High-magnetic-gathering reactance saturation less-rare-earth permanent magnet and electromagnetic salient pole hybrid excitation motor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a high-magnetism-gathering anti-saturation less rare earth permanent magnet and electromagnetic salient pole hybrid excitation motor which comprises a front end cover, a machine shell, a rear end cover, a rotating shaft, a stator and a rotor. The rotor is composed of a rotor iron core, neodymium iron boron permanent magnet steel, ferrite permanent magnet steel and an excitation winding, an even number of salient poles are uniformly distributed on the rotor iron core, arc-shaped contours are processed on two sides of a pole body of each salient pole to form a gourd-like excitation winding groove, the excitation winding is wound in the gourd-like excitation winding groove, and the excitation winding is wound in the excitation winding groove. Magnetic steel grooves for placing ferrite permanent magnet steel are formed in the outer sides of the gourd-like excitation winding grooves; and magnetic steel grooves for placing neodymium iron boron permanent magnet steel and arc-shaped magnetic isolation grooves are formed in the salient pole shoes. According to the invention, the magnetism gathering performance of the salient pole rotor can be effectively improved, the air gap flux density waveform can be improved, the distortion rate can be reduced, and the design of the gourd-like excitation winding grooves can effectively reduce the magnetic circuit saturation of the rotor and improve the torque performance of the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to a hybrid excitation motor of high-polymer magnetic reactivity saturated rare-earth permanent magnet and electromagnetic salient pole. Background Technology

[0002] Hybrid excitation motors combine permanent magnet and electric excitation sources to synthesize the main magnetic field, possessing both the high efficiency of permanent magnet motors and the adjustable magnetic field of electric excitation motors. Salient-pole hybrid excitation motors typically place the permanent magnets at the rotor pole shoes, while the excitation windings are wound around the rotor pole body. The permanent magnet flux and the electric excitation flux on the rotor exhibit a hybrid magnetic circuit relationship, involving both series and parallel connections. This hybrid magnetic circuit design effectively improves the magnetic adjustment range, increases rotor pole space utilization, enhances overall power density, and broadens the operating range. However, traditional hybrid excitation salient-pole motors often employ a "T"-shaped rotor structure with wide pole shoes and a narrow pole body. This structure tends to cause the synthesized magnetic field generated at the main air gap to diverge, and its magnetic focusing performance needs further improvement. Furthermore, limited by the space required for winding the excitation windings, the narrower pole body design makes the rotor magnetic circuit more prone to saturation, thus affecting the motor's output performance and operating quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a hybrid excitation motor with high magnetic cohesion saturation, low rare earth permanent magnet and electromagnetic salient pole, which can effectively improve the magnetic cohesion performance of the salient pole rotor, improve the air gap magnetic flux density waveform, alleviate magnetic circuit saturation, and improve the motor's output performance and operating quality.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides a hybrid excitation motor with high-precision magnetic saturation, low-rare-earth permanent magnet and electromagnetic salient pole, including a rotating shaft, a front end cover, a housing, a rear end cover, a stator and a rotor; the rotor is composed of a rotor core, neodymium iron boron permanent magnet steel, ferrite permanent magnet steel and excitation winding.

[0005] An even number of salient poles are evenly distributed on the rotor core. The N-pole salient poles and the S-pole salient poles are symmetrically distributed alternately. The two sides of each salient pole are machined with arc-shaped contours to form a gourd-shaped excitation winding slot. The gourd-shaped excitation winding slot is machined into a small-end elliptical slot that is longer in the radial direction of the rotor core on the side closer to the inner circle of the rotor core, and into a large-end elliptical slot that is longer in the tangential direction of the rotor core on the side closer to the outer circle of the rotor core. The inner end of the large-end elliptical slot is connected to the outer end of the small-end elliptical slot, and the cross-sectional areas of the large-end elliptical slot and the small-end elliptical slot are equal.

[0006] Furthermore, the excitation winding is wound in the gourd-shaped excitation winding slot, with the excitation winding wound with the N-pole salient pole located in the small end elliptical slot and the excitation winding wound with the S-pole salient pole located in the large end elliptical slot. The number of turns of the excitation winding wound with the N-pole salient pole and the S-pole salient pole are the same.

