Solar dosing, disinfecting, intercepting and shunting device and method for rural safe drinking water

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar dosing, disinfecting, intercepting and shunting device and method for rural safe drinking water. Belongs to the technical field of rural drinking water safety engineering water quality improvement. Precise dosing cannot be achieved due to no electricity in mountainous areas. And the problems of river pollution caused by disinfection water pollution and water resource waste due to full water overflow of the clean water tank are solved. The device integrates a solar panel power generation system, an energy storage system control cabinet, a disinfection medicine box, a stirrer, a dosing pump, an electric butterfly valve and a clean water tank with a liquid level detection function. The solar panel power generation system is combined with the energy storage battery to provide off-grid power for the whole set of equipment; a PLC system in the control cabinet executes valve and pump synchronous linkage logic; when the water level is low, an electric butterfly valve on a water inlet pipe is opened to guide water, and meanwhile, a dosing pump is linked to accurately inject liquid medicine into a main pipeline through a one-way back pressure valve on a vertical pipeline; the electric butterfly valve is automatically closed to cut off water inflow when full of water; the raw water without dosing overflows and is shunted through the bypass branch pipe in front of the valve, and the dosing pump is forcibly cut off to stop dosing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tap water purification technology, specifically a solar-powered chemical dosing, disinfection, interception, and diversion device and method for safe drinking water in rural areas. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, rural drinking water safety projects in my country generally adopt the basic model of "water diversion from water source - water storage in clear water tank - water supply to households," which involves laying water pipelines from mountain water sources to clear water tanks at the foot of the mountain, and then supplying water to villagers' homes from the clear water tanks. This model has two major technical flaws:

[0003] Water waste and water pollution problems: The clear water tank has no liquid level self-control interception structure. Water source water is continuously injected into the clear water tank. After the tank is full, the excess water overflows directly from the clear water tank. If the water in the clear water tank has been treated with chemical disinfection, the overflowing disinfectant water is discharged into the surrounding rivers, which not only causes meaningless waste of water resources, but also pollutes the natural water quality of the rivers and damages the aquatic ecosystem.

[0004] Problems of inefficient disinfection treatment and poor adaptability to different scenarios: Many drinking water project sites in mountainous areas do not have mains power supply, and traditional chemical dosing disinfection devices rely on external power sources and cannot be put into normal use; moreover, the existing dosing equipment has low dosing accuracy, and the amount of disinfectant added cannot be accurately controlled, making it difficult to ensure that drinking water meets the national tap water disinfection standards, posing a drinking water safety hazard.

[0005] There is currently no integrated technical solution that can simultaneously address the issues of chemical disinfection in mountainous areas without electricity, interception and diversion of clear water in reservoirs, water conservation, and water pollution control. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated device that is adapted to the characteristics of drinking water projects in rural mountainous areas to fill the gap in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, a solar-powered dosing and disinfection device and method for diverting and intercepting water in rural safe drinking water are proposed.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0008] A solar-powered dosing and disinfection device for safe drinking water in rural areas includes a clear water tank and a main inlet pipe connecting the water source to the clear water tank, and further includes:

[0009] A photovoltaic energy storage power supply module includes a solar power generation component and an energy storage battery, wherein the solar power generation component is electrically connected to the energy storage battery to convert light energy into electrical energy and store it;

[0010] The liquid level self-control interception and diversion module includes a liquid level detection element installed inside the clear water tank and an electric valve installed in series on the main water inlet pipe;

[0011] The precision dosing disinfection module includes a disinfection tank and a metering pump. The inlet of the metering pump is connected to the disinfection tank, and the outlet of the metering pump is connected to the main water inlet pipe downstream of the electric valve or the inlet of the clear water tank.

[0012] The system automation control module includes a control cabinet equipped with a programmable logic controller. The control cabinet is electrically connected to the energy storage battery, the liquid level detection element, the electric valve, and the metering pump. The energy storage battery provides system operating power to the control cabinet, the electric valve, and the metering pump.

