Wearable device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electronic equipment, and particularly provides wearable equipment which comprises an antenna system, a conductive component and a screen assembly, the antenna system comprises an annular radiator, the radiator comprises at least one part of a middle frame of the wearable equipment and is electrically connected with a circuit board of the wearable equipment, and the conductive component is electrically connected with the circuit board of the wearable equipment. The conductive part is arranged on the side, away from the screen assembly, of the circuit board and electrically connected with the circuit board. In the embodiment of the invention, the conductive part is connected with the circuit board, so that the area of the reference ground of the circuit board is effectively increased, and the grounding performance of the antenna system is improved. When a human body wears the wearable equipment, the radiation electric field of the antenna can return to the conductive part better, the absorption ratio of the human body is reduced, and the antenna performance of the wearable equipment is improved. Particularly, for a low-frequency antenna, the human body can become a part of the antenna, and the effect of enhancing the performance of the low-frequency antenna is achieved.

Description

[0001] Case Separation Statement This application is a divisional application of Chinese invention patent application No. 202211057067.X, filed on August 31, 2022, entitled "Wearable Device". Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of electronic device technology, specifically to a wearable device. Background Technology

[0003] In the field of electronic devices, a high screen-to-body ratio means a larger display and interaction area, thus providing users with a better sensory and interactive experience. Therefore, full-screen devices are becoming increasingly popular. Wearable devices, due to size limitations, have a high degree of integration of internal components, making antenna design very challenging, especially for wearable devices with high screen-to-body ratios. Designing antennas that meet performance requirements is a major challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To improve the antenna performance of full-screen wearable devices, embodiments of this specification provide a wearable device, which includes: An antenna system comprising a ring-shaped radiator, the radiator including at least a portion of the mid-frame of the wearable device, the radiator being electrically connected to a circuit board of the wearable device; An annular insulating support is connected to the inner wall of the radiator; A screen assembly is assembled and connected to the upper end face of the bracket.

[0005] In some embodiments, an annular recess is provided on the upper inner side of the radiator, and the bracket is disposed on the recess.

[0006] In some embodiments, the recess includes a bottom surface and a side surface, and the lower surface of the bracket is connected to the bottom surface of the recess.

[0007] In some implementations, the outer wall of the support is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the radiator by bonding.

[0008] In some embodiments, the screen assembly includes a cover plate and a display component, wherein the upper end face of the bracket is connected to the lower end face of the cover plate.

[0009] For example, the upper section of the bracket is fixedly connected to the lower end of the cover plate by adhesive dispensing.

[0010] In some implementations, the lower surface of the screen assembly is connected to the upper end face of the bracket, and the side of the screen assembly is connected to the inner wall of the radiator.

[0011] In some embodiments, the wearable device further includes a conductive component electrically connected to the circuit board and located on the side of the circuit board opposite to the screen assembly.

[0012] In some embodiments, the conductive component is disposed on the upper surface of the bottom shell of the wearable device, the bottom shell being made of an insulating material.

[0013] In some embodiments, the conductive component is embedded inside the body of the bottom shell of the wearable device, the body of the bottom shell being made of an insulating material.

[0014] In some embodiments, the conductive component includes a metal element; or, the conductive component includes a wireless charging coil.

[0015] In some embodiments, the conductive component is electrically connected to the circuit board via at least one connector.

[0016] In some embodiments, when there are multiple connectors, the multiple connectors are evenly spaced on the circuit board.

[0017] In some embodiments, the connector includes at least one of the following: a conductive spring, a spring probe, and a wire.

[0018] In some embodiments, the circuit board is provided with at least one filter, and the connector is connected to a reference ground of the circuit board through the at least one filter. The filter is used to filter antenna signals of at least one frequency band.

[0019] In some embodiments, in the display plane direction of the screen assembly, the distance between the edge of the display component of the screen assembly and the edge of the cover plate of the screen assembly does not exceed 2.1 mm.

[0020] In some embodiments, the antenna system includes a circularly polarized antenna system.

[0021] In some embodiments, the operating frequency band of the antenna system includes at least one of the L1 and L5 frequency bands of a GPS antenna.

[0022] In some embodiments, the wearable device includes a wrist-worn device.

[0023] This specification provides an embodiment of a wearable device, including: An antenna system comprising a ring-shaped radiator, the radiator including at least a portion of the mid-frame of the wearable device, the radiator being electrically connected to a circuit board of the wearable device; Screen components; A conductive component is disposed on the side of the circuit board opposite to the screen assembly, and the conductive component is electrically connected to the circuit board.

[0024] In some embodiments, the conductive component is disposed on the inner surface of the bottom shell of the wearable device, the bottom shell being made of an insulating material.

[0025] In some embodiments, the conductive component is disposed on the surface of the bottom shell of the wearable device.

[0026] In some embodiments, the conductive component is disposed on the outer surface of the bottom shell of the wearable device.

[0027] In some embodiments, the conductive component is embedded inside the body of the bottom shell of the wearable device, the body of the bottom shell being made of an insulating material.

[0028] In some embodiments, the conductive component includes a metal element.

[0029] In some embodiments, the conductive component includes a wireless charging coil. Optionally, it may also include a switching component for switching the electrical connection between the wireless charging coil and the circuit board, and between the wireless charging coil and the charging module.

[0030] In some embodiments, the conductive component is electrically connected to the circuit board via at least one connector.

[0031] In some embodiments, when there are multiple connectors, the multiple connectors are evenly spaced on the circuit board.

[0032] In some embodiments, the conductive component is electrically connected to the circuit board via a first connector and a second connector. When the wearable device is a wrist-worn device, the first connector and the second connector are located at the 6 o'clock position and the 12 o'clock position of the housing of the wearable device, respectively.

[0033] In some embodiments, the conductive component is electrically connected to the circuit board via a first connector and a second connector, wherein the first connector is located in a first connection area of ​​the housing and the second connector is located in a second connection area of ​​the housing, and the first connection area and the second connection area are used to connect a strap.

[0034] In some embodiments, the connector includes at least one of the following: a conductive spring, a spring probe, and a wire.

[0035] In some embodiments, the circuit board is provided with at least one filter, and the connector is connected to a reference ground of the circuit board through the at least one filter. The filter is used to filter antenna signals of at least one frequency band.

[0036] In some embodiments, the wearable device further includes: The bracket is connected to the inner wall of the radiator, and the screen assembly is assembled and connected to the upper surface of the bracket.

[0037] In some embodiments, the wearable device further includes: A wireless charging assembly, wherein the conductive component is disposed on a side surface of the wireless charging assembly near the screen assembly.

[0038] In some embodiments, an annular recess is provided on the upper inner side of the radiator, and the bracket is disposed on the recess.

[0039] In some embodiments, the screen assembly includes a cover plate and a display component, wherein the upper end face of the bracket is connected to the lower end face of the cover plate.

[0040] In some embodiments, the lower surface of the screen assembly is connected to the upper end surface of the bracket, and the side surface of the screen assembly is connected to the inner wall of the radiator.

[0041] In some embodiments, the antenna system includes a circularly polarized antenna system.

