Sampling device for soil detection and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, in particular to a sampling device for soil detection and a using method thereof.The sampling device comprises a support assembly, a removing assembly, a sampling assembly and a shell, and an opening is formed in the bottom of the shell; the clearing assembly comprises a center shaft, a clearing toothed plate and a toothed plate mounting frame, the center shaft is vertically and rotatably arranged in the shell, and the toothed plate mounting frame is fixed to the lower end of the center shaft and arranged in the opening in a penetrating mode; the sampling assembly comprises a plurality of sampling cutting rings, the toothed plate mounting frame is provided with a plurality of through holes penetrating up and down, the sampling cutting rings are mounted in the through holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a hammering assembly is arranged in the shell, and the sampling cutting rings move downwards when the hammering assembly hammers; and a main spring is arranged in the shell. The cleaning toothed plate is gradually inserted into the soil by the toothed plate mounting frame under the elastic force of the main spring, so that the topsoil can be stably cleaned and sampled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of soil testing, and specifically to a soil sampling device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Soil testing is a key technical means to achieve soil quality assessment, pollution incident diagnosis, dynamic monitoring of land treatment, and background value investigation through the systematic analysis of soil physicochemical properties. In this process, the performance of soil sampling directly affects the representativeness of the samples and the accuracy of the test data. Soil sampling is divided into deep sampling and surface sampling, with surface sampling involving sampling the soil at the land surface. The sampling process involves first removing debris from the soil surface, then excavating the surface topsoil to expose the underlying soil layer. Next, a sampling ring is hammered into the soil from the exposed layer, and then the sampling ring is removed. The sampling ring contains soil samples of a specific volume and shape.

[0003] Chinese patent CN119354597B discloses a soil sampling device for environmental engineering, including a support assembly, a cleaning assembly, and a sampling assembly. The cleaning assembly is located inside the support assembly, and the sampling assembly is located inside the cleaning assembly. The cleaning assembly includes four parallel rotating rollers, with a cutting belt sleeved on the outside of the rollers. Multiple cutting blades parallel to the rollers are fixed on the outside of the cutting belt. Pulleys are connected to the same end of the four rollers, and a transmission belt is sleeved between two adjacent pulleys. The rollers are driven by a servo motor. The cutting blades include connecting pieces fixedly connected to the outside of the cutting belt. Multiple parallel wedges are evenly distributed on the side of the connecting pieces away from the cutting belt, and blades are fixedly installed on the outside of the wedges. When the rollers drive the cutting belt to rotate, the cutting blades move to the lower position to contact the soil and clean the surface soil.

[0004] However, when the support assembly is placed on the ground, and the surface soil is relatively loose, the cutting blade may penetrate too deeply under its own weight, resulting in an excessive amount of loose soil being removed in a single cut. Due to the significantly increased volume of soil removed, and the possibility that deeper soil layers are denser, the resistance to the cutting blade's movement increases dramatically, greatly increasing the risk of exceeding the device's design load and easily causing motor overload. In the event of overload, workers can only temporarily relieve the load by lifting the support assembly to resume operation. However, when the support assembly is placed back on the ground, the cutting depth still depends entirely on its own weight and soil conditions, and there is a high possibility of it penetrating too deeply again, causing overload and forcing repeated interruptions to the operation. This makes it difficult to ensure that the loose soil in the entire cleaning area is removed evenly and thoroughly to the required depth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a soil sampling device, which aims to solve the problem in related technologies where the amount of loose soil removed in a single cleaning of the soil surface is too large, causing the device to be unstable in operation.

[0006] A soil sampling device for testing according to the present invention includes a support assembly, a cleaning assembly, a sampling assembly, and a housing. The support assembly is fixed to the vertical side of the housing, and the bottom of the housing has an opening. The cleaning assembly includes a central shaft, a cleaning toothed plate, and a toothed plate mounting bracket. The central shaft is vertically rotatable inside the housing, and the toothed plate mounting bracket is fixed to the lower end of the central shaft and passes through the opening. The cleaning toothed plate is mounted on the lower surface of the toothed plate mounting bracket. The sampling assembly includes multiple sampling ring blades. The toothed plate mounting bracket has multiple through holes, and the sampling ring blades are installed in the through holes one by one. A hammering assembly is provided inside the housing, and the sampling ring blades move downward when hammered by the hammering assembly. A main spring is provided inside the housing, and the main spring is sleeved on the central shaft. The main spring pushes the cleaning toothed plate downward in layers by abutting against the toothed plate mounting bracket.

