Water supply plant sedimentation tank floc recycling system and method and composite carrier material

Abstract

The invention discloses a water supply plant sedimentation tank floc recycling system and method and a composite carrier material, and belongs to the technical field of water supply plant water treatment. The system comprises a monitoring regulation and control module which is used for collecting floc state data of a sedimentation tank in real time and outputting a control signal according to the floc state data; the composite carrier material supply module is used for adding a composite carrier material into the floc activation reactor according to the control signal; the floc backflow mechanism is used for adjusting recycled floc entering the floc activation reactor according to the control signal; and the floc activation reactor is used for receiving the composite carrier material and the recycled floc and carrying out three-stage activation treatment under the action of an internal flow field to obtain regenerated floc. Solid waste recycling is achieved through floc recycling, and the sludge discharge amount is reduced; and the monitoring regulation and control module combines fuzzy PID with an LSTM model, accurately matches processing requirements, and improves operation stability. According to the invention, the technical problem of floc recycling and reusing is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, and in particular to a system, method, and composite carrier material for reusing flocs in sedimentation tanks of water plants. Background Technology

[0002] In water treatment processes, low-turbidity water bodies with raw water turbidity below 10 NTU (such as reservoir water and deep groundwater) present significant challenges to traditional flocculation processes due to their low colloidal particle concentration, small specific surface area, and high Zeta potential. These challenges include strong colloidal stability, limited floc growth, and imbalanced reagent dosage. Firstly, Brownian motion dominates in low-turbidity water, and electrostatic repulsion between charged colloids hinders effective collisions, making it difficult for conventional aluminum / iron salt coagulants to form stable adsorption bridges. Simultaneously, the low concentration of suspended particles results in insufficient flocculants, leading to low density and poor settling performance of the resulting micro-flocs, making it easy for the turbidity of the sedimentation tank effluent to exceed standards. Secondly, to compensate for the flocculation effect, water plants often overdose coagulants, increasing water treatment costs and causing secondary risks such as excessive residual aluminum ions and accelerated pipe corrosion.

[0003] To address the above issues, the current improvement technologies for flocculation of low-turbidity water mainly include three categories: (1) Chemical enhancement method, which enhances charge neutralization and adsorption bridging capabilities by adding coagulant aids, composite coagulants or pH adjusters. However, this method has problems such as sensitivity to drug compatibility and the risk of organic residue, and cannot solve the fundamental defect of loose floc structure; (2) Physical enhancement method, which uses micro-sand loading, magnetic separation or ultrasonic pretreatment to promote floc aggregation by introducing external particles or energy input. Although this technology can shorten the flocculation time, the equipment modification cost is high and the operation and maintenance are complex, making it difficult to promote in traditional water plants; (3) Biological / carrier enhancement method, which uses biological flocculants or porous carrier materials (such as zeolite, activated carbon) to construct floc growth carriers. However, this method has bottlenecks such as long bacterial acclimatization period and poor low-temperature adaptability, while static carrier materials are prone to saturation and caking, requiring frequent backwashing.

[0004] However, the current technology is applied rather crudely, often resulting in floc overload during high turbidity periods and insufficient return flow during low turbidity periods. At the same time, the carrier function is singular, relying only on the physical adsorption of the return flocs and lacking chemical modification and structural enhancement of the active sites on the floc surface. Secondly, the poor system adaptability leads to easy blockage of traditional return pipelines, and it has not formed a synergistic control with the existing dosing system, resulting in insufficient stability in actual operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a floc reuse system, method, and composite carrier material for sedimentation tanks in water treatment plants, aiming to solve the problem of floc placement in existing technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a floc reuse system for a sedimentation tank in a water treatment plant, characterized in that the system comprises: a monitoring and control module for real-time acquisition of floc state data in the sedimentation tank and outputting a control signal based on the floc state data; a composite carrier material supply module for adding composite carrier material into a floc activation reactor according to the control signal; a floc reflux mechanism for adjusting the reused flocs entering the floc activation reactor according to the control signal; and a floc activation reactor for receiving the composite carrier material and the reused flocs, and performing a three-stage activation treatment under the action of an internal flow field to obtain regenerated flocs.

[0007] Secondly, this application provides a method for reusing flocs in a sedimentation tank of a water treatment plant, applied to the aforementioned system, comprising: real-time acquisition of floc state data in the sedimentation tank; calculation of a control signal based on the floc state data using a fuzzy PID algorithm; control of the floc reflux mechanism according to the control signal to adjust the amount of reused flocs entering the floc activation reactor; control of the addition of composite carrier material to the composite carrier material supply module according to the control signal; three-stage activation treatment of the reused flocs through the floc activation reactor to obtain regenerated flocs; and re-introduction of the regenerated flocs into the reaction zone of the sedimentation tank.

[0008] Thirdly, this application provides a composite carrier material, which is Fe3O4@attapulgite-chitosan, comprising: a core-shell magnetic carrier, a three-dimensional mesoporous network, and a functional coating; the core-shell magnetic carrier comprises Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles as the core and a SiO2 mesoporous layer coated on the surface; the three-dimensional mesoporous network is formed by grafting attapulgite clay onto the surface of the SiO2 mesoporous layer; the functional coating is formed by loading quaternized chitosan onto the surface of the three-dimensional mesoporous network through electrostatic self-assembly.