[0007] Furthermore, a rectangular connecting slot is provided between the outer side of the large end elliptical slot of the gourd-shaped excitation winding slot and the outer circle of the rotor core. The inner end of the rectangular connecting slot is connected to the outer end of the large end elliptical slot, and the outer end of the rectangular connecting slot is connected to the outer circle of the rotor core. A first magnet slot is provided in the rectangular connecting slot, and a tangentially magnetized rectangular ferrite permanent magnet is installed in the first magnet slot.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotor core has two rectangular magnetic slots symmetrically arranged in a "V" shape along the center line of the magnetic poles inside the salient pole shoe. The rectangular magnetic slot on the left side of the two rectangular magnetic slots symmetrically arranged in a "V" shape along the center line of the magnetic poles is the second magnetic slot, and the rectangular magnetic slot on the right side of the two rectangular magnetic slots symmetrically arranged in a "V" shape along the center line of the magnetic poles is the third magnetic slot. A first rectangular neodymium iron boron permanent magnet is installed in the second magnetic slot, and a second rectangular neodymium iron boron permanent magnet is installed in the third magnetic slot.

[0009] Furthermore, a first magnetic isolation groove, a second magnetic isolation groove, a third magnetic isolation groove, and a fourth magnetic isolation groove are provided on the outer side of the second and third magnetic steel grooves. The first, second, third, and fourth magnetic isolation grooves are all arc-shaped magnetic isolation grooves. The first and fourth magnetic isolation grooves are symmetrical along the center line of the magnetic poles and form a figure-eight shape. The right end of the first magnetic isolation groove is connected to the left end of the second magnetic steel groove, and the left end of the fourth magnetic isolation groove is connected to the right end of the third magnetic steel groove. The second and third magnetic isolation grooves are symmetrical along the center line of the magnetic poles and form a figure-eight shape. The second magnetic isolation groove is located in the middle of the tangential direction of the second magnetic steel groove, and the third magnetic isolation groove is located in the middle of the tangential direction of the third magnetic steel groove.

[0010] Furthermore, during the installation of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnets, ferrite permanent magnets, and excitation windings on the rotor core, the first and second rectangular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets are first installed in the second and third magnet slots respectively according to the rotor magnetic pole polarity requirements. Then, the N-pole excitation winding is wound in the small end elliptical slot of the gourd-shaped excitation winding slot, and the S-pole excitation winding is wound in the large end elliptical slot of the gourd-shaped excitation winding slot. Finally, the ferrite permanent magnets are installed in the first magnet slot according to the rotor magnetic pole polarity requirements, thus completing the mechanized winding of the excitation windings and the mechanized installation of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnets and ferrite permanent magnets.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner and outer widths of the first magnetic slot on the rotor core are both greater than the inner and outer widths of the rectangular connecting slot, and the first magnetic slot is 1.5mm away from the outer circle of the rotor core.

[0012] Furthermore, a right-angled trapezoidal magnetic isolation air gap is provided at the right end of the second magnetic steel groove and the left end of the third magnetic steel groove. The right-angled sides of the two right-angled trapezoidal magnetic isolation air gaps are connected to the right end of the second magnetic steel groove and the left end of the third magnetic steel groove, respectively. The width of the right-angled sides of the two right-angled trapezoidal magnetic isolation air gaps is smaller than the width of the right end of the second magnetic steel groove and the width of the left end of the third magnetic steel groove, respectively. The middle of the two right-angled trapezoidal magnetic isolation air gaps is not connected, and the width of the unconnected part is 1.5mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the width of the right end of the first magnetic isolation groove is smaller than the width of the left end of the second magnetic groove, the width of the left end of the fourth magnetic isolation groove is smaller than the width of the right end of the third magnetic groove, the outer ends of the first, second, third and fourth magnetic isolation grooves are all 1.5mm away from the outer circle of the rotor core, the inner end of the second magnetic isolation groove is 1mm away from the outer end of the second magnetic groove, and the inner end of the third magnetic isolation groove is 1mm away from the outer end of the third magnetic groove.

