Rotor compartment structure, two-way sealed air preheater and air preheater gap adjusting method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of air preheater gap adjustment, and discloses a rotor partition structure, a bidirectional sealing air preheater and an air preheater gap adjustment method, the partition structure comprises first partition plates which are symmetrically arranged at an included angle, second partition plates are arranged between the first partition plates, the first ends of the first partition plates and the second partition plates extend to meet at a point, and the second ends of the first partition plates and the second partition plates respectively extend to form fan-shaped areas, third partition plates are arranged on the two sides of the second partition plates, the third partition plates are parallel to the second partition plates, the first ends of the third partition plates are connected with fourth partition plates, and the second ends of the third partition plates are located on the outer edges of the arc-shaped fan-shaped areas, wherein, the fourth partition plates are arranged in several groups along the extension direction of the second partition plates, and the partition plates are arranged to form partitions for mounting heat exchange units, and the present application overcomes the problems of the prior art, such as the formation of gap leaks and high air leakage rate in single-channel sealing of the air preheater, and the insufficient dynamic working condition adaptability and sealing reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of air preheater gap adjustment, and in particular to a rotor compartment structure, a bidirectional sealed air preheater, and a method for adjusting the air preheater gap. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary air preheaters are key heat exchange equipment in thermal power and other fields. Their sealing performance directly affects heat exchange efficiency and energy consumption. Furthermore, the stability of their operation, the monitorability of their parameters, and the adaptability of their control are the core foundation for power plants to achieve precise monitoring, stable control, and efficient energy-saving management. As one of the core functional departments of a power plant, the thermal control department is responsible for monitoring the operating parameters, automatically adjusting, and interlocking the protection of key equipment, including air preheaters. Data such as the sealing status and gap fluctuations of the air preheater need to be effectively coordinated with the thermal control system to provide reliable support for the closed-loop control of the overall production system.

[0003] In existing technologies, the compartmentalized sector plates of air preheaters mostly adopt a single-stage radial sealing plate design, and the axial sealing plate only covers a single sealing side plate. This not only easily leads to gaps and leaks at the joints of the seals, resulting in flue gas and air cross-flow and a high air leakage rate, but more importantly, the static design of this type of sealing structure does not fully consider the monitoring and control needs of the thermal control department, resulting in significant adaptation defects. On the one hand, the rotor is prone to slight deformation and vibration due to temperature fluctuations and airflow impacts during operation, and the contact range of the single-stage seal is limited, making it unable to adapt to the gap changes under dynamic operating conditions. The existing structure lacks a coordinated design with thermal control measurement points such as temperature, pressure, and differential pressure, making it difficult to accurately capture real-time fluctuations in the sealing gap. This results in the inability to provide continuous and reliable monitoring data for the thermal control department, affecting its control accuracy. On the other hand, the traditional sealing structure does not reserve space for adaptation with the thermal control automatic adjustment loop and interlock protection logic. The thermal control department finds it difficult to predict and intervene in the sealing status through parameter feedback. This not only fails to avoid the risk of single-point wear failure in advance, but also makes it difficult to further improve the heat exchange efficiency and energy consumption indicators of the air preheater through thermal control optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing air preheater single-seal cover is prone to gaps and leaks, has a high air leakage rate, and lacks adaptability to dynamic operating conditions and sealing reliability.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: The present invention proposes a rotor compartment structure, which includes a first compartment symmetrically arranged at an angle, a second compartment between the first compartments, the first ends of the first compartment and the second compartment extending to intersect at a point, the second ends of each extending to form a fan-shaped area, a third compartment on both sides of the second compartment, the third compartment parallel to the second compartment, and its first end connected to a fourth compartment, the second end located on the arc-shaped outer edge of the fan-shaped area; wherein, several groups of the fourth compartments are arranged perpendicularly to the second compartment along the extension direction of the second compartment, and both ends of the fourth compartments are also connected and fixed to the first compartments, and a compartment for installing heat exchange units is formed between the compartments.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the rotor compartment structure of the present invention: the included angle formed between the first partitions is 15°, and the included angle formed between the first partition and the second partition is 7.5°; the area formed between the first partition and the second partition is a compartment area, the compartment area is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second partition, and the compartment is located within the compartment area.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the rotor compartment structure of the present invention: only one fourth compartment fixed at the first end of the third compartment on both sides of the second compartment is a partition plate, and the partition plate divides the compartment area to form a first compartment area and a second compartment area; wherein, the first compartment area is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second compartment plate, and the second compartment area is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second compartment plate.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the rotor compartment structure of the present invention: a straight line extending perpendicularly to the second partition is a first direction line; a compartment is provided along the first direction line in the first compartment area on one side of the second partition; and two compartments are provided along the first direction line in the second compartment area on one side of the second partition.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the rotor compartment structure of the present invention: radial sealing plates are fixed to the ends of the first partition and the second partition near the cold end and the hot end of the rotor; sealing side plates are also fixed to the second ends of the first partition and the second partition.

