Switch protection circuit and energy storage power supply

Abstract

The invention relates to a switch protection circuit and an energy storage power supply. The switch protection circuit comprises a power supply circuit, a controller, a protection module and a driving module, the controller is used for outputting a disconnection control signal when the current of the power supply circuit exceeds a target current range; the protection module is used for outputting a disconnection protection signal when the current of the power supply circuit exceeds a preset current window and the duration of receiving the disconnection control signal exceeds a first duration; and the driving module is used for driving the power supply switch to be switched off when receiving the switching-off control signal and the switching-off protection signal. The switch protection circuit can prolong the service life of the power supply switch on the power supply circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power electronics technology, and in particular to a switch protection circuit and an energy storage power supply. Background Technology

[0002] The energy storage power supply is equipped with a power supply circuit, which is located between the power supply end and the load end to transfer electrical energy from the power supply end to the load end.

[0003] Typically, power supply circuits are equipped with power switches. By controlling the on / off state of the power switch, the power supply circuit is controlled to determine whether power is supplied to the load connected to the load terminal of the power supply circuit. In related technologies, controllers are often used to control the on / off state of the power switch. For example, when the controller detects that the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a threshold, it controls the power switch to open.

[0004] However, the method of controlling the power supply switch to disconnect via a controller in related technologies has the problem of short power supply switch lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, this application provides a switch protection circuit and an energy storage power supply, which can improve the lifespan of the power supply switch on the power supply circuit.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a switch protection circuit, which includes: a power supply circuit, a controller, a protection module, and a drive module; the power supply circuit is provided with a power supply switch; the power supply circuit is respectively connected to the detection terminal of the controller and the detection terminal of the protection module, the output terminal of the controller is respectively connected to the control terminal of the protection module and the control terminal of the drive module, the output terminal of the protection module is connected to the protection terminal of the drive module, and the output terminal of the drive module is connected to the power supply switch;

[0007] The controller is used to output a disconnection control signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the target current range;

[0008] The protection module is used to output a disconnection protection signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a preset current window and the duration of receiving the disconnection control signal exceeds a first duration.

[0009] The drive module is used to drive the power supply switch to disconnect when a disconnection control signal and a disconnection protection signal are received.

[0010] In some embodiments, the protection module is further configured to output a conduction protection signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a preset current window and the duration of receiving the disconnection control signal does not exceed a first duration.

[0011] The drive module is also used to drive the power supply switch to turn on when a conduction protection signal is received.

[0012] In some embodiments, the controller is further configured to output a status control signal when the current in the power supply circuit is within the target current range;

[0013] The protection module is also used to output a disconnect protection signal when the current in the power supply circuit is within a preset current window;

[0014] The drive module is also used to drive the state of the power supply switch based on the state control signal when a disconnection protection signal is received.

[0015] In some embodiments, the protection module includes a window comparison unit, an action unit, and a delay unit; the input terminal of the window comparison unit is connected to the power supply circuit, the output terminal of the window comparison unit is connected to the input terminal of the action unit, the control terminal of the action unit is connected to the output terminal of the controller, the output terminal of the action unit is connected to the input terminal of the delay unit, and the output terminal of the delay unit is connected to the protection terminal of the drive module.

[0016] The window comparison unit is used to output a first comparison signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a preset current window;

[0017] An action unit is configured to output a first action signal when a first comparison signal is received and a disconnection control signal is not received.

[0018] Upon receiving a disconnect control signal, a second action signal is output, wherein the disconnect control signal is used to bypass the first comparison signal;

[0019] The delay unit is used to output a conduction protection signal when the duration of receiving the second action signal does not exceed the first duration or when the first action signal is received.

[0020] If the duration of receiving the second action signal exceeds the first duration, a disconnection protection signal is output.

[0021] In some embodiments, the actuating unit includes a first diode and a first control switch;

[0022] The anode of the first diode is connected to the output terminal of the window comparator unit, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the output terminal of the controller.

[0023] The control terminal of the first control switch is connected to the output terminal of the window comparison unit, the first conducting terminal of the first control switch is connected to the input terminal of the delay unit and the preset voltage source respectively, and the second conducting terminal of the first control switch is grounded.

[0024] In some embodiments, the delay unit includes a first capacitor, a Zener diode, and a second control switch;

[0025] The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the action unit, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0026] The cathode of the Zener diode is connected to the output terminal of the operating unit, and the anode of the Zener diode is connected to the control terminal of the second control switch.

[0027] The first conducting terminal of the second control switch is connected to the protection terminal of the drive module and the preset voltage source, respectively, and the second conducting terminal of the second control switch is grounded.

[0028] In some embodiments, the switch protection circuit further includes a power-on reset module; the output terminal of the power-on reset module is connected to the output terminal of the protection module and the protection terminal of the drive module, respectively, and the power-on terminal of the power-on reset module is connected to a preset voltage source;

[0029] The power-on reset module is also used to output a disconnect protection signal when the power-on duration of the preset voltage source does not exceed a second duration, and the signal output by the bypass protection module is also used.

[0030] When the power-on duration of the preset voltage source exceeds the second duration, the signal output by the transmission protection module is activated; the second duration is greater than or equal to the first duration.

[0031] In some embodiments, the power-on reset module includes a second capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third control switch;

[0032] The first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to a preset voltage source, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the control terminal of the third control switch.

[0033] The first end of the first resistor is connected to a preset voltage source, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the control terminal of the third control switch.

[0034] The control terminal of the third control switch is also grounded through the second resistor. The first conducting terminal of the third control switch is connected to the output terminal of the protection module and the protection terminal of the drive module, respectively. The second conducting terminal of the third control switch is grounded.