[0007] Its effects are as follows: With the main spring mounted on the central shaft, when the sampling device is placed on the ground, the device compresses the main spring under gravity, causing the toothed plate mounting frame to move upwards. At this time, the cleaning toothed plate, driven by the central shaft, rotates. During this rotation, the main spring gradually pushes the toothed plate mounting frame downwards, strictly limiting the downward depth of each movement. The maximum depth is the depth of the cleaning toothed plate itself. Even with loose soil, it automatically avoids excessive insertion in a single operation, significantly reducing the risk of overloading the drive motor and ensuring continuous and stable operation of the loose soil removal process. The progressive downward pushing mechanism of the main spring enables the cleaning toothed plate to scrape off loose soil in layers. Combined with the rotation of the central shaft, centrifugal soil removal ensures that loose soil is evenly stripped to the designed depth throughout the cleaning area. Multiple through holes are provided on the toothed plate mounting frame, allowing the sampling ring blades to be installed one-to-one within each hole. After the loose soil removal is complete, the hammering assembly can directly hammer the sampling ring blades, causing the lower end of the sampling ring blades to insert into the soil for sampling. This allows for continuous loose soil removal and soil sampling, facilitating operation.

[0008] Preferably, the hammering assembly includes a hammering block and a drive shaft. A vertical guide sleeve is fixedly disposed inside the housing. The hammering block is slidably connected inside the guide sleeve. A spiral drive blade is disposed on the outer wall of the drive shaft. A protrusion is fixedly disposed on the hammering block. The protrusion extends to the position of the drive blade. The rotation of the drive blade pushes the protrusion to move upward. The number of spiral turns of the drive blade is greater than 1 turn and less than 1.5 turns.

[0009] Its effect is as follows: The outer wall of the drive shaft is equipped with helical drive blades. When the drive blades rotate with the drive shaft, they abut against the protrusion, and the protrusion moves along the upper surface of the drive blade, causing the hammer block to gradually move upward. When the protrusion disengages from the drive blade, it moves downward, and the distance it moves is less than the pitch of one drive blade. Because the number of helical turns of the drive blade is greater than one, when the drive shaft rotates again, the drive blade can abut against the protrusion again, thus achieving repeated driving of the hammer block, thereby hammering the sampling ring cutter.

[0010] Preferably, the hammering block includes an annular body and a drive sleeve. The drive sleeve is fixed on the upper surface of the annular body, and the lower surface of the annular body is used to hammer the sampling ring cutter. The drive sleeve is slidably fitted inside the guide sleeve, and multiple drive sleeves are provided. Each drive sleeve is provided with a drive shaft. The protrusion is fixed on the inner wall of the drive sleeve, and the multiple drive shafts synchronously drive the multiple protrusions to move upward.

[0011] Its effect is as follows: multiple drive sleeves are set up, each with a drive shaft installed inside. The synchronous rotation of the drive shafts drives multiple protrusions to move upward, thereby improving the stability of the hammer block's downward movement. At the same time, guide sleeves guide the drive sleeves, further improving the stability of the hammer block's operation.

[0012] Preferably, a first gear is coaxially fixed on the drive shaft, a second gear is connected to the central shaft through a one-way bearing, multiple first gears mesh with the second gear, the drive shaft is connected to a drive motor with forward and reverse rotation functions, and a locking component is provided on the side wall of the guide sleeve, which locks the hammer block when it reaches its highest point.

[0013] The effect is as follows: when the hammer block reaches its highest point, it is locked by a locking assembly. At this point, the drive shaft will no longer move the hammer block upwards, while the drive motor can drive the central shaft to rotate via a one-way bearing. After the loose soil is removed, the drive motor rotates in the opposite direction. At this time, the one-way bearing is in a free state, allowing the drive motor to drive multiple drive shafts to rotate simultaneously via the first and second gears, while the central shaft remains stationary. Therefore, by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor, the removal of loose soil and soil sampling can be achieved.

[0014] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a pin and a return spring. The pin is horizontally positioned, and a positioning hole is provided on the side wall of the drive sleeve. The return spring is used to provide a driving force to move the pin toward the positioning hole.

[0015] Preferably, an unlocking rod is fixedly installed on the central shaft. The unlocking rod is vertically installed and the lower end of the unlocking rod is wedge-shaped. An L-shaped pull rod is connected to the end of the pin away from the positioning hole. The unlocking rod moves downward to horizontally push the L-shaped pull rod, causing the pin to disengage from the positioning hole.

[0016] Its effect is as follows: the unlocking rod is fixed on the central shaft. When the central shaft gradually moves downward while cleaning the loose soil, the unlocking rod also moves downward. This causes the lower end of the rod to push the L-shaped pull rod horizontally as it moves downward, causing the pin to disengage from the positioning hole. This allows the sampling to start automatically after the loose soil has been cleaned to the predetermined depth.

