Efficient internal combustion engine with multi-stage auxiliary air cylinder set

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat engines, and particularly relates to an efficient internal combustion engine with a multi-stage auxiliary air cylinder set. Comprising a main cylinder group, an auxiliary cylinder group and a gas common channel, the main cylinder group comprises a plurality of main cylinders with one or two air inlets, fuel is combusted in the main cylinders, and waste gas exhausted by the main cylinder group is utilized by the auxiliary cylinder group; the auxiliary air cylinder sets are arranged in a multi-stage mode, each stage of auxiliary air cylinder set comprises n auxiliary cylinders, and n is larger than or equal to 1. The auxiliary cylinder is an internal combustion engine type auxiliary cylinder of a two-way pushing piston type structure. And the gas public channel is communicated with the air inlet valves of the auxiliary cylinders at the same stage and supplies gas to the auxiliary cylinders. The multi-stage auxiliary cylinder set is used for doing work for multiple times, gas energy is almost completely utilized, the problem that waste gas takes away a large amount of energy is thoroughly solved, the efficiency and power of the internal combustion engine are greatly improved, the energy-saving and emission-reducing effects are good, the structure is compact, the power density is high, the application range is wide, and the auxiliary cylinders do not need an oil supply system or an ignition system. The structure is simple and easy to manufacture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of heat engine technology, and specifically relates to a high-efficiency internal combustion engine with a multi-stage auxiliary cylinder group. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of an internal combustion engine, the energy carried away by the combustion gas (exhaust gas) is the main part of the energy loss. Finding ways to utilize this energy is the core measure to improve fuel efficiency. In the existing technology, researchers have developed a variety of auxiliary cylinders that utilize the combustion gas (exhaust gas) discharged from the main cylinder of the internal combustion engine to do work, but all of them have significant drawbacks: either the exhaust gas utilization rate is too low, or the operating system is cumbersome, or it seriously affects the exhaust of the heat engine, resulting in poor practicality.

[0003] Currently, the existing auxiliary cylinders for internal combustion engines (patent number ZL201810384373.1) and steam engines (patent ZL2018103840517) can effectively utilize the exhaust gas from the main cylinder to do work, thus improving the power and efficiency of the internal combustion engine. However, the gas only does work once in the main cylinder and once in the auxiliary cylinder, and the distance for doing work is only increased to twice the original distance. The exhaust gas from the auxiliary cylinder still carries a large amount of energy, and the problem of fuel waste has not been effectively solved. Moreover, most existing auxiliary cylinders are unidirectional piston structures with low power density. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the defects and shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency internal combustion engine with a multi-stage auxiliary cylinder group, so as to solve the problem that the exhaust gas of the existing internal combustion engine still carries a lot of energy and wastes fuel, realize the near-complete utilization of gas energy, significantly improve the efficiency and power of the internal combustion engine, optimize emission quality, and have a compact structure, high power density and wide range of applications.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a high-efficiency internal combustion engine with multi-stage auxiliary cylinder banks, including a main cylinder bank, auxiliary cylinder banks, and a common gas passage; the main cylinder bank includes multiple main cylinders with air intake at one end or both ends, fuel is burned in the main cylinder bank, and the exhaust gas is utilized by the auxiliary cylinder banks; the main cylinder bank supplies gas to the auxiliary cylinder banks; the auxiliary cylinder banks are multi-stage, and adjacent auxiliary cylinder banks are connected through a common gas passage;

[0007] Each stage of the auxiliary cylinder group includes n auxiliary cylinders, where n is greater than or equal to 1; the auxiliary cylinder is an internal combustion engine auxiliary cylinder with a bidirectional piston structure, and the gas common passage is connected to the intake valve of each auxiliary cylinder in the same stage, and the gas common passage supplies gas to each auxiliary cylinder in the same stage.

[0008] The gas common channel is provided with at least one gas inlet pipe and at least one gas outlet pipe. The gas inlet pipe is connected to the exhaust valve of the positive cylinder or the exhaust valve of each auxiliary cylinder in the previous stage auxiliary cylinder group, and the gas outlet pipe is connected to the intake valve of each auxiliary cylinder in the current stage auxiliary cylinder group.

[0009] All the gas discharged from the main cylinder group enters the common gas channel through the gas inlet pipe, and then connects to the intake valves of all auxiliary cylinders in the first-stage auxiliary cylinder group through the gas outlet pipe, and enters the auxiliary cylinder through the auxiliary cylinder intake valve to push the piston to do work; in the multi-stage auxiliary cylinder group, the gas discharged from the previous stage auxiliary cylinder group enters the next stage auxiliary cylinder group through the next stage common gas channel to do work.