[0035] In some embodiments, the driving module includes a second diode, a third diode, and a fourth control switch;

[0036] The anode of the second diode is connected to the control terminal of the drive module, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the control terminal of the fourth control switch.

[0037] The anode of the third diode is connected to the protection terminal of the drive module, and the cathode of the third diode is connected to the control terminal of the fourth control switch.

[0038] The first conducting terminal of the fourth control switch is connected to the control terminal of the power supply switch, and the second conducting terminal of the fourth control switch is grounded.

[0039] Secondly, this application provides an energy storage power supply, which includes the switching protection circuit of any one of the first aspects.

[0040] In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, when the controller outputs a disconnect control signal, it does not immediately trigger the power supply switch to disconnect. Instead, it waits for a first duration before performing the disconnect action. This allows sufficient time for the power supply circuit to complete overcurrent protection. Before the duration for which the protection module receives the disconnect control signal exceeds the first duration, the overcurrent protection of the power supply circuit is completed. This ensures that the current in the power supply circuit is within a preset current window before the duration for which the protection module receives the disconnect control signal exceeds the first duration. Only then is the power supply switch disconnected, thereby minimizing the possibility of the power supply switch disconnecting under high current and improving the lifespan of the power supply switch. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the switch protection circuit provided in the first embodiment;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the switch protection circuit provided in the second embodiment;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the switch protection circuit provided in the third embodiment;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the switch protection circuit provided in the fourth embodiment;

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the switch protection circuit provided in the fifth embodiment;

[0047] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the switch protection circuit provided in the sixth embodiment;

[0048] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the switch protection circuit provided in the seventh embodiment;

[0049] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage power supply provided for some embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "each" means each of the multiple options, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0053] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0055] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] Energy storage power supplies include a power supply circuit, with an AC input port (e.g., the power supply end) and an AC output port (e.g., the load end) at both ends. In the power supply circuit, the AC input port is connected to the AC output port via a power switch. The AC output port must have overcurrent protection. When an overcurrent occurs at the AC output port, a very large instantaneous current is generated. When the controller detects the overcurrent at the AC output port, it will control the disconnection of the power switch on the power supply circuit. However, at this time, the current in the power supply circuit is very large, and there is a possibility that the power switch will disconnect under high current, which can easily lead to a short lifespan for the power switch. For example, taking a power switch including a relay as an example, if the relay disconnects its contacts under high current, an electric arc will form between the contacts, posing a risk of burning out the relay contacts and causing them to stick together, easily leading to relay failure and thus reducing the relay's lifespan.

[0057] Therefore, when the current in the power supply circuit is too high, it is desirable for the switch protection circuit to control the power supply switch to disconnect after performing overcurrent protection, thereby reducing the probability of the power supply switch disconnecting under high current and improving the life of the power supply switch.

[0058] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the switch protection circuit provided in the first embodiment is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the switch protection circuit includes: a power supply circuit, a controller, a protection module, and a drive module.

[0059] The power supply circuit is equipped with a power switch (such as...). Figure 1 (RLY1 and RLY2 in the diagram); the power supply circuit is connected to the detection terminal of the controller and the detection terminal of the protection module, respectively. The output terminal of the controller is connected to the control terminal of the protection module and the control terminal of the drive module, respectively. The output terminal of the protection module is connected to the protection terminal of the drive module, and the output terminal of the drive module is connected to the power switch.

[0060] The controller is used to output a disconnect control signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the target current range; the protection module is used to output a disconnect protection signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a preset current window and the duration of receiving the disconnect control signal exceeds a first duration; the drive module is used to drive the power supply switch to disconnect when it receives the disconnect control signal and the disconnect protection signal.

[0061] In some embodiments, the power supply circuit further includes a power supply terminal and a load terminal, which are connected via a power switch. The power supply terminal is used to connect to a power source, and the load terminal is used to connect to a load. For example, the power source may include an inverter circuit connected to a battery. As another example, the power source may include a power grid.

[0062] The power supply switch in this embodiment may include a relay. In other embodiments, the power supply switch may include a circuit breaker, a contactor, a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), or a field-effect transistor (FET).

[0063] For example, the detection terminals of the controller and the protection module can both be connected to any position in the power supply circuit, so that the controller can determine whether the current of the power supply circuit exceeds the target current range, and the protection module can determine whether the current of the power supply circuit exceeds the preset current window.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the switch protection circuit may further include a current detection module. The detection terminal of the current detection module is connected to the power supply circuit, and the output terminal of the current detection module is connected to the detection terminal of the controller and the detection terminal of the protection module, respectively. Exemplarily, the current detection module can acquire a current detection signal from the power supply circuit and output a current detection signal. In some embodiments, the current detection signal is in the form of a current signal, i.e., the current detection signal is a current-type signal. In other embodiments, the current detection signal is in the form of a voltage signal, i.e., the current detection signal is a voltage-type signal.

[0065] For example, the current detection module may include a current transformer or a Hall current sensor.

[0066] The target current range can include the range between a first current threshold and a second current threshold. A current in the power supply circuit exceeding the target current range can indicate that the current in the power supply circuit is less than the first current threshold or greater than the second current threshold. For example, the first current threshold is a negative value of the second current threshold.

[0067] The preset current window can include a window between a third current threshold and a fourth current threshold. If the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the preset current window, it can indicate that the current in the power supply circuit is less than the third current threshold or greater than the fourth current threshold. For example, the third current threshold is a negative value of the fourth current threshold.