[0010] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention also provides the following technical solution: a bidirectional sealed air preheater, comprising a rotor compartment structure and a housing assembly, wherein the rotor compartment structure is circumferentially distributed within the housing assembly and fixed at both ends to form an annular rotor structure; a first compartment sector plate and a second compartment sector plate are also fixed on the housing assembly, the first compartment sector plate and the second compartment sector plate dividing the internal region of the housing assembly into corresponding regions for the flue gas side, the primary air side and the secondary air side; wherein the first compartment sector plate and the second compartment sector plate simultaneously cover at least two radial sealing plates; an axial sealing plate is correspondingly fixed on the inner wall of the housing assembly connected to the first compartment sector plate and the second compartment sector plate, and the axial sealing plate simultaneously covers at least two sealing side plates.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the bidirectional sealed air preheater of the present invention: within the rotor compartment structure arranged in a circular pattern, two adjacent sets of rotor compartment structures share a first partition plate.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the bidirectional sealed air preheater of the present invention: the outer wall of the axial sealing plate is fixed to the housing assembly by a fixing component, the fixing component includes symmetrically arranged mounting bases, one end of the mounting base is fixed to the inner wall of the housing assembly, and the other end is fixed with an adjusting column and a wing plate assembly; a docking transverse plate is fixed to the end of the adjusting column, and the docking transverse plate is fixed to the outer wall of the axial sealing plate by a connecting rib; the wing plate assembly includes a connecting plate, a side wing plate and a sealing plate rib, and the sealing plate rib is fixed to the outer wall of the axial sealing plate by an end plate.

[0013] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention also provides the following technical solution: a method for adjusting the gap of an air preheater, applied to the aforementioned bidirectional sealed air preheater, comprising the following steps: positioning the axial sealing plate using an axial sealing setting rod, and after detection by a sealing gap measuring instrument, using grinding and support adjustment methods to ensure uniform circumferential gap between the axial sealing plate and the outer circumferential surface of the rotor compartment structure, followed by welding and verification; correcting the rotor coaxiality using a rotor hydraulic jack, positioning the first compartment sector plate and the second compartment sector plate using a radial sealing setting rod, rotating the rotor to detect radial gaps at different angles, fine-tuning the support bolts used to support the first and second compartment sector plates to ensure the gap deviation meets the standard; controlling the fit gap between the compartment partition plates fixed on the first and second compartment sector plates and the inner wall of the shell assembly, adjusting by filling with sealing plates and edge grinding, and then adjusting the support height of the partition plate reinforcing ribs to ensure that the radial gap between the compartment partition plates and the outer edge of the rotor compartment structure meets the rotor rotation requirements.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the air preheater clearance adjustment method of the present invention: the preset initial clearance of the axial sealing plate is 0.5-2mm, and the full circumferential clearance deviation after welding is ≤0.3mm; after the rotor hydraulic jack is corrected, the rotor coaxiality error is ≤0.1mm / m, and the preset range of the radial sealing clearance is 0.8-3mm; the fitting clearance between the compartment partition and the inner wall of the shell assembly is ≤0.5mm, and the radial clearance with the edge of the rotor compartment structure is 0.3-1mm; when measuring the full circumferential clearance between the axial sealing plate and the outer circumferential surface of the rotor compartment structure, the clearance at each location is... The gap is measured three times and the average value is taken; the radial gap is checked step by step at 10° intervals when the rotor is rotated. If the overall gap exceeds the tolerance, it is corrected by grinding the lower end face of each sector plate; all gap adjustments allow for 0.2 to 0.5 mm of thermal expansion; the compartment partition includes a first compartment partition that separates the flue gas side from the primary air side and the secondary air side, and a second compartment partition that separates the primary air side from the secondary air side. The gaps of the two are adjusted independently; the first compartment partition is fixed at the corresponding position of the first compartment sector plate, and the second compartment partition is fixed at the corresponding position of the second compartment sector plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This design significantly optimizes the performance of the bidirectional sealing system by simultaneously covering at least two radial sealing plates arranged along the rotor's radial direction with the first and second compartment sector plates along the rotor's circumferential rotation direction, and by simultaneously covering at least two sealing side plates arranged along the rotor's axial direction with the axial sealing plate along the rotor's circumferential direction. The multi-layer coverage design of the compartment sector plates effectively eliminates gaps and leaks at the radial sealing joints, forming a continuous sealing band. Even with high-speed rotor rotation, slight vibration, or minor deformation, the sealing continuity can still be maintained, blocking the crossflow of smoke and air. Furthermore, the double protection prevents a sudden increase in leakage rate due to single-point wear failure. Combined with the gap adjustment scale, the contradiction between sealing gap and rotational interference can be precisely balanced.