[0010] The cylinder head of the auxiliary cylinder is provided with at least one intake valve and at least one exhaust valve, and each intake valve is connected to the common gas passage.

[0011] The diameter of the auxiliary cylinders in the multi-stage auxiliary cylinder group decreases progressively with each stage; the overall mass of the auxiliary cylinders and connected components in the multi-stage auxiliary cylinder group decreases progressively with each stage.

[0012] The phase difference between the n auxiliary cylinders in the auxiliary cylinder group is 360° / n.

[0013] During the intake or power stroke, water or volatile liquid is sprayed into the auxiliary cylinder. The high temperature of the gas vaporizes the water or volatile liquid to increase the gas pressure and increase the power applied to the piston.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:

[0015] 1. High energy utilization rate, significantly improving the efficiency of internal combustion engines: This invention achieves near-complete utilization of gas energy, completely solving the problem of exhaust gas carrying away a large amount of energy in internal combustion engines. It can significantly improve the thermal efficiency and power of internal combustion engines, greatly reduce fuel consumption, and achieve significant energy saving and emission reduction effects.

[0016] 2. High power density and compact structure: The auxiliary cylinders all adopt a two-way push piston structure, and the running system is the same as the internal combustion engine running system. The power density is higher than that of the single-way push piston auxiliary cylinder. The overall structure is compact and lightweight, avoiding the problem of a bulky running system.

[0017] 3. Excellent emission quality: The fuel gas is continuously burned in the common gas passage and in each stage of auxiliary cylinders, burning off a large amount of harmful gases, significantly reducing harmful substances in the exhaust gas, and effectively improving the emission quality of the heat engine.

[0018] 4. Wide range of applications: This invention can be applied to various internal combustion engines; regardless of whether the internal combustion engine cylinder has a unidirectional or bidirectional piston-driven structure, this auxiliary cylinder group can be used to improve efficiency, power and emission quality, and has strong adaptability.

[0019] 5. Strong adaptability to operating conditions and convenient maintenance: The auxiliary cylinder group adopts a modular design, and individual cylinders can be removed for maintenance or replacement, which improves system reliability and maintenance convenience, and the number of auxiliary cylinder groups can be flexibly configured according to actual load requirements.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0023] In the attached diagram:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-efficiency internal combustion engine with a multi-stage auxiliary cylinder bank according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a certain stage auxiliary cylinder group in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Positive cylinder assembly; 2. Auxiliary cylinder; 3. Gas common passage; 4. Gas inlet pipe; 5. Gas outlet pipe; 6. First-stage auxiliary cylinder assembly; 7. Second-stage auxiliary cylinder assembly; 8. Nth-stage auxiliary cylinder assembly; 9. Hot engine exhaust pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] See Figures 1 to 2As shown, this invention provides a high-efficiency internal combustion engine with multi-stage auxiliary cylinder banks, including a main cylinder bank 1, auxiliary cylinder banks, and a common gas passage 3. The main cylinder bank 1 includes multiple main cylinders with one or both ends for air intake. Fuel is burned in the main cylinders, and the exhaust gas is utilized by the auxiliary cylinders. The main cylinder bank 1 supplies exhaust gas to the auxiliary cylinder banks. The auxiliary cylinder banks are multi-stage, i.e., the first-stage auxiliary cylinder bank 6, the second-stage auxiliary cylinder bank 7, ... up to the Nth-stage auxiliary cylinder bank 8 are connected in series. Each stage of the auxiliary cylinder bank includes n auxiliary cylinders 2, where n is greater than or equal to 1. The auxiliary cylinders 2 are bidirectional piston type auxiliary cylinders of internal combustion engines, with a higher power density than unidirectional piston auxiliary cylinders. The common gas passage 3 is connected to the intake valves at both ends of each auxiliary cylinder 2 in the same stage, and supplies air to each auxiliary cylinder 2 in the same stage.