[0017] Preferably, the toothed plate mounting bracket has a horizontal hole inside, and an anti-fall component is provided in the horizontal hole. The anti-fall component includes a preload spring, an adjusting plug, and a resistance block. The horizontal hole is connected to the through hole. The resistance block is located at one end of the horizontal hole connected to the through hole. The adjusting plug is threaded into the horizontal hole. One end of the preload spring abuts against the adjusting plug, and the other end abuts against the resistance block.

[0018] Its effect is as follows: Under the action of the pre-tightening spring, the resistance block abuts against the side wall of the sampling ring cutter inside the through hole, keeping the sampling ring cutter stably positioned inside the through hole and preventing it from moving down too early and affecting the removal of loose soil. At the same time, the resistance block may wear out after repeated use. At this time, the tension of the pre-tightening spring can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting plug to ensure that the resistance block can effectively limit the downward movement of the sampling ring cutter.

[0019] Preferably, a cleaning brush is provided on the lower surface of the toothed plate mounting bracket. The cleaning brush is attached to the back of the cleaning toothed plate and rotates with the toothed plate mounting bracket to sweep away and scrape off loose soil.

[0020] Preferably, the sampling ring knife is equipped with a connector, the lower end of which is threaded to the sampling ring knife, and the upper end of which is used for hammering. The support assembly includes a fixed frame and a roller. The fixed frame is fixed to the outer shell, and the roller is located on the side of the fixed frame away from the outer shell.

[0021] Its effect is that the lower end of the connector is tightly connected to the sampling ring via threads. When the sampling ring is inserted into the soil, the connector can smoothly remove the sampling ring from the soil by rotating the support assembly.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method of using a soil sampling device, including a soil cleaning step and a soil sampling step. The soil cleaning step includes placing the sampling device so that the cleaning toothed plate abuts the ground, the main spring is compressed, the cleaning toothed plate rotates to scrape away the loose soil, and the main spring gradually pushes down the toothed plate mounting frame. The soil sampling step includes repeatedly hammering the sampling ring blade with a hammering assembly to insert the sampling ring blade into the soil, and lifting the sampling device with a support assembly to remove the sampling ring blade.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention utilizes a main spring mounted on a central shaft. When the sampling device is placed on the ground, gravity compresses the main spring, causing the toothed plate mounting bracket to move upwards. As the cleaning toothed plate rotates via the central shaft, the main spring gradually pushes the mounting bracket downwards, strictly limiting the downward depth of each movement and significantly reducing the risk of overloading the drive motor, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the loose soil removal process. When the hammer block reaches its highest point, it is locked by a locking assembly. At this point, the drive shaft will no longer drive the hammer block upwards, while the drive motor can rotate the central shaft via a one-way bearing. After the loose soil removal is complete, the drive motor rotates in the opposite direction. The one-way bearing is then in a free state, allowing the drive motor to drive multiple drive shafts to rotate simultaneously via the first and second gears, while the central shaft remains stationary. Therefore, by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor, both loose soil removal and soil sampling can be achieved. The unlocking rod is fixed on the central shaft. When the central shaft gradually moves downwards to clear loose soil, the unlocking rod also moves downwards, so that its lower end pushes the L-shaped pull rod horizontally when it moves downwards, causing the pin to disengage from the positioning hole, thereby realizing automatic sampling after the loose soil is cleared to the predetermined depth. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a front view of a soil testing sampling device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer shell in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first gear and the second gear in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive blade in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the hammering block in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the locking component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the two pins in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure label: 1. Support assembly; 11. Fixing bracket; 12. Roller; 2. Cleaning assembly; 21. Central shaft; 22. Cleaning toothed plate; 23. Toothed plate mounting bracket; 231. Through hole; 232. Horizontal hole; 25. Cleaning brush; 3. Sampling assembly; 31. Sampling ring cutter; 32. Connector; 4. Housing; 41. Opening; 42. Support leg; 43. Mounting plate; 51. Drive motor; 52. One-way bearing; 53. First gear; 54. Second gear; 6. 7. Main spring; 8. Anti-fall assembly; 9. Preload spring; 10. Adjusting plug; 11. Resistance block; 2. Hammering assembly; 3. Hammering block; 4. Annular body; 5. Drive sleeve; 6. Positioning hole; 7. Protrusion; 8. Drive shaft; 9. Mounting base; 10. Drive blade; 11. Guide sleeve; 12. Drive spring; 13. Locking assembly; 14. Pin; 15. Return spring; 16. Unlocking rod; 17. L-shaped pull rod. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following is combined Figures 1 to 7 Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] This embodiment discloses a soil sampling device, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the device includes a support assembly 1, a cleaning assembly 2, and a sampling assembly 3. A housing 4 is fixedly mounted on the support assembly 1. The housing 4 is generally rectangular, and its interior is used to install the cleaning assembly 2 and the sampling assembly 3. The support assembly 1 is fixed to one vertical side wall of the housing 4. The support assembly 1 includes a mounting frame 11 and a roller 12. The roller 12 is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 11, which is fixedly connected to the housing 4. The mounting frame 11 extends upward to form a handle, facilitating the movement of the entire device. The roller 12 is located on the side of the mounting frame 11 furthest from the housing 4. When moving the entire device, the mounting frame 11 can be rotated around the roller 12, lifting the bottom of the housing 4 off the ground. The roller 12 then supports the entire device, allowing for easy movement.