[0009] Through the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: solid waste resource utilization is achieved through floc reuse, reducing sludge discharge; the monitoring and control module combines fuzzy PID and LSTM models to accurately match processing requirements and improve operational stability. The attapulgite-chitosan carrier enhances the floc activation effect, and the three-stage treatment of the cyclone reactor ensures the performance of the regenerated flocs. After reflux, it can enhance the flocculation efficiency of the sedimentation tank and improve the quality of the effluent. Magnetic separation enables efficient carrier recovery, reduces the amount of reagents added and operating costs, and has both environmental and economic benefits, making it suitable for large-scale application in water supply plants. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a sedimentation tank floc reuse system for a water supply plant provided in this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another floc reuse system for sedimentation tanks in water supply plants provided in this application; Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method for reusing flocs in a sedimentation tank of a water treatment plant, provided in this application. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in this application; The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0012] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the application. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0013] The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention are described in conjunction with the appendix below. Figure 1-4 The detailed description of the embodiments will make this clear. All structural details mentioned in the following embodiments are based on the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a floc reuse system for sedimentation tanks in a water treatment plant is provided, comprising: The monitoring and control module is used to collect floc state data in the sedimentation tank in real time and output control signals based on the floc state data; A composite carrier material supply module is used to add composite carrier material into the floc activation reactor according to the control signal; A floc reflux mechanism is used to adjust the recycled flocs entering the floc activation reactor according to the control signal; The floc activation reactor is used to receive the composite carrier material and the recycled flocs, and to carry out a three-stage activation treatment under the action of the internal flow field to obtain regenerated flocs.

[0016] The monitoring and control module is used for the core sensing and feedback control of the system, aiming to construct a closed-loop control system for the sedimentation tank's operating status. Through deployed sensors, it captures and quantifies key state parameters characterizing floc settling performance and surface electrochemical properties in real time, enabling online analysis of the physicochemical properties of the reaction system. Based on the real-time parameter feedback, the module's internal computational logic dynamically analyzes deviations from the current operating conditions, generating feedback control signals that include flow regulation and material dosing commands. This maintains the system's dynamic balance under varying load conditions, ensuring that the input parameters of subsequent process units are within the optimal process control range.

[0017] The composite carrier material supply module, acting as the execution unit for adding the composite carrier material, is responsible for responding to the decision commands of the monitoring and control module and establishing a dynamic coupling mechanism between the composite carrier material and the recycling system. Based on the received control signals, this module precisely measures and dynamically adjusts the addition flux of the composite carrier material, achieving a feed strategy of on-demand allocation. Its purpose is to introduce an exogenous medium with specific surface energy and framework functions into the reaction system to compensate for insufficient colloid concentration in the raw water, providing a material basis and nucleus support for subsequent floc adsorption, cross-linking, and density enhancement.

[0018] The floc recirculation mechanism, serving as the system's hydraulic transport and flow regulation hub, controls the recirculation ratio of activated sludge through an adjustable power unit. Its main function is to divert and intercept the flocs at the bottom of the sedimentation tank according to control signals, controlling the amount of reusable flocs entering the floc activation reactor. By optimizing the hydraulic load of the recirculation path, this mechanism balances the relationship between sludge reduction and resource utilization, ensuring a stable and controllable seed sludge source for the upstream process section under different raw water turbidity loads. This prevents hydraulic disturbance caused by excessive recirculation or insufficient reaction power caused by insufficient recirculation.

[0019] The floc activation reactor, designed as a physicochemical modification vessel based on hydrodynamic effects, is a key process unit for achieving floc regeneration and carrier loading. Its internal structure is designed to create a specific turbulent shear field and multiphase contact environment. Through hydrodynamic action, controlled shear stress is applied to the incoming aged flocs, disrupting the saturated adsorption equilibrium layer on their surface and exposing internal active sites. Simultaneously, driven by the internal flow field, the reactor promotes high-frequency interfacial collisions and electrical neutralization between the composite carrier material and the broken micro-flocs, sequentially completing a three-stage activation process of deconstruction, grafting, and recombination, ultimately outputting modified flocs with a dense structure and regenerated surface free energy.

[0020] It is readily apparent that, compared to existing technologies, this system, through precise sensing and decision-making of flocculation micro-parameters by the monitoring and control module, coupled with the enhanced medium provided by the composite carrier material supply module and the dynamic regulation of the floc reflux mechanism, achieves the active regeneration of aged flocs from deconstruction and breakup to load recombination within the unique fluid dynamics environment of the floc activation reactor. By constructing a core induction-electro-restructuring coupling mechanism, this system significantly improves the collision probability and adsorption bridging efficiency in the low-turbidity water treatment process. While drastically shortening the flocculation hydraulic retention time, it also achieves a high degree of simplification in reagent dosage and a steady-state improvement in effluent quality.

[0021] In one specific embodiment, the monitoring and control module includes: The floc state data includes the turbidity value and Zeta potential value of the flocs; Monitoring points for the inlet zone, reaction zone, and outlet zone are set sequentially along the water flow direction of the sedimentation tank. Each monitoring point is equipped with a turbidity sensor and a Zeta potential sensor.

[0022] In water treatment, flocculation of low-temperature, low-turbidity water is required in sedimentation tanks. Due to the weak Brownian motion and strong electrostatic repulsion of colloidal particles, a single monitoring parameter or monitoring point cannot comprehensively reflect the floc growth state. Monitoring turbidity alone cannot capture stability issues caused by changes in colloidal potential, and monitoring only a single area cannot promptly detect abnormal floc growth during the reaction process. Therefore, turbidity and Zeta potential are selected as dual parameters for real-time monitoring of floc status. Turbidity directly reflects the scale of floc aggregation and settling performance, serving as a direct indicator of flocculation effectiveness. Zeta potential directly characterizes the surface charge state of colloidal particles and is a key factor determining whether colloids are prone to aggregation. The synergistic acquisition of these two parameters comprehensively covers information on floc morphology and colloidal stability.

[0023] Three levels of monitoring points are set up in the influent zone, reaction zone, and effluent zone. The influent zone monitors the initial state of the raw water, providing a basis for setting control signal benchmarks; the reaction zone monitors the dynamic growth of flocs, which is the core node for timely adjustment of control parameters; and the effluent zone monitors the final flocculation effect, forming a closed-loop feedback of the entire chain from source to process to result, avoiding the control lag caused by a single monitoring point.