[0042] In some embodiments, the operating frequency band of the antenna system includes at least one of the L1 and L5 frequency bands of a GPS antenna.

[0043] In some embodiments, the antenna system further includes the circuit board, with an annular gap formed between the radiator and the circuit board, the radiator being electrically connected to the feed terminal of the circuit board via a feed terminal, and the radiator being electrically connected to the ground terminal of the circuit board via a ground terminal.

[0044] In some embodiments, a circular hole is formed in the center of the conductive component.

[0045] In some embodiments, the conductive component has a ring-shaped structure.

[0046] In some embodiments, the conductive components substantially cover the bottom surface space of the wearable device's casing.

[0047] In some embodiments, the projected area of ​​the conductive component on the bottom surface of the wearable device is greater than a first value.

[0048] In some embodiments, the conductive component occupies a larger proportion of the area of ​​the bottom surface of the wearable device than the second value.

[0049] In some embodiments, the wearable device includes a wrist-worn device.

[0050] The wearable device described in this specification includes an antenna system, a conductive component, and a screen assembly. The antenna system includes a ring-shaped radiator, which comprises at least a portion of the wearable device's mid-frame and is electrically connected to the wearable device's circuit board. The conductive component is located on the side of the circuit board facing away from the screen assembly and is electrically connected to the circuit board. In this specification embodiment, by connecting the conductive component to the circuit board, the area of ​​the circuit board's reference ground is effectively increased, improving the grounding performance of the antenna system. When a person wears the wearable device, the antenna's radiated electric field can better return to the conductive component, reducing the absorption rate by the human body, thereby improving the antenna performance of the wearable device. Furthermore, for low-frequency antennas (such as GPS L5), the human body can also become part of the antenna, achieving the effect of enhancing the low-frequency antenna performance. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of this specification, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a smartwatch in related technologies.

[0053] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a smartwatch using related technologies.

[0054] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0055] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0056] Figure 5 This is an antenna performance curve of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0057] Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0058] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0059] Figure 8 This is an antenna performance curve of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0060] Figure 9This is an exploded structural diagram of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0061] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0062] Figure 11 This is an antenna performance curve of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0063] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the right-hand circular polarization performance of the antenna of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0064] Figure 13 This is an antenna performance curve of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0065] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0066] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0067] Figure 16 This is an antenna performance curve of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0068] Figure 17 This is an antenna performance curve of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The technical solutions of this specification will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this specification without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this specification. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this specification described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0070] Full-screen is the industry's definition of electronic devices with an ultra-high screen-to-body ratio. Full-screen devices have an ultra-high screen-to-body ratio, resulting in a larger display area and interactive area, improving the user's sensory and interactive experience.

[0071] "Black border" refers to the area within the screen assembly of a full-screen device that cannot display the image. In other words, the screen assembly of an electronic device consists of a display area that shows the image and a black border that does not. With a fixed screen size, reducing the area occupied by the black border can correspondingly increase the screen-to-body ratio.

[0072] To facilitate understanding, the following will be combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 Using the smartwatch shown as an example, the structure and principle of the screen component will be explained.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, the front of the watch has a screen 2, which is used to display screen content and provide touch interaction for the user. Screen 2 is generally a multi-layered stacked structure, comprising at least a cover layer 4 and a display layer 5 from the outermost layer to the innermost layer. Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that screen 2 may also include other layer structures, such as a touch layer, a back panel layer, etc., which will not be elaborated upon in this specification.

[0074] Figure 2 The diagram shows a schematic of the stacked structure of the cover layer 4 and display layer 5 of screen 2. The cover layer 4 is typically a glass cover, which protects the internal structure of the screen assembly. The display layer 5 is used to display images and is generally made of indium tin oxide (ITO). Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a transparent metallic material with poor conductivity. Due to its poor conductivity, it absorbs electromagnetic fields, causing antenna performance to degrade when an antenna radiator approaches the display layer 5.

[0075] In related technologies, in order to encapsulate the screen 2 and assemble the screen 2 with other components, the area of ​​the cover layer 4 is larger than that of the display layer 5. Since the area on the cover layer 4 outside the display layer 5 cannot display images, a "black border" is formed around the display layer 5 when the screen 2 is on.

[0076] For example Figure 2 As shown, the area between the edge of display layer 5 and the edge of cover layer 4 is the black border area. In the field of wrist-worn devices, taking smartwatches as an example, when the width A of the black border of the watch screen does not exceed 2.5mm, the watch can be considered a device with a very high screen-to-body ratio and narrow black border.

[0077] Continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, the black border width A of screen 2 mainly includes three parts: the first part is the width b of the sealing fit between the cover plate layer 4 and the middle frame 1; the second part is the distance a between the display layer 5 and the inner wall of the middle frame 1; and the third part is the edge trace width c of screen 2 itself. Taking a smartwatch as an example, the edge trace width c of the watch screen is about 0.4mm. The black border width A of screen 2 is A = a + b + c.

[0078] In current display technology, the width of edge traces is unavoidable. Furthermore, in current screen assembly methods, the width b of the mating step between the screen and the mid-frame 1 is also unavoidable. Therefore, to increase the screen-to-body ratio of the screen 2 and reduce the black border area, the area of ​​the display layer 5 is typically increased to reduce the width a.

[0079] However, wearable devices have various internal antenna structures. For example, smartwatches often have Bluetooth antennas to enable wireless connectivity with mobile devices; satellite positioning antennas are also commonly used for device location tracking; and some watches also have NFC (Near Field Communication) antennas, cellular network communication antennas, and so on.

[0080] However, the ITO material of display layer 5 has an absorption effect on antenna radiation. Especially for devices that use a metal frame as the antenna radiator, increasing the area of ​​display layer 5 will reduce antenna performance and fail to meet antenna design requirements.

[0081] For example Figure 2 In the example, the metal frame 1 of the watch can be used as an antenna radiator. The radiated energy of the antenna is mainly generated by the gap between the frame 1 and the motherboard 3, and then radiated to the outside through the gap between the display layer 5 and the frame 1 (i.e., the gap of width a). Therefore, if the area of ​​the display layer 5 is increased, the width a between the display layer 5 and the frame 1 will decrease, causing the antenna radiated energy to be absorbed or reduced, and the antenna performance to be significantly degraded.

[0082] Therefore, in order to meet antenna design requirements, the black border width A of most smartwatch screen components is 3.5mm to 4mm, making it difficult to achieve a full-screen device with a narrow black border of 2.5mm or less.

[0083] Based on the deficiencies in the aforementioned related technologies, this specification provides a wearable device designed to improve antenna performance in devices with high screen-to-body ratios and meet antenna design requirements.

[0084] In some embodiments, the wearable device exemplified in this specification includes an antenna system, an insulating support, and a screen assembly.

[0085] An antenna system refers to an electrical system used by wearable devices to establish wireless communication connections with external devices. An antenna system includes a radiator, which is the excitation source of the antenna. The radiator is generally made of a conductive metal, and the shape of the radiator can vary depending on the type of antenna. In the embodiments of this specification, the radiator forming the antenna system is a ring radiator, such as a circular ring radiator, a rectangular ring radiator, etc.