[0016] The multi-layered design of the axial sealing plate can solve the problem of weak points at the joint of the sealing side plates. It forms a two-way synergy with the radial covering to build a closed-loop sealing without dead angles, reducing the air leakage rate by more than 30%. Combined with the wear-resistant sealing layer, it can disperse pressure, reduce wear, extend the sealing life, enhance the structure's resistance to vibration and deformation, and ensure the stable operation of the air preheater under complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Wherein: Figure 1 A structural diagram of the rotor compartment structure is shown.

[0018] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the compartment area is shown.

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the compartment distribution is shown.

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the rotor compartment structure assembly is shown.

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the installation of the radial sealing plate and the sealing side plate is shown.

[0022] Figure 6 A structural diagram of a bidirectional sealed air preheater is shown.

[0023] Figure 7 A diagram of a ring rotor structure consisting of rotor compartments is shown.

[0024] Figure 8 A structural diagram of the axial sealing plate is shown.

[0025] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the axial sealing plate installation is shown.

[0026] Figure 10 The diagram shows the connection between the compartment partition and the sector plate.

[0027] Figure 11 This shows another perspective view of the compartment partition. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0029] The terminology used in this invention is that which is currently widely used in the art in consideration of the function of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new technology in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terms used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on their meanings and the overall description of the invention.

[0030] Reference Figures 1 to 11This embodiment provides a rotor compartment structure G, which includes symmetrically arranged first partitions 100 at an included angle, and second partitions 200 between the first partitions 100. The first ends of the first partitions 100 and the second partitions 200 extend and intersect in the rotor center cylinder and are fixed by welding. The second ends of each partition extend and form a fan-shaped area. After the corresponding ends of the second ends are connected, the outer edge of the fan-shaped area and each partition form a tapered contour edge. A wear-resistant liner is welded to the tapered contour edge. The liner is fully welded to the connection part of the second end, which can reduce the frictional loss between the rotor and other components when the rotor rotates and extend the service life of the structure.

[0031] Furthermore, a third partition 300 is symmetrically provided on both sides of the second partition 200. The third partition 300 is parallel to the second partition 200, and its first end is fixed to the fourth partition 400 by full welding. A reinforcing angle plate is welded at the connection. The reinforcing angle plate is perpendicularly attached to the third partition 300 and the fourth partition 400 respectively to improve the deformation resistance of the connection structure. The second end is located on the tapered contour edge and is attached to the wear-resistant liner.

[0032] The fourth partition 400 is provided with several sets of partitions extending along the second partition 200. Each partition forms a compartment A for installing a heat exchange unit. The inner wall of compartment A is provided with heat exchange element limiting slots along the extension direction of the partition. The slot spacing is adapted to the height of the heat exchange unit. The compartment A is provided with heat exchange element positioning pins. The positioning pins are vertically welded to the inner side of the fourth partition 400 and cooperate with the reserved holes of the heat exchange unit. The double fixing can prevent the heat exchange unit from shifting during rotor rotation and ensure heat exchange stability.

[0033] The included angle formed between the first partition 100 is 15°, and the included angle formed between the first partition 100 and the second partition 200 is 7.5°. The first partition 100, the second partition 200, the third partition 300 and the fourth partition 400 are all made of Q235B carbon structural steel with a thickness of 12-20mm. They have good welding performance and structural rigidity. The precise included angle design can more rationally allocate the flow space of flue gas and air, and improve the heat exchange uniformity.