[0013] The control cabinet is configured to execute the following underlying interlocking logic: when the liquid level detection element detects that the liquid level inside the clear water tank reaches a preset high threshold, it outputs a first trigger signal to the control cabinet, and the control cabinet drives the electric valve to close to cut off the water flow; when the liquid level detection element detects that the internal liquid level drops to a preset low threshold, it outputs a second trigger signal to the control cabinet, and the control cabinet drives the electric valve to open to restore water supply.

[0014] The control cabinet is also configured to interlock the drive circuit of the metering pump with the operating state of the electric valve. When the electric valve is in the open state, the metering pump is driven to run and add disinfectant to the pipeline according to a preset ratio. When the electric valve is in the closed state, the drive power of the metering pump is forcibly cut off so that it stops the dosing action synchronously.

[0015] Furthermore, a bypass branch pipe is connected to the main water inlet pipe upstream of the electric valve. When the electric valve closes due to the first trigger signal, the continuous upstream water source is blocked at the electric valve and automatically overflows and is diverted to the external natural water body by relying on hydrostatic pressure. This prevents the pool water containing disinfectant from overflowing from the top of the clear water pool into the natural environment.

[0016] Furthermore, the photovoltaic energy storage power supply module also includes an inverter controller. The solar power generation module is connected to the energy storage battery via the inverter controller. The inverter controller has a built-in maximum power point tracking algorithm to prevent the energy storage battery from being overcharged or over-discharged, and converts the DC power from the energy storage battery into standard AC power or regulated DC power to supply the control cabinet.

[0017] Furthermore, an electric stirrer is installed on the top or inside of the disinfection tank, and the electric stirrer is electrically connected to the control cabinet; the control cabinet is equipped with a timer relay module for controlling the electric stirrer to perform periodic intermittent stirring to prevent the disinfectant in the tank from stratifying or precipitating.

[0018] Furthermore, the electric valve is a DC-driven electric butterfly valve, which contains a valve position feedback micro switch. The valve position feedback micro switch is connected to the input terminal of the control cabinet and is used to provide the control cabinet with a closed-loop confirmation signal of the actual physical opening of the electric butterfly valve. The control cabinet only allows the metering pump to start after receiving the closed-loop confirmation signal.

[0019] Furthermore, the metering pump is a diaphragm electromagnetic metering pump, and a one-way back pressure valve is installed at the junction of the metering pump's discharge port and the main inlet pipe. The one-way back pressure valve is used to prevent the high-pressure water flow in the main inlet pipe from flowing back into the metering pump, and at the same time to prevent the siphon effect caused by the terrain elevation difference from uncontrolledly emptying the disinfectant tank.

[0020] Furthermore, the pipeline downstream of the metering pump's discharge port to the clear water tank's inlet is defined as a mixing section. A static mixer is embedded inside the mixing section to force the injected disinfectant and the raw water to generate radial shear and vortex turbulence when flowing through the mixing section, thereby achieving rapid and uniform mixing of the disinfectant and water under passive conditions.

[0021] Furthermore, the liquid level detection element includes a high-level float switch probe and a low-level float switch probe installed at different elevation positions inside the clear water tank. The high-level float switch probe corresponds to the preset high-level threshold, and the low-level float switch probe corresponds to the preset low-level threshold.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes an integrated support frame and protective enclosure. The solar power generation module is fastened to the top of the support frame facing the sun. The control cabinet, the energy storage battery, the disinfection tank and the metering pump are all housed inside the protective enclosure to isolate the core components from rainwater and ultraviolet rays.

[0023] An automated intelligent control method for safe drinking water in rural areas includes the following sequential execution steps:

[0024] S1, Energy Self-sufficiency Stage: The solar power generation components continuously perform photoelectric conversion, storing electrical energy in the energy storage battery to maintain the basic power consumption of the global sensing and control system.