[0068] In some embodiments, the target current range is the same as the current range between a preset current window. In other embodiments, the target current range is different from the current range between the preset current window. The target current range may cover the preset current window, or the preset current window may cover the target current range.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, a fuse F1 can also be provided in the power supply circuit. Exemplarily, this fuse F1 may include a resettable fuse, a one-time fuse, or a thermal fuse. When the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the target current range, the fuse F1 can blow, thus providing overcurrent protection for the power supply circuit. It should be noted that... Figure 1 The inclusion of fuse F1 is merely an exemplary method. In other embodiments, other components may be used for overcurrent protection. This application does not limit this method, and any method that can provide overcurrent protection should be within the scope of protection of this application.

[0070] In other embodiments, the controller is also used to provide overcurrent protection for the power supply circuit when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a target current range. For example, the controller can provide overcurrent protection for the power supply circuit by: the power supply circuit is also equipped with a circuit breaker, and the controller controls the circuit breaker to open, thereby providing overcurrent protection for the power supply circuit. As another example, the controller can provide overcurrent protection for the power supply circuit by: the AC input port of the power supply circuit is connected to an inverter circuit, and the controller controls the switch in the inverter circuit to open, thereby stopping the AC input port of the power supply circuit from supplying power to the AC output port, thus providing overcurrent protection for the power supply circuit.

[0071] For example, when overcurrent protection of the power supply circuit is completed, the current of the power supply circuit is 0.

[0072] In the embodiments of this application, the power supply switch (such as...) Figure 1 The control terminals of RLY1 and RLY2 can receive the RLY_K signal. The end opposite to the control terminal of the power supply switch is the power supply terminal, and the voltage of the power supply terminal of the power supply switch is RLY_VCC. When RLY is a high-level signal (e.g., RLY_VCC), the control switch is off. When RLY is a low-level signal (e.g., 0V), the control switch is on.

[0073] In this embodiment, the disconnection control signal is a low-level signal, and the disconnection protection signal is a low-level signal. In other embodiments, the disconnection control signal is a high-level signal, and the disconnection protection signal is a high-level signal.

[0074] In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, when the controller outputs a disconnect control signal, it does not immediately trigger the power supply switch to disconnect. Instead, it waits for a first duration before performing the disconnect action. This allows sufficient time for the power supply circuit to complete overcurrent protection. Thus, before the protection module receives the disconnect control signal for a duration exceeding the first duration, the overcurrent protection of the power supply circuit is completed. This ensures that the current in the power supply circuit is within a preset current window before the protection module receives the disconnect control signal for a duration exceeding the first duration. Only then is the power supply switch disconnected, thereby minimizing the possibility of the power supply switch disconnecting under high current and improving the lifespan of the power supply switch.

[0075] In some embodiments, the protection module is further configured to output a conduction protection signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a preset current window and the duration of receiving the disconnection control signal does not exceed a first duration. In some embodiments, the protection module is further configured to output a conduction protection signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a preset current window and no disconnection control signal is received.

[0076] In some embodiments, the drive module is further configured to drive the power supply switch to turn on when a conduction protection signal is received.

[0077] In this embodiment, due to the processing delay of the controller, when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the target current range, the controller outputs a disconnection control signal at preset intervals.

[0078] In this embodiment, the conduction protection signal is a high-level signal. In other embodiments, the conduction protection signal is a low-level signal.

[0079] The following explains the working principle of the switch protection circuit;

[0080] When the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the target current range, the controller outputs a disconnect protection signal at preset intervals. However, if the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a preset current window but before receiving a disconnect protection signal, the protection module outputs a conduction protection signal. If the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the preset current window and the duration of the received disconnect control signal does not exceed a first duration, the protection module continues to output a conduction protection signal until the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the preset current window and the duration of the received disconnect control signal exceeds the first duration, at which point it outputs a disconnect protection signal. Thus, the protection module switches from outputting a conduction protection signal to outputting a disconnect protection signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the preset current window and the duration of the received disconnect control signal changes from never exceeding the first duration to exceeding the first duration.

[0081] In this embodiment, the drive module is used to drive the state of the power supply switch according to the signals output by the controller and the protection module. For example, the drive module is used to drive the power supply switch to disconnect when both the signals output by the controller and the protection module are disconnect signals. Alternatively, the drive module is used to drive the power supply switch to conduct when at least one of the signals output by the controller and the protection module is a conduction signal. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the drive module receives a conduction protection signal, it drives the power supply switch to conduct regardless of whether the received signal from the controller is a disconnect control signal or a conduction protection signal.

[0082] In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, when the controller outputs a disconnect control signal, although the protection module receives the disconnect control signal, it outputs a conduction protection signal if the duration of receiving the disconnect control signal does not exceed a first duration. This ensures the power switch remains in a conducting state, preventing it from disconnecting under high current. Sufficient time is given for overcurrent protection of the power supply circuit until the duration of receiving the disconnect control signal exceeds the first duration, preventing the power switch from disconnecting under high current before overcurrent protection is implemented, thus improving the lifespan of the power switch. Furthermore, by limiting the first duration, prolonged high-current conduction in the power supply circuit can be avoided, preventing damage to the load. Even if overcurrent protection fails, the power switch will disconnect promptly, preventing load damage even if the power switch disconnects under high current, thereby improving the reliability of the power supply circuit.

[0083] In some embodiments, the controller is further configured to output a state control signal when the current of the power supply circuit is within a target current range; the protection module is further configured to output a disconnect protection signal when the current of the power supply circuit is within a preset current window; and the drive module is further configured to drive the state of the power supply switch based on the state control signal when the disconnect protection signal is received.