[0034] The area formed between the first partition 100 and the second partition 200 is the compartment area B. The compartment area B is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second partition 200, and the compartment A is located within the compartment area B.

[0035] Two third partitions 300 preferably symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second partition 200 are fixed to the first end of the same set of fourth partitions 400. The set of fourth partitions 400 is a partition plate 401. The partition plate 401 is fully welded to the third partitions 300 and the first partition 100. The partition plate 401 has compartment sealing gaskets attached to both sides, and the edges of the gaskets are tightly attached to the weld. The partition plate 401 divides the compartment area B to form a first compartment area B1 and a second compartment area B2. The first compartment area B1 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second partition 200, and the second compartment area B2 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second partition 200. The sealing gaskets can reduce the cross-flow of media between different compartment areas and improve the sealing reliability.

[0036] A straight line extending perpendicularly to the second partition 200 is the first direction line X1. A compartment A is provided in the first compartment area B1 on one side of the second partition 200 along the first direction line X1, and two compartments A are provided in the second compartment area B2 on one side of the second partition 200 along the first direction line X1. The compartment volume of the first compartment B1 is larger than the volume of a single compartment in the second compartment B2, which is suitable for the heat exchange needs of different areas and solves the problem of insufficient heat exchange in some areas caused by the uniform compartment volume in the prior art.

[0037] Radial sealing plates 101a are fixed to the ends of the first partition 100 and the second partition 200 near the cold and hot ends of the rotor. The radial sealing plates 101a are made of Q235B and have a thickness of 8-10mm. They are fully welded to the ends of the partitions and the surfaces are polished smooth. A sealing lip is fixed to the side of the radial sealing plate 101a away from the partition by bolts. The lip fits tightly to the surface of the radial sealing plate 101a, which can enhance the sealing effect with the fan-shaped plate and reduce the air leakage rate.

[0038] The first partition 100 and the second partition 200 are also fixed with a sealing side plate 101b at their second ends. The sealing side plate 101b has the same arc as the tapered contour edge, and is perpendicularly butted and welded to the radial sealing plate 101a for sealing. An elastic sealing gasket is bonded to the outside of the sealing side plate 101b. The elastic sealing gasket covers the outer edge of the sealing side plate 101b, which can compensate for the assembly gap and form a closed-loop sealing structure, thus solving the problem of easy air leakage at the sealing joint in the prior art.

[0039] To better utilize the aforementioned rotor compartment structure G, this embodiment also provides a bidirectional sealed air preheater, which includes a rotor compartment structure G and a housing assembly 500. The rotor compartment structure G is circumferentially distributed within the housing assembly 500 and is fixed at both ends to form an annular rotor structure.

[0040] The outline edge of the rotor compartment structure G is connected by the rotor arc shell plate to form a closed annular rotor periphery; the inner wall of the shell assembly 500 is coated with a high-temperature resistant and anti-corrosion coating, which fully covers the flue gas contact area of ​​the shell assembly 500, thus extending the service life of the shell. On the side of the shell assembly 500, corresponding to the compartment partitions fixed on the first compartment sector plate 501 and the second compartment sector plate 502, there is a maintenance manhole door connected by a hinge. The connection between the manhole door and the shell assembly 500 is equipped with a sealing ring, which facilitates quick opening during later maintenance.

[0041] The housing assembly 500 is also fixed with a first compartment sector plate 501 and a second compartment sector plate 502. The radial extension ends of the first compartment sector plate 501 and the second compartment sector plate 502 are fixed with compartment partitions by welding. The compartment partitions extend along the axial direction of the housing assembly 500 and together with the sector plates divide the internal area of ​​the housing assembly 500, forming corresponding areas on the flue gas side, the primary air side and the secondary air side.

[0042] The first compartment partition is made of 10mm thick Q235B material, and the second compartment partition is made of 20mm thick Q235B material. These materials are designed to meet the rigid requirements of flue gas separation and internal air separation, respectively. The connection between the compartment partition and the inner wall of the housing assembly 500 is filled with sealant. The sealant fills the gap and fits tightly with both, enhancing the static sealing effect. Compared with the single-thickness compartment partition in the existing technology, the structure is more reasonable and the sealing is more reliable.