[0014] Compared with the traditional structure, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] (1) The salient pole body of the rotor core is machined into a gourd-shaped excitation winding slot composed of a large-end elliptical slot and a small-end elliptical slot with the same cross-sectional area but different length-to-width ratio. This ensures the number of excitation winding turns, effectively utilizes the low magnetic flux redundancy area on both sides of the pole shoe, increases the pole body width, effectively reduces rotor magnetic circuit saturation, increases the electric excitation magnetic flux margin, improves the overall power density, widens the magnetic adjustment range, and improves the overall output performance.

[0016] (2) A high-energy-product neodymium iron boron permanent magnet is set at the center of the rotor core magnetic pole as the main permanent magnet source, and a low-energy-product ferrite permanent magnet is set at the edge of the magnetic pole as the auxiliary permanent magnet source. The excitation winding in the gourd-shaped excitation winding slot is used as the electric excitation source. While ensuring the automated installation of the excitation winding and permanent magnet, the combined effect of the three magnetic sources effectively improves the rotor magnetic flux density and magnetic concentration performance, so as to achieve high power density, high torque output and high efficiency operation of the whole machine.

[0017] (3) Two pairs of “eight”-shaped arc-shaped magnetic isolation slots are set at the center of the rotor core magnetic poles. This can effectively guide the magnetic circuits of the excitation magnetic field, the NdFeB permanent magnet magnetic field and the ferrite permanent magnet magnetic field to converge towards the middle of the “eight” shape, forming an ideal sinusoidal distribution with the strongest magnetic pole center and gradually weakening towards both sides. This effectively improves the air gap magnetic flux density waveform, reduces the distortion rate, and thus reduces the cogging torque and torque pulsation, thereby improving the overall NVH performance.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor core cross-section of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a comparison diagram of the air gap magnetic flux density waveforms of the present invention and a conventional structure motor;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a waveform diagram of the output torque of the present invention and the conventional structure motor when different excitation currents are applied;

[0023] In the attached diagram, the components corresponding to each number are as follows:

[0024] 1. Shaft; 2. Rear end cover; 3. Housing; 4. Stator; 5. Rotor core; 6. Second magnetic isolation slot; 7. First rectangular NdFeB permanent magnet; 8. Excitation winding; 9. Rectangular ferrite permanent magnet; 10. Rear end cover; 11. Fan; 12. First magnetic isolation slot; 13. Third magnetic isolation slot; 14. Second rectangular NdFeB permanent magnet; 15. Fourth magnetic isolation slot; 16. Type 16 gourd-shaped excitation winding slot. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To facilitate a better understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, further description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them, and are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit it. All other embodiments or equivalent modifications that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., appearing in this specification, claims, and drawings are intended to distinguish similar objects and are not intended to limit the specific order of the objects in terms of space, time, or importance. These terms may be interchanged where appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0027] In describing this invention, the directional terms such as "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" are based on the orientation shown in the accompanying drawings or the orientation when the product is in common use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not require that the relevant components be in or operate in that specific orientation. Therefore, they do not constitute a limitation on this invention.

[0028] Example

[0029] A hybrid excitation motor combining high-polymer magnetic reactivity saturated rare-earth permanent magnets and electromagnetic salient poles, with the structure as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a rotating shaft 1, a front end cover 2, a housing 3, a rear end cover 10, a stator 4, and a rotor; the rotor is composed of a rotor core 5, neodymium iron boron permanent magnet steel, ferrite permanent magnet steel, and an excitation winding 8.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, an even number of salient poles are evenly distributed on the rotor core 5. The N-pole salient poles and the S-pole salient poles are symmetrically distributed alternately. An arc-shaped profile is machined on both sides of the pole body of each salient pole to form a gourd-shaped excitation winding slot 16. The gourd-shaped excitation winding slot 16 is machined into a small-end elliptical slot that is longer in the radial direction of the rotor core 5 on the side closer to the inner circle of the rotor core 5, and into a large-end elliptical slot that is longer in the tangential direction of the rotor core 5 on the side closer to the outer circle of the rotor core 5. The inner end of the large-end elliptical slot is connected to the outer end of the small-end elliptical slot. The cross-sectional areas of the large-end elliptical slot and the small-end elliptical slot are equal.