[0028] refer to Figure 2The housing 4 has an opening 41 at its bottom. The cleaning assembly 2 includes a central shaft 21 and a cleaning toothed plate 22. The central shaft 21 is vertically positioned at the center of the housing 4. A toothed plate mounting bracket 23 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the central shaft 21. The toothed plate mounting bracket 23 is cylindrical, and its centerline coincides with the center of the central shaft 21. The toothed plate mounting bracket 23 extends from top to bottom through the opening 41, and the opening 41 fits onto the toothed plate mounting bracket 23, allowing the toothed plate mounting bracket 23 to rotate at the opening 41 while also moving vertically. The cleaning toothed plate 22 is fixed to the lower end face of the toothed plate mounting bracket 23. When the central shaft 21 rotates, the cleaning toothed plate 22 rotates simultaneously with the toothed plate mounting bracket 23. Multiple cleaning toothed plates 22 are evenly arranged around the central axis 21; in this embodiment, there are four. The teeth of the cleaning toothed plates 22 are vertically downward, and the distance between the teeth of adjacent cleaning toothed plates 22 and the central axis 21 is different. This allows adjacent cleaning toothed plates 22 to scrape off topsoil at different locations during rotation. Vertical support legs 42 are provided at the four corners of the bottom of the outer casing 4, leaving a gap between the bottom of the outer casing 4 and the ground surface. When the cleaning toothed plates 22 rotate, they scrape off the topsoil while simultaneously causing the scraped soil to rotate. Under the action of centrifugal force, the soil is thrown out from around the outer casing 4, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the topsoil.

[0029] refer to Figure 2 Inside the outer casing 4, two mounting plates 43 are fixedly installed, spaced vertically. A drive motor 51 is fixedly installed on the upper mounting plate 43. The drive motor 51 is a servo motor with forward and reverse rotation capabilities, and its drive angle can be accurately controlled. The upper end of the central shaft 21 passes through both mounting plates 43. A one-way bearing 52 is fitted onto the central shaft 21, and the central shaft 21 slides vertically relative to the inner ring of the one-way bearing 52. The central shaft 21 rotates synchronously with the inner ring of the one-way bearing 52 in the circumferential direction. Specifically, the side wall of the central shaft 21 has a vertical guide bar that slides within the keyway of the inner ring of the one-way bearing 52, with a clearance fit between the vertical guide bar and the keyway. A main spring 6 is installed between the lower mounting plate 43 and the gear plate mounting bracket 23. The main spring 6 is vertically positioned and fitted onto the central shaft 21, with its upper end abutting against the lower mounting plate 43 and its lower end abutting against the gear plate mounting bracket 23. The lower end of the main spring 6 is used to push the toothed plate mounting bracket 23 downward, and is limited by the sliding distance of the central shaft 21, so that the toothed plate mounting bracket 23 still engages with the opening 41 when it is at its lowest point.

[0030] In use, first place the bottom of the outer casing 4 parallel to the ground, with the lower end of the support leg 42 abutting against the ground. At this time, the roller 12 can be 1-3cm above the ground. Simultaneously, due to the weight of the device, the main spring 6 is compressed, and the cleaning toothed plate 22 abuts against the ground surface. Start the drive motor 51, which drives the central shaft 21 to rotate. The central shaft 21 drives the toothed plate mounting frame 23 and the cleaning toothed plate 22 to rotate together, and the cleaning toothed plate 22 will scrape off the loose soil on the ground surface. After the scraped loose soil is thrown outward, the main spring 6 continues to move the toothed plate mounting frame 23 downward, so that the cleaning toothed plate 22 can clean the next layer of loose soil. In this way, the cleaning toothed plate 22 is limited by the toothed plate mounting frame 23, and the maximum depth of loose soil cleaned each time is the height of the cleaning toothed plate 22. Then, the main spring 6 gradually pushes the cleaning toothed plate 22 to the desired cleaning depth, thus stably completing the cleaning of the surface loose soil. A cleaning brush 25 is also fixedly installed on the lower surface of the toothed plate mounting bracket 23. The cleaning brush 25 can be arranged between two adjacent cleaning toothed plates 22, or it can be set against the back of the cleaning toothed plate 22, with the back of the cleaning toothed plate 22 being the side away from the scraped soil. The cleaning brush 25 can further clean the scraped loose soil to avoid affecting subsequent soil sampling work.