[0043] Among them, the first compartment sector plate 501 and the second compartment sector plate 502 cover at least two radial sealing plates 101a simultaneously along the circumferential rotation direction of the rotor. The lower end face of the sector plate is parallel to the surface of the radial sealing plate 101a and maintains a preset gap. The gap adjustment scale is engraved near the support bolt of the sector plate. The scale corresponds to the adjustment stroke of the bolt, which facilitates precise adjustment of the sealing gap and effectively balances the sealing effect and the anti-interference requirement.

[0044] An axial sealing plate 600 is fixed to the inner wall of the housing assembly 500, which is connected to the first compartment sector plate 501 and the second compartment sector plate 502. The axial sealing plate 600 is made of Q235B and has a thickness of 20mm. The axial sealing plate 600 covers at least two sealing side plates 101b at the same time. The side of the axial sealing plate 600 near the sealing side plate 101b is covered with a wear-resistant sealing layer. The sealing layer is in contact with the sealing side plate 101b, which can reduce dynamic friction loss. The double sealing design forms a two-way sealing system with radial and axial sealing, which reduces the air leakage rate by more than 30% compared with the traditional unidirectional sealing structure.

[0045] Specifically, in this design, the first compartment sector plate 501 and the second compartment sector plate 502 cover at least two radial sealing plates 101a arranged along the rotor radial direction along the rotor circumferential rotation direction, and the axial sealing plate 600 covers at least two sealing side plates 101b arranged along the rotor axial direction along the rotor circumferential direction. This design fundamentally optimizes the integrity and reliability of the bidirectional sealing system and has significant advantages over the traditional single-coverage design in the prior art.

[0046] The first compartment sector plate 501 and the second compartment sector plate 502 cover at least two radial sealing plates along the circumferential rotation direction of the rotor. This not only effectively avoids the sealing gap leakage at the joint of adjacent radial sealing plates, forming a seamless radial sealing band, but also ensures that the sealing continuity can be maintained even if there is slight vibration or displacement during the high-speed rotation of the rotor, blocking the crossflow channel between flue gas and air from the source. Furthermore, the "double protection" effect improves the sealing reliability. Even if one radial sealing plate is slightly worn due to long-term use, the other can still work with the sector plate to maintain the sealing effect, avoiding a sharp increase in the air leakage rate due to single-point failure. At the same time, the expanded sealing contact coverage can also reduce the impact of the slight deformation of the rotor caused by temperature changes and airflow impact on the sealing effect, enhancing the adaptability to dynamic working conditions.

[0047] Furthermore, it works in conjunction with the gap adjustment scale near the support bolts of the first compartment sector plate 501 and the second compartment sector plate 502, so that the precise fine adjustment of the sealing gap does not have to worry about the sealing failure at the joint, and more efficiently balances the core contradiction between "minimum sealing gap" and "avoiding rotational interference".

[0048] The axial sealing plate 600's design, which covers at least two sealing side plates, also precisely solves the problem that weak points are easily formed at the joint between adjacent sealing side plates 101b due to assembly errors and vibrations. It extends the sealing coverage to the joint area to form a full-range enveloping seal, completely eliminating gaps and leaks caused by single-layer coverage.

[0049] More importantly, this design, together with the radial coverage of the first compartment sector plate 501 and the second compartment sector plate 502, forms a "radial-axial" two-way synergy. The radial seal blocks the flow of flue gas along the rotor axis, and the axial seal blocks the flow of flue gas along the rotor circumference, together constructing a sealed closed loop without dead angles, which reduces the air leakage rate by more than 30% compared with the traditional unidirectional sealing structure.

[0050] Meanwhile, the wear-resistant sealing layer on the side of the axial sealing plate 600 near the sealing side plate 101b, in conjunction with the multi-layer coverage design, can disperse the sealing contact pressure and reduce the intensity of single-point wear. The redundant design of the coverage area avoids the failure of the overall axial seal due to local wear, effectively extending the seal life. In addition, the increased sealing contact area can also reduce the impact of the slight deformation of the sealing side plate 101b caused by temperature fluctuations and airflow impact on the sealing gap, significantly improving the vibration resistance and deformation resistance of the sealing structure, and ensuring the stable operation of the air preheater under complex conditions such as high temperature and high pressure.

[0051] Furthermore, within the circumferentially arranged rotor compartment structure G, two adjacent sets of rotor compartment structures G share a first partition 100. The thickness of the shared partition is 20mm, which is greater than the thickness of the non-shared partition, thus enhancing the structural strength. Heat insulation pads are bonded to both sides of the shared partition, and the heat insulation pads are located between the compartment areas of the two adjacent sets of compartment structures, which can reduce heat transfer interference between different compartment areas.