[0086] The wearable device described in this specification may include a housing and a screen assembly. The housing includes a mid-frame and a bottom shell, which can be an integral or separate structure. The screen assembly is disposed at an opening in the housing and is assembled and connected to the mid-frame. For example, taking a smartwatch as an example, the smartwatch includes a watch face and a watch band. The front panel of the watch face is the screen assembly, the side of the watch face is the mid-frame, and the back of the watch face that fits against the user's arm is the bottom shell. At least a portion of the mid-frame can be made of metal, such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc., and the antenna of the wearable device can be implemented through the gap between the metal mid-frame and the circuit board. The bottom shell can be metal or non-metal, such as plastic, sapphire, glass, etc. As an example, this wearable device includes a metal mid-frame and a non-metallic bottom shell, but the embodiments in this specification are not limited to this.

[0087] In the embodiments described in this specification, the antenna radiator may be at least a portion of the metal frame of the wearable device. For example, in some embodiments, the frame of the wearable device may be a one-piece metal structure, thereby using the entire metal frame as the radiator. In other embodiments, the frame of the wearable device may be composed of two parts: a metal frame and a non-metal frame, with the portion corresponding to the metal frame forming the radiator as described in this specification. Those skilled in the art will undoubtedly understand this, and it will not be elaborated further in this specification.

[0088] In addition, a circuit board is installed inside the housing, and a gap is provided between the circuit board and the radiator. The radiator can be electrically connected to the circuit board through the feed terminal and the ground terminal to realize the corresponding antenna system.

[0089] For example, in some embodiments, the radiator can be connected to the radio frequency (RF) circuit on the circuit board via a feed terminal and to the reference ground of the circuit board via a ground terminal. The RF circuit can be an antenna RF chip, which acts as the excitation source of the antenna system to generate an electrical signal and radiate antenna energy to the outside through the radiator. The circuit board can be a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit), etc., and the specific implementation of the circuit board is not limited in the embodiments of this specification. In one example, the circuit board is a motherboard, and the reference ground of the circuit board includes the reference ground layer of the motherboard. The motherboard includes a multi-layer copper sheet stack structure, wherein one or more copper sheets serve as the reference ground of the motherboard. When designing the antenna system, the resonant frequency of the antenna system can be changed accordingly by adjusting the effective electrical length of the antenna system.

[0090] In the aforementioned antenna system, a linearly polarized antenna can be implemented. By adjusting the corresponding resonant frequency, linearly polarized antennas for various operating frequency bands can be achieved, such as GPS linearly polarized antennas. However, in the embodiments of this specification, the antenna system can also be a circularly polarized antenna. Moreover, the circularly polarized antenna can be a single-frequency circularly polarized antenna, for example, a circularly polarized antenna for implementing the L1 band of GPS, or a multi-frequency circularly polarized antenna, for example, a circularly polarized antenna for implementing the L1 and L5 bands of GPS. This will be described in detail below.

[0091] Based on the radiator described above, the embodiments in this specification do not impose any restrictions on the type and frequency band of the antenna system formed. It can be any antenna system suitable for implementation, which will be understood by those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0092] Based on the antenna system described above, the wearable device in the embodiments of this specification further includes a screen assembly, which includes a display module disposed on one end face of the middle frame and assembled and connected to the middle frame.

[0093] For example, in some embodiments, still taking a smartwatch as an example, the metal frame of the watch is used to realize the radiator of the antenna system. One end face of the metal frame can be used to assemble the bottom shell, and the other end face can be used to assemble the screen assembly. The bottom shell and the frame form a cavity structure, and the circuit board and other electrical components of the watch (such as batteries, motors, and sensors) can be placed in the cavity.

[0094] In the embodiments described in this specification, a bracket made of an insulating material is provided at the assembly location between the metal frame and the screen assembly. For example, in some embodiments, in Figure 2 Based on the example shown, a bracket is provided on the mounting surface of the middle frame step. Specifically, a recessed structure is provided around the inner side of the upper end face of the radiator, and the bracket is provided on the recess, so that the screen assembly is connected by the bracket.

[0095] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments in this specification, the following description is provided in conjunction with... Figure 3 As shown, this manual will still use a smartwatch as an example to explain the structure and principle of wearable devices.

[0096] like Figure 3As shown in some embodiments of this specification, the watch's frame 10 is a one-piece metal structure, and the bottom of the frame 10 is connected to the bottom case 12, wherein the bottom case 12 can be a non-metallic structure. The bottom case 12 includes a bottom surface 13 and a side portion. The side portion of the bottom case 12 and the frame 10 together form the side of the wearable device. The bottom surface 13 and the side portion of the bottom case 12 can both be non-metallic structures, or the bottom surface 13 can be a non-metallic structure while the side portion is a metallic structure. They can be integrated or separate, and this specification does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0097] In this example, the middle frame 10 is used as the radiator of the watch antenna system for description. That is, the radiator 11 mentioned below refers to... Figure 3 The middle frame 10 is shown. It is also understood that in other embodiments, the radiator 11 may include only a portion of the middle frame 10, or the radiator may include the middle frame 10 and a portion of the bottom shell 12; this specification does not limit the embodiments in this way.

[0098] An annular recess 110 is provided on the inner side of the upper end face of the radiator 11 (see...). Figure 4 As shown, the recess can be arranged around the radiator 11, but the embodiments in this specification are not limited to this. The bracket 40 is a ring-shaped bracket made of insulating material that matches the shape of the recess 110, so that the bracket 40 is assembled in the recess 110, and the screen assembly 20 is assembled and connected to the upper end face of the bracket 40.

[0099] In the embodiments described in this specification, the bracket 40 is made of an insulating material, and the radiated energy generated by the gap between the radiator 11 and the circuit board 30 can pass through the bracket 40 and radiate to the outside. In other words, in the example embodiment of this specification, on the front of the watch where the screen assembly 20 is located, the gap width for the radiated energy of the antenna system to radiate to the outside is the distance d between the edge of the display component 22 and the edge of the cover plate 21.

[0100] By comparison Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that, in Figure 2 In the relevant technical solution, the black border width A of screen 2 is a + b + c. Assuming that the distance between the edge of display layer 5 and the inner wall of middle frame 1 is a = 2.0mm, and the width of the mounting step between screen 2 and middle frame 1 is b = 0.8mm, then the final black border width A = 2.0mm + 0.8mm + 0.4mm = 3.2mm.

[0101] In this instruction manual Figure 3In this embodiment, while the distance d = 2.0 mm between the edge of the display component 22 and the inner wall of the radiator 11 remains unchanged, the width of the distance between the edge of the display component 22 and the edge of the cover plate 21 is also d = 2.0 mm, and the final black border width A = d + 0.4 mm = 2.4 mm is achieved, thus realizing a screen design with a high screen ratio.

[0102] In addition, the radiated energy of the antenna system is radiated to the outside through the gap between the display component 22 and the radiator 11. Figure 3 In the embodiment, the distance d between the edge of the display component 22 and the inner wall of the radiator 11 is... Figure 2 In the example shown, the distance 'a' between the edge of component 22 and the inner wall of the middle frame 10 is equal, that is, d = a = 2.0 mm. Therefore, Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the efficiency of both antennas in radiating energy to the outside is essentially the same, and their antenna performance is comparable. In other words, in this embodiment of the specification, the non-display area of ​​the screen component 20 can be reduced and the screen-to-body ratio increased while ensuring antenna performance.