[0024] In one specific embodiment, the monitoring and control module includes: A fuzzy PID control model is used, with the turbidity threshold range set to 2~8 NTU and the Zeta potential threshold range set to -15 mV to -5 mV. A flocculation state evaluation matrix is ​​established through the membership function, and the control signal is output. The predictive compensation model uses an LSTM neural network to dynamically correct the control signal based on historical operating parameters. The control signals include floc reflux control signal, carrier addition control signal, and floc addition control signal.

[0025] The fuzzy PID control model integrates the nonlinear reasoning capability of fuzzy logic with the precise adjustment characteristics of PID control to achieve adaptive control based on the turbidity-Zeta potential dual parameters. This model specifically comprises four core components: a fuzzification interface, a flocculation state evaluation matrix (rule base), a fuzzy inference engine, and a defuzzification interface.

[0026] The purpose of the fuzzification interface is to convert the two precise monitored values, turbidity (T) and Zeta potential (Z), into fuzzy quantities (fuzzy subsets) that can be processed by fuzzy logic. The specific division is as follows: For fuzzification of turbidity (T), the turbidity threshold range is set to 2~8 NTU (core control range). Based on the actual water quality fluctuation range, three fuzzy subsets are further defined: low (L), medium (M), and high (H). Triangular membership functions are used, and the expressions and parameters of the membership functions for each subset are as follows: Low (L): μ_L(T)=[(4-T) / (4-0)], when T∈[0,4]NTU; μ_L(T)=0, when T>4NTU (covering low turbidity states below the lower limit of the control threshold).

[0027] In the middle (M): μ_M(T)=[(T-3) / (7-3)], when T∈[3,7]NTU; μ_M(T)=1-[(T-7) / (7-3)], when T∈[7,10]NTU (covering the core control interval of 2~8NTU).

[0028] High (H): μ_H(T)=[(T-6) / (10-6)], when T∈[6,10]NTU; μ_H(T)=1, when T>10NTU (covering high turbidity fluctuation states above the upper limit of the control threshold).

[0029] The fuzzification of the Zeta potential (Z) is performed, setting the Zeta potential threshold range to -15 to -5 mV. Based on the original water potential characteristics, three fuzzy subsets are defined: negative strong (NS), negative medium (NM), and negative weak (NW). A trapezoidal membership function is used, and the membership function expressions and parameters for each subset are as follows: Negative strength (NS): μ_NS(Z)=1, when Z∈[-20,-12]mV; μ_NS(Z)=[(-12-Z) / (-12+15)], when Z∈[-15,-12]mV; μ_NS(Z)=0, when Z>-15mV (corresponding to a state of strong colloidal stability and the need for enhanced flocculation); Negative Midpoint (NM): μ_NM(Z)=[(Z+15) / (-12+15)], when Z∈[-15,-12]mV; μ_NM(Z)=1, when Z∈[-12,-8]mV; μ_NM(Z)=[(-8-Z) / (-8+10)], when Z∈[-8,-10]mV (completely covers the core control interval of -15~-5mV); Negative weak (NW): μ_NW(Z)=[(Z+10) / (-5+10)], when Z∈[-10,-5]mV; μ_NW(Z)=1, when Z>-5mV (corresponding to the state where the colloid is close to charge neutralization equilibrium and the flocculation effect is good).

[0030] The flocculation state evaluation matrix is ​​the core rule of the fuzzy PID control model. By cross-combining the fuzzy subsets of turbidity and Zeta potential through the membership function, the control strategy (i.e. the fuzzy quantity of the output control signal) under different flocculation states is defined.

[0031] The matrix dimensions and state definitions are as follows: the matrix is ​​3×3 (3 fuzzy subsets of turbidity × 3 fuzzy subsets of Zeta potential), with a total of 9 core flocculation states. Each state corresponds to a unique control rule. The matrix forms include: L\NS: low turbidity + strong stability; L\NM: low turbidity + semi-stable; L\NW: low turbidity + near equilibrium; M\NS: medium turbidity + strong stability; M\NM: medium turbidity + semi-stable; M\NW: medium turbidity + near equilibrium; L\NS: high turbidity + strong stability; L\NM: high turbidity + semi-stable; L\NW: high turbidity + near equilibrium.

[0032] The output control signals include three types: floc recirculation control signal (R, fuzzy subset: low recirculation Lr, medium recirculation Mr, high recirculation Hr), carrier addition control signal (C, fuzzy subset: low addition Lc, medium addition Mc, high addition Hc), and floc addition control signal (F, fuzzy subset: low addition Lf, medium addition Mf, high addition Hf).

[0033] The fuzzy inference engine uses the maximum membership principle for inference. That is, it first calculates the maximum membership degree of the real-time monitoring value to each fuzzy subset through the membership function to determine the current flocculation state, and then calls the control rule corresponding to the state to output the fuzzy quantity of the control signal.

[0034] The defuzzy interface uses the centroid method to convert the fuzzy values ​​of the control signals obtained from inference into precise values ​​that can drive the actuators. The specific conversion ranges are as follows: Floc reflux control signal (R): the precise value is the reflux ratio (0-15%), corresponding to the fuzzy subsets: Lr→0-5%, Mr→5-10%, Hr→10-15%; Carrier dosing control signal (C): the precise value is the dosing amount (5-50 mg / L), corresponding to the fuzzy subsets: Lc→5-20 mg / L, Mc→20-35 mg / L, Hc→35-50 mg / L; Floc dosing control signal (F): the precise value is the dosing amount (10-50 mg / L), corresponding to the fuzzy subsets: Lf→10-25 mg / L, Mf→25-35 mg / L, Hf→35-50 mg / L.

[0035] The parameter settings, model composition, and algorithm selection involved in the above monitoring and control module are not specifically limited and can be flexibly adjusted according to the water quality characteristics, treatment scale, and operational requirements of the actual application scenario.