[0030] Furthermore, the gas common passage 3 is provided with at least one gas inlet pipe 4 and at least one gas outlet pipe 5. The gas inlet pipe 4 is connected to the exhaust valve of the positive cylinder or the exhaust valve of each auxiliary cylinder 2 in the previous stage auxiliary cylinder group, and the gas outlet pipe 5 is connected to the intake valve of each auxiliary cylinder 2 in the next stage auxiliary cylinder group. The number of gas inlet pipes 4 and gas outlet pipes 5 depends on the number of positive cylinders and auxiliary cylinders supplying fuel gas and the convenience of fuel gas distribution. The gas discharged from the positive cylinder supplying fuel gas enters the first-stage gas common passage 3 through the gas inlet pipe 4, and then connects to the intake valves of all auxiliary cylinders 2 in the first-stage auxiliary cylinder group through the gas outlet pipe 5. The gas then enters the auxiliary cylinder 2 through the auxiliary cylinder intake valve to push the piston and perform work, allowing the fuel gas to continue pushing the piston and improving the efficiency, power, and emission quality of the internal combustion engine. In a multi-stage auxiliary cylinder group, the gas discharged from the previous stage auxiliary cylinder group enters the next stage auxiliary cylinder group through the next stage gas common passage 3 to perform work. The exhaust gas from the previous stage auxiliary cylinder bank is introduced into the next stage auxiliary cylinder bank, continuing to utilize the gas energy to drive the piston and do work. After multiple power operations, the gas energy is almost exhausted, greatly improving the efficiency and power of the internal combustion engine. The number of auxiliary cylinders 2 in each stage auxiliary cylinder bank can be equal or unequal.

[0031] Furthermore, the cylinder head of the auxiliary cylinder 2 is provided with at least one intake valve and at least one exhaust valve, and each intake valve is connected to the gas common passage 3.

[0032] Furthermore, because the temperature and pressure of the combustion gas in auxiliary cylinder 2 are lower than those in the main cylinder supplying the combustion gas or the previous stage auxiliary cylinder 2, the diameter of auxiliary cylinder 2 in the multi-stage auxiliary cylinder group decreases step by step; the overall mass of auxiliary cylinder 2 and its connected components in the multi-stage auxiliary cylinder group decreases step by step. Specifically, auxiliary cylinder 2 includes an auxiliary cylinder block, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, and crankshaft.

[0033] Furthermore, the phase difference between n auxiliary cylinders 2 in the same stage auxiliary cylinder bank is 360° / n. If the auxiliary cylinder bank consists of two auxiliary cylinders 2, the phase difference between the two auxiliary cylinders 2 is 180°. 0If the auxiliary cylinder bank consists of three auxiliary cylinders 2, and the phase difference between the three auxiliary cylinders 2 is 120°... 0 And so on, the phase difference between n auxiliary cylinders 2 is 360°. 0 / n.

[0034] Specifically, during the intake or power stroke, water or volatile liquid is injected into auxiliary cylinder 2 via fuel injection technology. The high temperature of the gas vaporizes the water or volatile liquid, increasing the gas pressure and thus the power applied to the piston, further increasing power. After performing one power stroke in the main cylinder, the combustion gas performs multiple more power strokes in auxiliary cylinder 2, almost completely utilizing its energy. This effectively solves the problem of the combustion gas carrying away a large amount of energy, significantly improving the efficiency and power of the internal combustion engine, and is particularly energy-saving. The continuous combustion of the combustion gas in auxiliary cylinder 2 burns away a large amount of harmful gases, greatly improving the quality of the exhaust gases.

[0035] In this invention, each auxiliary cylinder group in the multi-stage auxiliary cylinder bank can be removed individually for maintenance or replacement, improving system reliability and ease of maintenance. Furthermore, the number of auxiliary cylinder banks can be determined based on the internal combustion engine's speed, further optimizing energy consumption and output efficiency.

[0036] This invention provides an internal combustion engine with a multi-stage auxiliary cylinder bank. The specific working process is as follows: the combustion gas discharged from the main cylinder bank 1 (or the combustion gas discharged from the previous stage auxiliary cylinder bank) enters the gas common passage 3 through the gas inlet pipe 4, and then enters the auxiliary cylinder 2 through the gas outlet pipe 5 of the gas common passage 3 via the open intake valve. The combustion gas continues to drive the piston to do work. The combustion gas that has finished working in the auxiliary cylinder 2 is discharged through the open exhaust valve into the gas common passage 3 of the next stage auxiliary cylinder bank, and then enters the next stage auxiliary cylinder bank, where it continues to do work. This process continues until the combustion gas enters the Nth stage auxiliary cylinder bank 8 to continue doing work. The energy of the combustion gas is almost completely used up, and then it is discharged through the exhaust valves of each auxiliary cylinder 2 in the Nth stage auxiliary cylinder bank 8, and enters the atmosphere through the internal combustion engine exhaust pipe 9.

