape and attribute information of the electrical equipment are written into the 3D geometric model. S3, Spatial Topology Relationship Establishment: The spatial topology relationship between relevant components of the railway electrical engineering digital project is defined in the 3D geometric model. The connectivity and inclusion relationships between points, lines, surfaces, and volumes in the model are obtained. Linear features, surface features, volume features, and angular features are extracted from the 3D geometric model to form a spatial geometric feature dataset to be detected. S4, Spatial geometric information detection and result display: Based on the spatial topological relationship and spatial geometric feature dataset, in accordance with the spatial geometric information detection standard for railway electrical engineering, collision detection, gap detection and distance detection are performed on the three-dimensional geometric model, and spatial topological analysis is conducted to generate detection result data; The detection results data are graphically displayed through a 3D visualization platform, outputting detection results including a highlighted 3D model, 2D analysis charts, and tabular reports.

2. The spatial topology geometry detection method for railway electrical, electronic, and electronic systems as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, performing model-graph separation on the railway electrical engineering digital engineering model includes: according to the railway electrical engineering digital engineering organizational framework, separating the equipment components and their attribute information from the model and exporting them to a relational database for subsequent spatial topology construction and geometric detection.

3. The spatial topology geometry detection method for railway electrical, electronic, and electronic systems as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the preprocessing of multi-source spatial data includes: using a statistical outlier removal algorithm to remove noise and outliers from laser point cloud, UAV imagery and BIM model data, converting various types of data into a unified standard data format, and using a coordinate transformation method to unify the multi-source spatial data to the national geodetic coordinate system.

4. The spatial topology geometry detection method for railway electrical, electronic, and electronic systems as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, constructing a three-dimensional geometric model of the railway's electrical, electronic, and communication (Electrical, Electrical, and Communication) digital engineering includes: using BIM modeling or a GIS platform to construct a three-dimensional geometric model of the railway alignment, bridge structure, tunnel cross-section, and station building, and setting geometric dimensions, material properties, and identification information for the components of the electrical, electronic, and communication equipment in the model, so that the three-dimensional geometric model has both geometric accuracy and attribute expression capabilities.

5. The spatial topology geometry detection method for railway electrical, electronic, and electronic systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, defining spatial topological relationships includes: defining the boundary relationships of points on a surface, the boundary relationships of lines on a surface, and the intersection relationships of lines in the three-dimensional geometric model; determining connectivity relationships based on the spatial positional relationships between components to represent the connection status between cable trays and wiring ducts; and determining inclusion relationships based on the spatial inclusion relationships of components to represent whether auxiliary equipment is located within the cabinet clearance range.

6. The spatial topology geometry detection method for railway electrical, electronic, and electronic systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the spatial geometric relationship detection includes: collision detection, used to identify whether there is spatial conflict between equipment and cables in the cabinet and between different cables; gap detection, used to detect whether the gap between cables in the same cable tray meets the safety standard; and distance detection, used to detect whether the distance between the cabinet and the wall and the distance between adjacent cabinets meet the clearance requirements.

7. The spatial topology geometry detection method for railway electrical, electronic, and electronic systems as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the graphical display of the detection results includes: highlighting the collision area and the over-limit gap through a three-dimensional visualization platform, generating a plan view and cross-sectional analysis diagram of the railway electrical engineering digital project, and outputting a table report showing the comparison relationship between geometric parameters and detection standards. At the same time, an interactive user interface is provided to support the adjustment of detection thresholds, object filtering, and real-time updates of detection results.

8. A spatial topology geometry detection system for railway electrical, electronic, and electronic engineering, characterized in that: include: The data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to acquire multi-source spatial data and a model of the railway electrical engineering digital project, perform model-map separation on the model, export equipment attribute information to the database, and preprocess the multi-source spatial data to obtain a spatial dataset under a unified coordinate system. The 3D model construction module is used to construct a 3D geometric model of the railway electrical engineering digital project in a BIM modeling or GIS platform based on the spatial dataset under the unified coordinate system, and write the geometric shape and attribute information of the line, structure and electrical equipment into the 3D geometric model. The spatial topology relationship establishment module is used to define the spatial topology relationships between model components in the three-dimensional geometric model, obtain the connectivity and containment relationships between components, and extract linear features, surface features, volume features and angular features from the three-dimensional geometric model to form a spatial geometric feature dataset. The spatial geometric information detection module is used to perform collision detection, gap detection, and distance detection based on the spatial topological relationship and spatial geometric feature dataset, in accordance with the spatial geometric information detection standard for railway electrical engineering, and to perform spatial topological analysis to generate detection result data. The results display module is used to display the detection results data on a 3D visualization platform, and output a 3D model highlight, a 2D analysis chart, and a table report.

9. The railway electrical, electronic, and electronic engineering spatial topology geometry detection system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The data acquisition and preprocessing module is configured to: perform noise and outlier removal processing on multi-source spatial data including laser point clouds, UAV imagery, and BIM models; convert the multi-source spatial data into a unified standard data format; and use coordinate transformation methods to unify the multi-source spatial data to the national geodetic coordinate system.

10. The railway electrical, electronic, and electronic engineering spatial topology geometry detection system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The spatial geometric information detection module includes: a collision detection unit for identifying spatial collisions between equipment and cables within the cabinet, as well as between different cables; a gap detection unit for detecting whether the gaps between cables within the cable tray meet safety standards; and a distance detection unit for detecting whether the distances between the cabinet and the wall, as well as between adjacent cabinets, meet clearance requirements. The result display module is configured to: highlight the detected collision areas and excessive gaps in a 3D visualization platform, generate plan and cross-sectional analysis diagrams of the railway electrical engineering digital project, and output reports including geometric parameters and comparison information with detection standards. It also provides an interactive user interface to support detection threshold adjustment, object filtering, and dynamic updating of detection results.

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