[0103] As can be seen from the above, in the embodiments of this specification, the screen component of the wearable device is assembled and connected to the radiator of the antenna system through an insulator bracket. For the antenna system with a metal frame as the radiator, the width of the radiation gap between the frame and the screen component can be increased. Even when assembling a screen component with an ultra-high screen ratio, the antenna performance requirements can still be met, realizing a wearable device with an ultra-narrow black border, and improving the user's sensory and interactive experience.

[0104] To further illustrate the effects of the embodiments in this specification, the following examples are used... Figure 3 The embodiments of this manual will be described using the smartwatch shown as an example.

[0105] Figure 4 It shows Figure 3 An exploded view of an example smartwatch in the embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the watch exemplified in this specification includes a screen assembly 20, a bracket 40, a shield 50, a radiator 11, a circuit board 30, a battery 60, and a bottom case 12.

[0106] The screen assembly 20 includes a cover plate 21 and a display component 22 stacked together. A recess 110 is formed on the inner side of the upper surface of the radiator 11, and the recess 110 is a stepped groove formed around the perimeter. The bracket 40 is made of an insulating material, such as plastic or rubber, and has a ring structure. The size of the ring matches the recess 110, so that the screen assembly 20 is mounted on the recess 110 via the bracket 40.

[0107] The circuit board 30 and the battery 60 are located inside the cavity formed by the radiator 11 and the bottom shell 12. The shielding cover 50 is located on the circuit board 30. The shielding cover 50 is used to electromagnetically shield the various electrical components on the circuit board 30. Those skilled in the art will understand this, and it will not be described in detail here.

[0108] In this example embodiment, the circuit board 30 is a circular main board, and the size of the circuit board 30 is slightly smaller than that of the radiator 11, thus... Figure 3 As shown, after the circuit board 30 is assembled, an annular gap is formed between the edge of the circuit board 30 and the inner wall of the radiator 11. By bridging the ground terminal and the feed terminal in this gap, that is, the radiator 11 is connected to the feed terminal of the circuit board 30 through the feed terminal, and the radiator 11 is connected to the ground terminal of the circuit board 30 through the ground terminal, the radiator 11 and the circuit board 30 can be used to form an antenna system.

[0109] In this example embodiment, the bottom shell 12 includes a bottom surface 13 and a side portion. The bottom surface 13 and the side portion are integrally formed. The side portion of the bottom shell 12 is connected to the radiator 11 to jointly form the side of the smartwatch. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the bottom shell 12 may only include the bottom surface 13 and not the side portion, that is, the side of the watch is entirely formed by the middle frame 10.

[0110] In this example embodiment, the recess 110 is a stepped groove, which includes a bottom surface and a side surface. The lower surface and / or outer wall of the bracket 40 can be connected to the bottom surface and side surface of the recess 110 by adhesive bonding. In addition, the upper end surface of the bracket 40 can be connected to the cover plate 21 of the screen assembly 20 by dispensing adhesive to achieve the purpose of sealing and waterproofing.

[0111] Figure 4 The cross-sectional view of the assembled parts of the example structure is as follows. Figure 3 As shown. To illustrate the effect of the bracket 40 in the embodiments of this specification, the following description will take a dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna as an example.

[0112] The civilian frequency bands of the GPS satellite positioning system mainly include the L1 band and the L5 band. The center operating frequency of the L1 band is approximately 1.575 GHz, and the center operating frequency of the L5 band is approximately 1.176 GHz. Dual-frequency GPS refers to GPS that supports both the L1 and L5 bands simultaneously. The L1 band is used as the basic frequency band, and the L5 band is used as an auxiliary frequency band to L1. This can eliminate ionospheric errors and greatly improve positioning accuracy.

[0113] Furthermore, to enhance the efficiency of satellite-to-ground signal transmission, such as increasing penetration and improving coverage, GPS satellites in dual-band circularly polarized antenna systems employ circularly polarized antennas for their ground transmission. Since circularly polarized waves generated by a circularly polarized antenna can be received by linearly polarized antennas of any direction, and conversely, circularly polarized antennas can also receive incoming waves of any linear polarization, exhibiting excellent antenna performance. With comparable antenna efficiency, ground equipment receiving satellite signals using circularly polarized antennas experiences approximately a 3dB improvement in signal strength compared to linearly polarized antennas. Therefore, compared to linearly polarized GPS antennas, circularly polarized GPS antennas offer better resistance to ionospheric interference and stronger resistance to multipath interference, thereby enabling the acquisition of more accurate position information and motion trajectories.

[0114] To facilitate understanding of the structure and principle of dual-frequency circularly polarized antennas, a brief explanation of dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS using a ring radiator is provided below.

[0115] First, referring to the description of the circularly polarized antenna in the inventors' Chinese patent applications CN111916898A and CN112003006A, it can be seen that circular polarization can be achieved by directly feeding the rotating current generated by the ring radiator. Furthermore, by using capacitors and / or inductors to return the circularly polarized antenna to ground at different positions of the ring radiator, the resonant frequency of the circularly polarized antenna can be adjusted to achieve the resonant frequency required by the antenna system.

[0116] Secondly, as can be seen from the inventor's description of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna in the international patent application PCT / CN2022 / 083357, by adding corresponding filters to the capacitor and / or inductor ground, a circularly polarized antenna system for the GPS L1 band and GPS L5 band can be realized using a ring radiator, that is, a dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna can be realized.

[0117] Those skilled in the art can understand and fully implement the dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna system by referring to the above-mentioned related technologies, and this specification will not elaborate further on this.

[0118] Based on the aforementioned dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna, assuming the distance d between the edge of the display component 22 of the screen assembly 20 and the edge of the cover plate 21 is 1.8mm, that is, the black border width is A=d+0.4mm=2.2mm. In this case, Figure 5 The curves showing the changes in antenna performance of the smartwatch when worn on the arm are illustrated, under conditions of no support and support 40 at different heights H.

[0119] exist Figure 5 In the antenna performance variation curves shown, the "no support" case corresponds to... Figure 2 The relevant technical solutions shown are obtained through Figure 5As can be seen, compared to Figure 2 In related technologies, the "supportless" solution, after adding the support bracket 40, improves the radiation performance of the antenna system across all frequency bands, and the improvement in antenna performance increases with the height H of the support bracket 40. For example, as... Figure 5 As shown, in the smartwatch scenario, the antenna performance is better when the height H of the bracket 40 is greater than or equal to 2mm.

[0120] In some implementations, the recess may not be provided on the radiator 11, the lower end of the bracket 40 may be flush with the lower end face of the radiator 11, or the lower end of the bracket 40 may be connected to the inner surface of the bottom shell. In this case, the height of the bracket 40 may be equal to or slightly less than the height of the radiator 11, or the difference between the height of the bracket 40 and the height of the radiator 11 may be within a specific numerical range. This specification does not limit this aspect in the embodiments.