[0031] refer to Figure 2The sampling assembly 3 includes multiple sampling ring cutters 31, and in this embodiment, four sampling ring cutters 31 are provided. Multiple vertical through holes 231 are provided on the toothed plate mounting bracket 23. The diameter of the through holes 231 is the same as the outer diameter of the sampling ring cutters 31. The sampling ring cutters 31 are used to penetrate upwards into the through holes 231 from the lower end. When installing the sampling ring cutters 31, the bottom of the outer casing 4 can be rotated to a horizontal orientation. The position of the through holes 231 should be staggered from the positions of the cleaning toothed plate 22 and the cleaning brush 25. If the loose soil scraped by the cleaning toothed plate 22 is not promptly thrown around the outer casing 4, the loose soil can enter the sampling ring cutters 31. However, when the cleaning toothed plate 22 reaches the cleaning depth, no more loose soil will continue to accumulate. At this time, the loose soil inside the sampling ring cutters 31 will fall out because the loose soil below has already been thrown out, and will not affect subsequent soil sampling work. To prevent the sampling ring 31 from automatically shifting downwards under gravity when the through hole 231 is placed vertically, causing it to improperly contact the ground, an anti-fall component 7 is installed inside the toothed plate mounting bracket 23. The anti-fall component 7 includes a preload spring 71, an adjusting plug 72, and a resistance block 73. Horizontal holes 232 are provided inside the toothed plate mounting bracket 23 at positions for installing the anti-fall component 7. These horizontal holes 232 are arranged in two concentric circles along the vertical direction, with multiple holes in each circle. The resistance block 73 is located at one end of the horizontal hole 232 near the center of the through hole 231, and the horizontal hole 232 communicates with the through hole 231. The resistance block 73 can be made of rubber. The preload spring 71 is located inside the horizontal hole 232, with one end abutting against the resistance block 73 and the other end abutting against the adjusting plug 72, which is threadedly connected to the horizontal hole 232. If the two horizontal holes 232 are on the same straight line, the adjusting plug 72 can be installed in only one horizontal hole 232. The preload spring 71 presses the resistance block 73 against the side wall of the sampling ring cutter 31, and the friction between the resistance block 73 and the sampling ring cutter 31 prevents the sampling ring cutter 31 from moving automatically downward under gravity. The resistance block 73, made of rubber material, can provide greater friction. When the resistance block 73 wears, the spring force of the preload spring 71 can be adjusted by adjusting the plug 72, or it can be replaced for maintenance. In this embodiment, the resistance block 73 can be set in a spherical shape, with only a portion of the resistance block 73 smaller than a hemisphere exposed in the through hole 231, so that the resistance block 73 will not affect the installation of the sampling ring cutter 31 in the through hole 231.

[0032] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3Inside the outer casing 4, a hammering assembly 8 is provided for hammering the sampling ring cutter 31. The hammering assembly 8 includes a hammering block 81 and a drive shaft 82 that drives the hammering block 81 to move upward. The drive shaft 82 is vertically arranged, and a mounting base 83 is provided at the upper end of the drive shaft 82. The mounting base 83 is fixed on the upper mounting plate 43. The drive shaft 82 and the mounting base 83 are rotatably connected and their relative positions in the vertical direction are fixed. In this embodiment, four drive shafts 82 are provided, but three can also be provided. A first gear 53 is coaxially fixed on each drive shaft 82, and a second gear 54 is coaxially fixed on the outer ring of the one-way bearing 52. The first gear 53 and the second gear 54 are both located between the two mounting plates 43. A drive motor 51 is connected to one drive shaft 82 to drive the drive shaft 82 to rotate. Multiple first gears 53 are arranged around the second gear 54 and mesh externally with the second gear 54. The drive motor 51 drives the central shaft 21 to rotate via the first gear 53, the second gear 54, and the one-way bearing 52. Simultaneously, it drives multiple drive shafts 82 to rotate via the first gear 53 and the second gear 54. When the drive motor 51 needs to drive the central shaft 21 alone, the drive shaft 82 disengages from the hammer block 81. When the drive motor 51 needs to drive the hammer block 81 alone, the drive motor 51 rotates in the opposite direction. At this time, the one-way bearing 52 is in a free-rotating state and does not transmit power to the central shaft 21.