[0036] In one specific embodiment, the system further includes: The variable frequency screw pump installed in the floc reflux mechanism is used to control the reflux ratio of the reused flocs according to the floc reflux control signal. The loss-in-weight feeder installed in the composite carrier material supply module is used to control the amount of composite carrier material added according to the carrier addition control signal. A floc dosing pump, located between the floc activation reactor and the sedimentation tank reaction zone, is used to control the amount of regenerated flocs added according to the floc dosing control signal.

[0037] A return pipeline is installed between the floc return mechanism, the floc activation reactor, and the sedimentation tank. Specifically, this includes a reused floc conveying line. One end of the return pipeline connects to the sludge discharge area of ​​the sedimentation tank to collect the flocs to be activated separated within the sedimentation tank. The floc return mechanism is connected in series in the middle of the pipeline to obtain the power for floc conveying. The other end of the pipeline is directly connected to the feed port of the floc activation reactor, enabling the directional introduction of reused flocs from the sedimentation tank to the reactor. A regenerated floc conveying link connects one end of the pipeline to the discharge port of the floc activation reactor, receiving the regenerated flocs after shearing, crushing, carrier loading, and activation regeneration. Along the pipeline, a floc dosing pump is used to drive the regenerated floc conveying. The other end of the pipeline extends to the reaction zone water distribution area of ​​the sedimentation tank, ensuring that the regenerated flocs can be evenly incorporated into the raw water of the sedimentation tank. After the reactor discharges, the regenerated flocs are reintroduced into the sedimentation tank for reuse.

[0038] The variable frequency screw pump in the floc recirculation mechanism, connected in series in the floc recirculation pipeline, is the core actuator for the floc recirculation control signal. After receiving the floc recirculation control signal from the monitoring and control module in real time, it dynamically adjusts the speed of the pump drive motor through variable frequency control technology, thereby changing the conveying rate of the screw inside the pump. This ultimately achieves precise control of the recirculated floc flow rate to match the floc recirculation ratio requirements under different water quality conditions. Simultaneously, the screw pump's structural characteristics are adapted to the viscous medium properties of flocs, effectively preventing floc deposition or pipeline blockage during transport and ensuring a stable supply of recirculated flocs. In addition to variable frequency screw pumps, other conveying equipment with precise variable frequency speed regulation functions, such as variable frequency gear pumps, variable frequency single screw pumps, variable frequency twin screw pumps, variable frequency diaphragm pumps, or variable frequency rotor pumps, can also be used. These types of equipment must meet the core requirements of being adaptable to viscous floc media, anti-adhesion and anti-clogging, and having rapid flow regulation response. They can accurately adjust the conveying flow rate of recycled flocs according to the floc return control signal, thereby achieving stable control of the return ratio. Their core functions are equivalent to those of variable frequency screw pumps.

[0039] The loss-in-weight feeder of the composite carrier material supply module connects the composite carrier storage device and the feeding pipeline, specifically responding to the carrier feeding control signal. By sensing the weight change of the composite carrier material in the hopper in real time and combining it with the feeding requirements set by the control signal, it automatically adjusts the operating speed of the discharge mechanism to achieve continuous and uniform feeding of the carrier material. For potential carrier adhesion or bridging, the equipment can automatically compensate for feeding deviations through weight change feedback, ensuring that the carrier feeding amount is consistent with the control signal requirements and guaranteeing the efficient composite effect of the composite carrier and recycled flocs. In addition to the loss-in-weight feeder, other equipment with continuous and uniform feeding and precise metering functions, such as variable frequency screw feeders, carrier feeding pumps, weighing belt feeders, vibratory feeders (equipped with high-precision weighing sensors), volumetric metering feeders, or screw metering feeders, can also be used. These devices must meet the core requirements of being compatible with composite carriers, having a signal-adjustable feeding rate, and automatically compensating for feeding deviations. They must be able to precisely control the feeding amount of composite carrier material according to the carrier feeding control signal; their core functions are equivalent to those of the loss-in-weight feeder.

[0040] The floc dosing pump is located in the connecting pipeline between the discharge end of the cyclone floc activation reactor and the reaction zone of the sedimentation tank, and is responsible for controlling the addition of regenerated flocs. By adjusting the pump's output intensity, the amount of regenerated flocs added is controlled. Simultaneously, utilizing the pump's transport characteristics, the regenerated flocs are uniformly mixed with the raw water before entering the sedimentation tank reaction zone, creating conditions for sufficient contact and adsorption between the regenerated flocs and the colloidal particles in the raw water. The pump's structural design is adapted to the physical characteristics of the regenerated flocs, preventing floc deposition within the pump and ensuring the stability and continuity of the dosing process.

[0041] In one specific embodiment, the floc activation reactor is a cyclone floc activation reactor, comprising: The main material of the floc activation reactor is a vertical cylindrical reactor with a tangential inlet at the top and a conical separation chamber at the bottom. The floc activation reactor is internally equipped with a three-stage activation unit, including: a primary crushing zone with a spiral guide plate; a carrier loading zone with a porous aeration ring; and a regeneration enhancement zone with an ultrasonic transducer. The floc activation reactor is equipped with a magnetic separation device, which consists of a permanent magnet array and a sludge scraping mechanism.

[0042] The main body of the cyclone floc activation reactor uses a vertical cylinder as the basic support unit to construct a stable cyclone reaction space. The vertical design facilitates gravity-assisted material settling and separation, while the cylindrical structure avoids dead zones in the water flow, ensuring a uniform distribution of the cyclone field. This provides a stable environmental support for the continuous operation of the three-stage activation unit, while also adapting to the installation layout requirements of water plant structures, balancing space utilization and operational convenience. The top tangential inlet introduces the material to be treated and creates the cyclone field. Reclaimed flocs enter the reactor simultaneously through this inlet. Because the inlet direction is parallel to the tangent of the reactor's inner wall, the material forms a high-speed rotating flow field along the wall surface. This not only provides the driving force for the shearing action in the subsequent primary crushing zone but also allows for the initial mixing of the flocs and the carrier. The bottom conical separation chamber serves as a material collection and solid-liquid pre-separation chamber. The conical structure utilizes the principle of gravity sedimentation to cause the regenerated flocs and carrier-floc complexes, which have undergone three-stage activation treatment, to converge at the bottom, while separating out some free water. The sludge discharge port at the bottom can discharge unrecoverable impurities and sludge, while the carrier recovery interface provides a channel for the carrier to be discharged after magnetic separation, thus achieving the initial separation of useful materials and impurities.