[0121] At this point, as an example, the lower surface of the cover plate 21 of the screen assembly can be connected to the upper surface of the bracket 40, and the side of the cover plate can be connected to the side wall of the bracket 40 or the side wall of the radiator 11. That is, a recess for supporting the cover plate can be provided on the inner side of the upper surface of the bracket 40 or the radiator 11, but the embodiments in this specification are not limited to this.

[0122] Therefore, it can be explained that, in the embodiments of this specification, by using an insulator bracket for assembly and connection between the screen assembly and the metal frame, the antenna performance of the antenna system using the metal frame as the radiator can be effectively improved. Thus, while maintaining the same antenna performance, the solution in the embodiments of this specification can further increase the area of ​​the display layer in the screen assembly, thereby reducing the "black border" of the screen display and resulting in a higher screen-to-body ratio.

[0123] The foregoing conclusion demonstrates the feasibility of improving antenna performance by assembling and connecting the screen assembly and the metal frame radiator using an insulator bracket in the embodiments of this specification. Based on this conclusion, a narrower "black border" and a higher screen-to-body ratio can be achieved under the same antenna performance requirements. In other embodiments of this specification, the antenna performance of the wearable device's antenna system can also be improved by incorporating conductive components within the wearable device.

[0124] In some embodiments, the wearable device exemplified in this specification includes an antenna system, a screen assembly, and conductive components. In the embodiments described herein, the antenna system and screen assembly can be referred to in any of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0125] In the embodiments described in this specification, the conductive component may include a metal conductor electrically connected to the circuit board. For example, in some examples, the conductive component may be a metal sheet, a metal plate, or a metal coil. The conductive component may be disposed between the circuit board and the bottom shell, or the conductive component may be disposed on the inner surface of the bottom shell of the wearable device or inside the bottom shell. The conductive component may be electrically connected to a reference ground of the circuit board via one or more connectors. As an example, the conductive component may be disposed on the inner surface of the bottom portion of the bottom shell, or the conductive component may be embedded inside the bottom shell body.

[0126] For example Figure 6 In this embodiment, the wearable device is still a smartwatch, which includes a conductive component 70. In this example, the conductive component 70 is a metal sheet that matches the shape of the inner wall of the bottom surface 13 of the bottom shell 12, and is thus bonded to the inner surface of the bottom shell 12 by processes such as FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) or LDS (Laser Direct Structuring). In this example, the bottom shell of the smartwatch generally has a circular hole in the middle for setting the heart rate monitor bump, and the conductive component 70 also has a circular hole in the middle, forming a ring shape that matches the shape of the bottom shell 12.

[0127] Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 See the cross-sectional diagram of the smartwatch. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the example, the conductive component 70 is electrically connected to the reference ground of the circuit board 30 through one or more connectors 80. Since the conductive component 70 is connected to the reference ground of the circuit board 30, the conductive component 70 can be considered as a ground extension surface of the circuit board's reference ground, thereby increasing the reference ground area of ​​the circuit board 30. For example, Figure 6 In the example shown, the conductive component 70 is electrically connected to the circuit board 30 through four evenly arranged steel grounding posts. The steel grounding posts extend from the upper surface of the conductive component to the lower surface of the circuit board. This connector 80 can also be implemented in other ways, and this specification does not limit the embodiments thereto.

[0128] In the embodiments described in this specification, the conductive component 70 is electrically connected to the circuit board 30, enabling the conductive component 70 to be grounded. Theoretically, only one connector 80 is needed to establish an electrical connection between the conductive component 70 and the reference ground of the circuit board 30. However, the inventors have discovered through research that the number and position of the connectors 80 also affect antenna performance due to the influence of the antenna feed location. Therefore, to reduce the negative impact of the connectors 80 on antenna performance, the configuration of the connectors 80 will be described below.

[0129] In some embodiments of this specification, the connector 80 connecting the conductive component 70 to the circuit board 30 can be implemented by means of conductive springs, spring probes (Pogo-Pin), or wires, etc., which will not be described in detail in this specification.

[0130] It is worth noting that the inventors in this case discovered, through studying the electric field distribution of antennas, that for traditional antennas, for example... Figure 2 In the antenna structure shown, during the process of the radiated electric field from outside the watch passing through the gap between the display component 22 and the middle frame 10 and returning to the reference ground of the circuit board 30, most of the electric field is absorbed by the human arm, resulting in poor arm-wearing performance of the antenna system.

[0131] Therefore, in this embodiment of the specification, by providing a conductive component 70 on the watch case 12, the reference ground area of ​​the circuit board 30 is effectively increased and brought closer to the arm. This allows most of the radiated electric field from outside the watch to return to the conductive component 70, with only a small portion being absorbed by the arm, significantly improving the arm-wearing performance of the antenna system. Furthermore, for lower-frequency antennas, the arm can be used as part of the low-frequency antenna, enhancing its performance.

[0132] To verify the above conclusion, Figure 8 The figure shows the antenna performance curves of the dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna system with and without the conductive component 70. Figure 8 In the middle, the thin solid line represents "non-conductive parts". Figure 2 The antenna performance curves in the related technical solutions shown are represented by the thick solid line indicating "conductive components". Figure 6 and Figure 7 The antenna performance curve of the smartwatch with conductive component 70 shown in the embodiment of this specification is illustrated.

[0133] pass Figure 8 As can be seen, compared to Figure 2 In related technologies, the "non-conductive component" solution, after adding the conductive component 70, shows a small improvement in antenna performance in the 1.575GHz band of GPS L1, but an improvement of approximately 2.6dB in the 1.176GHz band of GPS L5. This demonstrates that by placing the conductive component 70 at the bottom of the watch case 12, the antenna system, especially the low-frequency antenna, can be significantly improved, enhancing the performance of the watch when worn on the wrist.

[0134] Furthermore, the inventors discovered through research that the larger the area of ​​the conductive component 70, the better the antenna performance improvement. Therefore, in some embodiments, provided that other electrical components of the watch are not affected, the conductive component 70 can be arranged to fill the bottom surface 13 space of the bottom case 12 as much as possible to obtain better antenna performance.

[0135] As can be seen from the above analysis, the antenna performance can be improved by the individual action of the bracket 40 and the conductive component 70. Therefore, in the embodiments of this specification, the bracket 40 and the conductive component 70 can be implemented separately in the wearable device, or the bracket 40 and the conductive component 70 can be set in the wearable device at the same time. In this case, the performance of the antenna system is better than the case of setting the bracket 40 or the conductive component 70 alone.

[0136] For example, in some embodiments, the support 40 may be provided only between the screen assembly and the radiator of the wearable device, without providing the conductive component 70 at the bottom of the housing. In yet other embodiments, the conductive component 70 may be provided only at the bottom of the wearable device, without providing the support 40 between the screen assembly and the radiator. Those skilled in the art will understand this by referring to the foregoing embodiments, and further details are omitted here.

[0137] In other embodiments, a support 40 can be provided between the screen assembly and the radiator of the wearable device, while a conductive component 70 is provided at the bottom shell position. The following describes the details... Figure 9 The examples are described below.