[0084] For example, when the current in the power supply circuit is within the target current range, the controller can output a status control signal according to its own needs for the power supply circuit. For instance, the controller can output a turn-on control signal when it needs to supply power to the load connected to the power supply circuit. For instance, the controller can output a turn-off control signal when it does not need to supply power to the load connected to the power supply circuit.

[0085] Specifically, when the drive module receives a disconnection protection signal and the received status control signal is a conduction control signal, it drives the power supply switch to conduct. When the drive module receives a disconnection protection signal and the received status control signal is a disconnection control signal, it drives the power supply switch to disconnect.

[0086] In this embodiment, the turn-on control signal is a high-level signal. In other embodiments, the turn-on control signal is a low-level signal.

[0087] In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, since the protection module outputs a disconnect protection signal when the current in the power supply circuit is within a preset current window, the state of the power supply switch depends on the state control signal output by the controller. This enables the controller to flexibly control the power supply switch in the power supply circuit to be turned on or off as needed during normal operation of the power supply circuit, avoiding the influence of the protection module on the operating state of the power supply switch and improving the effectiveness of power supply switch control.

[0088] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the switch protection circuit provided in the second embodiment is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 Compared to the example Figure 1 The difference in the embodiments is that the protection module includes a window comparison unit, an action unit, and a delay unit; the input terminal of the window comparison unit is connected to the power supply circuit, for example, the input terminal of the window comparison unit is connected to the power supply circuit through a current detection module, the output terminal of the window comparison unit is connected to the input terminal of the action unit, the control terminal of the action unit is connected to the output terminal of the controller, the output terminal of the action unit is connected to the input terminal of the delay unit, and the output terminal of the delay unit is connected to the protection terminal of the drive module.

[0089] The input terminal of the window comparison unit is connected to the power supply circuit as the detection terminal of the protection module.

[0090] In some embodiments, the window comparison unit is configured to output a first comparison signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a preset current window; the action unit is configured to output a second action signal upon receiving a disconnection control signal; wherein the disconnection control signal is used to bypass the first comparison signal; and the delay unit is configured to output a disconnection protection signal when the duration of receiving the second action signal exceeds a first duration.

[0091] In some embodiments, the window comparison unit is further configured to output a first comparison signal when the current of the power supply circuit exceeds a preset current window; the action unit is further configured to output a first action signal when the first comparison signal is received and no disconnection control signal is received; and the delay unit is further configured to output a conduction protection signal when the duration of receiving the second action signal does not exceed a first duration or when the first action signal is received.

[0092] In some embodiments, the window comparison unit is further configured to output a second comparison signal when the current of the power supply circuit is within a preset current window; the action unit is further configured to output a second action signal when the second comparison signal is received; and the delay unit is further configured to output a disconnection protection signal when the duration of receiving the second action signal exceeds a first duration.

[0093] In this embodiment, the first comparison signal is a high-level signal, and the second comparison signal is a low-level signal. In other embodiments of this application, the first comparison signal is a low-level signal, and the second comparison signal is a high-level signal.

[0094] In this embodiment of the application, the first action signal is a high-level signal and the second action signal is a low-level signal. In other embodiments of the application, the first action signal is a low-level signal and the second action signal is a high-level signal.

[0095] When the current in the power supply circuit changes from being within a preset current window to exceeding the preset current window, the window comparison unit switches from outputting a second comparison signal to outputting a first comparison signal.

[0096] When the action unit switches from receiving the second comparison signal to receiving the first comparison signal, it switches from outputting the second action signal to outputting the first action signal. When the controller outputs the disconnect control signal, the disconnect control signal is used to bypass the first comparison signal. Thus, when the action unit switches from receiving the first comparison signal to receiving the disconnect control signal, it switches from outputting the first action signal to outputting the second action signal.

[0097] The delay unit outputs a conduction protection signal when the duration of receiving the second action signal does not exceed the first duration or when it receives the first action signal; and outputs a disconnection protection signal when the duration of receiving the second action signal exceeds the first duration.

[0098] In this embodiment, the controller outputs a status control signal when the current in the power supply circuit is within the target current range; and outputs a disconnection control signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the target current range. The working principle of the switch protection circuit in this embodiment is explained below in conjunction with the controller's output signals:

[0099] During normal operation of the power supply circuit, the controller determines that the current in the power supply circuit is within the target current range and outputs a status control signal. The window comparison unit outputs a second comparison signal when the current in the power supply circuit is within a preset current window. The action unit outputs a second action signal upon receiving the second comparison signal. The delay unit outputs a disconnection protection signal when the duration of the received second action signal exceeds a first duration. In this way, the drive module drives the state of the power supply switch based on the status control signal sent by the controller, thereby achieving controller control of the power supply switch state during normal operation of the power supply circuit, improving the effectiveness of power supply switch control.

[0100] When an overcurrent occurs in the power supply circuit, due to a processing delay in the controller, the controller outputs a disconnect control signal only after a preset delay when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the target current range. Thus, the window comparison unit outputs a first comparison signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the preset current window; the action unit outputs a first action signal when it receives the first comparison signal but has not yet received the disconnect control signal; and the delay unit outputs a conduction protection signal upon receiving the first action signal. In this way, regardless of whether the controller outputs a conduction control signal or a disconnect control signal when an overcurrent occurs in the power supply circuit, the protection module outputs a conduction protection signal, thereby preventing the power switch from disconnecting due to a large current.