[0043] The three-stage activation units work sequentially and collaboratively along the water flow direction to gradually activate the flocs and integrate them with the carrier. The functions of each unit are as follows: The primary breaking zone (including the spiral guide plate) is used to break down the passivation layer of aged flocs. The spiral guide plate, in conjunction with the swirling flow field, guides and obstructs the water flow, enhancing the shearing effect of the flow field and generating stable mechanical shear force. This shear force can break down the originally larger aged flocs, whose surface active sites are covered by the passivation layer, into smaller floc particles, exposing fresh internal active sites and creating conditions for the efficient integration of the subsequent carrier and flocs. The carrier loading zone (including a porous aeration ring) is used to achieve thorough mixing and firm bonding between the flocs and the composite carrier. The porous aeration ring can introduce microbubbles into the water, which on the one hand ensures that the broken flocs and composite carrier are evenly dispersed under the agitation of the bubbles, avoiding local aggregation and prolonging the contact time between the two; on the other hand, the gentle agitation generated by aeration can promote the full interaction between the functional groups (such as quaternized groups and mesoporous structures) on the surface of the composite carrier and the active sites of the flocs, forming a stable carrier-floc complex, while maintaining a suitable reaction environment to ensure efficient loading reaction. The regeneration enhancement zone (including an ultrasonic transducer) is used to activate the floc activity and enhance the carrier bonding stability. The high-frequency vibration energy generated by the ultrasonic transducer, through cavitation effect and vibration, on the one hand activates the activity of hydroxyl polymers inside the flocs, improving the adsorption bridging and charge neutralization capacity of the flocs; on the other hand, it can further strengthen the bonding strength between the composite carrier and the flocs, preventing the carrier from falling off during subsequent transportation and flocculation, ensuring that the regenerated flocs have a continuous and stable flocculation promoting effect.

[0044] The core function of the magnetic separation device is to achieve efficient recovery and recycling of composite carriers. The functions of each component are as follows: The permanent magnet array separates the carrier using magnetic adsorption. Because the composite carrier contains Fe3O4 magnetic nanonuclei, when the carrier-floc composite flows through the conical separation chamber, the stable magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet array exerts a magnetic attraction on the carrier, adsorbing it onto the inner wall of the separation chamber. This achieves the separation of the carrier from the regenerated flocs and water, laying the foundation for carrier recovery. The sludge scraping mechanism mainly collects and removes the adsorbed carrier for recycling. When a certain amount of carrier is adsorbed on the inner wall of the separation chamber, the sludge scraping mechanism, through mechanical rotation, scrapes the adsorbed carrier material from the wall to the recycling interface at the bottom of the separation chamber. This allows the carrier to be removed, regenerated, and recycled, significantly improving carrier utilization and reducing system operating costs.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, the floc activation reactor includes: The vertical cylindrical reactor has a height-to-diameter ratio of 3:1; the flow velocity at the tangential inlet is 1.5~3.0 m / s; and the cone angle of the conical separation chamber is 60°. The spiral guide plate has an inclination angle of 45°, generating a shear rate of 200-500 s. 1; The porous aeration ring has a pore size of 0.5 mm and an aeration intensity of 2-5 L / min; The ultrasonic transducer has a frequency of 28 kHz and a power density of 0.3 W / cm3; The magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet array is 0.3~0.5T.

[0046] It should be clarified that none of the specific parameters mentioned above constitute a specific limitation on the present invention, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the water quality characteristics, treatment scale, equipment installation space, and control precision requirements of the actual application scenario. Furthermore, any adjustment scheme that adopts functions equivalent to the above parameters, as long as its core purpose is consistent with the present invention, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] In one specific embodiment, the composite carrier material is @Aopotamoid-chitosan, including: core-shell structured magnetic carrier, three-dimensional mesoporous network and functional coating; The core-shell structured magnetic carrier includes a core that is Magnetic nanoparticles, surface coated Mesoporous layer; The three-dimensional mesoporous network is grafted from attapulgite onto the [structure / structure]. Mesoporous layer surface formation; The functional coating is formed by loading quaternized chitosan onto the surface of the three-dimensional mesoporous network via electrostatic self-assembly.

[0048] Fe3O4@attapulgite-chitosan composite carrier material, through its core-shell structured magnetic carrier, three-dimensional mesoporous network, and functional coating, allows each component to work synergistically to solve the problems of low floc density, weak charge neutralization capacity, insufficient adsorption sites, and difficulty in carrier recovery in low-turbidity water flocculation.

[0049] The core-shell magnetic carrier serves as the core framework of the composite carrier, and the functions of its components are as follows: Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (core) act as the magnetic core of the carrier, imparting strong magnetic response characteristics to the composite carrier. This allows the carrier to be rapidly adsorbed and separated under the magnetic field force of the magnetic separation device, achieving a high efficiency of over 95% recovery and recycling, avoiding increased costs and secondary pollution caused by carrier loss. Simultaneously, the high density of Fe3O4 nanoparticles significantly improves the overall density of the flocs, solving the problem of poor sedimentation performance of micro-flocs in low-turbidity water and accelerating floc sedimentation and separation. The SiO2 mesoporous layer (coating layer) tightly coats the surface of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles. On one hand, it provides physical protection, preventing the Fe3O4 particles from being oxidized and corroded in the aquatic environment, ensuring the magnetic stability and service life of the carrier. On the other hand, the SiO2 mesoporous layer itself possesses abundant mesoporous structures, providing initial adsorption sites and laying the structural foundation for subsequent grafting of attapulgite and adsorption of pollutants.