[0031] An excitation winding 8 is wound in a gourd-shaped excitation winding slot 16. The excitation winding 8 with the N-pole salient pole is located in the small end elliptical slot, and the excitation winding 8 with the S-pole salient pole is located in the large end elliptical slot. The number of turns of the excitation winding 8 wound with the N-pole salient pole and the S-pole salient pole is the same.

[0032] A rectangular connecting slot is provided between the outer side of the large end elliptical slot of the gourd-shaped excitation winding slot 16 and the outer circle of the rotor core 5. The inner end of the rectangular connecting slot is connected to the outer end of the large end elliptical slot, and the outer end of the rectangular connecting slot is connected to the outer circle of the rotor core 5. A first magnet slot is provided in the rectangular connecting slot, and a tangentially magnetized rectangular ferrite permanent magnet 9 is installed in the first magnet slot.

[0033] The rotor core 5 has two rectangular magnetic slots symmetrically arranged in a "V" shape along the center line of the magnetic poles inside the salient pole shoe. The rectangular magnetic slot on the left side of the two rectangular magnetic slots symmetrically arranged in a "V" shape along the center line of the magnetic poles is the second magnetic slot, and the rectangular magnetic slot on the right side of the two rectangular magnetic slots symmetrically arranged in a "V" shape along the center line of the magnetic poles is the third magnetic slot. The first rectangular neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 7 is installed in the second magnetic slot, and the second rectangular neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 14 is installed in the third magnetic slot.

[0034] The outer sides of the second and third magnetic steel slots are provided with a first magnetic isolation slot 12, a second magnetic isolation slot 6, a third magnetic isolation slot 13, and a fourth magnetic isolation slot 15. The first magnetic isolation slot 12, the second magnetic isolation slot 6, the third magnetic isolation slot 13, and the fourth magnetic isolation slot 15 are all arc-shaped magnetic isolation slots. The first magnetic isolation slot 12 and the fourth magnetic isolation slot 15 are symmetrical along the magnetic pole center line and form a figure-eight shape. The right end of the first magnetic isolation slot 12 is connected to the left end of the second magnetic steel slot, and the left end of the fourth magnetic isolation slot 15 is connected to the right end of the third magnetic steel slot. The second magnetic isolation slot 6 and the third magnetic isolation slot 13 are symmetrical along the magnetic pole center line and form a figure-eight shape. The second magnetic isolation slot 6 is located in the tangential middle of the second magnetic steel slot, and the third magnetic isolation slot 13 is located in the tangential middle of the third magnetic steel slot.

[0035] When installing the neodymium iron boron permanent magnets, ferrite permanent magnets, and excitation windings 8 on the rotor core 5, the first rectangular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets 7 and the second rectangular neodymium iron boron permanent magnets 14 are first installed in the second and third magnet slots respectively according to the rotor magnetic pole polarity requirements. Then, the N-pole excitation winding 8 is wound in the small end elliptical slot of the gourd-shaped excitation winding slot 16. Then, the S-pole excitation winding 8 is wound in the large end elliptical slot of the gourd-shaped excitation winding slot 16. Finally, the ferrite permanent magnets are installed in the first magnet slot according to the rotor magnetic pole polarity requirements, thus completing the mechanized winding of the excitation winding 8 and the mechanized installation of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnets and ferrite permanent magnets.

[0036] The width of the inner and outer ends of the first magnet slot on the rotor core 5 is greater than the width of the inner and outer ends of the rectangular connecting slot, and the distance between the first magnet slot and the outer circle of the rotor core 5 is 1.5mm.

[0037] A right-angled trapezoidal magnetic isolation air gap is provided at the right end of the second magnetic steel groove and the left end of the third magnetic steel groove. The right-angled sides of the two right-angled trapezoidal magnetic isolation air gaps are connected to the right end of the second magnetic steel groove and the left end of the third magnetic steel groove, respectively. The width of the right-angled sides of the two right-angled trapezoidal magnetic isolation air gaps is smaller than the width of the right end of the second magnetic steel groove and the width of the left end of the third magnetic steel groove, respectively. The middle of the two right-angled trapezoidal magnetic isolation air gaps is not connected, and the width of the unconnected part is 1.5mm.