[0101] When the controller outputs a disconnect control signal, the disconnect control signal bypasses the first comparison signal, causing the action unit to switch to receiving the disconnect control signal. Upon receiving the disconnect control signal, the action unit outputs a second action signal. If the duration of the second action signal received by the delay unit does not exceed the first duration, it still outputs a conduction protection signal to keep the power supply switch on. This continues until the duration of the second action signal received by the delay unit exceeds the first duration, at which point it outputs a disconnect protection signal to disconnect the power supply switch. In this way, even if the controller outputs a disconnect control signal and then controls the power supply switch to disconnect only after a first duration, overcurrent protection of the power supply circuit can be performed within this first duration. This provides sufficient time for overcurrent protection of the power supply circuit, allowing it to be performed first before driving the control switch to disconnect, avoiding the situation where the power supply switch disconnects under high current and improving the service life of the power supply switch.

[0102] In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, when the controller outputs a disconnection control signal, it does not directly trigger the disconnection protection. Instead, it is converted into a second action signal by the action unit and then enters the delay unit. The delay unit counts according to a set first duration. When the duration of receiving the second action signal does not exceed the first duration or when the first action signal is received, a conduction protection signal is output. When the duration of receiving the second action signal exceeds the first duration, a disconnection protection signal is output. This provides sufficient time for the overcurrent protection of the power supply circuit, so that the overcurrent protection of the power supply circuit can be performed first, and then the control switch can be driven to disconnect. This avoids the situation where the power supply switch disconnects under high current and improves the service life of the power supply switch.

[0103] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the switch protection circuit provided in the third embodiment is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 Compared to the example Figure 2 The difference in the embodiments is that: the action unit includes a first diode D1 and a first control switch Q1; the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the output terminal of the window comparison unit, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the output terminal of the controller; the control terminal of the first control switch Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the window comparison unit, the first conducting terminal of the first control switch Q1 is connected to the input terminal of the delay unit and the preset voltage source respectively, and the second conducting terminal of the first control switch Q1 is grounded.

[0104] In this embodiment, "grounding" refers to connecting to reference ground or signal ground.

[0105] In some embodiments, the operating unit further includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a fifth resistor R5. The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to a preset voltage source, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the control terminal of the first control switch Q1. The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the control terminal of the first control switch Q1, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded. The first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the preset voltage source, and the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first conducting terminal of the first control switch Q1.

[0106] In this embodiment, the voltage provided by the preset voltage source is VCC. For example, VCC may be the same as or different from RLY_VCC.

[0107] For example, the first control switch Q1 may include an NPN transistor. For instance, the control terminal of the first control switch Q1 is the base of the NPN transistor, the first conducting terminal of the first control switch Q1 is the collector of the NPN transistor, and the second conducting terminal of the first control switch Q1 is the emitter of the NPN transistor.

[0108] In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, when the window comparison unit outputs a first comparison signal, the signal is simultaneously applied to the control terminal of the first control switch Q1 and the anode of the first diode D1. The first control switch Q1 is turned on in response to the first comparison signal and outputs a first action signal to the delay unit. When the controller outputs a disconnect control signal, the disconnect control signal is applied to the anode of the first diode D1 through the cathode of the first diode D1. The disconnect control signal bypasses the first comparison signal, causing the control terminal of the first control switch Q1 to lose effective drive and turn off. At this time, the input terminal of the delay unit is disconnected from ground through the first control switch Q1 and connected to a preset voltage source, thereby outputting a second action signal to the delay unit. The corresponding signal can be adaptively output to the delay unit according to the received signal without software intervention, which improves the control reliability.

[0109] Continue reading Figure 3 The delay unit includes a first capacitor C1, a Zener diode ZD, and a second control switch Q2. The first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the output end of the action unit, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded. The cathode of the Zener diode ZD is connected to the output end of the action unit, and the anode of the Zener diode ZD is connected to the control end of the second control switch Q2. The first conducting end of the second control switch Q2 is connected to the protection end of the drive module and the preset voltage source, respectively, and the second conducting end of the second control switch Q2 is grounded.

[0110] In some embodiments, the delay unit further includes a sixth resistor R6, the first end of which is connected to a preset voltage source, and the second end of which is connected to the first conducting terminal of the second control switch Q2.

[0111] For example, the second control switch Q2 may include an NPN transistor. For instance, the control terminal of the second control switch Q2 is the base of the NPN transistor, the first conducting terminal of the second control switch Q2 is the collector of the NPN transistor, and the second conducting terminal of the second control switch Q2 is the emitter of the NPN transistor.

[0112] The following explains the working principles of the action unit and the delay unit:

[0113] When the action unit receives the second comparison signal (low-level signal), the first control switch Q1 is turned off, and the second action signal (high-level signal) is output. When the delay unit receives the second action signal (high-level signal), the first capacitor C1 is charged. After a first time period, when the voltage of the first capacitor C1 exceeds the preset voltage threshold, the Zener diode ZD breaks down, the second control switch Q2 is turned on, and the disconnect protection signal (low-level signal) is output.

[0114] When the action unit receives the first comparison signal (high level signal), the first control switch Q1 is turned on and outputs the first action signal (low level signal). When the delay unit receives the first action signal (low level signal), the first capacitor C1 discharges rapidly, the Zener diode ZD no longer breaks down, the second control switch Q2 is turned off, and the conduction protection signal (high level signal) is output.

[0115] When the action unit receives the disconnect control signal (low-level signal), the first control switch Q1 is disconnected, and the second action signal (high-level signal) is output. When the delay unit receives the second action signal (high-level signal), the first capacitor C1 is charged. After a first time period, when the voltage of the first capacitor C1 exceeds the preset voltage threshold, the Zener diode ZD breaks down, the second control switch Q2 is turned on, and the disconnect protection signal (low-level signal) is output.