[0025] S2, Status Monitoring Stage: The control cabinet reads the water level status signal fed back by the liquid level detection element deployed inside the clear water tank in real time at a preset sampling frequency;

[0026] S3. Water replenishment and synchronous disinfection stage: When farmers are in peak water usage period, causing the water level in the pool to drop to the preset low threshold, the control cabinet outputs a drive level to make the electric valve fully open, and the mountain raw water flows into the clear water pool in large quantities through the main water inlet pipe; during this period, the control cabinet synchronously activates the metering pump in an electrical interlocking manner, and continuously adds chemical disinfectant to the flowing water according to a dynamic or static preset ratio. The disinfectant solution is mixed through the pipeline and then enters the pool to complete the sterilization.

[0027] S4. Full Water Cutoff and Chemical Discontinuation Stage: When the water supply exceeds the consumption, causing the water level in the pool to rise to the preset high threshold, the control cabinet immediately cuts off the opening maintenance voltage of the electric valve or sends a closing signal to drive it to close completely, cutting off the water source entry channel; during the valve closing control sequence, the control cabinet simultaneously cuts off the power supply to the metering pump, forcibly terminating all chemical agent dosing behavior.

[0028] S5. Source Ecological Diversion Stage: When the electric valve is physically closed, the flow of raw water in the upstream water pipe is blocked, and the local dynamic water pressure in the pipe increases, forcing the pure raw water to automatically change direction and overflow along the bypass diversion branch pipe set upstream of the electric valve and be discharged into the external natural river channel to avoid mixing with the water in the clear water pool.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0030] This invention provides all-weather power to the entire automated system and actuators through a photovoltaic energy storage module, overcoming the environmental limitations of remote mountainous areas without mains power coverage and achieving energy self-sufficiency. Simultaneously, based on the electric butterfly valve installed on the inlet pipeline and the underlying electrical interlocking logic, the system automatically drives the valve to close when the clear water tank reaches a high water level, physically cutting off the water source at the front end. This active interception mechanism overcomes the shortcomings of traditional clear water tanks that passively overflow when full, conserving natural raw water resources and fundamentally preventing the overflow of disinfectant water containing high concentrations of chemical agents into natural rivers, thus avoiding ecological pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the power supply section;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a system operation flowchart.

[0035] In the diagram, 1 is the photovoltaic energy storage power supply module; 11 is the energy storage battery; 2 is the liquid level self-control interception and diversion module; 3 is the precision dosing disinfection module; 31 is the disinfection tank; 32 is the stirrer; and 4 is the system automation control module. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0037] This is intended to illustrate the present invention, but should not be used to limit the scope of the invention.

[0038] like Figures 1-3 As shown:

[0039] A solar-powered dosing and disinfection device for safe drinking water in rural areas includes a clear water tank and a main inlet pipe connecting the water source to the clear water tank, and further includes:

[0040] A photovoltaic energy storage power supply module 1 includes a solar power generation component and an energy storage battery 11, wherein the solar power generation component and the energy storage battery 11 are electrically connected to convert light energy into electrical energy and store it.

[0041] The liquid level self-control interception and diversion module 2 includes a liquid level detection element installed inside the clear water tank and an electric valve installed in series on the main water inlet pipe;

[0042] The precision dosing disinfection module 3 includes a disinfection tank 31 and a metering pump. The inlet of the metering pump is connected to the disinfection tank 31, and the outlet of the metering pump is connected to the main water inlet pipe downstream of the electric valve or the water inlet of the clear water tank.

[0043] The system automation control module 4 includes a control cabinet equipped with a programmable logic controller. The control cabinet is electrically connected to the energy storage battery 11, the liquid level detection element, the electric valve, and the metering pump. The energy storage battery 11 provides system operating power to the control cabinet, the electric valve, and the metering pump.

[0044] The control cabinet is configured to execute the following underlying interlocking logic: when the liquid level detection element detects that the liquid level inside the clear water tank reaches a preset high threshold, it outputs a first trigger signal to the control cabinet, and the control cabinet drives the electric valve to close to cut off the water flow; when the liquid level detection element detects that the internal liquid level drops to a preset low threshold, it outputs a second trigger signal to the control cabinet, and the control cabinet drives the electric valve to open to restore water supply.