[0050] The three-dimensional mesoporous network, formed by grafting attapulgite onto the surface of the SiO2 mesoporous layer, is a key unit for the adsorption-enhancing structural support of the carrier. Attapulgite itself has a natural layered mesoporous structure and a high specific surface area. The three-dimensional mesoporous network formed after grafting can further expand the specific surface area of ​​the composite carrier (≥350 m² / g), providing a large number of continuously available adsorption sites. It can efficiently adsorb colloidal particles, pollutants, and coagulant hydrolysis products in low-turbidity water, and enhance the adsorption bridging effect. The spatial skeleton structure of the three-dimensional mesoporous network can improve the mechanical strength and dispersion stability of the composite carrier, prevent the carrier from agglomerating or collapsing under shearing, aeration, and other conditions, and ensure full contact and bonding between the carrier and flocs.

[0051] The functional coating is formed by electrostatic self-assembly of quaternized chitosan, serving as the core functional layer for carrier charge neutralization, reinforcement, and stable bonding. After quaternization modification, chitosan carries a large number of positive charges on its surface (Zeta potential +25mV to +35mV), which can specifically neutralize the negative potential (Zeta potential -15~-5mV) of low-turbidity colloidal particles, reducing the electrostatic repulsion between colloidal particles, disrupting colloidal stability, and promoting rapid aggregation of colloidal particles, thus solving the problem of insufficient charge neutralization capacity of traditional coagulants. The hydroxyl and amino groups on the chitosan molecular chain form strong interactions with the active groups on the surface of the three-dimensional mesoporous network, and are firmly loaded onto the carrier surface through electrostatic self-assembly, forming a stable functional coating. At the same time, the biocompatibility and hydrophilicity of chitosan can enhance the affinity between the carrier and flocs, promote the firm binding of the carrier and floc surface active sites, prevent the carrier from falling off during floc transport and flocculation, and ensure the continuity of flocculation enhancement effect.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the composite carrier material includes: The core of the core-shell magnetic carrier has a particle size of 50-100 nm. Magnetic nanoparticles, with a surface coating of 10-20 nm thickness. Mesoporous layer; The three-dimensional mesoporous network is grafted from attapulgite clay via a silane coupling agent onto the [structure / material]. Mesoporous layer surface is formed, wherein the attapulgite soil and The mass ratio is 1:3, and the resulting mesoporous network has a pore size of 2~10nm; The thickness of the functional coating is 200~500nm, and the degree of quaternization substitution of the chitosan is ≥85%; The composite carrier material has an overall specific surface area ≥350m² / g, a saturation magnetization ≥45 emu / g, and its surface Zeta potential is in the range of +25mV to +35mV.

[0053] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2The floc reuse system in a sedimentation tank of a water treatment plant, as shown, consists of a raw water tank, a pipeline mixing unit, a sedimentation tank, a cyclone floc activation reactor, a carrier supply unit, and a PID algorithm control module working together. The specific operation process is as follows: Raw water is temporarily stored in a raw water tank equipped with a turbidity-Zeta potential coupled sensor (signal acquisition terminal) to collect initial turbidity and Zeta potential data in real time. These parameters are then transmitted to the PID algorithm control module, providing a basis for subsequent control strategy output. The raw water then enters the pipeline mixing unit via the raw water tank outlet pipe, awaiting mixing with the regenerated flocs. The reused flocs deposited at the bottom of the sedimentation tank are transported to a cyclone floc activation reactor via a floc return pump. Simultaneously, the Fe3O4@attapulgite-chitosan composite carrier in the carrier storage tank is quantitatively fed into the activation reactor via a carrier dosing pump, where it undergoes initial mixing with the reused flocs within the reactor. After receiving the material, the cyclone floc activation reactor sequentially completes the shearing and crushing of the reused flocs (exposing active sites), loading and bonding of the composite carrier (integration of charge neutralization and adsorption functions), and floc regeneration through an internal three-stage activation unit (primary crushing zone, carrier loading zone, and regeneration enhancement zone), ultimately forming highly active new flocs. During the process, the PID algorithm control module sends control signals in real time to the floc reflux pump, carrier addition pump, and new floc addition pump. The activated new flocs are transported to the pipeline mixing unit by the new floc addition pump, where they are fully mixed with the water from the raw water tank, performing adsorption filtration on the raw water. The mixture enters the sedimentation tank to complete mud-water separation, and the supernatant is discharged as qualified effluent. The sedimentation tank is also equipped with a turbidity-Zeta potential coupled sensor to monitor the effluent water quality in real time and transmit the data back to the PID algorithm control module. The reused flocs at the bottom of the sedimentation tank are continuously sent back to the activation reactor by the floc reflux pump, forming a floc circulation loop. The PID algorithm control module integrates the water quality signals of raw water and effluent, as well as the reactor operating status signals. Through fuzzy PID logic operation, it outputs control signals to adjust the reflux ratio of the floc return pump, the carrier addition amount of the carrier addition pump, and the addition amount of the new floc addition pump, respectively, to achieve closed-loop control of water quality fluctuations and parameter adaptation, ensuring stable system operation.

[0054] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a method for reusing flocs in a sedimentation tank of a water treatment plant. The solution provided by this method is similar to the solution described in the above system. Therefore, the specific limitations in one or more method embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0055] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a method for reusing flocs in a sedimentation tank of a water treatment plant is provided, which is applied to the above-mentioned floc reuse system, and specifically includes the following steps: S101, Real-time acquisition of floc state data in the sedimentation tank, and calculation of control signals based on the floc state data using a fuzzy PID algorithm; S102, control the floc reflux mechanism according to the control signal to adjust the recycled flocs entering the floc activation reactor; S103, control the delivery of composite carrier material from the composite carrier material supply module according to the control signal; S104, the recycled flocs are subjected to a three-stage activation treatment in a floc activation reactor to obtain regenerated flocs; S105, the regenerated flocs are reintroduced into the reaction zone of the sedimentation tank.