[0037] Power density is the primary performance indicator of an internal combustion engine. In this application, the auxiliary cylinders 2 in the multi-stage auxiliary cylinder bank are all bidirectional pistons, with a compact structure and a much higher power density than the unidirectional piston auxiliary cylinders, representing a significant improvement. The multi-stage bidirectional piston auxiliary cylinder bank can not only directly utilize the combustion gas (exhaust gas) but also almost completely utilize the energy of the combustion gas, improving efficiency and power, saving energy and reducing emissions, and has a wide range of applications.

[0038] In summary, the present invention provides a high-efficiency internal combustion engine with multi-stage auxiliary cylinder banks, which has the advantages of high power density and lightweight design; high fuel utilization rate; and improved emission quality. By rationally configuring the number of stages and cylinders in each auxiliary cylinder bank, extremely high fuel utilization rate is achieved, maximizing the efficiency and power of the internal combustion engine. The most prominent advantages are: firstly, it significantly improves the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine, both for gasoline and diesel engines; secondly, the operating system is lightweight, saving energy and reducing emissions; and thirdly, the auxiliary cylinders added compared to the original internal combustion engine do not require a fuel supply system or ignition system, making them simpler and easier to manufacture than the main cylinder structure.

[0039] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency internal combustion engine with a multi-stage auxiliary cylinder bank, characterized in that, It includes a main cylinder group (1), a secondary cylinder group, and a common gas passage (3); the main cylinder group (1) includes multiple main cylinders with air intake at one end or both ends, the fuel is burned in the main cylinder group, and the exhaust gas is used by the secondary cylinder group; the main cylinder group (1) supplies gas to the secondary cylinder group; the secondary cylinder group is multi-stage, and two adjacent secondary cylinder groups are connected by a common gas passage (3); Each stage of the auxiliary cylinder group includes n auxiliary cylinders (2), where n is greater than or equal to 1; the auxiliary cylinder (2) is an internal combustion engine auxiliary cylinder with a bidirectional piston structure, and the gas common passage (3) is connected to the intake valve of each auxiliary cylinder (2) of the same stage, and the gas common passage (3) supplies gas to each auxiliary cylinder (2) of the same stage.

2. The high-efficiency internal combustion engine with multi-stage auxiliary cylinder bank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas common passage (3) is provided with at least one gas inlet pipe (4) and at least one gas outlet pipe (5). The gas inlet pipe (4) is connected to the exhaust valve of the positive cylinder or the exhaust valve of each auxiliary cylinder (2) in the previous stage auxiliary cylinder group. The gas outlet pipe (5) is connected to the intake valve of each auxiliary cylinder (2) in the current stage auxiliary cylinder group.

3. The high-efficiency internal combustion engine with multi-stage auxiliary cylinder bank according to claim 2, characterized in that, All the gas discharged from the main cylinder group (1) enters the gas common channel (3) through the gas inlet pipe (4), and then is connected to the intake valve of all auxiliary cylinders (2) in the first-stage auxiliary cylinder group through the gas outlet pipe (5), and enters the auxiliary cylinder (2) through the auxiliary cylinder intake valve to push the piston to do work; in the multi-stage auxiliary cylinder group, the gas discharged from the previous stage auxiliary cylinder group enters the next stage auxiliary cylinder group to do work through the next stage gas common channel (3).

4. The high-efficiency internal combustion engine with multi-stage auxiliary cylinder bank according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cylinder head of the auxiliary cylinder (2) is provided with at least one intake valve and at least one exhaust valve, and each intake valve is connected to the gas common passage (3).

5. The high-efficiency internal combustion engine with multi-stage auxiliary cylinder bank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the auxiliary cylinder (2) in the multi-stage auxiliary cylinder group decreases step by step; the overall mass of the auxiliary cylinder (2) and connected components in the multi-stage auxiliary cylinder group decreases step by step.

6. The high-efficiency internal combustion engine with multi-stage auxiliary cylinder bank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase difference between the n auxiliary cylinders (2) in the auxiliary cylinder group is 360° / n.

7. The high-efficiency internal combustion engine with multi-stage auxiliary cylinder bank according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the intake or power stroke, water or volatile liquid is sprayed into the auxiliary cylinder (2). The water or volatile liquid is vaporized by the high temperature of the gas to increase the gas pressure and increase the power applied to the piston.

Images