[0045] The control cabinet is also configured to interlock the drive circuit of the metering pump with the operating state of the electric valve. When the electric valve is in the open state, the metering pump is driven to run and add disinfectant to the pipeline according to a preset ratio. When the electric valve is in the closed state, the drive power of the metering pump is forcibly cut off so that it stops the dosing action synchronously.

[0046] The PLC in the system control cabinet uses relay coils to physically connect the power supply circuit of the metering pump to the opening command circuit of the electric valve in parallel or in series via soft logic. This design ensures that the metering pump is only allowed to operate under the dynamic condition of "water flowing through the valve," thus fundamentally eliminating the risk of localized high-concentration corrosion and waste of chemicals caused by blindly adding chemicals in the absence of water or in still water conditions. This is the highest level of technical barrier that distinguishes this device from all conventional dosing machines.

[0047] Furthermore, a bypass branch pipe is connected to the main water inlet pipe upstream of the electric valve. When the electric valve closes due to the first trigger signal, the continuous upstream water source is blocked at the electric valve and automatically overflows and is diverted to the external natural water body by relying on hydrostatic pressure. This prevents the pool water containing disinfectant from overflowing from the top of the clear water pool into the natural environment.

[0048] When the clear water tank is full, causing the electric valve to physically close, the source water flowing from the mountain water pipe will lose its path, resulting in a sharp increase in static pressure within the pipe. This high-pressure water flow, having not yet passed the chemical injection point downstream of the valve, is pure natural raw water. Utilizing the physical property of fluids seeking the path of least resistance, this pure raw water will be forced to divert into the bypass branch pipe and safely discharged into the natural river channel. This feature not only solves the risk of high-pressure bursting in the pipeline network but also achieves the primary ecological and environmental protection objective of this invention—absolutely preventing the discharge of disinfectant water containing high concentrations of sodium hypochlorite into the surrounding environment.

[0049] Furthermore, the photovoltaic energy storage power supply module 1 also includes an inverter controller. The solar power generation module is connected to the energy storage battery 11 via the inverter controller. The inverter controller has a built-in maximum power point tracking algorithm to prevent the energy storage battery 11 from being overcharged or over-discharged, and converts the DC power of the energy storage battery 11 into standard AC power or regulated DC power to supply the control cabinet.

[0050] In severe weather conditions such as frequent cloud cover and fog in mountainous areas, where solar irradiance fluctuates frequently, the MPPT algorithm can detect and lock the current maximum power output point of the solar panel in real time at millisecond speed, forcibly boosting charging efficiency to ensure that the 11 energy storage batteries below can operate at full capacity, preventing controller crashes or valve seizures caused by undervoltage.

[0051] Furthermore, an electric stirrer 32 is installed on the top or inside of the disinfection tank 31, and the electric stirrer 32 is electrically connected to the control cabinet; the control cabinet is equipped with a timer relay module for controlling the electric stirrer 32 to perform periodic intermittent stirring to prevent the medicine in the disinfection tank 31 from stratifying or precipitating.

[0052] In practical applications, chlorine-containing disinfectants or coagulants such as polyaluminum chloride are prone to sedimentation and concentration stratification after long-term standing, resulting in extremely strong efficacy in the early stages of dosing but weak efficacy in the later stages. By using an intermittent time relay in the control cabinet to drive the stirrer at a low speed of 32 every day, the uniformity of solute concentration in the tank can be maintained at all times, ensuring a constant disinfection effect even in long-term unattended operation.

[0053] Furthermore, the electric valve is a DC-driven electric butterfly valve, which contains a valve position feedback micro switch. The valve position feedback micro switch is connected to the input terminal of the control cabinet and is used to provide the control cabinet with a closed-loop confirmation signal of the actual physical opening of the electric butterfly valve. The control cabinet only allows the metering pump to start after receiving the closed-loop confirmation signal.