[0038] The width of the right end of the first magnetic isolation groove 12 is smaller than the width of the left end of the second magnetic groove, and the width of the left end of the fourth magnetic isolation groove 15 is smaller than the width of the right end of the third magnetic groove. The outer ends of the first magnetic isolation groove 12, the second magnetic isolation groove 6, the third magnetic isolation groove 13 and the fourth magnetic isolation groove 15 are all 1.5mm away from the outer circle of the rotor core 5. The inner end of the second magnetic isolation groove 6 is 1mm away from the outer end of the second magnetic groove, and the inner end of the third magnetic isolation groove 13 is 1mm away from the outer end of the third magnetic groove.

[0039] like Figure 3As shown, compared with the traditional "T"-shaped salient pole structure motor, the rotor poles of this invention have stronger magnetic focusing properties and anti-saturation effect due to the design of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet steel, ferrite permanent magnet steel, gourd-shaped excitation winding slots, and arc-shaped magnetic isolation slots, resulting in higher output torque for the entire machine. When no excitation current is applied, the average output torque of the traditional structure motor is 14.70 Nm, while the average output torque of this invention is 16.01 Nm, an increase of 1.31 Nm. When a large positive excitation current is applied, the rotor magnetic circuit of a conventional motor tends to saturate, significantly limiting its output torque regulation capability. When a 3A positive excitation current is applied, the average output torque of the conventional motor is 16.25Nm, only 1.55Nm higher than when no excitation current is applied. However, when a 3A positive excitation current is applied, the average output torque of the present invention is 19.24Nm, 3.23Nm higher than when no excitation current is applied. This demonstrates that the present invention can effectively alleviate magnetic circuit saturation, improve the electric excitation flux margin, and provide a wider output regulation range for the motor.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, compared with the traditional structure motor, the arc-shaped magnetic isolation groove of the present invention guides the magnetic field, making the rotor magnetic field distribution more reasonable, significantly improving the peak value of the main air gap magnetic flux density waveform, significantly improving the sinusoidal nature, and reducing the distortion rate of the main air gap magnetic flux density waveform from 30.7% to 16.9%, a decrease of about 45%.