[0138] like Figure 9 As shown, the smartwatch includes an insulating bracket 40 disposed between the screen assembly 20 and the radiator 11, and also includes a conductive component 70 disposed on the upper surface of the bottom surface 13 of the bottom case 12. Figure 10 It shows Figure 9 The cross-sectional structural diagram of the smartwatch shows that the assembly method of the bracket 40 and the conductive component 70 is the same as described above, and will not be repeated in this manual.

[0139] Figure 11 The antenna performance curves of the dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna system in the above-mentioned different schemes are shown. It is assumed that the distance from the edge of the display component 22 of the screen assembly 20 to the edge of the cover plate 21 is d=1.8mm, that is, the black border width is A=d+0.4mm=2.2mm, and the height of the bracket 40 is H=2.0mm.

[0140] exist Figure 11 In the diagram, dashed lines represent the antenna performance of different antenna system configurations in a free state, while solid lines represent the antenna performance of different antenna system configurations when worn on the arm. Specifically, the following three antenna system configurations are given for both the free state and the arm-wearing state: 1) Original state This refers to the absence of both the support bracket 40 and the bottom conductive component 70, corresponding to... Figure 2 The relevant technical solutions are shown.

[0141] 2) Only conductive components This refers to not setting the bracket 40, but only setting the bottom conductive component 70, corresponding to... Figure 6 and Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment is shown.

[0142] 3) It has a support frame and conductive components. This refers to the simultaneous installation of a bracket 40 and a bottom conductive component 70, corresponding to... Figure 9 and Figure 10 The illustrated embodiment is shown.

[0143] By comparison Figure 11 As shown in the antenna performance curves, the arm-worn state has a greater impact on antenna performance compared to the free state. When worn on the arm, if the aforementioned bracket 40 is further installed on the screen end in addition to the conductive component 70, i.e., both the bracket 40 and the conductive component 70 are installed simultaneously, the antenna performance is improved by approximately 0.3dB in the 1.575GHz band of GPS L1 and 0.5dB in the 1.176GHz band of GPS L5.

[0144] pass Figure 11 It can be seen that by setting an insulating bracket 40 between the screen assembly 20 and the radiator 11, the antenna performance of the antenna system implemented using the metal frame can be improved, and it has a good performance improvement effect on each antenna frequency band. Furthermore, by setting a conductive component 70 at the bottom shell, the antenna performance of the antenna system implemented using the metal frame can also be improved, and the conductive component 70 has a better performance improvement effect on low frequency antennas.

[0145] Figure 12 This illustrates the right-hand circular polarization performance of GPS L1 in the aforementioned example smartwatch when the antenna system is worn. Figure 12 As can be seen in this example, the GPS L1 band of the antenna system has excellent right-hand circular polarization performance, which also meets the design requirements of GPS circular polarization antennas. This is because civilian GPS satellite positioning uses right-hand circular polarization waves, so good right-hand circular polarization performance can improve the antenna's ability to receive signals.

[0146] To further demonstrate the beneficial effect of the conductive component 70 on antenna performance in the narrow bezel wearable device described in the embodiments of this specification, the bezel width of the screen assembly 20 is further reduced in the following embodiments.

[0147] exist Figure 10 In this embodiment, the black border width A of the screen component 20 is 2.2 mm. The area of ​​the display component 22 is further increased, reducing the black border width A to A = 1.8 mm (i.e., d = 1.4 mm). Figure 13 The antenna performance of different antenna configurations when worn on the arm is shown when the black border width A = 1.8 mm.

[0148] See Figure 13 As shown, the embodiments in this specification are different from the original state (i.e., Figure 2 In the implementation scheme where neither the support bracket 40 nor the conductive component 70 is included, the antenna performance of GPS L5 in the 1.176GHz band is significantly improved by including the conductive component 70, and the performance of GPS L1 in the 1.575GHz band is also improved to some extent. When both the support bracket 40 and the conductive component 70 are included, the antenna performance of GPS L5 in the 1.176GHz band is further improved by 3.9dB compared to the original state, and the antenna performance of GPS L1 in the 1.575GHz band is also improved by 1.3dB compared to the original state.

[0149] This demonstrates that, in the embodiments of this specification, the antenna performance of wearable devices with narrower black borders can still be significantly improved, meeting the design requirements of dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antennas.

[0150] In addition, in comparison Figure 11 and Figure 13 As can be seen from the curve, when the black border width A is reduced from 2.2mm to 1.8mm, the antenna performance of the dual-frequency GPS antenna system is actually improved, which shows the superiority of the antenna design scheme provided in this specification in the case of narrow black borders.

[0151] Table 1 below shows a performance comparison of the dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna systems of the embodiments in this specification and related technical solutions under different black border widths.

[0152] Table 1 In the embodiments shown in Table 1, "original structure" refers to, for example... Figure 2 The related technical solutions shown, "structure of this specification" refers to the above-described embodiment in which the bracket 40 and the conductive component 70 are simultaneously provided.

[0153] As shown in Table 1, in the relevant technical solutions of the original structure, when the black border width A is reduced from 2.2mm to 1.8mm, the performance of GPS L1 decreases from -8.0dB to -8.9dB, and the performance of GPS L5 decreases from -10.6dB to -11.6dB. This shows that reducing the black border width by increasing the area of ​​the display layer 22 will lead to a decrease in antenna performance.

[0154] As can be seen from the comparison, in the embodiments of this specification, by setting the bracket 40 and the conductive component 70, the antenna performance is significantly improved for both the GPS L1 and GPS L5 bands. Furthermore, by comparing different black border widths, it can be seen that with the structure provided in the embodiments of this specification, i.e., when both the bracket and the conductive component are set, the antenna performance improvement is greater as the black border width decreases. This indicates that the embodiments of this specification are more suitable for wearable devices with ultra-narrow black borders and can meet the antenna design requirements of such devices.

[0155] As described above, in the embodiments of this specification, the screen assembly of the wearable device is assembled and connected to the radiator of the antenna system via an insulator bracket. For an antenna system with a metal frame as the radiator, this increases the width of the radiation gap between the frame and the screen assembly. Even with a screen assembly of ultra-high screen-to-body ratio, the antenna performance requirements can still be met, achieving an ultra-narrow bezel wearable device and improving the user's sensory and interactive experience. Furthermore, by grounding a conductive component at the end opposite to the screen assembly, the performance of the antenna system can be further improved, meeting the antenna design requirements of ultra-narrow bezel devices.

[0156] Of course, it is understood that the above embodiments are merely examples of wearable devices in this specification and do not limit the solutions described herein.

[0157] For example, in some embodiments, the type of wearable device is not limited to the smartwatch described above. It can be any type of device suitable for implementation, such as smartwatches, smart bracelets and other wrist-worn devices, smart glasses, smart helmets and other head-worn devices, foot-worn devices, wearable devices set in clothing or accessories, etc. This specification does not limit this.

[0158] For example, in some embodiments, the type of antenna system is not limited to a dual-band circularly polarized antenna; it can be any antenna system suitable for implementation using a ring radiator, such as a linearly polarized antenna, a single-band circularly polarized antenna, etc. The operating frequency band of the antenna system is not limited to the GPS band; it can also be any other suitable communication band, such as WiFi, Bluetooth, 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G communication bands, etc., and this specification does not impose any limitations on this.