[0054] In practice, if the valve opening level is solely issued by the PLC, and the valve fails to open properly due to mud or sand blockage, a blind start of the metering pump could easily lead to a serious accident. By introducing valve position feedback, the PLC will only release the dosing pump's start-up authority after the valve's internal mechanical contacts are truly closed, sending a "confirmed open" verification signal back to the PLC, thus establishing a safe closed-loop electrical control system.

[0055] Furthermore, the metering pump is a diaphragm electromagnetic metering pump, and a one-way back pressure valve is installed at the junction of the metering pump's discharge port and the main inlet pipe. The one-way back pressure valve is used to prevent the high-pressure water flow in the main inlet pipe from flowing back into the metering pump, and at the same time to prevent the siphon effect caused by the terrain elevation difference from uncontrolledly emptying the disinfectant tank 31.

[0056] In mountainous areas, main water diversion pipelines often withstand high pressure from a drop of tens of meters. The powerful spring diaphragm built into the back pressure valve firmly holds back the high-pressure raw water, preventing it from flowing back and damaging the fragile metering pump diaphragm. Due to the Venturi effect of the water flow and the terrain drop, the inlet pipe is prone to negative pressure siphoning. Without the back pressure valve to block it, hundreds of liters of highly toxic disinfectant solution in the chemical tank would be uncontrollably sucked into the clear water pool within minutes. This feature is the core barrier protecting the system from hydraulic damage.

[0057] Furthermore, the pipeline downstream of the metering pump's discharge port to the clear water tank's inlet is defined as a mixing section. A static mixer is embedded inside the mixing section to force the injected disinfectant and the raw water to generate radial shear and vortex turbulence when flowing through the mixing section, thereby achieving rapid and uniform mixing of the disinfectant and water under passive conditions.

[0058] Downstream of the dosing point, instead of relying on traditional energy-consuming mechanical agitation, multiple sets of flow-guiding baffles are fixed in a staggered pattern inside the PE or steel pipe. When the incoming raw water carrying the chemical solution rushes past these baffles at high speed, the fluid channels suddenly contract and expand, generating strong Karman vortex streets and radial shear forces. This passive mixing method, utilizing the kinetic energy of the water flow itself, thoroughly breaks down and mixes the chemical solution within a very short distance, without increasing system energy consumption, and greatly improving the instantaneous efficiency of the disinfection and oxidation reaction.

[0059] Furthermore, the liquid level detection element includes a high-level float switch probe and a low-level float switch probe installed at different elevation positions inside the clear water tank. The high-level float switch probe corresponds to the preset high-level threshold, and the low-level float switch probe corresponds to the preset low-level threshold.

[0060] The project preferentially employs a dual-float switch probe with high and low positions, corresponding to the full-water warning line and the water shortage replenishment line, respectively. This type of physical float sensor relies on an internal mercury switch to change the level signal, resulting in an extremely simple and straightforward structure. Compared to precision ultrasonic or radar level gauges, it offers significantly higher fault tolerance and anti-interference capabilities in the humid and scale-prone mountainous water tank environment, reducing the frequency of subsequent sensor maintenance.

[0061] Furthermore, it also includes an integrated support frame and protective enclosure. The solar power generation module is fastened to the top of the support frame facing the sun. The control cabinet, the energy storage battery 11, the disinfection tank 31, and the metering pump are all housed inside the protective enclosure to isolate the core components from rainwater and ultraviolet rays.

[0062] The core electrical, energy storage, and chemical dosing devices are integrated into a high-protection metal or non-metal enclosure, which not only resists aging from strong ultraviolet radiation at high altitudes, but also protects against rainstorms and freezing damage. On the other hand, it greatly reduces the on-site construction threshold, allowing construction teams to complete assembly and commissioning with only simple "pipeline connection". This has decisive engineering value for promoting the system in remote mountainous areas with inconvenient transportation and a lack of professional and technical workers.

[0063] An automated intelligent control method for safe drinking water in rural areas includes the following sequential execution steps:

[0064] S1, Energy self-sufficiency stage: The solar power generation components continuously perform photoelectric conversion, storing electrical energy in the energy storage battery 11 to maintain the basic power consumption of the whole-domain sensing and control system.