[0116] It is worth noting that when the window comparator outputs the first comparison signal (high level signal), if the controller outputs the disconnect control signal (low level signal), the disconnect control signal (low level signal) output by the controller will bypass the first comparison signal (high level signal) output by the window comparator through the action of the first diode D1, so that the first control switch Q1 receives the disconnect control signal (low level signal).

[0117] In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, the second action signal (high-level signal) output by the action unit charges the first capacitor C1. The voltage of the first capacitor C1 gradually increases over time. This charging process constitutes a timing mechanism for the duration of the signal. When the voltage of the first capacitor C1 does not reach the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode ZD, the second control switch Q2 is in the off state and outputs a conduction protection signal (high-level signal) to the drive module. Only when the voltage of the first capacitor C1 reaches the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode ZD after charging, the Zener diode ZD is turned on and drives the second control switch Q2 to turn on, outputting a disconnection control signal (low-level signal) to the drive module. Thus, the timing function is realized through discrete components without relying on software, improving control reliability.

[0118] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the switch protection circuit provided in the fourth embodiment is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 Compared to the example Figure 1 The difference in the embodiment is that the switch protection circuit also includes a power-on reset module; the output terminal of the power-on reset module is connected to the output terminal of the protection module and the protection terminal of the drive module, respectively, and the power-on terminal of the power-on reset module is connected to a preset voltage source. The voltage output by the preset voltage source is VCC.

[0119] The power-on reset module is also used to output a disconnect protection signal when the power-on duration of the preset voltage source does not exceed the second duration, and to output a signal from the transmission protection module when the power-on duration of the preset voltage source exceeds the second duration; the second duration is greater than or equal to the first duration.

[0120] In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, by setting a power-on reset module, a disconnection protection signal is output when the power-on duration of the preset voltage source does not exceed the second duration. This avoids the situation where the protection module outputs a conduction protection signal during the second duration interval from the start of power-on of the preset voltage source, causing the state of the power supply switch to no longer be controlled by the controller. Therefore, by setting a power-on reset module, the reliability of the power supply switch control on the power supply circuit can be improved.

[0121] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the switch protection circuit provided in the fifth embodiment is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 Compared to the example Figure 4 The difference in the embodiment is that the power-on reset module includes a second capacitor C2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third control switch Q3.

[0122] The first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to a preset voltage source, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the control terminal of the third control switch Q3; the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the preset voltage source, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the control terminal of the third control switch Q3; the control terminal of the third control switch Q3 is also grounded through the second resistor R2, the first conducting end of the third control switch Q3 is connected to the output terminal of the protection module and the protection terminal of the drive module respectively, and the second conducting end of the third control switch Q3 is grounded.

[0123] For example, the third control switch Q3 can be a PMOS. The control terminal of the third control switch Q3 can be the gate of the PMOS, the first conducting terminal of the third control switch Q3 can be the drain of the PMOS, and the second conducting terminal of the third control switch Q3 can be the source of the PMOS.

[0124] The following explains the working principle of the power-on reset module:

[0125] When the preset voltage source is powered on, the voltage output by the preset voltage source charges the second capacitor C2. During the charging of the second capacitor C2, the voltage at the control terminal of the third control switch Q3 is lower than the set voltage threshold, and the third control switch Q3 is in the ON state. When the second capacitor C2 is fully charged, the voltage at the control terminal of the third control switch Q3 is greater than or equal to the set voltage threshold, and the third control switch Q3 is in the OFF state. When the third control switch Q3 is in the ON state, the power-on reset module bypasses the signal output by the protection module and outputs a disconnect protection signal (low-level signal). When the third control switch Q3 is in the OFF state, the power-on reset module transmits the signal output by the protection module.

[0126] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the switch protection circuit provided in the sixth embodiment is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 Compared to the example Figure 1 The difference in the embodiment is that the driving module includes a second diode D2, a third diode D3, and a fourth control switch Q4.

[0127] The anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the control terminal of the drive module, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the control terminal of the fourth control switch Q4; the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the protection terminal of the drive module, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the control terminal of the fourth control switch Q4; the first conducting terminal of the fourth control switch Q4 is connected to the control terminal of the power supply switch, and the second conducting terminal of the fourth control switch Q4 is grounded.

[0128] In some embodiments, the drive module further includes a seventh resistor R7 and an eighth resistor R8. The first end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, the second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the control terminal of the fourth control switch Q4, the first end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the control terminal of the fourth control switch Q4, and the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is grounded.

[0129] For example, the fourth control switch Q4 may include an NPN transistor. For instance, the control terminal of the fourth control switch Q4 is the base of the NPN transistor, the first conducting terminal of the fourth control switch Q4 is the collector of the NPN transistor, and the second conducting terminal of the fourth control switch Q4 is the emitter of the NPN transistor.

[0130] The following explains the working principle of the driver module:

[0131] The anode of the second diode D2 serves as the control terminal of the drive module, and the anode of the third diode D3 serves as the protection terminal of the drive module. The control terminal of the drive module receives signals sent by the controller, and the protection terminal receives signals sent by the protection module. When both the signals sent by the controller and the protection module are disconnect signals (low-level signals), the fourth control switch Q4 is disconnected, and its first conducting terminal is a high-level signal, driving the power supply switch to disconnect. When at least one of the signals sent by the controller and the protection module is a conducting signal (high-level signal), the fourth control switch Q4 is turned on, and its first conducting terminal is a low-level signal, driving the power supply switch to turn on.