Claims

1. A hybrid excitation motor combining high-polymer magnetic reactivity saturated rare-earth permanent magnets and electromagnetic salient poles, characterized in that: It includes a rotating shaft (1), a front end cover (2), a housing (3), a rear end cover (10), a stator (4), and a rotor; the rotor is composed of a rotor core (5), neodymium iron boron permanent magnet steel, ferrite permanent magnet steel, and an excitation winding (8); An even number of salient poles are uniformly distributed on the rotor core (5). The N-pole salient poles and the S-pole salient poles are symmetrically distributed alternately. An arc-shaped profile is machined on both sides of the pole body of each salient pole to form a gourd-shaped excitation winding slot (16). The gourd-shaped excitation winding slot (16) is machined into a small-end elliptical slot that is longer in the radial direction of the rotor core (5) on the side near the inner circle of the rotor core (5), and into a large-end elliptical slot that is longer in the tangential direction of the rotor core (5) on the side near the outer circle of the rotor core (5). The inner end of the large-end elliptical slot is connected to the outer end of the small-end elliptical slot. The cross-sectional areas of the large-end elliptical slot and the small-end elliptical slot are equal. The excitation winding (8) is wound in the gourd-shaped excitation winding slot (16). The excitation winding (8) wound with the N pole salient pole is set in the small end elliptical slot, and the excitation winding (8) wound with the S pole salient pole is set in the large end elliptical slot. The number of turns of the excitation winding (8) wound with the N pole salient pole and the S pole salient pole is the same. A rectangular connecting slot is provided between the outer side of the large end elliptical slot of the gourd-shaped excitation winding slot (16) and the outer circle of the rotor core (5). The inner end of the rectangular connecting slot is connected to the outer end of the large end elliptical slot, and the outer end of the rectangular connecting slot is connected to the outer circle of the rotor core (5). A first magnet slot is provided in the rectangular connecting slot, and a tangentially magnetized rectangular ferrite permanent magnet (9) is installed in the first magnet slot. The rotor core (5) has two rectangular magnetic steel slots symmetrically arranged in a "V" shape along the center line of the magnetic poles in the salient pole shoe. The rectangular magnetic steel slot on the left side of the two rectangular magnetic steel slots symmetrically arranged in a "V" shape along the center line of the magnetic poles is the second magnetic steel slot, and the rectangular magnetic steel slot on the right side of the two rectangular magnetic steel slots symmetrically arranged in a "V" shape along the center line of the magnetic poles is the third magnetic steel slot. A first rectangular neodymium iron boron permanent magnet (7) is installed in the second magnetic steel slot, and a second rectangular neodymium iron boron permanent magnet (14) is installed in the third magnetic steel slot. The outer sides of the second and third magnetic steel grooves are provided with a first magnetic isolation groove (12), a second magnetic isolation groove (6), a third magnetic isolation groove (13) and a fourth magnetic isolation groove (15). The first magnetic isolation groove (12), the second magnetic isolation groove (6), the third magnetic isolation groove (13) and the fourth magnetic isolation groove (15) are all arc-shaped magnetic isolation grooves. The first magnetic isolation groove (12) and the fourth magnetic isolation groove (15) are symmetrical along the magnetic pole center line and are in the shape of an "eight". The right end of the first magnetic isolation groove (12) is connected to the left end of the second magnetic steel groove, and the left end of the fourth magnetic isolation groove (15) is connected to the right end of the third magnetic steel groove. The second magnetic isolation groove (6) and the third magnetic isolation groove (13) are symmetrical along the magnetic pole center line and are in the shape of an "eight". The second magnetic isolation groove (6) is located in the middle of the tangential direction of the second magnetic steel groove, and the third magnetic isolation groove (13) is located in the middle of the tangential direction of the third magnetic steel groove. When installing the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, ferrite permanent magnet and excitation winding (8) on the rotor core (5), firstly, the first rectangular neodymium iron boron permanent magnet (7) and the second rectangular neodymium iron boron permanent magnet (14) are installed in the second magnet slot and the third magnet slot respectively according to the rotor magnetic pole polarity requirements. Then, the N pole excitation winding (8) is wound in the small end elliptical slot of the gourd-shaped excitation winding slot (16). Then, the S pole excitation winding (8) is wound in the large end elliptical slot of the gourd-shaped excitation winding slot (16). Finally, the ferrite permanent magnet is installed in the first magnet slot according to the rotor magnetic pole polarity requirements, thus completing the mechanized winding of the excitation winding (8) and the mechanized installation of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet and the ferrite permanent magnet.

2. The hybrid excitation motor of high-polymer magnetic reactivity saturated rare-earth permanent magnet and electromagnetic salient pole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the inner and outer ends of the first magnetic slot on the rotor core (5) is greater than the width of the inner and outer ends of the rectangular connecting slot, and the first magnetic slot is 1.5mm away from the outer circle of the rotor core (5).

3. The hybrid excitation motor of high-polymer magnetic reactivity saturated rare-earth permanent magnet and electromagnetic salient pole according to claim 1, characterized in that: A right-angled trapezoidal magnetic isolation air gap is provided at the right end of the second magnetic steel groove and the left end of the third magnetic steel groove. The right-angled sides of the two right-angled trapezoidal magnetic isolation air gaps are connected to the right end of the second magnetic steel groove and the left end of the third magnetic steel groove, respectively. The width of the right-angled sides of the two right-angled trapezoidal magnetic isolation air gaps is smaller than the width of the right end of the second magnetic steel groove and the width of the left end of the third magnetic steel groove, respectively. The middle of the two right-angled trapezoidal magnetic isolation air gaps is not connected, and the width of the unconnected part is 1.5mm.

4. The hybrid excitation motor of high-polymer magnetic reactivity saturated rare-earth permanent magnet and electromagnetic salient pole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the right end of the first magnetic isolation groove (12) is smaller than the width of the left end of the second magnetic groove, and the width of the left end of the fourth magnetic isolation groove (15) is smaller than the width of the right end of the third magnetic groove. The outer ends of the first magnetic isolation groove (12), the second magnetic isolation groove (6), the third magnetic isolation groove (13) and the fourth magnetic isolation groove (15) are all 1.5 mm away from the outer circle of the rotor core (5). The inner end of the second magnetic isolation groove (6) is 1 mm away from the outer end of the second magnetic groove, and the inner end of the third magnetic isolation groove (13) is 1 mm away from the outer end of the third magnetic groove.

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