[0065] Specifically, the solar panel power generation system continuously converts solar radiation energy into electrical energy, which is then input to the energy storage battery 11 via the inverter controller. The energy storage battery 11 provides the PLC system with uninterrupted 24-hour wake-up power. After the PLC system is initialized, it cyclically reads the digital level signals of the high and low liquid level detection elements installed inside the clear water tank at a high-frequency sampling rate. At the same time, the PLC's internal timer drives the "stirrer 32" to run at low speed according to a set cycle to prevent sedimentation and stratification of the disinfectant solution in the disinfectant tank 31.

[0066] S2, Status Monitoring Stage: The control cabinet reads the water level status signal fed back by the liquid level detection element deployed inside the clear water tank in real time at a preset sampling frequency;

[0067] Specifically, when the water supply to the clear water tank causes the water level to drop continuously and reach a preset low-level threshold, the low-level sensor closes, sending a trigger level to the PLC system. The PLC system determines that the "water replenishment" state is established and immediately outputs a positive control voltage to the actuator of the "electric butterfly valve" on the right side of the pipeline. The electric butterfly valve motor operates, driving the valve plate to rotate to the fully open state. At this time, the raw water accumulated at the "inlet" end flows unimpeded into the main pipeline, beginning a large-flow replenishment of water to the clear water tank.

[0068] S3. Water replenishment and synchronous disinfection stage: When farmers are in peak water usage period, causing the water level in the pool to drop to the preset low threshold, the control cabinet outputs a drive level to make the electric valve fully open, and the mountain raw water flows into the clear water pool in large quantities through the main water inlet pipe; during this period, the control cabinet synchronously activates the metering pump in an electrical interlocking manner, and continuously adds chemical disinfectant to the flowing water according to a dynamic or static preset ratio. The disinfectant solution is mixed through the pipeline and then enters the pool to complete the sterilization.

[0069] Specifically, while executing step S2 to open the electric butterfly valve, the system enters the core chemical dosing interlock control loop. The mechanical limit switch inside the electric butterfly valve closes when the valve is fully open, sending a confirmation signal to the PLC that the valve is open. Upon receiving this confirmation signal, the PLC's internally connected contactor immediately engages, activating the power supply to the chemical dosing pump. After starting, the dosing pump draws disinfectant from the disinfectant tank 31, overcoming the resistance of the back pressure valve (marked in yellow), and continuously pulses high-purity disinfectant into the main pipeline downstream of the electric butterfly valve with milliliter-level precision. The disinfectant and raw water undergo intense hydraulic mixing at the pipe network junction and as it falls into the clear water tank, achieving synchronous disinfection. This process strictly adheres to the rigid interlocking logic of "valve open, water in, pump start, chemical dosing."

[0070] S4. Full Water Cutoff and Chemical Discontinuation Stage: When the water supply exceeds the consumption, causing the water level in the pool to rise to the preset high threshold, the control cabinet immediately cuts off the opening maintenance voltage of the electric valve or sends a closing signal to drive it to close completely, cutting off the water source entry channel; during the valve closing control sequence, the control cabinet simultaneously cuts off the power supply to the metering pump, forcibly terminating all chemical agent dosing behavior.

[0071] Specifically, as the water replenishment process in the clear water tank proceeds at a faster rate than the farmers' consumption, the water level in the tank continuously rises and eventually touches the preset high-level threshold sensor. The sensor disconnects and sends a "full water" warning signal to the PLC. Upon receiving the signal, the PLC executes an emergency shut-off procedure: First, it reverses the output control voltage, driving the "electric butterfly valve" actuator to quickly rotate and close the valve plate, completely cutting off the water supply to the clear water tank at the physical level of the main pipeline; within the same millisecond sequence, the PLC mainboard cuts off the power supply to the drive circuit of the "dosing pump." The dosing pump instantly loses power and stops working, and the dosing of chemicals is absolutely terminated. This completely eliminates the risk of localized chemical concentration exceeding the standard and bursting of the pipeline due to the independent malfunction of the dosing pump when there is no fluid flowing through the main pipeline.