[0132] In the technical solution provided in this application embodiment, the second diode D2 and the third diode D3 form an OR gate logic structure, so that when either the control terminal or the protection terminal outputs a high-level signal, the control terminal of the fourth control switch Q4 can obtain an effective driving voltage, thereby driving the fourth control switch Q4 to conduct, and then driving the power supply switch to conduct. In this way, the logical OR operation of the signal sent by the controller and the signal sent by the protection module is realized by using discrete components, and the control of the drive switch can be performed without the participation of software, thereby improving the effectiveness of the drive switch control.

[0133] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the switch protection circuit provided in the seventh embodiment. This embodiment is an integration of the first to sixth embodiments described above. The connection relationship of each device is described in the corresponding embodiment above, and will not be repeated here.

[0134] exist Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the window comparison unit includes a first comparator, a second comparator, a fourth diode, and a fifth diode. The inverting input of the first comparator is connected to the power supply circuit. For example, the inverting input of the first comparator is connected to the power supply circuit through a current detection module. The non-inverting input of the first comparator is connected to -VREF, where -VREF represents the negative value of the reference voltage. For example, -VREF is the minimum threshold of the preset current window (i.e., the third current threshold mentioned above). The non-inverting input of the second comparator is connected to the power supply circuit. For example, the non-inverting input of the second comparator is connected to the power supply circuit through a current detection module. The inverting input of the second comparator is connected to VREF, where VREF represents the reference voltage. For example, VREF is the maximum threshold of the preset current window (i.e., the fourth current threshold mentioned above).

[0135] The output of the first comparator is connected to the anode of the fourth diode, and the cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the input of the actuation unit. The output of the second comparator is connected to the anode of the fifth diode, and the cathode of the fifth diode is connected to the input of the actuation unit.

[0136] For example, Figure 7The structure of the window comparison unit shown can be applied to the aforementioned Figure 1-6 The switch protection circuit in any of the embodiments is not described in detail in this application.

[0137] The following combination Figure 7 The working principle of the switch protection circuit in the embodiments of this application is explained as follows:

[0138] When the preset voltage source is powered on, it provides voltage VCC and charges the second capacitor C2 in the power-on reset module. Since the voltage of the second capacitor C2 is low during charging, the voltage at the control terminal of the third control switch Q3 is also low. Because the third control switch Q3 is a PMOS, it conducts, bypassing the signal output from the delay unit. The power-on reset module outputs a low-level signal to the drive module until a second time interval after the preset voltage source powers on, at which point the second capacitor C2 is fully charged, the voltage at the control terminal of the third control switch Q3 becomes high, and the third control switch Q3 is disconnected. At this point, the power-on reset module can transmit the signal output from the delay unit to the drive module. This method avoids the problem of the power-on reset module outputting a high-level signal to the drive module during the initial power-on phase of the preset voltage source, which would cause the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) to conduct, rendering their on / off states uncontrollable by the controller and leading to control failure of the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2).

[0139] The current detection module detects the current in the power supply circuit in real time and outputs a current detection signal. The current detection signal reaches not only the window comparator but also the controller.

[0140] During normal operation of the power supply circuit, the window comparison unit detects that the current of the power supply circuit is within the preset current window and outputs a low-level signal. The controller detects that the current of the power supply circuit is within the target current range and outputs a status control signal. The first control switch Q1 in the action unit is turned off based on the low-level signal. Thus, the voltage VCC provided by the preset voltage source charges the first capacitor C1 through the fifth resistor R5. That is, the action unit outputs a high-level signal to the delay unit to charge the first capacitor C1. When the voltage of the first capacitor C1 exceeds the preset voltage threshold, the Zener diode ZD breaks down, the second control switch Q2 is turned on, and outputs a low-level signal. Therefore, the protection signal obtained by the drive module is a low-level signal, and the control signal obtained by the drive module is the status control signal output by the controller. The drive module drives the state of the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) based on the status control signal. For example, when the status control signal is a high-level signal, the fourth control switch Q4 is turned on, outputting a low-level signal to the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2), and the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) are turned on. When the status control signal is low, the fourth control switch Q4 is open, outputting a high-level signal to the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2), and the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) are open.

[0141] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the charging time of the second capacitor C2 is greater than or equal to the charging time of the first capacitor C1 until the Zener diode ZD breaks down. This avoids the problem of the power-on reset module forwarding the high-level signal output by the delay unit to the drive module, which could cause the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) to malfunction. For example, if the charging time of the second capacitor C2 is less than the charging time of the first capacitor C1 until the Zener diode ZD breaks down, then after the third control switch Q3 is turned off, the second control switch Q2 has not yet been turned on, causing VCC to drive the fourth control switch Q4 to turn on through the sixth resistor R6 and the third diode D3, thereby driving the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) to turn on, causing the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) to malfunction.

[0142] When the power supply circuit is operating under overcurrent conditions, the window comparison unit detects that the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the preset current window and outputs a high-level signal. Since the hardware response is typically in the microsecond range, while the controller response is typically in the millisecond range, there is a control delay in the controller. In this case, the controller outputs a status control signal. The first control switch Q1 in the action unit is turned on based on the high-level signal output by the window comparison unit, causing the voltage of the first capacitor C1 in the delay unit to drop to 0 immediately. The second control switch Q2 in the delay unit is turned off, and the delay unit outputs a high-level signal, thereby turning on the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) and avoiding the problem of disconnecting the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) due to a large current.