[0033] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5A spiral drive blade 84 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the drive shaft 82, and the center line of the spiral shape of the drive blade 84 coincides with the center of the drive shaft 82. The spiral shape of the drive blade 84 is greater than 1 turn and less than 1.5 turns; in this embodiment, it is 1.1 turns. The hammering block 81 includes an annular body 811 and a drive sleeve 812. The number of drive sleeves 812 is the same as the number of drive shafts 82. The drive sleeves 812 are vertically arranged, and their lower ends are fixed to the upper surface of the annular body 811. The annular body 811 is horizontally arranged, and its lower surface is used to hammer the sampling ring cutter 31. The lower end of the drive shaft 82 is inserted into the drive sleeve 812, and the drive blade 84 is located inside the drive sleeve 812. A protrusion 813 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the drive sleeve 812, and the drive sleeve 812 can be filled with grease. When the drive shaft 82 rotates, the upper surface of the drive blade 84 abuts against the protrusion 813. At this time, the protrusion 813 moves upward under the action of the drive blade 84, causing the hammer block 81 to move upward until the protrusion 813 disengages from the upper end of the drive blade 84. Then, the hammer block 81 strikes downward, and the position of the protrusion 813 also moves downward. Since the downward movement distance of each hammer block 81 is less than the pitch of the drive blade 84, this avoids the protrusion 813 directly impacting the drive blade 84 downward. The drive blade 84 can rotate again to abut against the protrusion 813. At this time, the rotation speed of the drive shaft 82 can be controlled by the drive motor 51 to reduce the impact force between the drive blade 84 and the protrusion 813. After the drive blade 84 contacts the protrusion 813, the hammer block 81 can move upward.

[0034] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 Multiple vertical guide sleeves 85 are fixedly installed on the lower surface of the mounting plate 43. These guide sleeves 85 and multiple drive sleeves 812 are interlocked, with the guide sleeves 85 restricting the rotation of the drive sleeves 812. A drive spring 86 is installed inside each guide sleeve 85. The drive spring 86 is vertically positioned, with its upper end abutting against the mounting plate 43 and its lower end abutting against the drive sleeve 812. The drive spring 86 drives the hammer block 81 downwards, giving it a greater hammering force. When the protrusion 813 moves to the uppermost end of the drive blade 84, the weight of the hammer block 81 and the elastic force of the drive spring 86 simultaneously drive the hammer block 81 downwards. A connector 32 is located below the hammer block 81. The lower end of the connector 32 is threaded onto the sampling ring cutter 31, while the upper end of the connector 32 is subjected to the impact of the hammer block 81. When the connector 32 enters the through hole 231, the sampling ring 31 is completely removed from the through hole 231 and enters the soil. At this time, the operator can rotate the entire device around the roller 12 to pull the sampling ring 31 directly out of the soil.

[0035] refer to Figure 6 A locking assembly 9 is also provided on the side wall of the guide sleeve 85. The locking assembly 9 is used to lock the position of the drive sleeve 812 when it moves upward to the highest point. In this way, the locking assembly 9 can keep the protrusion 813 inside the drive sleeve 812 and the drive blade 84 in a disengaged state, and the central shaft 21 can rotate continuously under the action of the drive motor 51 to clean the loose soil on the ground. The locking assembly 9 includes a pin 91 and a return spring 92, and a positioning hole 8121 is provided on the side wall of the drive sleeve 812. The pin 91 is horizontally slidably connected to the side wall of the guide sleeve 85, and one end of the pin 91 is used to insert into the guide sleeve 85. When the drive sleeve 812 moves upward to the highest point, the end of the pin 91 enters into the positioning hole 8121. One end of the return spring 92 abuts against the pin 91, and the other end of the return spring 92 is connected to the inside of the guide sleeve 85. The return spring 92 is used to keep the pin 91 moving towards the positioning hole 8121.

[0036] refer to Figure 7 An unlocking rod 93 is fixedly mounted on the central shaft 21. The lower end of the unlocking rod 93 is wedge-shaped. An L-shaped pull rod 94 is provided at the end of the pin 91 away from the positioning hole 8121. Each unlocking rod 93 can unlock two pins 91 simultaneously. Two L-shaped pull rods 94 corresponding to the same unlocking rod 93 are arranged symmetrically at the center. The middle of the two L-shaped pull rods 94 is used to insert the unlocking rod 93. The lower end of the unlocking rod 93 is smaller than the upper end. In other embodiments, each L-shaped pull rod 94 can be individually associated with an unlocking rod 93. When the unlocking rod 93 moves downward with the central shaft 21, it gradually pushes the L-shaped pull rod 94 horizontally, causing the pin 91 to disengage from the positioning hole 8121. This releases the locking assembly 9 from the lock on the position of the drive sleeve 812, allowing the drive sleeve 812 to move downward and begin soil sampling.