[0072] S5. Source Ecological Diversion Stage: When the electric valve is physically closed, the flow of raw water in the upstream water pipe is blocked, and the local dynamic water pressure in the pipe increases, forcing the pure raw water to automatically change direction and overflow along the bypass diversion branch pipe set upstream of the electric valve and be discharged into the external natural river channel to avoid mixing with the water in the clear water pool.

[0073] After step S4 is completed and the electric butterfly valve is fully closed, the system enters the ecological protection diversion state. Because the main inlet pipe is blocked by the valve, the raw water continuously flowing down from the mountain source creates hydraulic back pressure upstream of the valve. Driven by the hydrostatic pressure, this portion of the water automatically changes direction, flowing into the bypass branch pipe located upstream of the electric butterfly valve, and overflowing into the surrounding natural water system.

[0074] Through the aforementioned physical isolation structure of pre-interception and pre-valve diversion, combined with the electrical forced drug shutdown logic, this device ensures that all water discharged into nature is pure raw water that has not come into contact with any chemical agents. This fundamentally eliminates the environmental pollution caused by the overflow of disinfectant water rich in strong oxidants from the clear water tank when it is full.

[0075] The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A solar-powered dosing and disinfection device for safe drinking water in rural areas, characterized in that, It includes a clear water tank and a main inlet pipe connecting the water source to the clear water tank, and also includes: A photovoltaic energy storage power supply module (1) includes a solar power generation component and an energy storage battery (11), wherein the solar power generation component is electrically connected to the energy storage battery (11) to convert light energy into electrical energy and store it; The liquid level self-control interception and diversion module (2) includes a liquid level detection element installed inside the clear water tank and an electric valve installed in series on the main water inlet pipe; The precision dosing disinfection module (3) includes a disinfection tank (31) and a metering pump. The inlet of the metering pump is connected to the disinfection tank (31), and the outlet of the metering pump is connected to the main water inlet pipe downstream of the electric valve or the inlet of the clear water tank. The system automation control module (4) includes a control cabinet equipped with a programmable logic controller. The control cabinet is electrically connected to the energy storage battery (11), the liquid level detection element, the electric valve, and the metering pump. The energy storage battery (11) provides system power to the control cabinet, the electric valve, and the metering pump. The control cabinet is configured to execute the following underlying interlocking logic: when the liquid level detection element detects that the liquid level inside the clear water tank reaches a preset high threshold, it outputs a first trigger signal to the control cabinet, and the control cabinet drives the electric valve to close to cut off the water flow; when the liquid level detection element detects that the internal liquid level drops to a preset low threshold, it outputs a second trigger signal to the control cabinet, and the control cabinet drives the electric valve to open to restore water supply. The control cabinet is also configured to interlock the drive circuit of the metering pump with the operating state of the electric valve. When the electric valve is in the open state, the metering pump is driven to run and add disinfectant to the pipeline according to a preset ratio. When the electric valve is in the closed state, the drive power of the metering pump is forcibly cut off so that it stops the dosing action synchronously.

2. The solar-powered dosing and disinfection diversion device for safe drinking water in rural areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bypass branch pipe is connected to the main inlet pipe upstream of the electric valve. When the electric valve is closed due to the first trigger signal, the upstream water source is blocked at the electric valve and automatically overflows and is diverted to the external natural water body by means of hydrostatic pressure, thereby preventing the pool water containing disinfectant from overflowing from the top of the clear water pool into the natural environment.

3. The rural safe drinking water solar-powered dosing and disinfection diversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic energy storage power supply module (1) also includes an inverter controller. The solar power generation component is connected to the energy storage battery (11) via the inverter controller. The inverter controller has a built-in maximum power point tracking algorithm to prevent the energy storage battery (11) from being overcharged or over-discharged, and converts the DC power of the energy storage battery (11) into standard AC power or regulated DC power to supply the control cabinet.