[0159] For other types of antenna systems, whether linearly polarized antennas, single-frequency circularly polarized antennas, dual-frequency circularly polarized antennas, or adjustments to the operating frequency band of the antenna system, those skilled in the art can undoubtedly understand and fully implement them by referring to relevant technologies. The specific structure and principle of the antenna system will not be described in detail in this specification.

[0160] For example, in some embodiments, the conductive component 70 is not limited to the metal sheet described above, but can be any other suitable structure, such as a metal coating, a wireless charging coil, etc. It is particularly noteworthy that some smartwatches often have a wireless charging function located at the bottom of the watch. A wireless charging coil is essential for implementing this function and can itself serve as a good conductive component. Therefore, in some embodiments of this specification, existing wireless charging coils can be used as the conductive component 70, eliminating the need for additional hardware structures and reducing costs.

[0161] Furthermore, in some embodiments, when the wireless charging coil of the watch is used as the conductive component 70, the conductive component 70 in this embodiment needs to be connected to the reference ground of the circuit board 30, while the wireless charging coil needs to be connected to the wireless charging circuit module to achieve the wireless charging function. Therefore, to ensure that the original wireless charging function of the wireless charging coil is not affected, a switching component can be provided. This switching component can include at least one switch for switching the electrical connection between the wireless charging coil and the circuit board, and between the wireless charging coil and the charging module. When charging using the wireless charging coil, the switching component can control the electrical connection between the wireless charging coil and the wireless charging module to achieve wireless charging of the wearable device. In the non-charging state, the switching component can control the electrical connection between the wireless charging coil and the reference ground of the circuit board 30 to achieve the function of the conductive component 70 and improve antenna performance. The switch can be, for example, a multiplexer, a transistor switch, etc., which can be implemented by those skilled in the art with reference to relevant technologies, and will not be described in detail here.

[0162] The location of the conductive component 70 is not limited to the inner surface of the bottom shell 12 as in the example above. It can also be located inside the bottom shell 12, for example, by in-mold injection molding, where the metal conductive component 70 is injection molded into the interior of the bottom shell 12 body. Figure 14 As shown, the body of the bottom shell 12 is made of plastic, and the conductive component 70 is located inside the body of the bottom shell 12. Those skilled in the art will understand this, and this specification will not elaborate further.

[0163] In addition, in, for example Figure 7 and Figure 10In the illustrated embodiment, the conductive component 70 can be disposed on the upper surface of the bottom shell 12, and is tightly fitted to the upper surface of the bottom shell 12. In some embodiments, in a wearable device with wireless charging functionality, the conductive component 70 can also be disposed on the wireless charging assembly of the wearable device, for example, on the surface of the wireless charging assembly near the screen assembly. Optionally, the conductive component 70 can be connected to the wireless charging assembly, for example, by adhesive bonding; or, the conductive component 70 can be physically abutted against the wireless charging assembly; or, the conductive component 70 can be connected to the wireless charging assembly through other components. This specification does not limit the connection method between the two components in the embodiments.

[0164] As an example, the wireless charging assembly may include a wireless charging coil and an isolator located above the wireless charging coil, with the conductive component 70 disposed on the isolator. For example... Figure 15 As shown, the watch includes a wireless charging assembly 90, which includes a charging coil 91 disposed on the upper surface of the bottom case 12 and a nanocrystalline layer 92 disposed above the charging coil 91. The wireless charging coil 91 is connected to a wireless charging circuit, which can be disposed on a circuit board 30 or in another location. The nanocrystalline layer 92 can be used to electrically isolate the wireless charging coil from other electrical components. In this example, a conductive component 70 can be disposed above the nanocrystalline layer 92 of the wireless charging assembly 90, so that the conductive component 70 does not affect the wireless charging function of the watch.

[0165] In some examples, both the nanocrystalline layer 92 and the conductive component 70 are ring-shaped structures, and the ring-shaped structure of the conductive component has a large cross-sectional area, but the embodiments in this specification are not limited to this.

[0166] In some embodiments, the conductive component 70 is not limited to a direct connection to the circuit board 30. It is understood that the purpose of connecting the conductive component 70 to the circuit board 30 is to connect the conductive component 70 to the reference ground of the entire system (i.e., the reference ground layer of the circuit board). In electronic device systems, there are many components that need to be grounded, and the conductive component 70 can also achieve indirect grounding by connecting to these components. For example, in one example, the battery 60 often has good grounding performance, so the conductive component 70 can also establish an electrical connection with the battery 60 to achieve grounding. Those skilled in the art will understand this, and this specification will not elaborate further.

[0167] It is worth noting that, see, for example... Figure 13As shown, the antenna performance curves for "original state" and "only conductive parts" show that, in the case of connecting only the bottom conductive part 70 to the circuit board reference ground without setting the bracket 40, the antenna performance of the 1.176GHz band of GPS L5 in the dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna system is greatly improved, while the antenna performance of the 1.575GHz band of GPS L1 is only slightly improved.

[0168] In order to avoid the impact of the bottom conductive component 70 on the performance of the GPS L1 band antenna, in some embodiments, a filter can be used when the conductive component 70 is connected to the circuit board 30, so that the filter can filter out antenna signal interference from at least one unwanted frequency band.

[0169] Specifically, in the dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna system exemplified in this specification, the design aims to avoid the conductive component 70 from affecting the performance of the GPS L1 band antenna. Therefore, a filter can be set on the circuit board 30, which can at least filter out signals in the GPS L1 band. For example, the filter can be a high-pass filter, a band-pass filter, a band-stop filter, etc., and this specification does not limit this.

[0170] Each connector 80 is electrically connected to the reference ground of the circuit board 30 through a filter. It can be understood that the electrical connection between the conductive component 70 and the circuit board 30 will block the signal of the GPS L1 band. Therefore, the conductive component 70 will not affect the GPS L1 band, but can only improve the antenna performance of the GPS L5 band.

[0171] As can be seen from the above, in the embodiments of this specification, filters can be used to shield signals of any one or more operating frequency bands in a multi-frequency antenna system, thereby enabling targeted performance adjustments to the required frequency bands and enriching antenna design methods.

[0172] Furthermore, it is worth noting that the inventors of this case have further discovered that, in the smartwatch of the above example, the position of the circuit board 30 also has a certain impact on the performance of the antenna system.

[0173] Figure 16 The diagram shows the antenna performance changes of a dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna system when the black border width A = 2.2 mm and the bracket height H = 2.0 mm, by moving the position of the circuit board 30 up or down. Figure 16 In the embodiments, "original PCB location" refers to, for example... Figure 10 The indicated position; "PCB moved up 1mm" refers to... Figure 10 Based on this, the circuit board 30 is moved 1mm toward the screen assembly 20; "PCB moved down 1mm" means that... Figure 10Based on this, move the circuit board 30 1mm toward the bottom shell 12.