[0056] By deploying turbidity-Zeta potential dual-parameter sensors in the inlet, reaction, and effluent zones of the sedimentation tank (measurement accuracy: turbidity ±0.01 NTU, Zeta potential ±0.1 mV), the system collects real-time data on the floc-related status in the sedimentation tank, including effluent turbidity and reaction zone Zeta potential. Simultaneously, combined with the initial water quality data from the raw water tank, all parameters are transmitted to the fuzzy PID algorithm control module.

[0057] Turbidity (core range 2~8 NTU) and Zeta potential (core range -15~-5 mV) were fuzzified using membership functions to establish a turbidity-Zeta potential-flocculation state evaluation matrix. Then, through maximum membership principle reasoning and centroid method defuzzification, three types of control signals were generated: floc reflux control signal (reflux ratio range 0~15%); composite carrier addition control signal (dosage range 5~50 mg / L); and regenerated floc addition control signal (dosage range 10~50 mg / L). A proportionate amount of floc discharged from the sedimentation tank was introduced into a cyclone reactor, along with a corresponding amount of composite carrier material.

[0058] Based on the floc reflux control signal, the variable frequency screw pump installed in the sedimentation tank-reactor reflux pipeline is started. By adjusting the pump speed, the reflux ratio of the recycled flocs at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is controlled, and the recycled flocs are directionally transported to the feed inlet of the cyclone floc activation reactor.

[0059] The composite carrier addition control signal is synchronously responded to, and the loss-in-weight feeder and carrier addition pump of the carrier supply module are started. The feeder adjusts the speed of the discharge screw by monitoring the weight change of the carrier storage tank in real time, and outputs the composite carrier quantitatively according to the addition amount set by the control signal. The carrier is transported to the reactor inlet by the addition pump and is initially mixed with the recycled flocs in the Y-type static mixer.

[0060] After the mixture enters the cyclone flocculant activation reactor, it undergoes three stages of activation treatment. The specific process is as follows: Shearing and crushing stage: Utilizing the cyclone field formed by the tangential water inlet at the top of the reactor and the inclined spiral guide plate, a 250~300 s... - ¹ A shear rate of 30-60 s is applied to break down the surface passivation layer of the recycled flocs, reducing the floc particle size from 500-1000 μm to 50-100 μm, fully exposing the internal active sites. In the carrier loading stage, the porous aeration ring in the middle of the reactor is activated (aeration intensity 3 L / min) to uniformly disperse the broken flocs and composite carrier. Simultaneously, the pH of the reaction system is controlled at 6.5-7.5 using a pH adjuster, maintaining a contact time of 5-10 min, allowing the composite carrier to firmly bind to the floc active sites through electrostatic adsorption and chemical bonding. In the magnetic regeneration stage, the pulsed magnetic field device at the bottom of the reactor (frequency 1 Hz, duty cycle 30%) is activated, and a 28 kHz ultrasonic transducer (power density 0.3 W / cm³) is simultaneously started. The magnetic force and cavitation effect enhance the stability of the carrier-floc binding and activate the floc activity, ultimately yielding a particle size of 80-150 μm and a Zeta potential of +25 to +35. The process involves the regeneration of flocs at a density of mV. During treatment, a permanent magnet array (magnetic field strength 0.4 T) in the reactor simultaneously adsorbs the flocs on the loaded carrier, and the carrier is recovered by a scraping mechanism (rotation speed 0.8 r / min). The carrier material recovered by the magnetic separation device is regenerated by soaking in a 5% citric acid solution and then recycled.

[0061] In the preferred embodiment, the system is set to a self-cleaning mode: when the zeta potential fluctuation rate is detected to exceed 15% for 2 consecutive hours, the carrier material regeneration program is automatically started and the standby reaction unit is switched.

[0062] The activated regenerated flocs are transported to the pipeline mixing unit in the sedimentation tank water distribution area by a floc addition pump (flow rate adjustment range 10~30 m³ / h), and mixed with the raw water in the raw water tank at a volume ratio of 1:3~1:5, so that the regenerated flocs guide the coagulation of the raw water colloidal particles.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, the mountain reservoir water treatment process (raw water turbidity 1.8 NTU, temperature 4°C) monitors the Zeta potential = -12.5 mV, triggering a high reuse mode; the reuse ratio is automatically adjusted to 6.5%, and the carrier dosage is 35 mg / L; the effluent turbidity is 0.28 NTU, and the cost per ton of water is reduced by 0.23 yuan.

[0064] In one exemplary embodiment, after a rainstorm, river water is treated (turbidity surges from 5 NTU to 15 NTU); the system reduces the reuse rate from 8% to 2% within 30 seconds; simultaneously reduces the carrier dosage to 15 mg / L; prevents flocs from floating due to excessive reuse, and stabilizes the load on the sedimentation tank.

[0065] In one exemplary embodiment, a composite carrier material is provided, the composite carrier material being... @Aopotamoid-chitosan, comprising: a core-shell magnetic carrier, a three-dimensional mesoporous network, and a functional coating; the core-shell magnetic carrier includes a core that is... Magnetic nanoparticles, surface coated Mesoporous layer; the three-dimensional mesoporous network is grafted from attapulgite soil onto the... A mesoporous layer is formed on the surface; the functional coating is formed by loading quaternized chitosan onto the surface of the three-dimensional mesoporous network via electrostatic self-assembly.

[0066] @Attaboloid-chitosan composite carrier material, a core-shell structured magnetic carrier was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, with the core having a particle size of 50-100 nm. Magnetic nanoparticles, with a surface coating thickness of 10-20 nm Mesoporous layer; Attapulgite (attapulgite and...) is coupled using a silane coupling agent. (1:3 mass ratio) grafted onto On the surface of the layer, a three-dimensional mesoporous network with a pore size of 2-10 nm is formed; Chitosan was functionalized using a quaternization modification process with a quaternization substitution degree ≥85%, and then loaded onto the carrier surface via electrostatic self-assembly to form a functional coating with a thickness of 200-500 nm. The final material has a specific surface area ≥350 m² / g, a saturation magnetization ≥45 emu / g, and a zeta potential of +25 mV to +35 mV.