[0052] The outer wall of the axial sealing plate 600 is fixed to the housing assembly 500 by a fixing component 601. The fixing component 601 includes symmetrically arranged mounting bases 601a. ​​One end of the mounting base 601a is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the housing assembly 500, and the other end is fixed with an adjusting column 601b that can extend and retract along the rotor radially and a wing plate assembly 601c. A locking nut is fitted on the threaded part of the adjusting column 601b. The locking nut is located between the mounting base 601a and the docking cross plate 601b-1. The adjusted position is fixed by the threaded engagement to prevent loosening during use.

[0053] The adjusting column 601b has a mating horizontal plate 601b-1 fixed at its end. The mating horizontal plate 601b-1 is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the axial sealing plate 600 through the connecting rib plate 601b-2. The adjusting column 601b achieves fine adjustment of the gap of the axial sealing plate 600 through thread adjustment, which solves the problem that it is difficult to compensate for assembly errors when the sealing plate position is fixed in the prior art.

[0054] The wing plate assembly 601c includes a connecting plate 601c-1, a side wing plate 601c-2, and a sealing plate stiffener 601c-3. The sealing plate stiffener 601c-3 is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the axial sealing plate 600 through an end plate 601c-4. All welded connections adopt a full welding process to ensure structural strength and sealing performance. The outer side of the wing plate assembly 601c is equipped with a dust cover, which is fixed to the mounting base 601a with bolts to prevent dust accumulation from affecting the adjustment accuracy and to ensure the long-term stable operation of the adjustment mechanism.

[0055] Based on the above-described bidirectional sealed air preheater, this embodiment also provides a method for adjusting the gap of the air preheater, which is applied to the above-described bidirectional sealed air preheater and includes the following steps: The axial sealing setting rod is fixed to the housing assembly 500 along the rotor axis. The reference end face of the setting rod is attached to the positioning reference surface of the axial sealing plate 600 to complete the initial positioning of the axial sealing plate 600. After being tested by the sealing gap measuring instrument, the axial sealing plate 600 and the outer circumferential surface of the rotor compartment structure G are uniformly spaced by grinding or support adjustment. After welding and fixing, the gap is checked.

[0056] The sealing gap measuring instrument is equipped with a temperature sensor at the detection end. The temperature sensor and the detection probe make synchronous contact with the measurement part and transmit data through a wired connection. The gap value is corrected according to the detection temperature to adapt to the thermal expansion caused by temperature changes and improve the adjustment accuracy.

[0057] Furthermore, the rotor coaxiality is corrected using a rotor hydraulic jack. A radial sealing setting rod is fixed to the housing assembly 500 along the rotor radially. The reference end face of the setting rod is aligned with the positioning reference surface of the first compartment sector plate 501 and the second compartment sector plate 502 to complete the initial positioning of the sector plates. The rotor is rotated to detect the radial clearance at different angles. The support bolts of each sector plate are finely adjusted to ensure that the clearance deviation meets the standard.

[0058] The output end of the rotor hydraulic jack is equipped with a pressure sensor, which is fixed by a threaded installation to monitor and correct the pressure in real time, so as to avoid damage to the rotor due to excessive pressure.

[0059] Furthermore, the fitting gap between the compartment partitions fixed on the first compartment sector plate 501 and the second compartment sector plate 502 and the inner wall of the housing assembly 500 is controlled. The assembly gap between the compartment partitions and the inner wall of the housing assembly 500 is filled by a sealing plate made of Q235B material with a thickness of 10mm, or the edge of the compartment partitions is ground and adjusted. The two sides of the sealing plate are fully welded to the inner wall of the housing assembly 500 and the edge of the compartment partitions, respectively. Then the support height of the partition reinforcing ribs is adjusted to ensure that the radial gap between the compartment partitions and the outer edge of the rotor compartment structure G meets the requirements of rotor rotation.

[0060] During the adjustment process, a laser rangefinder is used. The laser rangefinder is fixed to the outside of the housing assembly 500 by a bracket and is aligned with the gap between the compartment partition and the rotor to monitor the gap value in real time, thereby improving the adjustment accuracy. The full weld seal between the sealing plate and the compartment partition and the housing assembly 500 further blocks the air leakage channel and ensures that the sealing effect after adjustment is stable in the long term.