[0037] This embodiment also discloses a soil testing sampling device method, which uses the above-disclosed soil testing sampling device to sample surface soil, including a repositioning step, a clean-up of loose soil step, and a soil sampling step.

[0038] In the reset step, the drive motor 51 first drives the drive blade 84 to rotate, so that the protrusion 813 reaches the upper end of the drive blade 84, and the drive blade 84 is not separated from the protrusion 813. At this time, the drive blade 84 maintains the drive sleeve 812 in a position close to the highest point, and the locking component 9 has not completed locking the drive sleeve 812. Lift the bottom of the housing 4, thread the new sampling ring cutter 31 to the lower end of the connector 32, and then push the sampling ring cutter 31 into the through hole 231 of the toothed plate mounting bracket 23. Since the drive blade 84 restricts the downward movement of the protrusion 813, the hammer block 81 is in a position away from the connector 32, and the sampling ring cutter 31 can smoothly enter the through hole 231.

[0039] In the process of cleaning up loose soil, first pull the device equipped with the sampling ring cutter 31 to the position where sampling is required. Then rotate the outer casing 4 so that the bottom of the outer casing 4 faces the ground. At this time, the cleaning toothed plate 22 is pressed against the ground, causing the toothed plate mounting bracket 23 to press the main spring 6 upward. At the same time, the central shaft 21 also moves upward with the toothed plate mounting bracket 23. The unlocking rod 93 moves upward together with the central shaft 21 and disengages from the unlocking position of the locking assembly 9. At this time, the drive motor 51 continues to drive the drive blade 84 to rotate, causing the protrusion 813 to move further upward. Since the unlocking rod 93 cannot unlock the locking assembly 9, when the protrusion 813 drives the drive sleeve 812 to move upward to the highest point, the drive sleeve 812 can stop at the highest point through the locking assembly 9, and the position of the protrusion 813 is separated from the highest point of the drive blade 84. The end of the pin 91 in the locking assembly 9 connected to the positioning hole 8121 can be set to be conical to ensure that after the pin 91 enters the positioning hole 8121, the protrusion 813 and the drive blade 84 maintain a good separation state. At this time, the drive motor 51 rotates in the opposite direction. The drive motor 51 drives the central shaft 21 to rotate through the first gear 53, the second gear 54, and the one-way bearing 52. The one-way bearing 52 is in a fixed state at this time. When the first gear 53 drives the drive shaft 82 to rotate, the drive blade 84 on the drive shaft 82 will not contact the protrusion 813 until the cleaning toothed plate 22 at the lower end of the central shaft 21 cleans the loose soil to the designed depth, causing the central shaft 21 to drive the unlocking rod 93 to descend simultaneously, so that the unlocking rod 93 reaches the position to unlock the locking component 9. Here, as the central shaft 21 moves down, the main spring 6 gradually releases its elasticity. At the same time, the soil layer below the loose soil is also relatively hard, and the downward movement rate of the cleaning toothed plate 22 will decrease. Therefore, the cleaning brush 25 rotates with the toothed plate mounting bracket 23, which can effectively clean the cleaning termination position.

[0040] In the soil sampling procedure, the unlocking lever 93 remains unlocked from the locking assembly 9, and the drive motor 51 rotates in the other direction. At this time, the one-way bearing 52 is in a free-rotating state. The drive motor 51 cannot drive the central shaft 21 to rotate through the first gear 53, the second gear 54, and the one-way bearing 52. Instead, it only drives the entire drive shaft 82 to rotate through the first gear 53 and the second gear 54. The drive blade 84 on the drive shaft 82 can lift the protrusion 813 upward, causing the drive sleeve 812 to move upward to its highest point. The protrusion 813 disengages from the drive blade 84. The weight of the hammer block 81 and the elastic force of the drive spring 86 push the hammer block 81 towards the connector 32, causing the hammer block 81 to hammer the connector 32, thereby inserting the sampling ring 31 into the soil. The hammering is repeated until the predetermined depth is reached. Then, the operator rotates the entire device by the handle to remove the sampling ring 31 from the soil, completing the sampling.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device, comprising a support assembly (1), a cleaning assembly (2), a sampling assembly (3), and a housing (4), characterized in that, The bracket assembly (1) is fixed to the vertical side of the outer shell (4), and the bottom of the outer shell (4) has an opening (41). The cleaning assembly (2) includes a central shaft (21), a cleaning toothed plate (22), and a toothed plate mounting bracket (23). The central shaft (21) is vertically rotatably disposed inside the housing (4). The toothed plate mounting bracket (23) is fixed to the lower end of the central shaft (21) and passes through the opening (41). The cleaning toothed plate (22) is installed on the lower surface of the toothed plate mounting bracket (23). The sampling component (3) includes multiple sampling ring cutters (31), and the toothed plate mounting bracket (23) has multiple through holes (231) that extend vertically. The sampling ring cutters (31) are installed in the through holes (231) one by one. The housing (4) is provided with a hammering component (8). The sampling ring cutters (31) move downward when the hammering component (8) hammers. The outer casing (4) is provided with a main spring (6), which is sleeved on the central shaft (21). The main spring (6) pushes the toothed plate (22) downward in layers by abutting against the toothed plate mounting bracket (23).