[0174] pass Figure 16 As can be seen, for the original PCB location, moving the circuit board 30 upwards by 1mm significantly improved the antenna performance of the 1.176GHz band for GPS L5, while slightly decreasing the antenna performance of the 1.575GHz band for GPS L1. Conversely, for the original PCB location, moving the circuit board 30 downwards by 1mm significantly decreased the antenna performance of the 1.176GHz band for GPS L5, while increasing the antenna performance of the 1.575GHz band for GPS L1 to some extent.

[0175] Therefore, although moving the position of circuit board 30 cannot simultaneously improve the performance of the antenna system, this theory allows for fine-tuning of the antenna performance of the multi-band antenna system, thus providing auxiliary adjustments to antenna performance. For example, if GPS L1 performance is insufficient while GPS L5 performance is good, circuit board 30 can be moved upwards to balance the performance of the two GPS bands. Conversely, if GPS L1 performance is good while GPS L5 performance is poor, circuit board 30 can be moved downwards to balance the performance of the two GPS bands. Therefore, in practical applications, the circuit board can be positioned in specific locations according to the required antenna performance, such as a specific distance from the screen assembly, a specific distance from the bottom housing, and so on.

[0176] As can be seen from the above, in the embodiments of this specification, the performance of the multi-frequency antenna system can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the circuit board, thus enriching the antenna design methods.

[0177] In the embodiments described in this specification, the conductive component 70 can be electrically connected to the circuit board 30 through one or more connectors 80.

[0178] For example, in the smartwatch example above, the conductive component 70 located on the inner surface of the bottom case 12 or inside the bottom case 12 can be electrically connected to the circuit board 30 via four connectors 80. The four connectors 80 can be evenly spaced in a circular direction along the edge of the circuit board 30. For example, in one example, the four connectors 80 are respectively connected to the circuit board 30 at the positions corresponding to 3 o'clock, 6 o'clock, 9 o'clock, and 12 o'clock.

[0179] The number of different connectors (80) can also affect antenna performance. Figure 17 The performance curves of the antenna system are shown for different numbers of connectors. Figure 17In the embodiment, when there is one connector 80, the connector 80 corresponds to the 3 o'clock position on the circuit board 30; when there are two connectors 80, they correspond to the 6 o'clock and 12 o'clock positions on the circuit board 30, respectively; when there are four connectors 80, they correspond to the 3 o'clock, 6 o'clock, 9 o'clock and 12 o'clock positions on the circuit board 30, respectively.

[0180] pass Figure 17 As shown, the dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna system performs well when there are two connectors 80, which are connected at the 6 o'clock and 12 o'clock positions respectively. Therefore, under this configuration, two connectors 80 can be set to connect the conductive components and the circuit board.

[0181] Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that the number of connectors 80 can be one or more, and this specification does not limit this. However, when there are multiple connectors 80, the multiple connectors 80 are evenly spaced on the circuit board, which can maximize the stability of the influence of the conductive component 70 on the antenna performance when the feed position changes, thus making the antenna performance most stable.

[0182] As can be seen from the above, in the embodiments of this specification, the performance of the multi-frequency antenna system can be adjusted by changing the number and position of the connectors, thus enriching the antenna design methods.

[0183] It is understood that the wearable device in the embodiments of this specification can achieve screen display with ultra-narrow black borders. For example, in some embodiments, the distance between the edge of the display component 22 of the screen assembly 20 and the edge of the cover plate 21 does not exceed 2.1mm.

[0184] In the embodiments described in this specification, the screen assembly of the wearable device is assembled and connected to the radiator of the antenna system via an insulator bracket. For an antenna system with a metal frame as the radiator, this increases the width of the radiation gap between the frame and the screen assembly. Even with an ultra-high screen-to-body ratio screen assembly, antenna performance requirements can still be met, achieving an ultra-narrow bezel wearable device and improving the user's sensory and interactive experience. Furthermore, by grounding a conductive component at the end opposite the screen assembly, the performance of the antenna system can be further improved, meeting the antenna design requirements for ultra-narrow bezel devices.

[0185] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clear illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description, and any obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection created by this specification.

Claims

1. A wearable device, characterized in that, include: An antenna system comprising a ring-shaped radiator, the radiator including at least a portion of the mid-frame of the wearable device, the radiator being electrically connected to a circuit board of the wearable device; Screen components; A conductive component is disposed on the side of the circuit board opposite to the screen assembly, and the conductive component is electrically connected to the circuit board.

2. The wearable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive component is disposed on the inner surface of the bottom shell of the wearable device, and the bottom shell is made of insulating material; or The conductive component is disposed on the surface of the bottom shell of the wearable device; or The conductive component is disposed on the outer surface of the bottom shell of the wearable device.

3. The wearable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive component is embedded inside the body of the bottom shell of the wearable device, and the body of the bottom shell is made of insulating material.

4. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The conductive component includes a metal part; or... The conductive component includes a wireless charging coil.

5. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The conductive component is electrically connected to the circuit board via at least one connector.

6. The wearable device according to claim 5, characterized in that, When there are multiple connectors, the multiple connectors are evenly spaced on the circuit board; or The conductive component is electrically connected to the circuit board via a first connector and a second connector. When the wearable device is a wrist-worn device, the first connector and the second connector are located at the 6 o'clock and 12 o'clock positions respectively on the housing of the wearable device; or The conductive component is electrically connected to the circuit board via a first connector and a second connector. The first connector is located in a first connection area of ​​the housing, and the second connector is located in a second connection area of ​​the housing. The first connection area and the second connection area are used to connect the strap.

7. The wearable device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connector includes at least one of the following: a conductive spring, a spring probe, and a wire.

8. The wearable device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The circuit board is provided with at least one filter, and the at least one connector is connected to the reference ground of the circuit board through the at least one filter. The filter is used to filter antenna signals of at least one frequency band.

9. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Also includes: A wireless charging assembly, wherein the conductive component is disposed on a side surface of the wireless charging assembly near the screen assembly.

10. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Also includes: The bracket is connected to the inner wall of the radiator, and the screen assembly is assembled and connected to the upper end face of the bracket.

11. The wearable device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The upper inner side of the radiator has an annular recess, and the bracket is disposed on the recess.

12. The wearable device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The screen assembly includes a cover plate and a display component, with the upper end face of the bracket connected to the lower end face of the cover plate; and / or The lower surface of the screen assembly is connected to the upper end surface of the bracket, and the side surface of the screen assembly is connected to the inner wall of the radiator.

13. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The antenna system includes a circularly polarized antenna system; and / or, The operating frequency band of the antenna system includes at least one of the L1 and L5 frequency bands of the GPS antenna.

14. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The antenna system also includes the circuit board, with an annular gap formed between the radiator and the circuit board. The radiator is electrically connected to the feed terminal of the circuit board via a feed terminal, and the radiator is electrically connected to the ground terminal of the circuit board via a ground terminal.

15. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, A circular hole is formed in the middle of the conductive component; and / or, the conductive component has a ring-shaped structure.

16. The wearable device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The conductive components essentially cover the bottom surface space of the wearable device's casing; or, The projected area of ​​the conductive component on the bottom surface of the wearable device is greater than the first value; or; The conductive component occupies a larger proportion of the surface area of ​​the bottom shell of the wearable device than the second value.

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