[0061] Specifically, the initial clearance of the axial sealing plate 600 is 0.5 to 2 mm, and the clearance deviation in the entire circumference after welding is ≤0.3 mm.

[0062] After the rotor is calibrated by the hydraulic jack, the rotor coaxiality error is ≤0.1mm / m, and the preset range of the radial sealing gap is 0.8~3mm.

[0063] The fit clearance between the compartment partition and the inner wall of the shell assembly 500 is ≤0.5mm, and the radial clearance between the partition and the edge of the rotor compartment structure G is 0.3~1mm. By precisely setting the clearance parameters of each part, a balance between "sealing effect" and "interference prevention" is achieved, avoiding local air leakage or friction, and improving the operational stability and heat exchange efficiency of the air preheater.

[0064] Furthermore, when measuring the circumferential clearance between the axial sealing plate 600 and the outer circumferential surface of the rotor compartment structure G, each clearance is measured 3 times and the average value is taken; when rotating the rotor, the radial clearance is checked step by step at 10° intervals. If the overall clearance exceeds the tolerance, it is corrected by grinding the lower end face of each sector plate.

[0065] During the correction process, gap compensation shims are used. The shims are placed between the sector plate and the supporting structure, and are placed in close contact with the corresponding out-of-tolerance parts to achieve fine adjustment of the gap. The average value is taken for each gap multiple times, and the test is carried out step by step at fixed intervals. The measurement results are more accurate and avoids the failure to detect local gap out-of-tolerance.

[0066] In this embodiment, all gap adjustments are reserved for thermal expansion of 0.2 to 0.5 mm to adapt to temperature changes during air preheater operation, thus solving the problem in the prior art of not considering thermal expansion leading to smaller gaps, friction damage, or larger gaps and increased air leakage rate during operation.

[0067] Furthermore, the compartment partition includes a first compartment partition that separates the flue gas side from the primary air side and the secondary air side to form the total air side, and a second compartment partition that separates the primary air side from the secondary air side. The gap between the two can be adjusted independently, which can specifically solve the differences in sealing requirements of different zones and further reduce the risk of cross-flow of different media.

[0068] The first compartment partition is fixed to the corresponding position of the first compartment sector plate 501, and the second compartment partition is fixed to the corresponding position of the second compartment sector plate 502. Both are fixed by welding. Compared with bolt connection, the sealing performance is better and the sealing failure caused by bolt loosening is avoided, thus improving the long-term stability of the structure.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional seal air preheater characterized by: include, A first partition (100) is symmetrically arranged at an included angle, and a second partition (200) is provided between the first partitions (100). The first ends of the first partitions (100) and the second partitions (200) extend and intersect at a point, and their second ends each extend to form a fan-shaped area. The second partition (200) has a third partition (300) on both sides. The third partition (300) is parallel to the second partition (200), and its first end is connected to a fourth partition (400), and its second end is located on the arc-shaped outer edge of the fan-shaped area. Among them, the fourth partition (400) is provided in several groups perpendicularly connected to the second partition (200) along the extension direction of the second partition (200), and the two ends of the fourth partition (400) are also connected and fixed to the first partition (100), and a compartment (A) for installing the heat exchange unit is formed between each partition. The included angle formed between the first partition (100) is 15°, and the included angle formed between the first partition (100) and the second partition (200) is 7.5°; The area formed between the first partition (100) and the second partition (200) is a compartment area (B). The compartment area (B) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second partition (200), and the compartment (A) is located within the compartment area (B). It also includes, The housing assembly (500) has a rotor compartment structure (G) inside, which is circumferentially distributed within the housing assembly (500) and fixed at both ends to form an annular rotor structure; The housing assembly (500) is also fixed with a first compartment sector plate (501) and a second compartment sector plate (502). The first compartment sector plate (501) and the second compartment sector plate (502) divide the internal area of ​​the housing assembly (500) to form corresponding areas of flue gas side, primary air side and secondary air side. The first compartment sector plate (501) and the second compartment sector plate (502) cover at least two radial sealing plates (101a) simultaneously. The inner wall of the housing assembly (500) connected to the first compartment sector plate (501) and the second compartment sector plate (502) is fixed with an axial sealing plate (600), and the axial sealing plate (600) covers at least two sealing side plates (101b) at the same time. Radial sealing plates (101a) are fixed at the ends of the first partition (100) and the second partition (200) near the cold and hot ends of the rotor. The first partition (100) and the second partition (200) are also fixed with sealing side plates (101b). The outer wall of the axial sealing plate (600) is fixed to the housing assembly (500) by a fixing component (601). The fixing component (601) includes symmetrically arranged mounting bases (601a). One end of the mounting base (601a) is fixed to the inner wall of the housing assembly (500), and the other end is fixed with an adjusting column (601b) and a wing plate assembly (601c). The adjusting column (601b) is fixed with a docking horizontal plate (601b-1) at its end. The docking horizontal plate (601b-1) is fixed to the outer wall of the axial sealing plate (600) through a connecting rib plate (601b-2). The wing plate assembly (601c) includes a connecting plate (601c-1), a side wing plate (601c-2), and a sealing plate stiffener (601c-3). The sealing plate stiffener (601c-3) is fixed to the outer wall of the axial sealing plate (600) through an end plate (601c-4).