4. The rural safe drinking water solar-powered dosing and disinfection diversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electric stirrer (32) is installed on the top or inside of the disinfection tank (31), and the electric stirrer (32) is electrically connected to the control cabinet. The control cabinet is equipped with a timer relay module, which is used to control the electric stirrer (32) to perform periodic intermittent stirring in order to prevent the medicine in the disinfection tank (31) from stratifying or precipitating.

5. A solar-powered dosing and disinfection diversion device for safe drinking water in rural areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric valve is a DC-driven electric butterfly valve, which contains a valve position feedback micro switch. The valve position feedback micro switch is connected to the input terminal of the control cabinet and is used to provide the control cabinet with a closed-loop confirmation signal of the actual physical opening of the electric butterfly valve. The control cabinet will only allow the metering pump to start after receiving the closed-loop confirmation signal.

6. The solar-powered dosing and disinfection diversion device for safe drinking water in rural areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metering pump is a diaphragm electromagnetic metering pump. A one-way back pressure valve is installed at the junction of the metering pump's discharge port and the main water inlet pipe. The one-way back pressure valve is used to prevent the high-pressure water flow in the main water inlet pipe from flowing back into the metering pump, and at the same time to prevent the siphon effect caused by the terrain elevation difference from emptying the disinfectant tank (31).

7. A solar-powered dosing and disinfection device for rural safe drinking water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pipeline from the discharge port of the metering pump to the inlet of the clear water tank is set as a mixing section; a static mixer is embedded inside the mixing section to generate radial shear and vortex turbulence when the injected disinfectant and the raw water flow through the mixing section, so as to achieve rapid and uniform mixing of the disinfectant and water under passive conditions.

8. A solar-powered dosing and disinfection diversion device for safe drinking water in rural areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid level detection element includes a high-level float switch probe and a low-level float switch probe installed at different elevation positions inside the clear water tank. The high-level float switch probe corresponds to the preset high-level threshold, and the low-level float switch probe corresponds to the preset low-level threshold.

9. A solar-powered dosing and disinfection diversion device for rural safe drinking water according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It also includes an integrated support bracket and a protective enclosure. The solar power generation module is fastened to the top of the support bracket facing the sun. The control cabinet, the energy storage battery (11), the disinfection medicine box (31) and the metering pump are all housed inside the protective enclosure.

10. A method implemented using the apparatus as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Energy self-sufficiency stage: The solar power generation components continuously perform photoelectric conversion to store electrical energy in the energy storage battery (11) to maintain the basic power consumption of the whole-domain sensing and control system. S2, Status Monitoring Stage: The control cabinet reads the water level status signal fed back by the liquid level detection element deployed inside the clear water tank in real time at a preset sampling frequency; S3. Water replenishment and synchronous disinfection stage: When farmers are in peak water usage period, causing the water level in the pool to drop to the preset low threshold, the control cabinet outputs a drive level to make the electric valve fully open, and the mountain raw water flows into the clear water pool in large quantities through the main water inlet pipe; during this period, the control cabinet synchronously activates the metering pump in an electrical interlocking manner, and continuously adds chemical disinfectant to the flowing water according to a dynamic or static preset ratio. The disinfectant solution is mixed through the pipeline and then enters the pool to complete the sterilization. S4. Full Water Cutoff and Chemical Discontinuation Stage: When the water supply exceeds the consumption, causing the water level in the pool to rise to the preset high threshold, the control cabinet immediately cuts off the opening maintenance voltage of the electric valve or sends a closing signal to drive it to close completely, cutting off the water source entry channel; during the valve closing control sequence, the control cabinet simultaneously cuts off the power supply to the metering pump, forcibly terminating all chemical agent dosing behavior. S5. Source Ecological Diversion Stage: When the electric valve is physically closed, the flow of raw water in the upstream water pipe is blocked, and the local dynamic water pressure in the pipe increases, forcing the pure raw water to automatically change direction and overflow along the bypass diversion branch pipe set upstream of the electric valve and be discharged into the external natural river channel to avoid mixing with the water in the clear water pool.

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