[0143] When the controller detects that the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the target current range and outputs a low-level signal, VCC is grounded through the third resistor R3 and the first diode D1. The first control switch Q1 receives a low-level signal and opens, allowing VCC to charge the first capacitor C1 through the fifth resistor R5. When the voltage of the first capacitor C1 does not exceed the preset voltage threshold, the second control switch Q2 remains open. The protection signal received by the drive module is a high-level signal, so that the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) remain on until the voltage of the first capacitor C1 exceeds the preset voltage threshold, at which point the Zener diode ZD breaks down (the required time is the first duration). The second control switch Q2 then turns on and outputs a low-level signal, so that the protection signal received by the drive module is a low-level signal, causing the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) to open. In this way, when the controller outputs a low-level signal, the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) are disconnected only after a first time interval, thus providing time for overcurrent protection, reducing the likelihood of the power supply switches (RLY1 and RLY2) disconnecting under high current conditions, and improving the lifespan of the power supply switches.

[0144] Figure 8 Schematic diagrams of the energy storage power supply provided for some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the energy storage power supply includes the switch protection circuit in any of the above embodiments. In some embodiments, the energy storage power supply further includes an inverter circuit connected to the switch protection circuit.

[0145] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0146] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A switch protection circuit, characterized in that, The switch protection circuit includes: a power supply circuit, a controller, a protection module, and a drive module; the power supply circuit is equipped with a power supply switch; the power supply circuit is connected to the detection terminal of the controller and the detection terminal of the protection module respectively; the output terminal of the controller is connected to the control terminal of the protection module and the control terminal of the drive module respectively; the output terminal of the protection module is connected to the protection terminal of the drive module; and the output terminal of the drive module is connected to the power supply switch. The controller is configured to output a disconnection control signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the target current range. The protection module is used to output a disconnection protection signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a preset current window and the duration of receiving the disconnection control signal exceeds a first duration. The drive module is used to drive the power supply switch to disconnect when it receives the disconnection control signal and the disconnection protection signal.

2. The switch protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection module is also configured to output a conduction protection signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the preset current window and the duration of receiving the disconnection control signal does not exceed the first duration. The drive module is also used to drive the power supply switch to conduct when the conduction protection signal is received.

3. The switch protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is also configured to output a status control signal when the current in the power supply circuit is within the target current range; The protection module is also used to output the disconnect protection signal when the current in the power supply circuit is within the preset current window; The drive module is also used to drive the state of the power supply switch based on the state control signal when the disconnection protection signal is received.

4. The switch protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The protection module includes a window comparison unit, an action unit, and a delay unit; the input terminal of the window comparison unit is connected to the power supply circuit, the output terminal of the window comparison unit is connected to the input terminal of the action unit, the control terminal of the action unit is connected to the output terminal of the controller, the output terminal of the action unit is connected to the input terminal of the delay unit, and the output terminal of the delay unit is connected to the protection terminal of the drive module. The window comparison unit is used to output a first comparison signal when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds the preset current window; The action unit is configured to output a first action signal when it receives the first comparison signal and does not receive the disconnection control signal, and Upon receiving the disconnection control signal, a second action signal is output, wherein the disconnection control signal is used to bypass the first comparison signal; The delay unit is configured to output a conduction protection signal when the duration of receiving the second action signal does not exceed the first duration or when the first action signal is received. When the duration of receiving the second action signal exceeds the first duration, the disconnection protection signal is output.

5. The switch protection circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The actuation unit includes a first diode and a first control switch; The anode of the first diode is connected to the output terminal of the window comparator unit, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the output terminal of the controller. The control terminal of the first control switch is connected to the output terminal of the window comparison unit, the first conducting terminal of the first control switch is connected to the input terminal of the delay unit and the preset voltage source respectively, and the second conducting terminal of the first control switch is grounded.

6. The switch protection circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The delay unit includes a first capacitor, a Zener diode, and a second control switch; The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the action unit, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded. The cathode of the Zener diode is connected to the output terminal of the actuation unit, and the anode of the Zener diode is connected to the control terminal of the second control switch. The first conducting terminal of the second control switch is connected to the protection terminal of the drive module and the preset voltage source, respectively, and the second conducting terminal of the second control switch is grounded.

7. The switch protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The switch protection circuit also includes a power-on reset module; the output terminal of the power-on reset module is connected to the output terminal of the protection module and the protection terminal of the drive module respectively, and the power-on terminal of the power-on reset module is connected to a preset voltage source; The power-on reset module is further configured to bypass the signal output by the protection module and output the disconnect protection signal when the power-on duration of the preset voltage source does not exceed a second duration. When the power-on duration of the preset voltage source exceeds the second duration, the signal output by the protection module is transmitted. The second duration is greater than or equal to the first duration.

8. The switch protection circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power-on reset module includes a second capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a third control switch; The first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the preset voltage source, and the second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the control terminal of the third control switch; The first end of the first resistor is connected to the preset voltage source, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the control terminal of the third control switch; The control terminal of the third control switch is also grounded through the second resistor. The first conducting terminal of the third control switch is connected to the output terminal of the protection module and the protection terminal of the drive module, respectively. The second conducting terminal of the third control switch is grounded.

9. The switch protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The drive module includes a second diode, a third diode, and a fourth control switch; The anode of the second diode is connected to the control terminal of the drive module, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the control terminal of the fourth control switch. The anode of the third diode is connected to the protection terminal of the drive module, and the cathode of the third diode is connected to the control terminal of the fourth control switch. The first conducting terminal of the fourth control switch is connected to the control terminal of the power supply switch, and the second conducting terminal of the fourth control switch is grounded.

10. An energy storage power source, characterized in that, The energy storage power supply includes the switch protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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