2. The bidirectional seal air preheater of claim 1, wherein: The third partition (300) on both sides of the second partition (200) has only one fourth partition (400) fixed at the first end as a partition (401), which separates the compartment area (B) to form the first compartment area (B1) and the second compartment area (B2). The first storage area (B1) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second partition (200), and the second storage area (B2) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the second partition (200).

3. The bidirectional seal air preheater of claim 2, wherein: A straight line extending perpendicularly to the second partition (200) is a first direction line (X1). A compartment (A) is provided along the first direction line (X1) in the first storage area (B1) on one side of the second partition (200), and two compartments (A) are provided along the first direction line (X1) in the second storage area (B2) on one side of the second partition (200).

4. The bidirectional seal air preheater of claim 1, wherein: Within the circumferentially arranged rotor compartment structure (G), two adjacent sets of rotor compartment structures (G) share a first partition plate (100).

5. A method of adjusting the clearance of an air preheater, characterized by: The bidirectional sealed air preheater according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: The axial sealing plate (600) is positioned by the axial sealing setting rod. After being tested by the sealing gap measuring instrument, the axial sealing plate (600) and the outer circumferential surface of the rotor compartment structure (G) are uniformly spaced by grinding and support adjustment. After welding and fixing, the gap is checked. The rotor coaxiality is corrected by using a rotor hydraulic jack. The first compartment sector plate (501) and the second compartment sector plate (502) are positioned by the radial sealing setting rod. The rotor is rotated to detect the radial clearance at different angles. The support bolts used to support the first compartment sector plate (501) and the second compartment sector plate (502) are finely adjusted to make the clearance deviation meet the standard. The fit clearance between the compartment partition fixed on the first compartment sector plate (501) and the second compartment sector plate (502) and the inner wall of the shell assembly (500) is controlled and adjusted by filling with a sealing plate and grinding the edges. Then the support height of the partition reinforcing rib is adjusted to ensure that the radial clearance between the compartment partition and the outer edge of the rotor compartment structure (G) meets the requirements of rotor rotation.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein: The preset initial gap of the axial sealing plate (600) is 0.5-2mm, and the gap deviation in the entire circumference after welding is ≤0.3mm; After the rotor is aligned by the hydraulic jack, the rotor coaxiality error is ≤0.1mm / m, and the preset range of the radial sealing gap is 0.8~3mm; The clearance between the compartment partition and the inner wall of the housing assembly (500) is ≤0.5mm, and the radial clearance between the partition and the edge of the rotor compartment structure (G) is 0.3~1mm; When measuring the circumferential clearance between the axial sealing plate (600) and the outer circumferential surface of the rotor compartment structure (G), each clearance is measured 3 times and the average value is taken; when rotating the rotor, the radial clearance is checked step by step at 10° intervals. If the overall clearance exceeds the tolerance, it is corrected by grinding the lower end face of each sector plate. All gaps should be adjusted to allow for 0.2–0.5 mm of thermal expansion. The compartment partition includes a first compartment partition that separates the flue gas side from the total air side, which is composed of the primary air side and the secondary air side, and a second compartment partition that separates the primary air side from the secondary air side. The gap between the two partitions can be adjusted independently. The first compartment partition is fixed at the corresponding position of the first compartment sector plate (501), and the second compartment partition is fixed at the corresponding position of the second compartment sector plate (502).

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