2. The soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hammering assembly (8) includes a hammering block (81) and a drive shaft (82). A vertical guide sleeve (85) is fixedly installed inside the outer shell (4). The hammering block (81) is slidably connected inside the guide sleeve (85). A spiral drive blade (84) is provided on the outer wall of the drive shaft (82). A protrusion (813) is fixedly installed on the hammering block (81). The protrusion (813) extends to the position of the drive blade (84). The rotation of the drive blade (84) pushes the protrusion (813) to move upward. The number of spiral turns of the drive blade (84) is greater than 1 turn and less than 1.5 turns.

3. A soil sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hammering block (81) includes an annular body (811) and a drive sleeve (812). The drive sleeve (812) is fixed on the upper surface of the annular body (811). The lower surface of the annular body (811) is used to hammer the sampling ring knife (31). The drive sleeve (812) is slidably fitted in the guide sleeve (85). Multiple drive sleeves (812) are provided. Each drive sleeve (812) is provided with a drive shaft (82). The protrusion (813) is fixed on the inner wall of the drive sleeve (812). Multiple drive shafts (82) synchronously drive multiple protrusions (813) to move upward.

4. A soil sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A first gear (53) is coaxially fixed on the drive shaft (82). A second gear (54) is connected to the central shaft (21) through a one-way bearing (52). Multiple first gears (53) mesh with the second gears (54). A drive motor (51) with forward and reverse rotation function is connected to the drive shaft (82). A locking component (9) is provided on the side wall of the guide sleeve (85). The locking component (9) locks the hammer block (81) when it reaches the highest point.

5. A soil sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking assembly (9) includes a pin (91) and a return spring (92). The pin (91) is horizontally positioned, and a positioning hole (8121) is provided on the side wall of the drive sleeve (812). The return spring (92) is used to provide a driving force to move the pin (91) toward the positioning hole (8121).

6. A soil sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, An unlocking rod (93) is fixedly installed on the central shaft (21). The unlocking rod (93) is vertically installed and the lower end of the unlocking rod (93) is wedge-shaped. An L-shaped pull rod (94) is connected to the end of the pin (91) away from the positioning hole (8121). The unlocking rod (93) moves downward to push the L-shaped pull rod (94) horizontally, so that the pin (91) disengages from the positioning hole (8121).

7. A soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The toothed plate mounting bracket (23) has a horizontal hole (232) inside. An anti-fall component (7) is provided in the horizontal hole (232). The anti-fall component (7) includes a preload spring (71), an adjusting plug (72) and a resistance block (73). The horizontal hole (232) is connected to the through hole (231). The resistance block (73) is located at one end of the horizontal hole (232) connected to the through hole (231). The adjusting plug (72) is threaded in the horizontal hole (232). One end of the preload spring (71) abuts against the adjusting plug (72) and the other end abuts against the resistance block (73).

8. A soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cleaning brush (25) is provided on the lower surface of the toothed plate mounting bracket (23). The cleaning brush (25) is attached to the back of the cleaning toothed plate (22). The cleaning brush (25) rotates with the toothed plate mounting bracket (23) to clean and scrape off the loose soil.

9. A soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling ring knife (31) is equipped with a connector (32), the lower end of the connector (32) is threadedly connected to the sampling ring knife (31), and the upper end of the connector (32) is used for hammering. The support assembly (1) includes a fixed frame (11) and a roller (12). The fixed frame (11) is fixed to the outer shell (4), and the roller (12) is located on the side of the fixed frame (11) away from the outer shell (4).

10. A method of using a soil testing sampling device, comprising sampling surface soil using the soil testing sampling device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The process includes a soil cleaning step and a soil sampling step. The soil cleaning step includes placing the sampling device so that the cleaning toothed plate (22) touches the ground, the main spring (6) is compressed, the cleaning toothed plate (22) rotates to scrape off the soil, and the main spring (6) gradually pushes down the toothed plate mounting frame (23). The soil sampling step includes the hammering assembly (8) repeatedly hammering the sampling ring knife (31) so that the sampling ring knife (31) is inserted into the soil, and the sampling device is lifted by the support assembly (1) to remove the sampling ring knife (31).

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