[0067] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows. Figure 4As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores underwater dynamic mud level measurement data based on a rotary encoder. The I / O interfaces are used for information exchange between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communication with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements an underwater dynamic mud level measurement method based on a rotary encoder.

[0068] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 4 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0069] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0070] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0071] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0072] It should be noted that the engineering cost investment information and data involved in this application (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) are all information and data authorized by the client or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0073] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (Read-Only Memory). Memory includes ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical storage, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM).

[0074] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0075] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0076] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A floc reuse system for sedimentation tanks in a water treatment plant, characterized in that, The system includes: The monitoring and control module is used to collect floc state data in the sedimentation tank in real time and output control signals based on the floc state data; A composite carrier material supply module is used to add composite carrier material into the floc activation reactor according to the control signal; A floc reflux mechanism is used to adjust the recycled flocs entering the floc activation reactor according to the control signal; The floc activation reactor is used to receive the composite carrier material and the recycled flocs, and to carry out a three-stage activation treatment under the action of the internal flow field to obtain regenerated flocs.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring and control module includes: The floc state data includes the turbidity value and Zeta potential value of the flocs; Monitoring points for the inlet zone, reaction zone, and outlet zone are set sequentially along the water flow direction of the sedimentation tank. Each monitoring point is equipped with a turbidity sensor and a Zeta potential sensor.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The monitoring and control module includes: A fuzzy PID control model is used, with the turbidity threshold range set to 2~8 NTU and the Zeta potential threshold range set to -15 mV to -5 mV. A flocculation state evaluation matrix is ​​established through the membership function, and the control signal is output. The predictive compensation model uses an LSTM neural network to dynamically correct the control signal based on historical operating parameters. The control signals include floc reflux control signal, carrier addition control signal, and floc addition control signal.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The system also includes: The variable frequency screw pump installed in the floc reflux mechanism is used to control the reflux ratio of the reused flocs according to the floc reflux control signal. The loss-in-weight feeder installed in the composite carrier material supply module is used to control the amount of composite carrier material added according to the carrier addition control signal. A floc dosing pump, located between the floc activation reactor and the sedimentation tank reaction zone, is used to control the amount of regenerated flocs added according to the floc dosing control signal.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The floc activation reactor is a cyclone floc activation reactor, comprising: The main material of the floc activation reactor is a vertical cylindrical reactor with a tangential inlet at the top and a conical separation chamber at the bottom. The floc activation reactor is internally equipped with a three-stage activation unit, including: a primary crushing zone with a spiral guide plate; a carrier loading zone with a porous aeration ring; and a regeneration enhancement zone with an ultrasonic transducer. The floc activation reactor is equipped with a magnetic separation device, which consists of a permanent magnet array and a sludge scraping mechanism.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The floc activation reactor includes: The vertical cylindrical reactor has a height-to-diameter ratio of 3:1; the flow velocity at the tangential inlet is 1.5~3.0 m / s; and the cone angle of the conical separation chamber is 60°. The spiral guide plate has an inclination angle of 45°, generating a shear rate of 200-500. The porous aeration ring has a pore size of 0.5 mm and an aeration intensity of 2-5 L / min; the ultrasonic transducer has a frequency of 28 kHz and a power density of 0.3 W / c. ; The magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet array is 0.3~0.5T.

7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The composite carrier material is @Aopotamoid-chitosan, including: core-shell structured magnetic carrier, three-dimensional mesoporous network and functional coating; The core-shell structured magnetic carrier includes a core that is Magnetic nanoparticles, surface coated Mesoporous layer; The three-dimensional mesoporous network is grafted from attapulgite onto the [structure / structure]. Mesoporous layer surface formation; The functional coating is formed by loading quaternized chitosan onto the surface of the three-dimensional mesoporous network via electrostatic self-assembly.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The composite carrier material includes: The core of the core-shell magnetic carrier has a particle size of 50-100 nm. Magnetic nanoparticles, with a surface coating of 10-20 nm thickness. Mesoporous layer; The three-dimensional mesoporous network is grafted from attapulgite clay via a silane coupling agent onto the [structure / material]. Mesoporous layer surface is formed, wherein the attapulgite soil and The mass ratio is 1:3, and the resulting mesoporous network has a pore size of 2~10nm; The thickness of the functional coating is 200~500nm, and the degree of quaternization substitution of the chitosan is ≥85%; The composite carrier material has an overall specific surface area ≥350m² / g, a saturation magnetization ≥45 emu / g, and its surface Zeta potential is in the range of +25mV to +35mV.

9. A method for reusing flocs in a sedimentation tank of a water treatment plant, applied to the system described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: Real-time acquisition of floc state data in the sedimentation tank, and calculation of control signals based on the floc state data using a fuzzy PID algorithm; The floc reflux mechanism is controlled according to the control signal to adjust the recycled flocs entering the floc activation reactor; The composite carrier material is dispensed into the composite carrier material supply module according to the control signal. The recycled flocs are subjected to a three-stage activation process using a floc activation reactor to obtain regenerated flocs. The regenerated flocs are then reintroduced into the reaction zone of the sedimentation tank.

10. A composite carrier material, characterized in that, The composite carrier material is @Aopotamoid-chitosan, including: core-shell structured magnetic carrier, three-dimensional mesoporous network and functional coating; The core-shell structured magnetic carrier includes a core that is Magnetic nanoparticles, surface coated Mesoporous layer; The three-dimensional mesoporous network is grafted from attapulgite onto the [structure / structure]. Mesoporous layer surface formation; The functional coating is formed by loading quaternized chitosan onto the surface of the three-dimensional mesoporous network via electrostatic self-assembly.

Images